GB2614231A

GB2614231A - Nose breathing testing device

Info

Publication number: GB2614231A
Application number: GB2116733.3A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Ibrahim Younouss Abdelhamid; Grigorovich Avrunin Oleg; Ali Saleh Alofie Bander; V Semenets Valerii; O Shushlyapina Natalia
Original assignee: Kharkiv National Univ Of Radio Electronics
Current assignee: Kharkiv National Univ Of Radio Electronics
Priority date: 2021-11-19
Filing date: 2021-11-19
Publication date: 2023-07-05
Also published as: GB202116733D0

Abstract

A device for testing nasal breathing comprises a series-connected breathing mask 1, a sensor 2 of the difference in air flow pressure and a mouthpiece 3. Sensors 5, 6 measure the difference in air flow pressure. The check valve 4, sensors 5, 6 and the sensor 7 air flow are connected to the air vent mask 1, the outputs of the sensors 2, 5, 6 and the air flow sensor 7 are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 8, the first output and fifth input of which are connected respectively with PC input and output 9. The PC performs data analysis to determine the relationship between the pressure difference at the entrance to the nasal passages and the pressure in the oral cavity during the cycle of inspiration.

Description

Intellectual Property Office Application No GI32116733 1 RTM Date May 2022 The following terms are registered trade marks and should be read as such wherever they occur in this document: Motorola Intellectual Property Office is an operating name of the Patent Office www.gov.uk/ipo Known rhinopneumometer (Pat. Of Ukraine N2 50463A, IPC A61V5 / 08, bul. N2 10, 2002), consisting of a housing (black box), an air intake tube in the form of a capillary, a pressure sensor, and a recording device. In this case, the air intake tube is made straight, has a length and diameter of not more than 40 mm and 0.8 mm, respectively, and is rigidly connected to the pressure sensor to which the signal amplifier is connected.

However, in this rhinopneumometer it is impossible to measure the speed and flow of air and determine the aerodynamic resistance of the upper respiratory tract, which reduces the effectiveness of the diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders.

The closest to the set of features is a device for determining the air conductivity of the nose (AS SRSR N2 1076084 A, MPK A61V5 / 08, 1984, bul. .1\12 8), containing a series-connected breathing mask, a sensor of the difference in air flow pressure and mouthpiece, as well as a pressure measuring unit, the inputs of which are connected to the pressure difference sensor, an air flow rate sensor located at the respiratory inlet of the mask, and a two-coordinate recording device, the inputs of which are connected to the pressure measuring unit and air flow sensor.

However, in this device, the assessment of the aerodynamic drag of the upper respiratory tract can be estimated only approximately, as it does not measure the flow of air passing through the nasal cavity, which reduces the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders.

The invention is based on the task of creating a device for testing nasal breathing, which would allow the use of air flow sensor, check valve and additional air pressure differential pressure sensors to increase the accuracy of measurement of aerodynamic parameters of the upper respiratory tract and increase the efficiency of diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders.

This technical result can be achieved if in the device for testing nasal breathing, which contains a series-connected breathing mask, air pressure difference sensor and mouthpiece, according to the invention, a check valve, air flow pressure difference sensors, air flow sensor, analog -digital transducer and PC, with non-return valve, air flow pressure difference sensor and air flow sensor connected to the air vent of the breathing mask, the outputs of the air flow pressure difference sensor and the air flow sensor are connected to the first, second, third and the fourth inputs of the analog-todigital converter, the first output and the fifth input of which are respectively connected to the input and output of the PC.

Thus, due to the use in the device for testing nasal breathing air flow sensor, check valve and additional air pressure differential pressure sensors, the accuracy of measuring the aerodynamic parameters of the upper respiratory tract and increase the efficiency of diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders.

In Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a device for testing nasal breathing; in Fig. 2 is a photographic image of a prototype device for testing nasal breathing.

The device for testing nasal breathing comprises a series-connected breathing mask 1, a sensor 2 of the difference in air flow pressure and a mouthpiece 3, while the check valve 4, the sensors 5, 6 of the difference in air flow pressure and the sensor 7 air flow are connected to the air vent mask 1, the outputs of the sensors 2, 5, 6 of the pressure difference of the air flow and the air flow sensor 7 are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 8, the first output and fifth input of which are connected respectively with PC input and output 9.

