GB2616817A - Device and method for winding filaments onto a moveable mandrel - Google Patents

Device and method for winding filaments onto a moveable mandrel Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2616817A
GB2616817A GB0608587.2A GB0608587A GB2616817A GB 2616817 A GB2616817 A GB 2616817A GB 0608587 A GB0608587 A GB 0608587A GB 2616817 A GB2616817 A GB 2616817A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mandrel
filaments
longitudinal axis
winding
carriage
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Granted
Application number
GB0608587.2A
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GB2616817B (en
Inventor
Bäumer Thomas
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Enrichment Technology Co Ltd
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Enrichment Technology Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/24—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
    • B01D59/20—Separation by centrifuging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

A device for laying fibers onto a rotating and movable mandrel comprises a rotating mandrel 20 located on a carriage 40 which can be traversed in a machine bed 11. The device comprises two functional sections. A first guide thread 30 is positioned in a first functional section and the rotating mandrel can be moved along the first thread guide on the carriage in order to lay down filaments 21 on the mandrel in a first angle α relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel. The carriage, together with the mandrel, is then traversed into the section functional section in which at least one further guide thread 31 is positioned, so that filaments can be laid on the mandrel with this second guide thread in a second angle β relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel.

Description

Device and method for winding filaments onto a moveable mandrel
Description:
The invention relates to a device for winding filaments onto a mandrel, whereby the mandrel is rotatable relative to its longitudinal axis and the filaments can be laid on the mandrel by means of at least one thread guide. -The invention relates also to a method for winding filaments onto a mandrel.
In the technical field of enriching uranium several process principles for separating gas mixtures of U-235 and 13-238 are known. For example, a centrifugal process of industrial relevance uses gas ultracentrifuges with high circumferential velocities in order to enrich the lighter uranium isotope 13-235 in the inducted gas mixture. The rotors used for these gas centrifuges are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFP), for example. The CFP-tubes used for this purpose are usually manufactured in winders whose operating principle is based on lathes. Thereby, a mandrel is rotated on a machine bed, whereby the machine bed can be compared to a lathe.
Resin-impregnated fibers are laid on the mandrel by means of a thread guide mounted on a carriage. Thereby, the carriage with the thread guide is moved along the rotating mandrel and the fiber strand is laid down with an adequate thread eyelet. Thereby, different filament angles of 0-900 relative to the winding axis can be produced in the wound component.
Furthermore, winding machines are known which are built like portals. Thereby, thread guides, which are located underneath or behind the mandrel when bed machines are used, are positioned above the mandrel. This is advantageous, because resin which is dropping down can not contaminate the guide systems. However, when the known operating principles of machines are used, the moving thread guides on a moveable carriage are disadvantageous, because they are not accessible when the machine is operated.
In case the bobbin carriers with fibers are also mounted on the carriage, great masses have to be moved. Instead, if stationary bobbin systems are deployed, the conditions for unwinding filaments change continuously depending on the position of the carriage relative to the bobbin carrier, what requires complex constructions for implementing a constant fiber tension.
The more specialized winding processes get, the more specific 20, will the associated winding machines become. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,172,562 discloses a device for winding a plurality of filaments onto a mandrel simultaneously.
Thereby, a winding ring is used through which all filaments required for the respective winding are guided onto the mandrel. The winding can be effected by the rotation and longitudinal motion of the mandrel and/or the winding ring.
Furthermore, U.S. Patent Application No. 2003/0051795 Al discloses a winding device, which does not comprise a rotating mandrel, but a rotating ring of filament spools positioned around the mandrel. Thereby, the mandrel can be moved axially through the winding ring or the winding ring is moved along a stationary manarel,Frorn U.S. Patent No.
S
4,384,913 a winding principle with a stationary circular thread guide also is known, whereas a mandrel is axially guided through the circular thread guide.
These known methods with ring-shaped filament spool assemblies which a rotating mandrel is moved through, are not suited for the manufacture of winding tubes with at least two layers with different winding angles. However, at least two layers of filaments in different angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel are particularly required for manufacturing rotors for gas ultracentrifuges in order to produce a CFP-tube which withstands the special requirements when a centrifuge is operated.
The advantage of common principles of machines is that they can be used for all purposes. For example, if CFP-tubes with different dimensions, filaments or laminate structures are to be manufactured on a machine, this can be realized on common winding machines. However, these common devices involve several disadvantages, which, especially, the high contamination by resin and the involved cleaning belong to. Furthermore, the winding process is difficult to control because of the moving thread guides.
