GB2612058A

GB2612058A - Modules for modular buildings

Info

Publication number: GB2612058A
Application number: GB2115029.7A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Couch Adam; Willetts Adam; Ashenden James
Original assignee: Modulous Ltd
Current assignee: Modulous Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-20
Filing date: 2021-10-20
Publication date: 2023-04-26
Also published as: WO2023067346A1; GB202115029D0

Abstract

A module for use in a modular building, the module comprising: a floor potion; and a plurality of support posts extending upwards from the floor portion, wherein the module is connectable to a second same module such that a ceiling of the module nests within the floor portion of the second same module. The support posts may be offset from the corners of the modules.

Description

MODULES FOR MODULAR BUILDINGS

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present application relates to module units for using in modular buildings, exterior wall sections for said modules, methods of assembling said modules and said exterior wall sections, modular buildings made from said modules and methods for assembling said modular buildings.

Background to the Invention

[0002] Modular buildings are an increasingly popular alternative to buildings constructed according to more traditional designs. A modular building is constructed by assembling plurality of individual units, or 'modules' and connecting them vertically and laterally to erect the modular building. In some examples, the individual modules may be prefabricated at a factory site -or other suitable location -and then transported to the construction site so that the modular building may be assembled. This may increase transport costs because of the very large size-to-weight ratio making haulage costs inefficient [0003] In other examples, the components of the modules may be delivered to the construction site for assembly. In conventional modular buildings, modules are assembled from inside the modules. This may be inconvenient because an exit route out of the module may need to be left for people involve in assembling the module.

[0004] Further, in conventional modular buildings, modules may be connected from outside the modules. This can be costly and/or dangerous and may require scaffolding and involve construction workforce working outdoors at height [0005] Further, in conventional modular buildings, there exists a clearance space between the ceiling of a lower module and the floor of a module immediately above said lower module. In situations where there are constraints on the overall height of the building, due for example to construction regulations or dangerously high winds at height this may result in a reduction in the number of modules that can be stacked atop one another to construct the modular building or may involve reducing the floor-to-ceiling space within a module to compensate for the clearance space.

[0006] The inventors have devised the claimed invention in light of the above considerations.

[0007] The embodiments described below are not limited to implementations which solve any or all of the disadvantages of the known approaches described above.

Summary of Invention

[0008] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This S ummary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter; variants and alternative features which facilitate the working of the invention and/or serve to achieve a substantially similar technical effect should be considered as falling into the scope of the invention.

[0009] The invention is defined as set out in the appended set of claims.

[0010] In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a module for use in a modular building, the module comprising: a floor portion; and a plurality of support posts extending upwards from the floor portion, wherein the module is connectable to a second same module such that a ceiling of the module nests within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0011] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an aparbrnent made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ceiling of the module may simply be boarding across an upper portion of the module. In other words, while the floor portion -as is discussed below -may include a frame, a slab or other similar physical component the ceiling of the module may be defined by internal, i.e. non-structural, elements. This may allow the overall weight of the module to be reduced which may allow for reduction of materials needed to construct a modular building and facilitate the construction of relatively taller modular buildings.

[0013] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of support posts are offset from corners of the floor portion.

[0014] By providing the support posts offset from the corners, the number of support posts required for each module may be reduced. For example, in some embodiments, the columns are located along a pair of mutually opposing sides of the floor portion. In instances where the support posts are located on the corners of the floor portion, the distance between the support posts may be such that additional columns are required at positions between the corners to provide further structural support for any beam or structure that the columns are supporting. In other words, a beam (or other structure) that is spanning the plurality of columns may only be able to span a certain distance before additional support posts are required to prevent degradation in the structural performance of the supported beam(s)/structure(s). By placing the support posts offset from the corners, it is possible to provide cantilevered support for beam(s)/structure(s) disposed thereon, thereby reducing the number of support posts required in the module. This accordingly, reduces the number of steps in the assembly of such modules and reduces the material costs associated with each module.

[0015] Further, locating the support post offset from the corners reduces the parasitic effect of thermal bridging in modular building that have been constructed using the modules described herein. By offsetting the support posts from the corners, it is possible to ensure that there are no support posts in contact with external walls of a modular building. In some examples, each of the plurality of support posts may be formed from steel or another suitably strong material. Typically, such materials -in particular steel -are good conductors of heat By not having such support posts in external walls, the support posts are less exposed to the outside environment and thereby reduces the extent of thermal bridging through the modular building.

[0016] In another aspect there is provided a module for use in a modular building, the module comprising: a floor portion; and a plurality of support posts extending upwards from the floor portion, wherein each of the plurality of support posts are offset from corners of the floor portion.

[0017] As discussed above, by placing the plurality of support posts offset from the corners of the floor portion, the effect of thermal bridging between connected modules are reduced and the material costs associated with each module may be reduced.

[0018] In some embodiment, the module may be connectable to a second same module such that a ceiling of the module nests within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0019] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartment made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0020] In some embodiment, the ceiling of the module may simply be boarding across an upper portion of the module. In other words, while the floor portion -as is discussed below -may include a frame, a slab or other similar physical component the ceiling of the module may be defined by internal, i.e, non-structural, elements. This may allow the overall weight of the module to be reduced which may allow for reduction of materials needed to construct a modular building and facilitate the construction of relatively taller modular buildings.

[0021] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of support posts may be connected to the floor portion at an edge of the floor portion.

[0022] In this way, there may be greater flexibihty for the arrangement of structural and/or decorative components within the module because there are no requirements to design the interior of the module around support posts occupying an interior position of the module. In other words, by confining the support posts to a perimetral region of the module, the capacity of the interior portion of the module for other components (e.g. interior walls) is increased, and with increased design freedom.

[0023] In some embodiments, the floor portion may be a unitary slab.

[0024] In this way, the assembly of the module may be simplified and the cost reduced because the floor portion is "ready-made" in that it is a single unitary component.

[0025] In some embodiments, the floor portion may comprise a perimetral frame.

[0026] The perimetral frame may define a halo-like structure defining the boundary of the floor portion. In this way, the overall weight of the module may be reduced relative to other embodiments. For example a floor portion defined, at least in part, by a perimetral frame may be lighter than a unitary slab. This may facilitate the construction of taller modular buildings due to the reduced weight of the modules and/or may reduce the cost of (i) assembly of the modules and (ii) construction of modular buildings due to the lighter components which make the lifting of the modules easier and safer. Additionally, it may be easier to transport large quantities of a lightweight frame than a unitary slab, thereby reducing the haulage requirements to deliver the necessary components to a construction site or assembly site for the construction of a modular building and/or assembly of a module.

[0027] In some embodiments, the floor portion may further comprise one or more panels, insertable into the perimetal frame to fill an interior space of the frame.

[0028] For example, the one or more panels may be light-gauge steel (LGS) panels. LGS panels may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The gauge of the steel may be chosen to suit the particular structural performance requirements of each panel. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material. The boarding material may be used to form internal and external boarding in a variety of types, layers and combinations to suit the particular requirements of each panel. For example, there may be requirements associated with fire protection requirements, acoustic insulation, wet area requirements, and/or external sheathing. Additionally, the LGS panels may comprises insulation between the internal and external boarding. The insulation may be formed, for example, from rock mineral wool or another suitable material, with the type and width of the insulation varied according to the performance criteria of each panel. In some examples, there may also be one or more LGS studs laterally crossing an interior space of each LGS panel. By using LGS panels to fill the interior space of the frame, it is possible to assemble the LGS panels without the floor halo present, thus improving the efficiency of the construction of the components of the module. This is because the LGS panels can be constructed and assembled independently of and separately from the perimetral frame.

[0029] In some embodiments, embodiment, the floor portion may further comprise a plurality of supporting bars, insertable into the perimetral frame to laterally cross the frame.

[0030] For example, the plurality of supporting bars may be a plurality of LGS studs, similar to those used in the LGS panels of alternative embodiments. By assembling an LGS floor frame directly within the perimetral frame, the overall quantity of raw materials (in terms of light-gauge steel) is reduced relative to the amount of resources required for the LGS panels of altemative embodiments. Additionally, individual LGS studs may be easier to manufacture and transport than the LGS panels of alternative embodiments.

[0031] In general selecting between LGS studs and LGS panels is a decision that balances a variety of factors as each solution can be seen to have its respective technical benefit.

[0032] In some embodiment, an interior space of the perimetral frame is filled with a decking section.

[0033] The decking may, for example, be a metal deck such as a Lewis deck or similar. The deck may provide lightweight and strong structural reinforcement to increase the load bearing capacity of the floor portion.

[0034] In some embodiment, the perimetal frame may be defined by a plurality of parallel flange channels.

[0035] The parallel flange channels (P FC s) may provide an increased load bearing capacity, and increased strength and durability to the perimetral frame.

[0036] In some embodiment, each of the parallel flange channels may include a pair of flanges connected to a web, and the respective pair of flanges of one or more of the parallel flange channels may extend away from the respective web in a direction away from an interior space of the frame.

[0037] In typical implementations of a PFC, the flanges of the PFCs extend inwards from the respective webs such that the webs are part of one or more outer faces/edges of the module (or similar structural body comprising the PFC). However, as discussed above, in some embodiments the flanges of the PFCs extend outwards from the respective webs. As discuss below, when assembling the modules, additional components may be connected to the perimetal frame by connecting them to the flanges of the PFCs. For example, the components -such as support posts and/or wall sections -may be secured by one or more bolts/screws extending through one of the flanges. By inverting the PFCs such that the flanges extend outwards, it is made possible to secure these components to the flanges from outside the module. This simplifies the assembly process because the floor section can be fully assembled at any time (i.e. before, after, or simultaneously with) relative to connecting the additional components to the flange(s) of the PFCs. In contrast in typical configurations where the PFC flanges extend inwards, the additional components can only be connected to the channels from within the module structure -this adds complexity to the assembly process because it requires the PFCs to be fully accessible until after all connections have been completed. Meanwhile, the present embodiment allows for much more flexibility and may facilitate ad hoc adjustments, even after the flooring section has been covered with, for example, internal boarding.

