GB574382A - Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low density - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low densityInfo
- Publication number
- GB574382A GB574382A GB429743A GB429743A GB574382A GB 574382 A GB574382 A GB 574382A GB 429743 A GB429743 A GB 429743A GB 429743 A GB429743 A GB 429743A GB 574382 A GB574382 A GB 574382A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- alginate
- foamed
- sodium
- sulphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 34
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 27
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 abstract 27
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 abstract 26
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 24
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract 20
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 abstract 12
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 abstract 11
- 235000010407 ammonium alginate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 10
- 239000000728 ammonium alginate Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N ammonium alginate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N 0.000 abstract 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- AZXQLMRILCCVDW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5-propan-2-ylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(C(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1S([O-])(=O)=O AZXQLMRILCCVDW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000004295 calcium sulphite Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 abstract 6
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 abstract 6
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 abstract 6
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000011696 chromium(III) sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 235000015217 chromium(III) sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 5
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 amine alginate Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J chrome alum Chemical compound [K]OS(=O)(=O)O[Cr]1OS(=O)(=O)O1 OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- HSYFJDYGOJKZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;sulfite Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])=O HSYFJDYGOJKZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- PCOQKLFYWUVIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propan-2-ylnaphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=C2C(C(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 PCOQKLFYWUVIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
In the manufacture of set-foam cellular material from foamed alginate solution, a chromium salt is employed as a setting agent. The solution of alginate, which may be an alkali metal, ammonium or magnesium alginate or an amine alginate such as triethanolamine alginate or a mixture of these, is converted into a foam by aeration and while in the foamed state is converted into an insoluble form by addition of the chromium salt and thereafter dried. The chromium salt may be basic chromium sulphate or acetate, chrome-alum or normal chromium sulphate. The basic sulphate should be added in the form of a freshly boiled solution. A frothing agent such as sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate or saponin may be present in the alginate solution. Hard foams are obtained when sodium or ammonium alginate is employed and resilient foams when triethanolamine alginate is used; tough set foams are obtained when fibre such as wood pulp is incorporated in the alginate solution prior to foaming. A more rigid set foam is produced by using a mixture of basic or normal chromium sulphate and calcium sulphate or zinc sulphite as setting agent. Also, a foam of ammonium alginate can be mixed with calcium carbonate or sulphite and thereafter set with a mixture of a complex chromium salt, such as the normal sulphate and formaldehyde to give a hard set foam; the chromium salt in this case gives rigidity to the gelled foam during drying while the setting reaction between alginate, calcium compound and formaldehyde goes to completion. Another method of preparing hard foams comprises dissolving casein in alginate solution, foaming the solution, setting by addition of chromium salt and using sufficient formaldehyde or calcium compound or both to harden the casein; the proportion of casein may range up to 100 per cent of the weight of alginate. In examples: (1) a foamed solution of sodium alginate containing sodium isopropyl naphthalene as sulphonate as frothing agent was set by addition of a freshly boiled solution of basic chromium sulphate and a resilient material obtained upon drying; (2) a foamed solution containing ammonium and triethanolamine alginate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and kraft paper fibre was set by addition of freshly boiled basic chromium sulphate solution and after drying gave a tough slab resembling cork of density approximately 0.15; (3) as in example (2) above, but using triethanolamine alginate only; (4) to a stirred foamed solution of sodium alginate containing sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and sodium hexametaphosphate was added a quantity of anhydrite and the foam set by addition of chromium sulphate solution; a hard material was obtained on drying; (5) a foamed solution containing ammonium alginate, kraft paper pulp, calcium carbonate and saponin was set by the simultaneous addition of both a solution of formaldehyde and sodium hexametaphosphate and a solution of normal chromium sulphate; drying gave a hard slab of density 0.13; (6) a foamed solution containing ammonium alginate, kraft paper fibre, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and calcium sulphite was set by the simultaneous addition of both a solution containing formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde, and a solution of normal chromium sulphate; (7) a foamed solution comprising ammonium alginate, kraft paper fibre, casein (dissolved in sodium carbonate solution), saponin and calcium sulphite was set by the simultaneous addition of both a solution of formaldehyde and sodium hexametaphosphate and a solution of normal chromium sulphate; a very hard product, density 0.25, was obtained on drying. Specification 560,317 is referred to.ALSO:In the manufacture of set-foam cellular material from foamed alginate solutions, a chromium salt is employed as a setting agent. The solution of alginate which may be an alkali metal, ammonium