GB386669A - Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons

Info

Publication number
GB386669A
GB386669A GB1975531A GB1975531A GB386669A GB 386669 A GB386669 A GB 386669A GB 1975531 A GB1975531 A GB 1975531A GB 1975531 A GB1975531 A GB 1975531A GB 386669 A GB386669 A GB 386669A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
metals
alkali
liquid
oxides
liquid medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB1975531A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Original Assignee
Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC filed Critical Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
Priority to GB1975531A priority Critical patent/GB386669A/en
Publication of GB386669A publication Critical patent/GB386669A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C07C4/06—Catalytic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/10—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/40—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by indirect contact with preheated fluid other than hot combustion gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • C07C2521/04—Alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • C07C2521/08—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/12—Silica and alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/14—Silica and magnesia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/18—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
    • C07C2523/04—Alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of rare earths
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/12—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of actinides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/26—Chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/30—Tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/72—Copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/745—Iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/75—Cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/755—Nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C07C2527/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen
    • C07C2527/167—Phosphates or other compounds comprising the anion (PnO3n+1)(n+2)-
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/20—Carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/22—Carbides

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

Hydrocarbons are cracked by the action of catalysts dissolved or suspended in molten or liquid media comprising inorganic compounds. The hydrocarbons treated may be Russian or American petroleums, paraffin oils, ligroins, pentanes, butane, or propane, and may be admixed with indifferent gas such as nitrogen. The hydrocarbon may be passed in gaseous form through the liquid medium containing the catalyst, or the liquid hydrocarbon may be caused to drop or impinge upon the liquid medium. Where ethylene or other gaseous products are to be the principal products, ordinary or reduced pressure may be employed, while when liquid products suitable for motor spirit or lamp oils are desired pressure such as 50-200 atmospheres may be used. The liquid medium may be a mixture of alkali and/or alkaline-earth halides, and the catalysts mentioned are silicates such as magnesium and aluminium silicates alone or together with silicon or difficultly reducible oxides such as molybdenum and chromium oxides; silicon; difficultly reducible oxides such as oxides of calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, and the rare earth metals; aluminates, tungstates, vanadates, chromates and uranates of the alkali and alkaline-earth metals; silica, graphitic carbon, sulphur, metallic carbides such as calcium and iron carbides; metaphosphates and other phosphates of alkali, alkaline earth and heavy metals; and metals such as nickel, copper, iron, chromium and cobalt in powder or other form. The cracking may be effected at 500-1000 DEG C.ALSO:Hydrocarbons are cracked by the action of catalysts dissolved or suspended in molten or liquid media comprising inorganic compounds. The hydrocarbons treated may be Russian or American petroleums, paraffin oils, ligroins, pentanes, butane or propane, and may be admixed with indifferent gas such as nitrogen. The hydrocarbon may be passed in gaseous form through the liquid medium containing the catalyst, or the liquid hydrocarbon may be caused to drop or impinge upon the liquid medium. Where ethylene or other gaseous products are to be the principal products, ordinary or reduced pressure may be employed, whilst when liquid products suitable for motor spirit or lamp oils are desired, pressure such as 50-200 atmospheres may be used. The liquid medium may be a mixture of alkali and/or alkaline earth halides, and the catalysts mentioned are silicates such as magnesium and aluminium silicates alone or together with silicon or difficulty reducible oxides such as molybdenum and chromium oxides; silicon; difficulty reducible oxide such as oxides of calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, and the rare earth metals; aluminates, tungstates, vanadates, chromates and uranates of the alkali and alkaline earth-metals; silica, graphitic carbon, sulphur, metallic carbides such as calcium and iron carbides; metaphosphates and other phosphates of alkali, alkaline earth and heavy metals; and metals such as nickel, copper, iron, chromium and cobalt in powder or other form. The cracking may be effected at 500-1000 DEG C.
GB1975531A 1931-07-09 1931-07-09 Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons Expired GB386669A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1975531A GB386669A (en) 1931-07-09 1931-07-09 Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1975531A GB386669A (en) 1931-07-09 1931-07-09 Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB386669A true GB386669A (en) 1933-01-09

Family

ID=10134664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1975531A Expired GB386669A (en) 1931-07-09 1931-07-09 Improvements in or relating to the treatment or manufacture of hydrocarbons

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB386669A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2435196A (en) * 1946-03-02 1948-02-03 Houdry Process Corp Cracking of hydrocarbons with a beryllium phosphate catalyst
US2470193A (en) * 1940-12-31 1949-05-17 Texas Co Treatment of hydrocarbons
DE1135892B (en) * 1959-05-14 1962-09-06 Shell Int Research Process for the production of normally gaseous olefins
US3847797A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Visbreaking a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock in a regenerable molten medium
US3850742A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-11-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hydrocarbon cracking in a regenerable molten media
US3852188A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-12-03 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hydrocarbon cracking in a regenerable molten media

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2470193A (en) * 1940-12-31 1949-05-17 Texas Co Treatment of hydrocarbons
US2435196A (en) * 1946-03-02 1948-02-03 Houdry Process Corp Cracking of hydrocarbons with a beryllium phosphate catalyst
DE1135892B (en) * 1959-05-14 1962-09-06 Shell Int Research Process for the production of normally gaseous olefins
DE1262975B (en) * 1959-05-14 1968-03-14 Shell Int Research Device for carrying out endothermic chemical reactions at high temperatures with a melt as a heat carrier
US3847797A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Visbreaking a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock in a regenerable molten medium
US3850742A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-11-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hydrocarbon cracking in a regenerable molten media
US3852188A (en) * 1971-10-05 1974-12-03 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hydrocarbon cracking in a regenerable molten media

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