GB439265A - Process for the production of valuable products from coal varieties, tars, mineral oils and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

In the production of oils of low boiling-point by the heat treatment of carbonaceous materials preferably in presence of hydrogen, e.g. by destructive hydrogenation or low-temperature carbonization, the treatment is carried out with the addition of solid carbonaceous material, which may be the initial material itself, into which halogen as such or as halogen halide has been incorporated by treatment of the added material with free halogen or anhydrous halogen halide, or when solid carbonaceous materials are used by pretreating these prior to the heat treatment with anhydrous halogen halide or with free halogen dissolved in an organic solvent, e.g. carbon tetrachloride. When treating brown coal it may be pretreated with halogen alone without solvent. Brown coal, which may be deashed by mechanical means or by acids, is treated at 20--50 DEG C. for 1--18 hours with bromine, iodine, or chlorine. Adsorbent materials, e.g. coke, charcoal, silica may be treated in a similar manner and then added to the coal which may be pretreated with gases and steam. Catalysts comprising metals of Groups 2--8 or their compounds may be added and solid metalloids, e.g. sulphur, arsenic, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, antimony, or their compounds. Ruhr coal suspended in water is treated with chlorine for 6 hours the coal absorbing 12 per cent chlorine. It is then washed, dried, and mixed with nine parts of bituminous coal, soaked in a solution of ammonium molybdate, and made into a paste with oil, which is arranged in thin layers on discs in an autoclave supplied with hydrogen under 250 atmospheres pressure and at 450 DEG C. Specification 306,564, [Class 32], is referred to.