[0038] In another aspect there is provided a module for use in a modular building, the module comprising: a floor portion comprising a perimetral frame; and a plurality of support posts extending upward from the frame, wherein the perimetral frame is defined by a plurality of parallel flange channels, each parallel flange channel including a pair of flanges connected to a web, and wherein the respective pair of flanges of one or more of the parallel flange channels extends away from the respective web in a direction away from an interior space of the frame.

[0039] The perimetral frame may define a halo-like structure defining the boundary of the floor portion. In this way, the overall weight of the module may be reduced relative to other embodiments. For example a floor portion defined, at least in part, by a perimetral frame may be lighter than a unitary slab. This may facilitate the construction of taller modular buildings due to the reduced weight of the modules and/or may reduce the cost of (i) assembly of the modules and (ii) construction of modular buildings due to the lighter components which make the lifting of the modules easier and safer. Additionally, it may be easier to transport large quantities of a lightweight frame than a unitary slab, thereby reducing the haulage requirements to deliver the necessary components to a construction site or assembly site for the construction of a modular building and/or assembly of a module.

[0040] The parallel flange channels (PFCs) may provide an increased load bearing capacity, and increased strength and durability to the perimetral frame.

[0041] In typical implementations of a PFC, the flanges of the PFCs extend inwards from the respective webs such that the webs are part of one or more outer faces/edges of the module (or similar structural body comprising the PFC). However, as discussed above, in some embodiments the flanges of the PFCs extend outwards from the respective webs. As discuss below, when assembling the modules, additional components may be connected to the perimetal frame by connecting them to the flanges of the PFCs. For example, the components -such as support posts and/or wall sections -may be secured by one or more bolts/screws extending through one of the flanges. By inverting the PFCs such that the flanges extend outwards, it is made possible to secure these components to the flanges from outside the module. This simplifies the assembly process because the floor section can be fully assembled at any time (i.e. before, after, or simultaneously with) relative to connecting the additional components to the flange(s) of the PFCs. In contrast in typical configurations where the PFC flanges extend inwards, the additional components can only be connected to the channels from within the module structure -this adds complexity to the assembly process because it requires the PFCs to be fully accessible until after all connections have been completed. Meanwhile, the present embodiment allows for much more flexibility and may facilitate ad hoc adjustments, even after the flooring section has been covered with, for example, internal boarding.

[0042] In some embodiments, the module may be connectable to a second same module such that a ceiling of the module nests within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0043] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartment made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0044] In some embodiment, the ceiling of the module may simply be boarding across an upper portion of the module. In other words, while the floor portion -as is discussed below -may include a frame, a slab or other similar physical component the ceiling of the module may be defined by internal, i.e. non-structural, elements. This may allow the overall weight of the module to be reduced which may allow for reduction of materials needed to consffuct a modular building and facilitate the construction of relatively taller modular buildings.

[0045] In some embodiment, each of the plurality of support posts may be offset from corners of the floor portion.

[0046] As discussed above, by placing the plurality of support posts offset from the corners of the floor portion, the effect of thermal bridging between connected modules are reduced and the material costs associated with each module may be reduced.

[0047] In some embodiments, the floor portion may further comprise one or more panels, insertable into the perimetral frame to fill an interior space of the frame.

[0048] For example, the one or more panels may be light-gauge steel (LGS) panels. LGS panels may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material and insulation as discussed above. In some examples, there may also be one or more LGS studs laterally crossing an interior space of each LGS panel. By using LGS panels to fill the interior space of the frame, it is possible to assemble the LGS panels without the floor halo present, thus improving the efficiency of the construction of the components of the module. This is because the LGS panels can be constructed and assembled independently of and separately from the perimetral frame.

[0049] In some embodiment, the floor portion may further comprise a plurality of supporting bars, insertable into the perimetral frame to laterally cross the frame.

[0050] For example, the plurality of supporting bars may be a plurality of LGS studs, similar to those used in the LGS panels of alternative embodiments. By assembling an LGS floor frame directly within the perimetral frame, the overall quantity of raw materials (in terms of light-gauge steel) is reduced relative to the amount of resources required for the LGS panels of altemative embodiments. Additionally, individual LGS studs may be easier to manufacture and transport than the LGS panels of alternative embodiments.

[0051] In general selecting between LGS studs and LGS panels is a decision that balances a variety of factors as each solution can be seen to have its respective technical benefits.

[0052] In some embodiments, the interior space of the perimetral frame may be filled with a decking section.

[0053] The decking may, for example, be a metal deck such as a Lewis deck or similar. The deck may provide lightweight and strong structural reinforcement to increase the load bearing capacity of the floor portion.

[0054] In some embodiments, the module may further comprise a ceiling portion connected to the plurality of support posts towards an end distil from the floor portion.

[0055] In cases where increased structural strength, durability and/or stability is required, it may be beneficial to have a structural ceiling portion similar, or substantially identical, to the floor portion as described above.

[0056] In some embodiment, an interior section of the ceiling portion may protrude above a boundary portion of the ceiling portion, wherein the module is connectable to a second same module such that the interior section of the ceiling portion may nest within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0057] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartment made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0058] The protruding section of the ceiling portion may nest within the adjacent floor portion with an interference fit. Alternatively the nesting may constitute a clearance fit Alternatively the nesting may constitute a tight fit or transition fit [0059] In some embodiment, the ceiling portion may include a perimetral frame.

[0060] The perimetral frame may define a halo-like structure defining the boundary of the ceiling portion. In this way, the overall weight of the module may be reduced relative to other embodiments. For example a ceiling portion defined, at least in part, by a perimetral frame may be lighter than, for example, a unitary slab. This may facilitate the construction of taller modular buildings due to the reduced weight of the modules and/or may reduce the cost of (i) assembly of the modules and (ii) construction of modular buildings due to the lighter components which make the lifting of the modules easier and safer. Additionally, it may be easier to transport large quantities of a lightweight frame than a unitary slab, thereby reducing the haulage requirements to deliver the necessary components to a construction site or assembly site for the construction of a modular building and/or assembly of a module.

[0061] In some embodiments, the perimetral frames of the floor and ceiling portions may be substantially identical.

[0062] In this way, the assembly of the module may be simplified by reducing the number of different components of the module.

[0063] In some embodiment, the ceiling portion may further comprise one or more panels, insertable into the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion to fill an interior space of said frame.

[0064] For example, the one or more panels may be light-gauge steel (LGS) panels. LGS panels may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material and insulation as discussed above. In some examples, there may also be one or more LGS studs laterally crossing an interior space of each LGS panel. By using LGS panels to fill the interior space of the frame, it is possible to assemble the LGS panels without the ceiling halo present thus improving the efficiency of the construction of the components of the module. This is because the LGS panels can be constructed and assembled independently of and separately from the perimetral frame.

[0065] In some embodiment, the ceiling portion may further comprise a plurality of supporting bars, insertable into the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion to laterally cross said frame.

[0066] For example, the plurality of supporting bars may be a plurality of LGS studs, similar to those used in the LGS panels of alternative embodiments. By assembling an LGS floor frame directly within the perimetral frame, the overall quantity of raw materials (in terms of light-gauge steel) is reduced relative to the amount of resources required for the LGS panels of altemative embodiments. Additionally, individual LGS studs may be easier to manufacture and transport than the LGS panels of alternative embodiments.

[0067] In some embodiments, the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion may be defined by a plurality of parallel flange channels.

[0068] The parallel flange channels (PFCs) may provide an increased load bearing capacity, and increased strength and durability to the perimetral frame.

[0069] In some embodiments, each of the parallel flange channels of the perimetra I frame of the ceiling portion may include a pair of flanges connected to a web, and the respective pair of flanges of one or more of the parallel flange channels may extend away from the respective web in a direction away from an interior space of said frame.

[0070] In typical implementations of a PFC, the flanges of the PFCs extend inwards from the respective webs such that the webs are part of one or more outer faces/edges of the module (or similar structural body comprising the PFC). However, as discussed above, in some embodiments the flanges of the PFCs extend outwards from the respective webs. As discuss below, when assembling the modules, additional components may be connected to the perimetal frame by connecting them to the flanges of the PFCs. For example, the components -such as support posts and/or wall sections -may be secured by one or more bolts/screws extending through one of the flanges. By inverting the PFCs such that the flanges extend outwards, it is made possible to secure these components to the flanges from outside the module. This simplifies the assembly process because the floor section can be fully assembled at any time (i.e. before, after, or simultaneously with) relative to connecting the additional components to the flange(s) of the PFCs. In contrast, in typical configurations where the PFC flanges extend inwards, the additional components can only be connected to the channels from within the module structure -this adds complexity to the assembly process because it requires the PFCs to be fully accessible until after all connections have been completed. Meanwhile, the present embodiment allows for much more flexibility and may facilitate ad hoc adjustments, even after the flooring section has been covered with, for example, internal boarding.

[0071] In some embodiment, the ceiling portion may include an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.

[0072] In some embodiment, the floor potion may include an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electical, and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.

[0073] For example, in some examples, the floor portion may include ME P containment element in conjunction with the aperture such that, before the so-called first fix of the construction process, the floor portion defines a part of a plenum suitable for ME P connections and, optionally, for ventilation for airflow. For example the airflow may be for an air conditioning system or, more generally, a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The plenum may be fully defined by the space between the floor portion of an upper module and a ceiling of a lower module when they are stacked vertically atop one another.By allowing airflow through the plenum, condensation may be reduced by the airflow carrying moisture away from the inter-module space defining the plenum.

[0074] In some embodiments, the module may further comprise a plurality of wall panels extending between the plurality of wall posts to define exterior walls of the module.

[0075] In some embodiments the module may further comprise a wall panel extending from an edge of the floor portion towards an interior point of the floor potion to define an interior wall of the module.

[0076] In some embodiments, the wall panel defining the interior wall may be connected to one of the support posts.

[0077] In this way, the wall panel may be securely tethered to the structural elements of the module to improve its structural stability.

[0078] In some embodiment, the wall panel defining the interior wall may be connected to a wall panel defining part of the exterior walls of the module.

[0079] In this way, there may be greater flexibility for the builder of such a module in positioning the interior wall in a desired position.

[0080] In some embodiments, at least one of the wall panels may include an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.

[0081] In some embodiment, at least one of the wall panels may include an aperture suitable for defining a doorway and/or window.

