GB439366A - Improvements in the manufacture and production of valuable hydrocarbons by the cracking or destructive hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Asphalt face oils and liquid cracking and destructive hydrogenation products are treated prior to hydrogenation and cracking by the addition of such an amount of dilute acid, e.g. dilute sulphuric hydrochloric nitric acids (up to 10 per cent strength) or weak organic acids, e.g. formic, acetic or sulphonic acids that the nitrogen bases, e.g. quinoline contained therein are dissolved but that the unsaturated constituents are not attacked, the acid solution being then separated. The amount of acid required may be ascertained by preliminary experiment. The subsequent cracking or destructive hydrogenation is carried out by heating the purified oils to 400--600 DEG C. and then passing them over catalysts, e.g. metals and their compounds of Groups 2--8 and particularly oxides, sulphides, and halides of the metals of Groups 5--8 or of copper, aluminium, tin, zinc and germanium. The catalysts may be applied to carriers, 1 part middle oil distilled from petroleum and containing 0,5 per cent nitrogen in the form of quinoline bases is treated with 2 parts of 10 per cent hydrochloric acid whereby the bases are removed in the form of hydrochlorides The purified oil is then heated to 460 DEG C., under hydrogen pressure of 200 atmospheres and passed over a catalyst comprising molybdic acid, zinc oxide and magnesia. Over 80 per cent yield of benzines boiling up to 180 DEG C. and containing 33 per cent of constituents boiling below 100 DEG C. is obtained.