Therefore, it is an objective of the invention to provide a device for winding filaments onto a mandrel, which allows the ' easy control of the winding process, whereas the device should experience only minor contamination with resin and the remaining contamination can be removed easily. Thereby, the ' device should be suitable for manufacturing CFP-tubes for centrifuge rotors which comprise at least two layers of filaments in different angles relatiye to the longitudinal axis of the component.
It is an objective of the invention also to provide a method for winding filaments onto a mandrel, which avoids the disadvantages of common methods and is suited for * manufacturing CFP-tubes for centrifuge rotors which contain at least two layers of filaments in different angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the component According to the device according 10 advantageous and gleaned from the also achieved by advantageous and gleaned from the 15 invention, this objective is achieved by a to independent Claim 1. Additional practical embodiments of the device can be subordinate Claims 2-6. The objective is a method according to Claim 7. Additional practical embodiments of the method can be subordinate Claims 8-10.
A device for winding filaments onto a mandrel according to the invention provides a mandrel which is rotatable relative to its longitudinal axis and the filaments can be laid'on the mandrel by means of at least one thread guide. The device comprises a carriage, which the mandrel can be mounted on, whereby the carriage is movable in direction of the longitudinal axis of the mandrel in a machine bed and the ' mandrel is rotatably mounted on the carriage. The device comprises a drive, which can rotate the mandrel and can move the carriage together with the rotating mandrel along a first thread guide in a first section of the device. The carriage can be moved along a second thread guide in a second section of the device, whereby the respective thread guide is stationary during the winding process.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a controller for repeatedly moving the carriage along the thread guide-The movement of the carriage in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mandrel is terminable and reversible by means of the controller, as soon as a predefined position of the carriage relative to the thread guide has been reached.
In the first section of the device with the first thread guide the filaments can be laid on the mandrel in a first angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel, whereas in the second section of the device with the second 10 thread guide the filaments can be 'laid on the mandrel in a second angle p. Preferably, those two angles a and p differ from each other and the angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel lies between 0-45°, so that a criss-cross winding and helical winding, respectively, results. The angle p relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel lies between 45-900, so that a circumferential winding is wound in the second section of the device. Two thread guides can be provided for applying filaments in the form of a circumferential winding in the second section of the device.
Furthermore, the device comprises at least one stationary impregnating bath for impregnating filaments with resin and at least one stationary bobbin system for unwinding filaments.
The invention covers also a method for winding filaments onto a mandrel, whereby the mandrel rotates relative to its longitudinal axis and the filaments are laid on the mandrel by means of at least one thread guide. In a first section of the winding device the rotating mandrel is traversed along a first thread guide by means of a carriage in order to apply one or more layers of filaments to the mandrel in a first angle a relative to the loriatarBalfaxis of the mandrel. In a second section of the winding device the mandrel is moved along a second thread guide in order to apply one or more layers of filaments to the mandrel in an angle p relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel, whereby both angles a and 0 differ from each other. The method can be repeated several times and thereby a cylindrical hollow component with several layers of filaments in different angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel can be produced. Preferably, the filaments are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic.
By the winding device according to the invention and the corresponding method fundamental disadvantages of common winding machines can be avoided. It is one advantage of the invention, that the respective thread guide system, which is in use, can easily be monitored and controlled during the winding process. As the thread guide is stationary, it can be controlled by an operating person, what is hardly possible if a thread eyelet on a moving carriage is used. Furthermore, no complex adjustment of the thread guides is required, because the distance between the bobbin system and the thread guide always remains constant. Another advantage is the minor contamination of the device due to dropping or spattering resin even at high travel velocities. The degree of utilization of the machine can be increased, because only short cleaning cycles result from the minor contamination of the device. Furthermore, the two separated sections of the device yield the possibility to clean and maintain the thread guide of the helical winding or the circumferential winding during the winding process of the other filament layer, respectively.
Thereby, eilflaTTifing concept according to the invention enables a winding machine to have a maximum degree of utilization while causing a minimum of filament detonation when filaments are unwound and guided from the filament bobbin to the thread guide. The device according to the invention and the corresponding method are particularly suited for manufacturing components which always have the same laminate structure and the same geometry, whereby high standards for the component can be fulfiled. Therefore, the invention particularly brings along several advantages for the manufacture of tubes or tube members for rotors of gas centrifuges.
Additional advantages, special features and advantageous 15 refinements of the invention ensue from the subordinate claims and from the presentation below of preferred embodiments with reference to Figure 1.