or magnesium alginate or an amine alginate such as triethanolamine alginate or a mixture of these, is converted into a foam by aeration and while in the foamed state is converted into an insoluble form by addition of the chromium salt and thereafter dried. The chromium salt may be basic chromium sulphate or acetate, chrome-alum, or normal chromium sulphate; the basic sulphate should be added in the form of a freshly boiled solution. A frothing agent such as sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate or saponin may be present in the alginate solution. Hard foams are obtained when sodium or ammonium alginate is used; triethanolamine alginate forms resilient material: tough set-foams are obtained by incorporating fibre such as wood pulp in the alginate solution prior to foaming. A more rigid set-foam is produced by using a mixture of basic or normal chromium sulphate and calcium or zinc sulphite as setting agent. A hard set-foam is obtained by mixing calcium carbonate or sulphite with a foamed ammonium alginate solution and setting the foam by means of a mixture of a complex chromium salt such as the normal sulphate and formaldehyde. Another hard set-foamed alginate is prepared by dissolving casein in an alginate solution, foaming the solution, and setting by addition of a chromium salt and using sufficient formaldehyde or calcium compound or both to harden the casein; the proportion of casein may range up to 100 per cent of the weight of alginate. In examples: (1) a foamed solution of sodium alginate containing sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate as frothing agent, was set by addition of a freshly boiled solution of basic chromium alginate and dried to give a resilient material; (2) a foamed solution of ammonium and triethanolamine alginates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and containing kraft paper fibre was set by addition of freshly boiled basic chromium sulphate and after drying, a tough slab resembling cork was obtained of density 0.15; (3) a set foam was prepared and set as in (2) above using however triethanolamine alginate only; (4) to a foamed sodium alginate solution containing sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate and sodium hexametaphosphate, was added a quantity of anhydrite and the stirred foam, set by means of chromium sulphate solution, gave a hard material on drying; (5) a foamed solution containing ammonium alginate, kraft paper fibre, calcium carbonate and saponin was set by simultaneous addition of both a solution of formaldehyde and sodium hexametaphosphate and a solution of normal chromium sulphate; drying gave a hard slab of density 0.13; (6) a foamed alginate solution containing ammonium alginate, kraft paper fibre, calcium sulphite and sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate was set by the simultaneous addition of both a solution of normal chromium sulphate and a solution of formaldehyde and para-formaldehyde; (7) a foamed solution of ammonium alginate, kraft paper fibre, casein (dissolved in sodium carbonate solution), calcium sulphite and saponin was set by simultaneous addition of a both normal chromium sulphate solution and a solution of formaldehyde and sodium hexametaphosphate; a very hard product, density 0.25, was obtained on drying. Specification 560,317 is referred to.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB429743A GB574382A (en) | 1943-03-16 | 1943-03-16 | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low density |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB429743A GB574382A (en) | 1943-03-16 | 1943-03-16 | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low density |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB574382A true GB574382A (en) | 1946-01-03 |
Family
ID=9774500
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB429743A Expired GB574382A (en) | 1943-03-16 | 1943-03-16 | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low density |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB574382A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0747420A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-11 | Albany International Research Company | Method of producing polysaccharide foams |
-
1943
- 1943-03-16 GB GB429743A patent/GB574382A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0747420A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-11 | Albany International Research Company | Method of producing polysaccharide foams |
| AU708720B2 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-08-12 | Albany International Research Co. | Method of producing polysaccharide foams |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| GB1036792A (en) | Fertilizers | |
| US2862829A (en) | Manufacture of foamed gypsum and the like | |
| GB1139637A (en) | Process for the manufacture of low viscosity water-soluble cellulose ethers | |
| US3615784A (en) | Compositions for producing improved concrete | |
| US2598980A (en) | Magnesia cement products and their manufacture | |
| US2373401A (en) | Insulating material and method of making the same | |
| US3147128A (en) | Foamed magnesium oxysulfate cement and process | |
| US2806006A (en) | Phenol-formaldehyde resin and its method of preparation | |
| GB574382A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellular material of low density | |
| US3577248A (en) | Low molecular weight linear alkyl benzene sulfonate as frothing agents for gypsum board manufacture | |
| GB1443024A (en) | Melamine resin foam compositions | |
| US2731377A (en) | Cementitious composition and process of producing the same | |
| US1807810A (en) | John a | |
| GB756672A (en) | Cellular concrete | |
| US2957774A (en) | Gypsum composition | |
| GB560317A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of low-density cellular material | |
| US3560231A (en) | Preparation of foamed aluminum salt-fiber compositions | |
| US3282868A (en) | Horticulture container-composition and processes | |
| US1912702A (en) | Method of making aerated gypsum and resulting product | |
| GB723884A (en) | Improvements in or relating to synthetic resin adhesives | |
| US2030633A (en) | Adhesive composition and process of making the same | |
| ES310089A1 (en) | Method of and apparatus for the production of expanded aminoplasts and modification of the cellular structure thereof | |
| SU1326579A1 (en) | Composition for foam plastic | |
| GB674447A (en) | Improvements in and relating to an explosive containing urea-formaldehyde resin foam | |
| JPS56151733A (en) | Preparation of phenolic resin foam |