[0082] In some embodiment, the module may further comprise a first hinged wall section hingedly connected to an edge of the floor potion such that the first hinged wall section is movable between a first and second position, wherein in the first position, the first hinged wall section is laid against a bottom side of the floor portion, and in the second position, the first hinged wall section extends downwards from the floor potion in a direction opposite to the plurality of support posts.

[0083] As discussed below, modular buildings as described herein may be constructed by assembling the modules described herein in a nested lattice configuration, wherein the modular building includes one or more "ghost" modules that are defined by the floor portion, ceiling, and/or exterior wall sections of neighbouring real, i.e. physical, modules.

[0084] In cases where the ghost module is open, i.e. there is at least one side of the ghost module that does not have a laterally adjacent module and is therefore "missing" an effective exterior wall panel, the physical ("real") module that is vertically immediately above the ghost module may comprise the hinged wall sections described above. By folding the hinged wall sections down away from the physical module, said hinged wall sections can be used to effectively close the ghost module.

[0086] In some embodiments, the module may further comprise a second hinged wall section hingedly connected to an edge of the floor portion in the same way as the first hinged wall section, wherein the first and second hinged wall sections may be connected to opposing edges of the floor portion.

[0086] In a further aspect there is provided an exterior wall section for a module as described herein, the wall section comprising: a plurality of support posts connectable to a floor potion of the module; and one or more wall panels extending between each pair of the plurality of support posts.

[0087] By providing a wall section that is formed around support posts, the assembly of a module requiring exterior wall sections may be simplified. Instead of needing to slot wall panels between support posts that are already attached to the rest of the module body, the exterior wall sections arrive at the module assembly point pre-formed and may be installed as a single component in one easy step.

[0088] In some embodiment, at least one of the wall panels may include an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical and/or plumbing connection.

[0089] In some embodiments, each wall panel may include a perimetral frame.

[0090] The perimetral frame may define a halo-like structure defining the boundary of each wall panel. In this way, the overall weight of the module may be reduced relative to other embodiments. For example a wall panel defined, at least in part, by a perimetral frame may be lighter than a unitary slab. This may facilitate the construction of taller modular buildings due to the reduced weight of the modules and/or may reduce the cost of (0 assembly of the modules and Oft construction of modular buildings due to the lighter components which make the lifting of the modules easier and safer. Additionally, it may be easier to transport large quantities of a lightweight frame than a unitary slab, thereby reducing the haulage requirements to deliver the necessary components to a construction site or assembly site for the construction of a modular building and/or assembly of a module.

[0091] In some embodiment, at least one of the wall panels may include an aperture suitable for defining a doorway and/or a window.

[0092] In some embodiments, the wall section may further comprise a boarding section on an interior side of the wall section, the interior side being the side facing an interior of the floor potion of the module when the wall section is connected to the floor portion.

[0093] In some embodiments, the one or more wall panels may include a first straight wall panel, extending between a pair of support posts that are connectable to a same side of the floor portion of the module.

[0094] In some embodiments, the exterior wall section may comprise a plurality of straight wall panels, each identical to the first straight wall panel.

[0095] Straight wall panels, i.e. substantially straight wall panels that do not define a corner section of a wall benefit from being suitable for stacking, storing and transporting flat In other words, by stacking straight wall panels one atop another, the volume of space required to store and transport said wall panels is reduced relative to wall panels that are not flat [0096] In some embodiments, the walls of a module may be defined by a plurality, for example four, exterior wall sections, wherein each exterior wall section comprises a single straight wall panel. In other words, each straight wall panel may be a one-piece panel. This may be beneficial as it reduces the number of components required to assemble a module, thereby simplifying the assembly process.

[0097] In some embodiment, the exterior wall section may be hingedly connectable to an edge of a floor portion of a module such that the exterior wall section is movable between a first and second position when connected to the module, wherein, in the first position, the exterior wall section may be laid against a bottom side of the floor portion, and in the second position, the exterior wall section may extend downwards from the floor portion in a direction opposite to the plurality of support posts.

[0098] As discussed below, modular buildings as described herein may be constructed by assembling the modules described herein in a nested lattice configuration, wherein the modular building includes one or more "ghost" modules that are defined by the floor portion, ceiling, and/or exterior wall sections of neighbouring real, i.e. physical, modules.

[0099] In cases where the ghost module is open, i.e. there is at least one side of the ghost module that does not have a laterally adjacent module and is therefore "missing" an effective exterior wall panel, the physical ("real") module that is vertically immediately above the ghost module may comprise the hinged wall sections described above. By folding the hinged wall sections down away from the physical module, said hinged wall sections can be used to effectively close the ghost module.

[0100] In some embodiment, the one or more wall panels may include a first corner wall panel, extending between a pair of support posts that are connectable to different sides of the floor portion of the module, wherein the first corner wall panel includes two connected members, the members extending away from one another to respective support posts such that the first corner wall panel defines a corner of an exterior wall of the module.

[0101] In some embodiments, the exterior wall section may comprise a plurality of corner wall panels, each identical to the first corner wall panel.

[0102] Corner wall panels, i.e. wall panels defined by a corner or bend to define a corner section of an exterior wall, benefit from being self-standing. That is, the corner panels do not require separate supports to prop the corner panels upright This reduces the number of components required to assemble a given module, thereby simplifying the assembly process.

[0103] In a further aspect there is provided a method for assembling an exterior wall section as described herein. The method comprises: providing two support posts; providing a wall panel; and connecting the wall panel between the two support posts.

[0104] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise: connecting a subsequent wall panel to one of the support posts.

[0105] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise: connecting a subsequent support post to the subsequent wall panel.

[0106] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: iterating the operations of connecting subsequent wall panels and subsequent support post to define the exterior wall section.

[0107] In this way, exterior wall sections may be assembled that can be directly connected to a floor portion and/or a ceiling portion of an assembly so as to simplify the process of assembling a module as the exterior wall sections are integrated with the support posts that provide structural stability to the module.

[0108] In a further aspect there is provided a method for assembling a module for a modular building as described herein. The method comprises: connecting a plurality of support post to a floor section such that the plurality of support posts extend upwards from the floor section.

[0109] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise connecting a ceiling portion to the plurality of support posts towards an end of the plurality of support posts distal from the floor section.

[0110] As discussed above, in cases where increased structural strength, durability and/or stability is required, it may be beneficial to have a structural ceiling portion similar, or substantially identical, to the floor portion as described above.

[0111] In some embodiments, the ceiling portion may include a perimetral frame.

[0112] As discussed above, the perimetral frame may define a halo-like structure defining the boundary of the ceiling portion. In this way, the overall weight of the module may be reduced relative to other embodiments. For example a ceiling portion defined, at least in part, by a perimetral frame may be lighter than, for example, a unitary slab. This may facilitate the construction of taller modular buildings due to the reduced weight of the modules and/or may reduce the cost of (i) assembly of the modules and (ii) construction of modular buildings due to the lighter component which make the lifting of the modules easier and safer. Additionally, it may be easier to transport large quantities of a lightweight frame than a unitary slab, thereby reducing the haulage requirements to deliver the necessary components to a construction site or assembly site for the construction of a modular building and/or assembly of a module.

[0113] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise connecting one or more interior wall sections to the floor and ceiling portions, wherein each of the one or more interior wall sections extends from an edge of the floor and ceiling portions towards an interior space within the module.

[0114] In this way, the interior wall(s) may be securely attached to the structural elements of the module to improve its structural stability.

[0115] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise connecting one or more wall panels around the edge of the module between the floor portion and the ceiling portion and between the plurality of support post to define one or more exterior wall sections of the module.

[0116] In this way, the exterior wall(s) may be securely attached to the structural elements of the module to improve its structural stability.

[0117] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise inserting one or more panels into the ceiling portion.

[0118] For example, the one or more panels may be light-gauge steel (LGS) panels. LGS panels may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material and insulation as discussed above. In some examples, there may also be one or more LGS studs laterally crossing an interior space of each LGS panel. By using LGS panels to fill the interior space of the frame, it is possible to assemble the LGS panels without the ceiling halo present, thus improving the efficiency of the construction of the components of the module. This is because the LGS panels can be constructed and assembled independently of and separately from the perimetral frame.

[0119] In some embodiment, the one or more panels may fill an interior space of the ceiling portion and protrude above a boundary section of the ceiling portion such that the module is connectable to a second same module such that the one or more panels of the ceiling portion nest within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0120] As discussed above, in this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-to-ceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartment made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0121] In some embodiments, each operation of the method described above may be performed from outside the module.

[0122] This simplifies the assembly process because each individual component the floor section can be fully assembled at any time (i.e. before, after, or simultaneously with) relative to connecting the components together. In other words, the interior parts of each component such as internal boarding can be fully assembled before connecting the components. By connecting the components from outside the module, the interior boarding will not be damaged by construction workers walking over the boarding or using tools on or around the boarding. F urther, assembling the modules from the outside simplifies the assembly process because it does not require sections of any of the components to be modified to ensure full access from the inside of the module. Assembling the modules from the outside may lead to much more flexibility and may facilitate ad hoc adjustments, even after the flooring section has been covered with, for example, internal boarding.

[0123] In a further aspect there is provided a method for assembling a module for a modular building as described herein. The method comprises: connecting a first exterior wall section to a floor portion; holding the first exterior wall section upright with one or more supporting members; connecting second and third exterior wall sections to the floor section and mutually distal ends of the first exterior wall section; and connecting a fourth exterior wall section to the floor section and the second and third exterior wall sections to enclose an interior area of the floor portion.

[0124] In some embodiments, the one or more supporting members may include corner sections of the first exterior wall section.

[0125] As discussed above, corner wall panels, i.e. wall panels defined by a corner or bend to define a corner section of an exterior wall, benefit from being self-standing. That is, the comer panels do not require separate supports to prop the corner panels upright This reduces the number of components required to assemble a given module, thereby simplifying the assembly process.

[0126] In some embodiment, the one or more supporting members may include removable posts.

[0127] Removable posts may be used to prop up the first exterior wall section and may be necessary, for example, when the first exterior wall section comprises only straight wall panels. As discussed above, staight wall panels benefit from being suitable for stacking, storing and transporting flat In other words, the volume of space required to store ad transport said wall panels is reduced relative to wall panels that are not flat.

