GB584971A - Improvements relating to the preparation of polyol compositions - Google Patents
Improvements relating to the preparation of polyol compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- GB584971A GB584971A GB9683/44A GB968344A GB584971A GB 584971 A GB584971 A GB 584971A GB 9683/44 A GB9683/44 A GB 9683/44A GB 968344 A GB968344 A GB 968344A GB 584971 A GB584971 A GB 584971A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- polyol
- acid
- reacted
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/02—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
- C07H15/04—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
- C07H15/08—Polyoxyalkylene derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/02—Preparation of ethers from oxiranes
- C07C41/03—Preparation of ethers from oxiranes by reaction of oxirane rings with hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
- C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
- C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Abstract
Polyol compositions may be prepared by reacting water and a water-soluble saturated polyol, containing only carbon, hydrogen and and oxygen and having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups with an olefine oxide containing not more than 5 carbon atoms, and esterifying the reaction product with an aliphatic straight chain saturated monocarboxylic acid having at least 16 carbon atoms. The polyols, i.e. polyhydric alcohols and carbohydrates, which may have substituent groups containing two or more of the elements carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, such as alkyl, aryl, acyl and ether groups, include glycerol and higher polyhydric alcohols, cyclitols such as the inositols, partially alkylated cyclitols such as quebrachitol and pinitol, diglycerol and the lower poly-glycerols, pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol and other pentaerythritol ethers, hexitans such as sorbitan and mannitan, hexitols such as sorbitol and mannitol, saccharides such as glucose, fructose, lower alkyl glucosides, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, glucosan, mannosan, lactones such as glyconic lactone and mixed polyols obtained by the partial reduction of sugar. Polyols containing up to 6 carbon atoms are preferred. The polyol may be mixed with, say, 0.08 to 1.5 mols. of water for each hydroxyl group present in the polyol and the mixture is then reacted with the olefine oxide, preferably, ethylene or propylene oxide or a mixture thereof, though butylene and amylene oxides may also be used. Generally, the quantity of olefine oxide should not be less than 0.4 times the total number of gram equivalents of hydroxyl group present in the polyol and water, and not less than 1.5 times each gram equivalent of water employed; preferably sufficient should be used to give a final product having a freezing point above about 30 DEG C. The olefine oxide may be added in liquid or gaseous form to the polyol-water mixture in a stirred pressure vessel, suitably at 80 DEG to 140 DEG C. under elevated pressures. Acid or basic condensation catalysts may be present, for example, boric acid, sodium oleate, sodium methylate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, acid salts such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc chloride and mineral acids such as sulphuric and phosphoric acids. Esterification of the condensation product may be by direct esterification at 150 DEG to 280 DEG C. with agitation in closed reaction vessels, the water formed being removed by distillation; esterification catalysts may be added, but the catalyst from the condensation reaction often suffices. The esterifying acid should generally be present in molal quantities equivalent to at least one-half the hydroxyl equivalents in the original polyol plus one-half the mol. equivalents of water used. The preferred esterifying acid is stearic acid, either the pure or double- and triple-pressed acids or completely hydrogenated olive acid; likewise, hydrogenated fish oil, soya and palmitic acids and mono-basic acids from paraffinic oxidations may be used. The esterified product may be decolourised by treatment with decolourising carbons, activated earths, hydrogen peroxide or benzoyl peroxide. In modifications, up to 50 per cent of the esterifying acid may be reacted with the polyol prior to reaction with the olefine oxide, or a minor amount of the olefine oxide may be first reacted with some of the polyol or the water. If sufficient long chain ester is present to produce desired waxiness and freezing point, without esterification being complete, then the product may be further esterified by means of lower aliphatic, aromatic and polybasic carboxylic acids. The products are waxy solids, soluble in hydrocarbon solvents and form emulsions in warm water with the aid of dispersing agents. They may also be used in cosmetic preparations, yarn sizes, lubricants and polishes. In examples: (1) sorbitol containing 5 per cent water is reacted in an autoclave at 90 DEG C. with ethylene oxide using sodium methylate as catalyst and the product esterified with stearic acid at 270 DEG C. in an inert atmosphere and decolourised with carbon; (2) sorbitol containing 15 per cent water and some sodium sulphate and prepared by electrolytic reduction of glycose is similarly reacted with ethylene oxide and the product esterified with hydrogenated soya oil fatty acids; (3) glycerine containing 5 per cent water is reacted with ethylene oxide and the product esterified with stearic acid, as in (1) above; (4) sorbitol containing 5-6 per cent water is reacted with propylene oxide in the presence of sodium methylate and then with hydrogenated soya oil fatty acids; (5) glycose, water and ethylene oxide are reacted in the presence of boric acid and the product esterified with stearic acid, decolourised with carbon and bleached with aqueous hydrogen peroxide; any inorganic acidity may be neutralized by means of, for example, sodium or calcium carbonate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US584971XA | 1943-04-23 | 1943-04-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB584971A true GB584971A (en) | 1947-01-28 |
Family
ID=22017182
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9683/44A Expired GB584971A (en) | 1943-04-23 | 1944-05-19 | Improvements relating to the preparation of polyol compositions |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB584971A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1057787A2 (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Denitrification promoter and a method of water treatment using the same |
EP1568677A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2005-08-31 | DAICEL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. | Polyglycerols, polyglycerol/fatty acid ester, and processes for producing these |
-
1944
- 1944-05-19 GB GB9683/44A patent/GB584971A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1057787A2 (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Denitrification promoter and a method of water treatment using the same |
EP1057787A3 (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2001-04-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Denitrification promoter and a method of water treatment using the same |
US6551511B1 (en) | 1999-05-31 | 2003-04-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. | Denitrification promoter and a method of water treatment using the same |
EP1568677A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2005-08-31 | DAICEL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. | Polyglycerols, polyglycerol/fatty acid ester, and processes for producing these |
EP1568677A4 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2006-06-28 | Daicel Chem | Polyglycerols, polyglycerol/fatty acid ester, and processes for producing these |
US7687649B2 (en) | 2002-11-28 | 2010-03-30 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polyglycerol, polyglycerol/fatty acid ester, and processes for producing these |
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