GB460356A - Improvements in and relating to electron discharge devices - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to electron discharge devicesInfo
- Publication number
- GB460356A GB460356A GB17586/36A GB1758636A GB460356A GB 460356 A GB460356 A GB 460356A GB 17586/36 A GB17586/36 A GB 17586/36A GB 1758636 A GB1758636 A GB 1758636A GB 460356 A GB460356 A GB 460356A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- field
- electrode
- potential
- grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium peroxide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][O-] ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
- H01J43/18—Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode
Landscapes
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
460,356. Discharge apparatus. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. June 24, 1936, No. 17586. Convention date, June 25, 1935. [Classes 39 (i) and 40 (v)] [Also in Group XXXVI] An electron multiplier has (a) a primary source emitting electrons which strike an emitter surface to liberate a larger number of secondary electrons, this operation being repeated to produce secondary electrons from surfaces at progressively increasing positive potentials, (b) a field electrode maintained at a uniform positive potential and producing a field normal to the emitter surfaces and (c) means for producing a magnetic field parallel to the emitter surfaces and transverse to the electron paths, the arrangement being such that when the potential on the field electrode is higher than that on any of the emitter surfaces, the field strength is the same at each surface ; preferably the field electrode is arranged closer to the emitter surface at the highest potential than to the surface at the lowest potential. As shown in Fig. 6, primary electrons from a concave photo-cathode 24 pass to a secondary emitting electrode 26 of high resistance, and the resulting secondary emission is collected by a cup-shaped anode 25. The field electrode 36 is mounted with one end nearer to the electrode 26 than the other, and may have a window for the passage of modulated light to the photo-cathode 24, and a curved part 37 to decrease charges on the envelope. A grid 35 of uniform mesh, connected with the cathode, may produce, with the field electrode 36 a variable mu effect in the accelerating field. An electromagnet 28 produces a transverse magnetic field. A screen grid (not shown), connected with the electrode 36, may be placed in front of the anode. The electrode 26 consists of a high resistance sheet or strip coated with secondary electron emitting material, and is connected with a potential divider 22 so that a difference of potential is maintained along it. The strip may consist of a thin film of nickel, molybdenum, or tungsten on a support of quartz, mica, porcelain, or glass known by the Registered Trade Mark " Pyrex ", or a glaze or enamel on a backing of metal connected through a condenser to earth. The coating may be caesium on oxidized silver. A molybdenum support may be sensitized with lithium borate by coating with a suspension of lithium borate in amylacetate, diethylcarbonate, or acetone containing a few drops of nitrocellulose ; barium peroxide may be used instead of lithium borate. Borates or silicates of barium or beryllium may also be used. In modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), the thickness of the metal plate is increased in steps, and the parts of the plate are connected separately with the potential divider. In another arrangement, Fig. 7 (not shown), the secondary emitting electrode consists of a number of plates of progressingly increasing width ; the plates may be mounted on an insulator or on an enamelled conducting plate. A potential divider, Fig. 9 (not shown), may be mounted in the envelope and consist of a coiled coil resistance wound with a varying pitch on a supporting rod. In a further arrangement, Fig. 11 (not shown), the secondary emitting electrode consists of a resistance strip and spaced plates. In the multiplier shown in Fig. 12, the secondary emitting plates 56 are mounted on an insulating tube 52, the photoelectrode 54 and the anode 55 consist of curved plates, and light is reflected by a curved plate 59 on to the photo-cathode 54. The field is produced by a cylinder 57 and a grid 58 formed of rods with progressively increasing pitch. Two coils, 51, producing a magnetic field, are mounted around the ends of the envelope. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 14, two beams from an indirectly-heated cathode 62 are focused by a grid 63 having side rods to which focusing plates 64 are attached, and secondary electrons pass along two rows of plates 65 to anodes 67, 69. The field electrode consists of a cylinder 68 of circular or other cross-section. The device may be used as a combined detector-oscillator and amplifier by connecting a tuned circuit 69<1> to one of the plates 65, the current oscillating by reason of the negative resistance through the plates, and an intermediate frequency being obtained in the output circuit 23. An input circuit 70 may be connected with the grid 63, or the grid may be kept at a constant potential, and the input applied to a winding between the two sections of the field winding 61. In the multiplier shown in Fig. 16, the secondary emitting plates 78 are mounted on each side of an insulating plate 77 which also carries the anode 79. The electrostatic field is produced by a curved plate 81 and a grid 82 formed of rods of varying pitch.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US28227A US2141322A (en) | 1935-06-25 | 1935-06-25 | Cascaded secondary electron emitter amplifier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB460356A true GB460356A (en) | 1937-01-26 |