[0128] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise connecting an interior wall section to at least one of the exterior wall sections and the floor portion, the interior wall section extending from an exterior wall section towards the enclosed interior area of the floor portion.

[0129] In this way the interior wall section may be securely attached to the structural element of the module to improve it structural stability.

[0130] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise connecting a ceiling portion to the first, second, third and fourth exterior wall sections, wherein an interior section of the ceiling portion protrudes above a boundary section of the ceiling portion such that the module is connectable to a second same module such that the interior section of the ceiling portion nests within the floor portion of the second same module.

[0131] As discussed above, in cases where increased structural strength, durability and/or stability is required, it may be beneficial to have a structural ceiling portion similar, or substantially identical, to the floor portion as described above.

[0132] Further, in this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartrnent made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0133] In some embodiments, each operation of the method described above may be performed from outside the module.

[0134] This simplifies the assembly process because each individual component the floor section can be fully assembled at any time (i.e. before, after, or simultaneously with) relative to connecting the components together. In other words, the interior part of each component such as internal boarding can be fully assembled before connecting the components. By connecting the components from outside the module, the interior boarding will not be damaged by construction workers walking over the boarding or using tools on or around the boarding. Further, assembling the modules from the outside simplifies the assembly process because it does not require sections of any of the components to be modified to ensure full access from the inside of the module. Assembling the modules from the outside may lead to much more flexibility and may facilitate ad hoc adjustments, even after the flooring section has been covered with, for example, internal boarding.

[0135] In another aspect there is provided a modular building comprising a plurality of modules as described herein, wherein vertically adjacent modules are stacked atop one another such that the floor portion of a first vertically adjacent module is connected to the ceiling of a second vertically adjacent module.

[0136] In some embodiments, laterally adjacent modules may be connected such that an edge of the floor portion of a first laterally adjacent module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor potion of a second laterally adjacent module and an edge of the ceiling of the first laterally adjacent module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the second laterally adjacent module.

[0137] In some embodiment, the ceiling of the second vertically adjacent module may nest within the floor portion of the first vertically adjacent module.

[0138] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an apartrnent made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0139] In some embodiment, the ceiling of the module may simply be boarding across an upper portion of the module. In other words, while the floor portion -as is discussed below -may include a frame, a slab or other similar physical component the ceiling of the module may be defined by internal, i.e. non-structural, elements. This may allow the overall weight of the module to be reduced which may allow for reduction of materials needed to construct a modular building and facilitate the construction of relatively taller modular buildings.

[0140] In a further aspect there is provided a method of assembling a modular building, the method comprising: providing a first module as described herein; providing a second module as described herein; and vertically connecting the first and second modules by stacking the second module on top of the first module by connecting the bottom of the second module to the top of the first module.

[0141] In some embodiment, vertically connecting the first and second modules may involve connecting the top of the support posts of the first module to the bottom of vertically aligned support posts of the second module.

[0142] In some embodiment, vertically connecting the first and second modules may involve connecting each pair of support posts of the first and second modules via a respective first connecting member.

[0143] In some embodiments, vertically connecting the first and second modules may involve nesting the ceiling of the first module within the floor portion of the second module.

[0144] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: providing a third module as described herein; and laterally connecting the third module to the first module such that an edge of the floor portion of the first module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of the third module and such that an edge of the ceiling of the first module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the third module.

[0145] In some embodiment, laterally connecting the first and third modules may involve connecting laterally adjacent support posts of the first and third modules.

[0146] In some embodiment, laterally connecting the first and third modules may involve connecting each pair of support posts of the first and third modules via a respective second connecting member.

[0147] In some embodiment, the method may further comprise: providing a fourth module as described herein; and vertically connecting the third and fourth modules by stacking the fourth module on top of the third module by connecting the bottom of the fourth module to the top of the third module.

[0148] In some embodiments, vertically connecting the third and fourth modules may involve connecting the top of the support posts of the third module to the bottom of vertically aligned support posts of the fourth module.

[0149] In some embodiment, vertically connecting the third and fourth modules may involve connecting each pair of support posts of the third and fourth modules via a respective third connecting member.

[0150] In some embodiment, the first and third connecting members may be the same connecting member.

[0151] In some embodiment, vertically connecting the third and fourth modules may involve nesting the ceiling of the third module within the floor portion of the fourth module.

[0152] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: laterally connecting the fourth module to the second module such that an edge of the floor portion of the second module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of the fourth module and such that an edge of the ceiling of the second module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the fourth module.

[0153] In some embodiments, laterally connecting the second and fourth modules may involve connecting laterally adjacent support posts of the second and fourth modules.

[0154] In some embodiments, laterally connecting the second and fourth modules may involve connecting each pair of support post of the second and fourth modules via a respective fourth connecting member.

[0155] In some embodiment, the first second, third and fourth connecting members may be the same common connecting member.

[0156] In some embodiments, the operation of connecting at least one pair of the first and second, the first and third, the third and fourth, and/or the second and fourth modules together may be carried out from inside at least one of the modules of each respective pair.

[0157] Connecting modules together from the inside may be both safer and simpler and reduce the material costs associated with constructing a modular building. Firstly, connecting the modules together from inside one or both of the pair of connected modules may reduce the amount of scaffolding required to construct the modular building. As such, this reduces the material costs associated with the construction. Further, by reducing the amount of construction work that must be carried out outside (and potentially at great height), risks to the construction workers associated with working at height may be reduced or entirely eliminated, thereby making the overall construction process safer.

[0158] In a further aspect there is provided a modular building comprising a plurality of modules as described herein, wherein modules are placed diagonally adjacent to one another to define a lattice of diagonally adjacent modules, wherein a first diagonally adjacent module is located above a second diagonally adjacent module and the first diagonally adjacent module is laterally displaced relative to the second diagonally adjacent module such that the floor portion of the first diagonally adjacent module does not overlie the ceiling of the second diagonally adjacent module.

[0159] In some embodiments, each module of the modular building may comprise a floor portion, a ceiling portion, and first second, third and fourth external wall sections connecting the floor portion and ceiling portion, wherein the respective first and second external wall sections define a first pair of mutually opposing walls, and wherein the respective third and fourth external wall sections define a second pair of mutually opposing walls of each module; wherein for a set of diagonally adjacent modules: a bottom portion of the first external wall section of a first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the second external wall section of a second diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the second external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the first external wall section of a third diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the third external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the fourth external wall section of a fourth diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the fourth external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the third external wall section of a fifth diagonally adjacent module.

[0160] In some embodiments, a top section of the ceiling of a lower diagonally adjacent module may be located higher than a bottom section of the floor portion of the higher diagonally adjacent module.

[0161] In this way, the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules may be reduced by nesting the ceiling of a lower module within the floor portion of a higher module. By reducing the clearance space between vertically adjacent modules, it may be possible to increase the number of vertically stacked modules in a modular building of a given height or increase the floor-toceiling height within modules of such a modular building. Increased floor-to-ceiling heights are beneficial because the additional volume increases the space within an aparbrnent made of such modules and may improve the ventilation of such modules due to the increased capacity of airflow therethrough.

[0162] In some embodiment, the ceiling of the module may simply be boarding across an upper portion of the module. In other words, while the floor portion -as is discussed below -may include a frame, a slab or other similar physical component the ceiling of the module may be defined by internal, i.e. non-structural, elements. This may allow the overall weight of the module to he reduced which may allow for reduction of materials needed to construct a modular building and facilitate the construction of relatively taller modular buildings.

[0163] In some embodiment, the modular building may comprise one or more ghost modules, wherein each ghost module may be defined by the floor portion, ceiling, and wall sections of vertically and laterally adjacent modules.

[0164] In this way, the modular building may define a nested lattice. In other words, the modular building may resemble a chessboard pattern wherein the modular building is defined by an alternating tessellation of "real" (i.e. physical) modules and ghost modules. This may represent a more efficient use of resources than in conventional modular buildings. For example, in the context of vertically adjacent modules, the floor portion of a higher module may define the ceiling of the ghost module, thereby removing the material cost and construction requirements for installing a physical ceiling portion of the ghost module. Further, still in the context of vertically adjacent modules, the floor of a ghost module may be defined by the ceiling, particularly a physical ceiling portion, of the "real" (physical) module below said ghost module. This further removes material cost and construction requirements associated with installing a physical floor portion of the ghost module. Further, in the context of laterally adjacent modules, one or more exterior wall sections of a ghost module may be defined by the exterior wall sections of the one or more laterally adjacent modules. In this way, the material cost and construction requirements for installing one or more exterior wall sections of the ghost module may be removed entirely.

[0165] One or more of the ghost modules may be open, that is they may not be closed modules having a vertically/laterally adjacent module on every side of the ghost module.

[0166] In some embodiments, at least one of the modules of the modular building comprises one or more hinged wall sections hingedly connected to the floor portion of said at least one module, wherein each hinged wall section is movable down away from the respective floor portion of said at least one module to define an exterior wall section of a ghost module.

[0167] In cases where the ghost module is open, i.e. there is at least one side of the ghost module that does not have a laterally adjacent module and is therefore "missing" an effective exterior wall panel, the physical ("real") module that is vertically immediately above the ghost module may comprise the hinged wall sections described above. By folding the hinged wall sections down away from the physical module, said hinged wall sections can be used to effectively close the ghost module.

[0168] In a further aspect there is provided a method of assembling a modular building, the method comprising: providing a plurality of modules as described herein; and placing the plurality of modules diagonally adjacent to one another to define a lattice of diagonally adjacent modules, wherein a first diagonally adjacent module is located above a second diagonally adjacent module and the first diagonally adjacent module is laterally displaced relative to the second diagonally adjacent module such that the floor portion of the first diagonally adjacent module does not overlie the ceiling of the second diagonally adjacent module.

