GB422960A - Manufacture of improved textile elements and applications thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A textile element, obtained by assembling two or more rovings, each twisted in the same sense to such a degree that it can no longer readily be drawn out, and twisting the assembly in the opposite sense to such a degree that each roving is largely opened up, is subjected to treatment, without tension, with an acid or an alkali, preferably caustic soda, whereby the fibres are swollen and contracted in length, and such treatment may be applied before or after the elements have been woven or otherwise combined together or with elements of another type. The elements so treated may then be impregnated with a suspension, dispersion or solution of an elastic or plastic substance such as rubber or balata. Specified textile fibres treated are cotton, jute, flax, hemp and ramie. In examples (1) a roving of cotton fibre of specified dimensions is given a twist of 200 turns per metre (80 turns ordinary + 120 turns supplemental twist) to the right, a second similar twisted roving is placed parallel thereto and the assembly is given a twist of 200 turns per metre to the left; the whole is then soaked for 5--30 minutes in dilute caustic soda solution at 8--18 DEG C. and tables are given showing the increases of tensile strength and elasticity of the products obtained with the use of various strengths of caustic soda solution, temperatures and durations of treatment; (2) an assembly of 15 rovings of cotton of specified dimensions each having an ordinary twist of 800 turns and a supplemental twist of 690 turns in the same sense, is given a twist of 350 turns in the opposite sense; (3) an assembly of 2 rovings of cotton of specified dimensions, each having a twist of 140 turns per metre to the right, is given a twist of 140 turns per metre to the left. Impregnation of the textile elements or of the webs or fabrics prepared therefrom. The impregnation with rubber or other elastic or plastic material may be effected by application with a brush or in a calendering machine or by soaking, with or without the use of vacuum or pressure. In the case of rubber it is preferred to apply natural or concentrated latex containing all the ingredients necessary for vulcanization, e.g. by immersion, for about 4 hours at about 20 DEG C., and the latex is coagulated on the material by a volatile acid such as acetic acid, dried and vulcanized; tables are given showing the tensile strengths and elasticities of the impregnated products. The impregnated materials are applicable for making ropes, cords, fabrics, webbing, transmission and conveyer belts, hose and brake tubings, tarpaulins, sacks, fishing nets, shoe laces, card clothing, packings, brake blocks, pneumatic tyres, shoe soles, flexible transmission couplings, &c.