Family
ID=21842249
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB17586/36A Expired GB460356A (en) | 1935-06-25 | 1936-06-24 | Improvements in and relating to electron discharge devices |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2141322A (en) |
FR (1) | FR807669A (en) |
GB (1) | GB460356A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE750000C (en) * | 1938-08-17 | 1944-12-12 | Process for the production of a layer of high secondary emissivity | |
DE745978C (en) * | 1938-07-28 | 1944-12-18 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of a very thin secondary emissive layer from alkali halides |
DE741966C (en) * | 1938-02-23 | 1953-02-09 | Siemens & Halske A G Berlin Un | Amplifier working according to the principle of electron multiplication by secondary emission |
DE875840C (en) * | 1939-01-21 | 1953-05-07 | Sueddeutsche Telefon App | Electron switch working with secondary emission |
DE751034C (en) * | 1937-02-16 | 1954-11-29 | Opta Radio A G | Secondary electron multiplier with photocathode and net-shaped impact electrodes |
DE1043526B (en) * | 1957-02-04 | 1958-11-13 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh | Secondary electron multiplier for scintillation measurements |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL51148C (en) * | 1937-01-30 | |||
NL48109C (en) * | 1937-02-23 | |||
DE884388C (en) * | 1939-02-01 | 1953-07-27 | Sueddeutsche Telefon App | Serial multiplier with a photocathode and with a transverse magnetic field |
FR959706A (en) * | 1941-07-25 | 1950-04-04 | ||
DE879426C (en) * | 1942-11-11 | 1953-06-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Space-enclosing electrode, e.g. B. box electrode, for electron multipliers |
US2433700A (en) * | 1943-11-04 | 1947-12-30 | Farnsworth Res Corp | Phototube multiplier |
US2460314A (en) * | 1944-03-15 | 1949-02-01 | Comb Control Corp | Apparatus for supervising heat generating means |
GB738482A (en) * | 1949-02-12 | 1955-10-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Improvements in or relating to electric discharge devices |
FR994545A (en) * | 1949-07-07 | 1951-11-19 | Csf | Electronic optical system for a beam propagating perpendicular to crossed magnetic and electric fields |
US2711289A (en) * | 1951-02-01 | 1955-06-21 | Rca Corp | Electronic simulator |
US2664515A (en) * | 1951-06-22 | 1953-12-29 | Lincoln G Smith | Magnetic electron multiplier |
US2768318A (en) * | 1952-10-03 | 1956-10-23 | Philco Corp | Screen structure for cathode ray tubes |
US2778944A (en) * | 1953-01-19 | 1957-01-22 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Electron multiplier |
US2841729A (en) * | 1955-09-01 | 1958-07-01 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Magnetic electron multiplier |
US2932768A (en) * | 1955-10-21 | 1960-04-12 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Magnetic electron multiplier |
US3148298A (en) * | 1962-01-09 | 1964-09-08 | Edgerton Germeshausen & Grier | Faraday shield suppressor for secondary emission current in crossed electric and magnetic field electronic tubes |
US3235765A (en) * | 1962-04-13 | 1966-02-15 | Bendix Corp | Electron multiplier having an inclined field |
NL294533A (en) * | 1962-06-26 | |||
US3432669A (en) * | 1967-01-12 | 1969-03-11 | Ibm | Noise cancellation circuit for a photomultiplier tube |
US3735184A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1973-05-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Continuous dynode channel type secondary electron multiplier |
FR2633346B1 (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1990-10-05 | Radiotechnique Compelec | DEVICE FOR HOLDING A LEG IN A SLOT FITTED IN A PLATE |
GB2236614B (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1994-07-20 | Murata Manufacturing Co | Secondary electron multiplying apparatus |
US5656807A (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-08-12 | Packard; Lyle E. | 360 degrees surround photon detector/electron multiplier with cylindrical photocathode defining an internal detection chamber |
US8601815B2 (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2013-12-10 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Method for generating, transmitting and receiving power |
-
1935
- 1935-06-25 US US28227A patent/US2141322A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1936
- 1936-06-16 FR FR807669D patent/FR807669A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-06-24 GB GB17586/36A patent/GB460356A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE751034C (en) * | 1937-02-16 | 1954-11-29 | Opta Radio A G | Secondary electron multiplier with photocathode and net-shaped impact electrodes |
DE741966C (en) * | 1938-02-23 | 1953-02-09 | Siemens & Halske A G Berlin Un | Amplifier working according to the principle of electron multiplication by secondary emission |
DE745978C (en) * | 1938-07-28 | 1944-12-18 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of a very thin secondary emissive layer from alkali halides |
DE750000C (en) * | 1938-08-17 | 1944-12-12 | Process for the production of a layer of high secondary emissivity | |
DE875840C (en) * | 1939-01-21 | 1953-05-07 | Sueddeutsche Telefon App | Electron switch working with secondary emission |
DE1043526B (en) * | 1957-02-04 | 1958-11-13 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh | Secondary electron multiplier for scintillation measurements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR807669A (en) | 1937-01-19 |
US2141322A (en) | 1938-12-27 |
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