A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 1. The device 10 comprises a mandrel 20 which is mounted on a moveable carriage 40. The mandrel can be rotated by means of a drive which is not illustrated, whereby the drive also moves the carriage 40 along several points 30, 31, and 32 of attachment of a fiber. On the carriage, the mandrel is clamped between two pivoted fixings which cause the mandrel to rotate, whilst it is traversed along the points of attachment of a fiber.
The carriage 40 can be traversed in the machine bed 11 by means of the drive, whereby the machine bed is divided into two sections. In a first section, the filaments are applied in the form of helix windings pr_criss-cross windings, whereby the filaments are 4agitin mandrel in an angle a
B
of about 0-45° relative to the longitudinal axis ot the mandrel. This section is illustrated exemplarily on the left side in Figure 1 and the filaments 21 are wound onto the mandrel with a first thread guide 30 in this section.
Preferably, the mandrel is here repeatedly traversed along the thread eyelet 30 for producing a filament layer, whereby *the motion of the carriage is terminated and reversed, as soon as the carriage has reached a. predefined position relative to the thread guide 30. Therefore, the first section of the device is at least long enough for clamping the mandrel and for moving the entire mandrel along the thread guide 30 once.
Preferably, the filaments 21 to be applied are unwound from a 15 bobbin system and guided through an impregnating bath which is filled with resin. In one embodiment, the impregnating bath is located behind the machine bed, however, the distance *between the impregnating bath and the thread guide 30 is as short as possible. The effort for Cleaning, can further be reduced due to the short distance. Preferably, the thread guide system is also located behind the machine bed and it is freely accessible. Thereby, a person can intervene even in the case of a filament deposition failure during the winding process without having to interrupt the winding process. For adjusting a desired fiber tension common roller assemblies can be employed. Resin can be wiped off from impregnated filaments by means of common wipers, too. Further resin wipers, which remove excess resin directly from the winding component, are arranged underneath the respective point of attachment of a fiber. Preferably, these wipers do not move together with the carriage, but are firmly connected to the device, so that they are always positioned underneath a point of attachment of a fiber. Preferably-the waste resin flows directly into a resin collection container positioned below. By this measure, the contamination of the machine can also be reduced.
Preferably, the thread eyelet 30 for applying criss-cross windings is designed in a way that the filament runs under a moveable roller 33 before it is laid on the mandrel, whereby the longitudinal axis of the roller forms an angle with the longitudinal axis of the mandrel. Since the filaments 21 used are often thin strands, these filament strands can evenly be applied to the mandrel in an angle by means of the roller 33. The thread eyelet 30 is controlled by a controller in a way that it is slightly lowered when the moving direction of the carriage 40 and thereby the moving direction of the mandrel 20 is reversed. Thereby, the end of the mandrel is wound without developing folds and plaids. Furthermore, the roller 33 turns by 90°, so that the filament strand 21 can now be laid on the mandrel in the other direction. Thereby, one or more layers of criss-cross windings can be wound onto the mandrel 20 in the first section of the device.
Upon completion of the cries-cross winding, the rotation of the mandrel 20 is halted, the filament strand 21 is cut and the carriage 40 is traversed together with the mandrel into the second section of the device. In the second section, which is illustrated exemplarily on the right side in Figure 1, one or more layers in the form of circumferential windings are applied with a second thread guide 31. Therefore, the machine bed 11 has an adequate length in order to apply the criss-cross windings as well as the circumferential windings in a single device. Thereby, the device is not required to have twice the length of the carriage 40, but it is sufficient, if the second thx'deadxBUider:31 is positioned next to the first thread guide' 30 having a distance in between. However, for the thread guides to be accessible during the winding process in the other section, respectively, it might be advantageous to build the machine bed with twice the length of the carriage 40.
For applying a circumferential winding in the second section of the device at least one second thread guide 31 is provided, which filament strands are laid on the mandrel through. Preferably, two thread guides 31 und 32 are located in the second section for simultaneously applying filaments in an angle p of about 45-900 relative to the winding axis. Since the filament tape 21 is preferably applied in an angle of 90° relative to the winding axis for a circumferential winding, the thread guides 31 and 32 can be common rollers, which lay down filaments on the mandrel without any further guidance.
During the appliance of circumferential windings the thread guide 30 for the helical layers is freely accessible and can be cleaned or maintained, for example. The mandrel is repeatedly moved along the thread guides 31 and 32 and the filament strand is cut after the circumferential winding is finished. Thereupon, the carriage 40 is preferably traversed into the first section of the device again and a second layer of criss-cross windings is applied as described before. During the appliance of this helical layer the thread guide for the circumferential winding can be cleaned and maintained in turn.
The process of alternately applying criss-cross windings and circumferential windings can be repeated in both sections of the device until a component with a desired thickness and -a desired laminate structure has been manufactured.
List of Reference Numerals: Winding machine 11 Machine bed Mandrel 21 Filament, fiber, fiber strand 30,31,32 Thread guide, thread eyelet, of fiber point of attachment 33 Roller of a thread guide 40 Carriage