[0169] In some embodiment, the lattice of diagonally adjacent modules may be arranged such that each module of the modular building may comprise a floor portion, a ceiling portion, and first, second, third and fourth external wall sections connecting the floor portion and ceiling portion, wherein the respective first and second external wall sections define a first pair of mutually opposing walls, and wherein the respective third and fourth external wall sections define a second pair of mutually opposing walls of each module; wherein for a set of diagonally adjacent modules: a bottom portion of the first external wall section of a first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the second external wall section of a second diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the second external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the first external wall section of a third diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the third external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the fourth external wall section of a fourth diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the fourth external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the third external wall section of a fifth diagonally adjacent module.

[0170] In some embodiments, a top section of the ceiling of a lower diagonally adjacent module may be located higher than a bottom section of the floor portion of the higher diagonally adjacent module.

[0171] In some embodiments, the lattice of diagonally adjacent modules may define one or more ghost modules. Each ghost module may be defined by the floor portion, ceiling, and wall sections of vertically and laterally adjacent modules [0172] In some embodiments, at least one of the modules may comprise one or more hinged wall sections hingedly connected to the floor portion of said at least one module, and the method may further comprise: moving the hinged wall section down away from the respective floor portion of said at least one module to define an exterior wall section of a ghost module.

[0173] In some embodiment, the operation of connecting the modules of the modular building may be performed from inside at least one of the modules.

[0174] Connecting modules together from the inside may be both safer and simpler and reduce the material costs associated with constructing a modular building. Firstly, connecting the modules together from inside one or both of the pair of connected modules may reduce the amount of scaffolding required to construct the modular building. As such, this reduces the material costs associated with the construction. Further, by reducing the amount of construction work that must be carried out outside (and potentially at great height), risks to the construction workers associated with working at height may be reduced or entirely eliminated, thereby making the overall construction process safer.

[0175] The features and embodiments discussed above may be combined as appropriate, as would be apparent to a person skilled in the art and may be combined with any of the aspects of the invention except where it is expressly provided that such a combination is not possible or the person skilled in the art would understand that such a combination is self-evidently not possible.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0176] Embodiments of the present invention are described below, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings.

[0177] Figures 1a to lc depict perspective views of various examples of a frame for a module for a modular building.

[0178] Figures 2a to 2c depict perspective views of various examples of a floor cassette for use in a module for a modular building.

[0179] Figure 3 depicts an example of a wall panel section for use in a module for a modular building.

[0180] Figures 4a to 4e depict perspective views of various examples of arrangement of wall panel sections suitable for defining a perimeter of a module for a modular building.

[0181] Figures 5a to Sc depict sectional views of exemplary modules including apertures and channels defining mechanical, electrical and/or plumbing (ME P) connections through a wall, floor and/or ceiling of a module.

[0182] Figures 6a to 6b depict perspective views of a module for a modular building in various stages of assembly.

[0183] Figure 7 shows a method for assembling a module for a modular building corresponding to the perspective views in Figures 6a and 6b.

[0184] Figures 8a to 8b depict perspective views of a modular building in various stages of assembly according to a different method of assembly from that shown in Figure 7.

[0185] Figure 9 shows a method for assembling a module for a modular building corresponding to the perspective views in Figures 8a and 8b.

[0186] Figure 10 depicts a perspective view of parallel flange channels used in the frames described herein.

[0187] Figures lla to 11e depict various examples of support posts connected to floor and ceiling sections of a frame for a module, as described herein.

[0188] Figure 12 depicts a schematic of two module frames being stacked on one another in accordance with the methods for connecting modules disclosed herein.

[0189] Figure 13 depicts a perspective sectional view of modules being connected in accordance with the methods described herein.

[0190] Figures 14a to 14e depict a perspective view of modules being connected in accordance with the methods described herein.

[0191] Figures 15a to 15d depict various sectional views of modules connected to one another in a vertically nested configuration.

[0192] Figure 16 shows a method for connecting modules.

[0193] Figure 17 depicts a portion of a modular building comprising modules connected in a nested lattice configuration.

[0194] Figures 18a to 18b depict sectional views of modules connected to one another in the nested lattice configuration [0195] Figure 19 depicts various perspective views of a portion of a modular building comprising a module with additional wall panel sections hingedly connected to the module.

[0196] Figure 20 shows a method for connecting modules in a nested lattice configuration.

[0197] Common reference numerals are used throughout the figures to indicate the same or similar features.

Detailed Description

[0198] Embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of example only.

These examples represent the best mode of putting the invention into practice that are currently known to the Applicant although they are not the only ways in which this could be achieved. The description sets forth the functions of the example and the sequence of steps for constructing and operating the example. However, the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different examples.

[0199] Figure la depict a perspective view of an exemplary frame for a module for a modular building. Module frame 100 comprises a floor portion 102, a plurality of support posts 104, and a ceiling portion 106. In the example depicted in Figure la, the floor portion 102 is a unitary slab. The unitary slab may be made, for example, from concrete or a similarly suitable material. The material may be selected based on the project requirements. For example, sometimes the slab may have a metal deck sheeting with screed poured into the deck on-site. Alternatively, the floor portion may be a suitably boarded substrate configured to receive an interior floor finish.

[0200] In the example depicted in Figure la, the plurality of support posts 104 consists of four support posts extending upwards from the floor portion 102. As discussed in more detail below, in relation to Figure 11c and 11d, an edge section of floor portion 102 is recessed, or cut-away, such that an interior section of the floor portion protrudes above the edge section. The edge section is suitable for receiving one or more exterior wall sections to define an exterior wall of the module. The plurality of support posts 104 are connected to the floor portion 102 at the edge section. In the example depicted in Figure la, the plurality of support post 104 are distributed along opposing sides of the floor section 102. In other examples, the plurality of support posts 104 may be distributed along every side of the floor section 102. Each of the plurality of support posts may be defined by a parallel-flange channel (PFC). Each PFC is defined by two parallel flanges connected by a web to define a C-shaped cross-section. Each PFC may be arranged such that for each PFC, the parallel flanges extend away from the web in a direction away from the interior section of the floor portion 102. This "inverted" arrangement (inverted in the sense that it is inverted relative to the typical arrangement used in construction) allows a person assembling module frame 100 to connect the plurality of support posts 104 to the floor portion 102 from outside the module frame 100. This may be beneficial because it allows for the floor portion to be fully manufactured, for example with interior fittings completed, before connecting the different components together. This can, therefore, simplify the process of assembling module frame 100. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement i.e., the flanges of each PFC may extend away from the respective web towards an interior section of the floor portion 102. Alternatively, some of the P FCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing P FCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0201] The plurality of support posts 104 are connected to a ceiling portion 106 at an end of the support posts 104 that is distal from the end connected to the floor portion 102. In the example depicted in Figure la, ceiling portion 106 comprises a perimetral frame. The perimetral frame may be defined by a plurality of PFCs that are in an inverted arrangement as described above in relation to support posts 104. This again allows for the ceiling portion 106 to be connected to the plurality of support posts 104 from outside the module frame 100. Ceiling portion 106 may be suitable for receiving one or more ceiling panels or ceiling boarding to define an interior section of the ceiling portion 106. The interior section of the ceiling portion 106 may protrude above the perimetral frame such that, two module frames 100 are stacked atop one another, the interior section of ceiling portion 106 nests of the lower module frame 100 nests within the floor portion of the higher module frame 100. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0202] The plurality of support posts 104 and ceiling portion 106 may be made from light-gauge steel (LGS), or another similarly suitable material.

[0203] Figure 11] depicts a perspective view of an alternative example for a frame for a module for a modular building. Module frame 110 comprises a floor portion 112, a plurality of supporting bars 113, a plurality of support posts 114, and a ceiling portion 116. In the example depicted in Figure lb, floor portion 112 comprises a perimetral frame. The perimetral frame may be defined by a plurality of PFCs that are in an inverted arrangement as described above in relation to the support posts 104 of Figure la. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement.

[0204] A plurality of supporting bars 113 may extend laterally across the perimetral frame of the floor portion 112. The plurality of supporting bars may provide structural support upon which decking, boarding, or similar may be connected to define the surface of the floor of a module whose structural features are defined by module frame 110. The plurality of supporting bars 113 may each be defined by a respective LGS stud.

[0205] In the example depicted in Figure lb, the plurality of support posts 114 consists of four support posts extending upwards from the perimetral frame of the floor portion 112. In the example depicted in Figure lb, the plurality of support posts 114 are distributed along opposing sides of the floor section 112. In other examples, the plurality of support posts 114 may be distributed along every side of the floor section 112. Each of the plurality of support posts may be defined by a parallel-flange channel (PFC). Each PFC is defined by two parallel flanges connected by a web to define a C-shaped cross-section. Each PFC may be arranged such that for each PFC, the parallel flanges extend away from the web in a direction away from the interior section of the floor portion 102. This "inverted" arrangement (inverted in the sense that it is inverted relative to the typical arrangement used in construction) allows a person assembling module frame 110 to connect the plurality of support posts 114 to the floor portion 112 from outside the module frame 110. This may be beneficial because it allows for the floor portion to be fully manufactured, for example with interior finings completed, before connecting the different components together. This can, therefore, simplify the process of assembling module frame 110. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0206] The plurality of support posts 114 are connected to a ceiling portion 116 at an end of the support posts 114 that is distal from the end connected to the floor portion 102. In the example depicted in Figure la, ceiling portion 116 comprises a perimetral frame. The perimetral frame may be defined by a plurality of PFCs that are in an inverted arrangement as described above in relation to support post 114. This again allows for the ceiling portion 116 to be connected to the plurality of support posts 114 from outside the module frame 110. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement Ceiling portion 116 may be suitable for receiving one or more ceiling panels or ceiling boarding to define an interior section of the ceiling portion 116. The interior section of the ceiling portion 116 may protrude above the perimetral frame such that two module frames 110 are stacked atop one another, the interior section of ceiling portion 116 nests of the lower module frame 110 nests within the floor portion 112 of the higher module frame 110, for example by nesting within the perimetral frame of the floor portion 112.

[0207] The floor portion 112, the plurality of supporting bars 113, the plurality of support posts 114 and the ceiling portion 116 may be made from fight-gauge steel (LGS), or another similarly suitable material.

