GB331940A - Method of and apparatus for cracking oil - Google Patents

Abstract

331,940. Florez, L. de. April 17, 1929. Hydrocarbons, cracking. - Oils supplied from a reservoir 10 are separated by distillation in a still 14 having a dephlegmating tower 16 into three fractions viz a light fraction which passes off through a pipe 17 a condenser 18 and receiving tank 19 to a storage tank 23, a medium fraction which passes through a pipe 24 and condenser 23 to a receiver 26, and a heavy residue which flows out through a pipe 53 to a storage tank 58. The middle fraction is pumped by a pump 28 to a receiver 30 from which it is fed to a cracking unit 36 comprising a preheating coil 37 and cracking coil 38 situated on opposite sides of a baffle 39 and joined by an expansion chamber 38a from which heavy oils may be withdrawn through a pipe 38b. The cracked products pass through a pipe 40 and a chamber 70 to a second still 41 where the cracked products are mixed with the heavy residues from the tank 58. The residues may be delivered to the still 41 by passing through the pipes 66, 67, or by passing through the pipes 55, 64 to a heat exchanger 44 and thence through the pipes 66 or 67. The oils in the still 41 are again divided into three fractions, the light fraction passing through a pipe 43, heat exchanger 44, condenser 45, and gas separator 46 to the tank 23; the middle fraction passing through the pipe 48 and condenser 49 to a receiver 50 from which it is pumped to the mixing tank 30 while the heavy residue is withdrawn to a receiver 69. A pipe 73 is provided connecting the pipe 13 with the pipe 55 and thence through a pipe 71 to the tank 70 so that crude oil may be pumped direct to the still 41, or residues separating in the tank 70 may be pumped through the pipe 13 to the still 14.