Claims (10)

  1. Claims: 1. Device for winding filaments (21) onto a mandrel (20), whereby the mandrel is rotatable relative to its longitudinal axis and the filaments can be laid on the mandrel (20) by means of at least one thread guide, characterized in that the device (10) comprises a carriage (40) on which the mandrel (20) can be mounted, whereby the carriage (40) is moveable in a machine bed (11) in the direction of the * longitudinal axis of the mandrel and the mandrel (20) can * be rotated on the carriage (40), and that the device comprises a drive, which can rotate the mandrel (20) and which can traverse the carriage (40) together with the rotating mandrel (20) along a first thread guide (30) in a first section of the device, and that the carriage (40) with the mandrel (20) can be moved along a second thread guide (31) in a second section of the device, whereby the respective thread guide (30;31) is stationary during the winding process.
  2. 2 Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises a controller for repeatedly 25, traversing the carriage (40) along a thread guide (30;31), whereby the movement of the carriage (40) in the * direction of the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20) can be terminated and reversed, as soon as a predefined position of the carriage (40) relative to the thread guide (30;31) has been reached.
  3. 3. Device according to one or both of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the first section of the device with the first thtead guide (30) filaments (21) can be applied to the mandrel (20) in a first angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20), whereas in the second section of the S device with the second thread guide (31) filaments (21) can be applied in a second angle p relative to the-longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20), whereby both angles a and p differ from each other.
  4. 4. Device according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel lies between 0-45° (criss-cross winding), whereas the angle p relative to the longitUdinal axis of the mandrel lies between 45-90° (circumferential winding).
  5. 5. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that in the second section two thread guides (31) and (32) are provided for applying filaments (21) in the form of circumferential windings.
  6. 6. Device according to one or more Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device comprises at least one stationary impregnating bath for impregnating filaments (21) with resin and at least one stationary bobbin system for unwinding filaments (21).
  7. 7. Method for winding filaments (21) onto a mandrel (20), whereby the mandrel rotates relative to its longitudinal axis and the filaments are laid on the mandrel (20) by means of at least one thffegiarlititee (30), characterized in that the rotating mandrel (20) is traversed along a first thread guide (30) in a first section of a winding device by means of a carriage (40) in order to apply one or more layers of filaments (21) in a first angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20), and that the mandrel (20) is traversed along a second thread guide (31) in a second section of the winding device in order to apply one or more layers of filaments (21) in a second angle p relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20), whereby both angles a and p differ from each other.
  8. 8. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel lies between 0-45° (criss-cross winding), whereas the angle p relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel lies between 45-90° (circumferential winding).
  9. 9. Method according to one or both of Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the method is repeated several times and a cylindrical hollow body with a plurality of layers of filaments (21) in different angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (20) is manufactured.
  10. 10. Method according to one or more of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that that the filaments (21) are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFP).
GB0608587.2A 2005-05-03 2006-04-27 Device and method for winding filaments onto a moveable mandrel Active GB2616817B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005020369.8A DE102005020369B3 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Device and method for winding fibers onto a movable mandrel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2616817A true GB2616817A (en) 2023-09-27
GB2616817B GB2616817B (en) 2024-03-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0608587.2A Active GB2616817B (en) 2005-05-03 2006-04-27 Device and method for winding filaments onto a moveable mandrel

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DE (1) DE102005020369B3 (en)
GB (1) GB2616817B (en)
NL (1) NL1031790B1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1447112A (en) * 1973-02-06 1976-08-25 Post Office Manufacture of waveguides

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE364667B (en) 1972-03-27 1974-03-04 Ottosson & Co Brdr
US4172562A (en) 1976-12-23 1979-10-30 Union Carbide Corporation Process for winding filaments on a mandrel
US4384913A (en) 1979-09-25 1983-05-24 Ameron, Inc. Mandrel for filament winding of plastic articles
US4323408A (en) 1979-09-25 1982-04-06 Ameron, Inc. Filament winding of plastic articles
DE3029890C2 (en) 1980-08-07 1985-09-12 Uranit GmbH, 5170 Jülich Method and device for producing fiber-reinforced wound bodies
DE19736575C5 (en) 1997-08-22 2007-07-19 Xperion Gmbh Plastic roller, method for producing the same and apparatus for carrying out the method
US6491773B1 (en) * 2000-01-24 2002-12-10 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Position-controlled tensioner system
US20030051795A1 (en) 2001-05-29 2003-03-20 Burgess Keith E. Over-wrapping a primary filament to fabricate a composite material
ES2212878B1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2005-07-16 Manuel Torres Martinez MULTI-APPLICATOR HEAD OF FIBER STRIPS.
US6994324B2 (en) * 2003-05-02 2006-02-07 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Fiber redirect system, multi-axis robotic wrist and fiber placement apparatus incorporating same and related methods

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1447112A (en) * 1973-02-06 1976-08-25 Post Office Manufacture of waveguides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1031790A (en) 2019-12-04
NL1031790B1 (en) 2020-08-14
GB2616817B (en) 2024-03-06
DE102005020369B3 (en) 2023-08-31

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