[0208] Figure lc depicts a perspective view of an alternative example for a frame for a module of a modular building. Module frame 120 comprises a floor portion 122, a plurality of supporting bars 123, and a plurality of support posts 124. In effect module frame 120 depicted in Figure lc differs from module frame 110 depicted in Figure lb in that the module frame 120 does not comprise a ceiling portion. This may serve to reduce the weight and number of components of the module. The floor portion 122, plurality of supporting bars 123, and plurality of support posts 124 depicted in Figure lc may be the same as floor portion 112, plurality of supporting bars 113, and plurality of support posts 114 depicted in Figure 1 b.

[0209] Figure 2a depicts a perspective view of a floor cassette for use in a module for a modular building. Floor cassette 200 may define the floor portion of a module such as module 110 or 120 depicted in Figures lb or lc. Addibonally or alternabvely, floor cassette 200 may be used as a ceiling cassette to define the ceiling portion of a module such as module 100 or 110 depicted in Figures la or lb. [0210] Floor cassette 200 comprises a perimetral frame 202 and a plurality of insertable panels 204a, 204b. As discussed above, perimetral frame 202 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. Each PFC may be arranged such that for each PFC, the parallel flanges extend away from the web in a direction away from an interior section of the floor cassette 200. This "inverted" arrangement (inverted in the sense that it is inverted relative to the typical arrangement used in construction) allows a person assembling the floor cassette to connect each of the plurality of insertable panels 204a, 204b to the perimetral frame 202 from an outer edge of the perimetral frame 202. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement Perimetral frame 202 may be made from light-gauge steel or another similarly suitable material.

[0211] The one or more insertable panels 204a, 204b may be, for example, light-gauge steel panels. The panels 204a, 204b may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material or insulation. The panels 204a, 204b shown in Figure 2a further comprise LGS studs laterally cross an interior space of each panel 204a, 204b. These panels 204a, 204b can be assembled separately from the perimetral frame 202, thus facilitating a more efficient assembly process.

[0212] Figure 2b depict a perspective view of an alternative example of a floor cassette for use in a module for a modular building. Floor cassette 210 may define the floor portion of a module such as module 110 or 120 depicted in Figures lb or lc. Additionally or alternatively, floor cassette 210 may be used as a ceiling cassette to define the ceiling portion of a module such as module 100 or 110 depicted in Figures la or lb. [0213] Floor cassette 210 comprises a perimetral frame 212 and a plurality of instertable supporting bars 214a, 214b. Perimetra I frame 212 depicted in Figure 2b may be the same as the perimetral frame 202 depicted in Figure 2a. As discussed above, perimetral frame 212 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. Said PFCs may be in the "inverted" arrangement discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0214] The plurality of supporting bars 214a, 214b may be, for example, a plurality of LGS studs insertable into the perimetra I frame 212 to laterally cross said frame. Each of the plurality of LGS studs 214a, 214b may be connected to the perimetral frame 212 at mutually distal ends of said bar.

[0215] Figure 2c depicts a perspective view of an alternative example of a floor cassette for use in a module for a modular building. Floor cassette 220 may define the floor portino of a module such as module 110 or 120 depicted in Figures lb or lc.

[0216] Floor cassette 220 comprises a perimetral frame 222 and a decking section 224. The perimetral frame 222 depicted in Figure 2c may be the same as the perimetral frames 202 and 212 depicted in Figures 2a and 2b. As discussed above, perimetral frame 222 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. Said PFCs may be in the "inverted" arrangement discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing P FCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereon may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0217] The decking section 224 may be, for example, a metal deck such as a Lewis deck or other similarly suitable decking. The decking section 224 may be lightweight and provide strong structural reinforcement to increase the load bearing capacity of the floor cassette 220.

[0218] Figure 3 depicts two perspective views of an example of a wall panel section for use in a module for a modular building. The first wall panel view 300 shows an assembled wall panel section while the second wall panel view 310 shows the components of the wall panel section lined up pre-assembly.

[0219] Assembled wall panel section 300 comprises a plurality of wall panels 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d. Between each pair of wall panels (for example the first and second wall panels 302a, 302b; the second and third wall panels 302b, 302c; or the third and fourth wall panels 302c, 302d) is a respective one of a plurality of support posts 304a, 304b, 304c. The pre-assembled wall panel section view 310 shows the alternating pattern of wall panels 312a, 312, 312c, 312d and support posts 314a, 314b, 314c. That is, support post 314a is between wall panel 312a and wall panel 312b; support post 314b is between wall panel 312b and wall panel 312c; and support post 314c is between wall panel 312c and wall panel 312c. Once connected, the wall panel section 300 comprises an interconnected set of wall panels 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d and support posts 304a, 304b, 304c. That is, support post 304a is connected on either side to wall panel 302a and wall panel 302b; support post 304b is connected on either side to wall panel 302b and wall panel 302c; and support post 304c is connected on either side to wall panel 302c and wall panel 302d.

[0220] Each of the wall panels 302, 312 may comprise a perimetra I frame defining a halo-like stucture that defines the boundary of each wall panel 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d, 312a, 312b, 312c, 312d. Each of the wall panels may, for example, be a light-gauge steel (LGS) panel. The wall panels 302, 312 may be rectangular blocks whose perimeter is defined by LGS studs. The space between the LGS studs may be filled with a boarding material or insulation, as discussed above. The panels 302, 312 shown in Figure 3 may further comprise LGS studs that laterally cross an interior space of each panel 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d, 312a, 312b, 312c, 312d.

[0221] Figure 4a depicts a perspective view of an example arrangement of external wall panel sections used to define a set of external walls for a module for a modular building as described herein.

[0222] The arrangement of external wall panel sections includes a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wall panel section 400, 402, 404, 406, 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d. Each of the external wall panel sections 400, 402, 404, 406, 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d consist only of straight wall panels and define portions of respective external walls of the module. With no corner wall panels, it is possible to store and transport all of the external wall panel sections 400, 402, 404, 406, 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d flat thereby improving the packing efficiency of said wall panel sections. Further, by splitting longer extemal walls into multiple panel sections, the length of the individual wall panel sections can be reduced to a size that facilitates the easy lift and moving of said wall panels. For example each of the wall panel sections may he no longer than 3.5 metres, no longer than 4 metres, or no longer than 4.5 metres. In a particular example, each of the wall panel sections may be no longer than 4.2 metres. Fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth wall panel sections 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d may be considered as 'filler' sections that fill in gaps between the first, second, third, and fourth wall panel sections 400, 402, 404, 406.

[0223] Figure 4a depicts a plurality of structural support posts separate from the wall panel sections 400, 402, 404, 406, 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d. However, in some embodiments, the support posts may be integrated with any of the wall panel sections 400, 402, 404, 406, 408a, 408b, 408c, 408d.

[0224] By reducing the number of wall panel sections needed to arrange a full external wall of a module, the number of lifts, i.e. the number of manual operations, required to assemble the module is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the assembly.

[0225] It can also be seen in Figure 4a that the first and third wall panel sections 400, 404 each comprise an aperture that defines a doorway for the module, while the second wall panel section 402 comprises an aperture that defines a window for the module.

[0226] Figure 4b depicts a perspecbve view of an alternative example arrangement of external wall panel sections used to define a set of external walls for a module for a modular building as described herein.

[0227] The arrangement of external wall panel sections includes a first second, third, and fourth external wall panel section 410, 412, 414, 416. Each of the external wall panel sections 410, 412, 414,416 consist only of straight wall panels and define respective external walls of the module. By providing a single wall panel section for each wall of the module, and with no corner wall panels, it is possible to store and transport all of the external wall panel sections 410, 412, 414, 416 flat, thereby improving the packing efficiency of said wall panel sections. Further, by reducing the number of wall panel sections needed to arrange a full external wall of a module, the number of lifts, i.e. the number of manual operations, required to assemble the module is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the assembly.

[0228] Figure 4b depict a plurality of wall panel sections wherein the structural support posts are integrated into the third and fourth wall panel sections 414,416 respectively. The skilled person will be aware that other configurations are equally possible.

[0229] It can also be seen in Figure 4b that the first and third wall panel sections 410,414 each comprise an aperture that defines a doorway for the module, while the second wall panel section 412 comprises an aperture that defines a window for the module.

[0230] Figure 4c depicts a perspective view of an alternative arrangement of external wall panel sections used to define a set of external walls for a module for a modular building as described herein.

[0231] The arrangement of external wall panel sections includes a first, second, third, and fourth external wall panel section 420, 422, 424, 426. The first and second external wall panel sections 420, 422 both include corner wall panels and define mutually opposing ends of a module. Meanwhile the third and fourth wall panel sections 424, 426 consist only of straight wall panels and define mutually opposing sides of the module. By providing the first and second wall panel sections 420, 422 with corner wall panels, there is no need for external propping elements to hold the walls upright when assembling a module using wall panels 420, 422, 424 426. Further, the size of the corner wall panels of the first and second wall panel sections 420, 422 can be arranged such that the length of each of the wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426 is approximately the same. In some examples, each of the wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426 may be 3.5 metres long or more, 4 metres long or more, or 4.5 metres long or more. In a particular example, each of the wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426 may be 4.2 metres long.

[0232] Figure 4c depicts a plurality of structural support posts separate from the wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426. However, in some embodiments, the support posts may be integrated with any of the wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426.

[0233] By reducing the number of wall panel sections needed to arrange a full external wall of a module, the number of lifts, i.e. the number of manual operations, required to assemble the module is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the assembly.

[0234] It can also be seen in Figure 4c that the first and third wall panel sections 420, 424 each comprise an aperture that defines a doorway for the module, while the second wall panel section 422 comprises an aperture that defines a window for the module.

[0235] Figure 4d depicts a perspective view of an alternative example arrangement of external wall panel sections used to define a set of external walls for a module for a modular building as described herein.