The device works as follows: the breathing mask I (see Fig. I and 2.) tightly (hermetically) put on the patient's face, the mouthpiece 3 is installed in the oral cavity. Differential pressure sensors Motorola MPX5010DP are used as sensors 2, 5 and 6 of a difference of pressure of a stream of air. Positive differential air inlets of air flow pressure sensors 2 and 5 and negative differential air inlet of air flow pressure sensor 6 are connected to the external air opening of the breathing mask 1 through the tube, while the negative differential air inlet of the sensor 2 is connected to the mouthpiece 3. Thus 2 air flow pressure difference measures the difference between the pressure at the entrance to the nasal passages and the pressure in the oral cavity during the inhalation cycle. The air flow pressure difference sensors 5 and 6 are indicators of the exhalation and inspiration cycles, respectively. The sensor 7 air flow, connected to the outer air hole of the breathing mask 1, allows you to measure the air flow during the inspiratory cycle (in 1,/ s) and implemented as a diffttser with an inlet diameter of approximately 6 ÷ 8 mm, to which is connected a negative differential air inlet differential pressure sensor MPX5010DP. Also, to the outer air hole of the breathing mask I is connected a check valve 4, the use of which allows the patient to facilitate the exhalation cycle with high aerodynamic resistance of the sensor 7 air flow. The electrical outputs of the sensors 2, 5 and 6, the pressure difference between the air flow and the air flow sensor 7 are connected to the inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 8 LCard E-14-140, in which the output of digital 14-bit signals transfer via USB to PC 9 in asynchronous mode. The PC 9 performs data analysis to determine the relationship between the pressure difference Ap at the entrance to the nasal passages and the pressure in the oral cavity during the cycle of inspiration from air flow Q: Ap = I (0) and determining the aerodynamic drag of the upper respiratory tract: R = 0) When using this device for the diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders in the otorhinolaryngological department of the Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital, the values of aerodynamic drag /2 of the upper respiratory tract ranged from 150 Pa / (1 / s) to 350 Pa / (1 s) (a total of 76 patients with various forms were examined nasal breathing disorders and without disorders). The value of aerodynamic drag R increased with complicated nasal breathing.

The use of this device allows you to objectively assess the aerodynamic properties of the nasal cavity and increase the efficiency of diagnosis of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The exact influence of the type of pathology of the upper respiratory tract on the characteristics of their aerodynamic drag requires further research.

Introduction to the proposed research (device)

The human respiratory airway undergoes significant growth during infancy and childhood, which results in significant variability in the airflow pattern and particulate deposition. The nasal airways occupy a limited space, measuring approximately 10 cm from front to back and with a main cavity height of about 5 cm from top to bottom. Unobstructed air passages as well as adequate contact of airflow with the mucous membrane are essential for proper nasal function. Therefore, the phenomenon of local flow, which often cannot be determined by standard diagnostic methods, is important. The results will demonstrate that the intimate relationship between nose shape and flow can be explored in greater detail than has been possible until now. By outlining means of comparing complex duct geometry and demonstrating the effects of rational geometric simplification on flow structure, this work presents a new approach to studies of how natural ducts are routed and controlled for flow. The concepts and tools address issues that are thus general to flow studies in other physiological systems. The idea is to examine the breathing of people from different regions according to the structures of their skull (as in Picture 1), they will be considered. This can be explained by some others in the physiology of nasal breathing, which can be related to cross-sectional anatomy. These differences are important factors for knowing and understanding the dynamics of airflow, by measuring specific distances that help us understand the different changes in the size of the passage, the different structural composition and thickness of each vein such as the index of the skull, nasal cavity, and nasal bones.

a -The main airflow comes through the upper nasal passage.

b -The main airflow comes through the lower nasal passage.

Claims

The aim of the research and the device features: I. As a diagnostic device for the sinus and upper respiratory tract, the best options were CT scans, but the obstacle was that it was too dangerous for patients to have CT scans frequently so we developed this device that we can safely repeat the diagnosis at any time and without any risk.
2. It is considered less expensive than a CT scan. It is enough to perform a onetime examination and repeat the diagnosis with the proposed device.
3. This diagnostic combination between the results of CT scans and nasal spirometry is the first of its kind and has proven its effectiveness, success, and accuracy of results.
4. There are no side effects of using the device.