[0236] The arrangement of external wall panel sections includes a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wall panel section 430, 432, 434, 436, 438a, 438b, 438c, 438d. Each of the first second, third, and fourth external wall panel sections 430, 432, 434, 436 consist only of straight wall panels and define portions of respective external walls of the module. As such, each of these wall panel sections can be stored and transported flat thereby improving the packing efficiency of said wall panel sections. Meanwhile, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wall panel sections 428a, 428b, 428c, 428d comprise corner wall portions. By providing corner wall portions, there is no need for external propping element to hold the walls upright when assembling a module using wall panels 430, 432, 434, 436, 438a, 438b, 438c, 438d. Further, by splitting longer external walls into multiple panel sections, the length of the individual wall panel sections can be reduced ma size that facilitates the easy rift and moving of said wall panels. For example each of the wall panel sections may be no longer than 3.5 metres, no longer than 4 metres, or no longer than 4.5 metres. In a particular example, each of the wall panel sections may be no longer than 4.2 metres. Fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth wall panel sections 428a, 428b, 428c, 428d may be considered as 'filler' sections that fill in gaps between the first second, third, and fourth wall panel sections 420, 422, 424, 426.

[0237] Figure 4d depict a plurality of structural support posts separate from the wall panel sections 430, 432, 434, 436, 438a, 438b, 438c, 438d. However, in some embodiments, the support posts may be integrated with any of the wall panel sections 430, 432, 434, 436, 438a, 438h, 438c, 438d.

[0238] By reducing the number of wall panel sections needed to arrange a full external wall of a module, the number of lifts, i.e. the number of manual operations, required to assemble the module is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the assembly.

[0239] It can also be seen in Figure 4d that the first and third wall panel sections 430, 434 each comprise an aperture that defines a doorway for the module, while the second wall panel section 432 comprises an aperture that defines a window for the module.

[0240] Figure 4e depicts a perspective view of an alternative example arrangement of external wall panels used to define a set of external walls for a module for a modular building as described herein.

[0241] In the example depicted in Figure 4e, individual panels are not combined to assemble a wall panel section independently of assembling the walls, as shown in Figures 4a to 4d. Instead, the wall panels are directly assembled to form the overall exterior wall of a module.

[0242] The arrangement of wall panels includes a plurality of longer straight wall panels 440a, 440b, 440c, 440d, 440e, 440f a plurality of shorter straight wall panels 442a, 442b; a plurality of corner wall panels 444a, 444b, 444c, 444d; first and second doorway panels 446a, 446b; and a window panel 448.

[0243] The longer and shorter straight wall panels 440a-t 442a-b may be arranged to assemble overall walls of a desired length. For example, the longer wall panels may be 0.8 metres or longer, 1 metre or longer, 1.2 metres or longer, or 1.4 metres or longer, while the shorter wall panels may be 0.4 metres or longer, 0.6 metres or longer, 0.8 metres or longer or 1 metre or longer. In a particular example, the longer wall panels may be 1.2 metres long, and the shorter wall panels may be 0.8 metres long. The choice of whether to use longer or shorter wall panel may be based on the use of other wall panels, for example doorway panels 446a, 446b, and/or window panel 448.

[0244] The first and second doorway panels 446a, 446b are wall panels each comprising an aperture for defining a doorway in the module446a, 446b may define doorways of the same width and height or of different width and height according to need or design. The window panel 448 is a wall panel comprising an aperture for defining a window in a module.

[0245] In alternative examples, the arrangement of wall panels may include different numbers of longer and shorter straight wall panels 440a-f, 442a-b, corner wall panels 44a-d, doorway panels 446a-b and window panels 448.

[0246] Figure 4e depicts a plurality of structural support posts separate from the wall panel sections 440a-f, 442a-b, 444a-d, 446a-b, 448. However, in some embodiments, the support posts may be integrated with any of the wall panel sections 440a-f, 442a-b, 444a-d, 446a-b, 448.

[0247] Figure 5a depicts a section view of modules as described herein, one of the modules including an aperture defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing (MEP) connection through a wall panel section of the module to a corridor connected laterally thereto.

[0248] First module 500 is vertically connected to a second module 502. As can be seen in Figure 5a, a ceiling section of first module 500 nests within the floor portion of second module 502 to reduce the inter-module ceiling-to-floor space between the two vertically adjacent modules. First and second modules 500, 502 are respectively connected to first and second corridors 504, 506. The first and second corridors 504, 506 are defined, at least in part, by a floor portion and wall sections. The wall sections of the corridors 504, 506 are laterally connected to wall sections of the modules 500, 502. There is an aperture in the wall sections of the first module 500 and the first corridor 504 that defines, at least in part, an ME P connection 508 between the first module 500 and the first corridor 504. As can be seen in Figure 5a, the MEP connection 508 is through an upper part of the external wall sections of the first module 500 and the first corridor 504.

[0249] Figure 5b depicts a section view of modules as described herein, two of the modules including an aperture defining a mechanical, electrical and/or plumbing (MEP) connection between two vertically connected modules.

[0250] First module 510 is vertically connected to a second module 512. As can be seen in Figure 5b, a ceiling section of first module 510 nests within the floor portion of second module 512 to reduce the inter-module ceiling-to-floor space between the two vertically adjacent modules. Similarly, third module 514 is vertically connected to a fourth module 516. As can be seen in Figure 5b, a ceiling section of third module 514 nests within the floor portion of fourth module 516 to reduce the inter-module ceiling-to-floor space between the two vertically adjacent modules. First module 510 may be laterally connected to third module 514, while second module 512 may be laterally connected to fourth module 516. There is an aperture in the floor portion of the second module 512 and in the ceiling of the first module 510 that define, at least in part, an ME P connection 518 between the first and second modules 510, 512. As can be seen in Figure 5b, the MEP connection 518 is through a section of the ceiling of the first module 510 that is close to an external wall section of the first module 510 and through a floor portion of the second module 512 that is close to a floor portion of the second module 512.

[0251] Figure Sc depicts a section view of modules as described herein, two of the modules being connected and separated by a space to define a plenum for airflow.

[0252] First module 520 is vertically connected to a second module 522. As can be seen in Figure Sc, there is a space 524 between the internal ceiling 526 of the first module 520 and the internal flooring 528 of the second module 522. As such, the space 524 defines a plenum suitable for ME P connections and, optionally, for ventilation for airflow. For example the airflow may be for an air conditioning system or, more generally, a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The plenum may be fully defined by the space 524 between the internal ceiling 526 of the first module 520 and the internal flooring 528 of the second module 522 when they are stacked vertically atop one another. By allowing airflow through the plenum, condensation may be reduced by the airflow carrying moisture away from the inter-module space defining the plenum. As indicated by the sold arrows in Figure Sc, the airflow into and out of the plenum 524 may be through structural element such as the floor portion of the second module 522. Additionally or alternatively, as indicated by the dashed arrows in Figure Sc, the airflow into and out of the plenum may be through wall sections of the modules, for example wall sections of the first module 520.

[0253] Figure 6a depicts perspective views of a module 600 for a modular building in various stages of assembly. First there is provided a floor portion 610. Floor portion 610 may be as described above. It can be seen in Figure 6a that floor portion 610 includes boarding sections that protrude above the surface of the floor portion 610. This serves to define a series of sections (or 'rooms') of the module.

[0254] In a further operation of assembly, a plurality of support posts 612a-d are connected to the floor portion 610. In the example depicted in Figure 6a, four support posts 612a-d are connected to the floor portion along two opposing edges of the floor portion 610. The plurality of support posts 612a-d may, in some examples (including that depicted in Figure 6a) are offset from the corners of the floor portion 610. This may be done to reduce the effects of thermal bridging between vertically adjacent modules. In some examples, the plurality of support posts 612a-d may be defined by parallel flange channels (PFCs). Said PFCs may be in an inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0255] In a further operation of assembly, two ceiling rails 614, 614b may be attached to the plurality of support posts 612a-d. The first ceiling rail 614a may be attached at the top of the first two support posts 612a, 612b which are disposed along a common first side of the floor portion 610. Similarly, the second ceiling rail 614b may be attached at the top of the second two support posts 612c, 612d which are disposes along a common second side of the floor portion 610, the second side being opposed relative to the common first side. In some examples, the first and second ceiling rails 614a, 614b may be defined by respective PFCs. Said PFCs may be in an inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0256] In a further operation of assembly, a further two ceiling rails 616a, 616b may be attached to the first two ceiling rails 614a, 614b to complete a perimetral frame of a ceiling portion of the module. In some examples, the further two ceiling rails 616a, 6166 may he defined by respective PFCs. Said PFCs may be in an inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternabvely, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0257] In a further operation of assembly, first and second internal wall panel sections 618a, 618b are connected to the floor portion 610 of the module. The first and second internal wall panel sections 618a, 618b may be defined by one or more wall panels. Said wall panels may comprise light gauge steel (LGS) framed panels. As in the example shown in Figure 6a, the first and second internal wall panel sections 618a, 618b may each include an aperture for defining an internal doorway. The first and second internal wall panel sections 616a, 616b may be further connected to the perimetral frame defined by ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b.

[0258] Figure 6b depicts further perspective views of a module 600 for a modular building in various stages of assembly further to the stages depicted in Figure 6a. In a further operation to those shown in Figure 6a, a plurality of external wall panels 622 are attached between the floor portion 610 and the first two ceiling rails 614a, 614b. One or more of the external wall panels 622 may be further connected to any of the plurality of support posts 612a-d or one of the internal wall panel sections 618a-b. The external wall panels 622 may be installed along mutually opposing sides of the module 600 beneath the first two ceiling rails 614a, 614b. Each of the external wall panels 622 may be defined, at least in part, by a respective LGS panel.

[0259] In a further operation of assembly, further external wall panels 624 may be attached between the floor portion 610 and the further two ceiling rails 616a, 616b. The further external wall panels 624 may include a plurality of corner wall panels to define corners of the external wall of the module 600. One or more of the further external wall panels 624 may be further connected to any of the plurality of support post 612a-d. The further external wall panels 624 may be installed along mutually opposing sides of the module 600 beneath the further two ceiling rails 616a, 616b to enclose the module 600. Each of the external wall panels 624 may be defined, at least in part, by a respective LGS panel.

[0260] One or more of the external wall panels 622, 624 may include an aperture for defining a window or external doorway of the module 600.

[0261] In a further operation of assembly, covering external wall panels 626 may be installed and attached between the floor portion 610 and the ceiling perimetral frame defined by ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b. Each of the covering external wall panels 626 may cover a respective one of the plurality of support post 612a-d to complete the external facade of the external walls of the module 600. The covering external wall panels 626 may be defined by LGS studs, for example PFCs. The web of said PFCs may be arranged such that it defines a part of the external wall face of the module 600.

[0262] In a further operation of assembly, one or more ceiling panels 628 may be installed in the perimetral frame defined by the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b. Each of the ceiling panels 628 may be defined by a respective LGS panel.

[0263] As can be seen in Figure 6b, in the fully assembled module 600, the one or more ceiling panels 628 may protrude above the perimetra I frame defined by the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b such that when the module 600 is stacked atop another same module 600, the protruding ceiling panels 682 of the lower module 600 nest within the floor portion 610 of the upper module 600.

[0264] Figure 7 shows a method for assembling a module 600 for a modular building corresponding to the perspective views in Figures 6a and 6b.

[0265] In a first operation 5700, a plurality of support posts 612a-d are connected to a floor portion 610 such that the plurality of support posts 612a-d extend upwards from the floor section.

[0266] In a further operation 5701, first and second ceiling rails 614a-b are connected to the plurality of support post 612a-d at a top end of the support posts, distal from the floor portion 610.

[0267] In a further operation 5702, further ceiling rails 614a-b are connected to the first and second ceiling rails 614a-b to define a perimetral frame of a ceiling portion of a module 600.

[0268] In a further operation 5703, one or more interior wall panel sections 618a-b are connected to the floor portion 610 and, optionally to the ceiling portion that includes the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b.

[0269] In a further operation 5704, a plurality of external wall panels 622, 624, 626 are connected to the floor portion 610 and the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b between the plurality of support posts 612a-d to define external wall sections of the module 600.

[0270] In a further operation 5705, a plurality of ceiling panels 628 are inserted into the perimetral frame defined by the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b to complete the ceiling portion of the module 600. In some examples, as discussed above, the ceiling panels 628 protrude above the perimetral frame defined by the ceiling rails 614a-b, 616a-b.

[0271] Figure 8a depict perspective views of a modular building in various stages of assembly according to a different method of assembly from that shown in Figures 6a-b and 7.

[0272] F irst there may be provided a floor portion 800, and a plurality of external wall panel sections 802, 804, 806. The external wall panel sections may be as described in relation to Figure 3. The floor portion 800 may be as described in relation to any of Figures 2a-c. In the example depicted in Figures 8a-8b, the floor portion 800 is as shown and described in relation to Figure 2c, but the skilled person will understand that other options are equally possible.

[0273] In an operation of assembly, the first external wall panel section 802 is connected to the floor portion 800. The first external wall panel section 802 is a straight wall panel section. Therefore a plurality of support posts 810 are required to prop up the first external wall panel section 802.

[0274] In a further operation of assembly, the second external wall panel section 804 is connected to the floor portion 800 and the first external wall panel section 802. While the first external wall panel section 802 is braced upright by the plurality of supporting posts 810, the second external wall panel section 804 is braced upright by the first external wall panel section 802.

[0275] In a further operation of assembly, the third external wall panel section 806 is connected to the floor portion 800 and the first external wall panel section 802. The plurality of support posts 810 are then removed. The first external wall panel section 802 is braced upright by the second and third external wall panel sections 804, 806. The second external wall panel section 804 is braced upright by the first external wall panel section 802. The third external wall panel section 806 is braced upright by the first external wall panel section 802.

[0276] Figure 8b depicts further perspective views of a module for a modular building in various stages of assembly further to the stages depicted in Figure 8a. In a further operation of assembly to those shown in Figure 8a, a first internal wall panel section 812 is connected to the floor portion 800 and the third external wall panel section 806. The first internal wall panel section 812 may comprise LGS frames and an aperture for defining an internal doorway.

[0277] In a further operation of assembly, a second internal wall panel section 814 is connected to the floor portion 800, the first extemal wall panel section 802, and, in some examples, the first internal wall panel section 812. The second internal wall panel section 814 may comprise LGS frames and an aperture for defining an internal doorway.

[0278] In a further operation of assembly, the fourth external wall panel section 808 is connected to the floor portion 800, the second and third external wall panel sections 804, 806, and, optionally the second internal wall panel section 814. The fourth external wall panel section 808 is braced upright by the second and third external wall panel sections 804, 806.

[0279] In a further operation of assembly, a ceiling portion is attached to each of the wall panel sections 802, 804, 806, 808, 812, 814. The ceiling portion may comprise a perimebral frame 816 and a plurality of ceiling panels 818. Following this operation, the module 820 may be enclosed and completed. The perimetral frame 816 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. Said PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement Each of the plurality of ceiling panels 818 may be defined by LGS panels. The ceiling panels 818 may protrude above the perimetral frame 816 such that when the module 820 is stacked atop another same module 820, the protruding ceiling panels 818 of the lower module 820 nest within the floor portion 800 of the upper module 820.

[0280] Figure 9 shows a method for assembling a module 820 for a modular building corresponding to the perspective views in Figures 8a and 8b.

[0281] In a first operation 5900, a first exterior wall section 802 is connected to a floor portion 800 and held up with one or more supporting members 810.

[0282] In a further operation 5901, second and third exterior wall sections 804, 806 are connected to the floor portion 800 and to mutually distal ends of the first exterior wall section 802.

[0283] In a further operation 5902, the one or more supporting members 810 are removed, as the first exterior wall section 802 can be held up by the second and third exterior wall sections 804, 806.

[0284] In a further operation 5903, one or more interior wall panel sections 812, 814 are connected to the floor portion 800 and to any of the exterior wall sections 802, 804, 806.

[0285] In a further operation 5904, a fourth exterior wall section 808 is connected to the floor portion 800 and to the second and third exterior wall sections 804, 806.

[0286] In a further operation 5905, a ceiling portion, including a perimetral frame 816 and a plurality of ceiling panels 818, are connected to the exterior wall sections 802, 804, 806, 808.

[0287] Figure 10 depicts a perspective view of parallel flange channels 1000, 1002 used in the frames described herein. Each of the parallel flange channels 1000, 1002 defines a respective side of a perimetral frame. Said frame may, for example, be a part of a floor or ceiling portion. The PFCs in Figure 10 can be seen to be in the inverted arrangement discussed above. That is, the flanges of each PFC extend from the respective web in a direction away from an interior of the frame. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0288] Figure 11a depicts a perspective view of an example of a support post connected to a perimetral frame of a ceiling portion of a module. The perimetral frame shown in Figure lla is defined by one or more PFCs 1102. Said PFC(s) 1102 may be in the inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement One of the support posts 1104 is connected to PFC 1102 by a connection 1106. The connection 1106 may be a bolted connection, for example, one or more L-brackets bolted to the PFC 1102 and the support post 1104.

[0289] Figure 11 b depicts a similar perspective view of an example of a support post connected to a perimetral frame of a floor portion of a module. The perimetral frame shown in Figure 11 b is defined by one or more PFCs 1112. Said PFC(s) 1112 may be in the inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement One of the support posts 1114 is connected to PFC 1112 by a connection 1116. The connection 1116 may be a bolted connection, for example, one or more L-brackets bolted to the PFC 1112 and the support post 1114.

[0290] Figure 11c depicts a similar perspective view of an example of a support post connected to a floor portion of a module. The floor portion shown in Figure 11c may be a unitary slab 1122 with a recessed, or in-cut edge section. The support post 1124 is connected to the unitary slab 1122 by a connection 1126. The connection 1126 may be a bolted connection, for example, one or more [-brackets bolted to the unitary slab 1122 and the support post 1124.

[0291] Figure lid depicts a similar perspective view of an example of a support post connected to a floor portion of a module. The floor portion shown in Figure 11 d may be a unitary slab 1132 with a recessed, or in-cut edge section. The support post 1134 is connected to the unitary slab 1132 by a connection 1136. The connection 1136 may he a socket in the unitary slab 1132, into which the support post 1134 is inserted.

[0292] Figure lie depicts a similar perspective view of an example of a support post connected to a floor portion of a module. The floor portion shown in Figure 11 e may be a perimelral frame. The perimetral frame shown in Figure 11 e is defined by one or more PFCs 1140. S aid PFC(s) may be in the inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement In some examples, a small sheet of metal may be connected to the perimetral frame 1140 to define a platform 1142 for receiving a support post 1144. The platform 1142 may be welded to the perimetral frame 1140 or connected by a similar appropriate means. Similarly the support post 1144 may be connected to a plate 1146. The plate 1146 may be welded to the support post 1144 or connected by a similar appropriate means. The support post 144 is connectable to the perimelral frame 1140 by connecting the plate 1146 to the platform 1142. The connection between the plate 1146 and the platform 1142 may be a bolted connection or another similar and suitable connection. In some examples, the platform 1142 may be defined wholly by the perimetral frame 1140, i.e. the platform 1142 may not -in all examples -include the additional sheet of (welded) metal. Depicted in Figure 11e is also a pair of internal crossbars 1148a, 1148b. The internal cross bars 1148 may be defined by respective PFCs. The internal cross bars 1148 may span an interior section of the perimetral frame 1140 and may, optionally, provide structural support to the platform 1142 and thereby the support posts 1144.

[0293] Figure 12 depict a schematic of two module frames 1200, 1202 being stacked on atop another in line with the methods for connecting modules disclosed herein. As can be seen in Figure 12, an upper module 1202 is stacked on top of a lower module 1200 such that the floor portion of the upper module 1202 is mounted on the support posts of the lower module 1200. In the example depicted in Figure 12, neither module 1200, 1202 includes a ceiling portion comprising a perimetral frame (or similar), thereby reducing the inter-module (ceiling-to-floor) space.

[0294] Figure 13 depict a perspective sectional view of modules being connected in accordance with the methods for connecting modules disclosed herein.

[0295] As can be seen in Figure 13, a first module 1300 includes an access point 1302 at the top of the module 1300, for example at a top of an external wall panel of the module 1302. The first module is laterally connected to a second module 1310, and a third module 1320 is vertically connected on top of the second module 1310. As can be seen in the example shown in Figure 13, the ceiling of the second module 1310 may nest within the floor portion of the third module 1320. In the example shown in Figure 13, the ceiling of each module simply comprises boarding (or LGS panels) connected to the top of the external wall panel sections while the floor portion of each module includes a perimetral frame defined by a plurality of PFCs.. In some examples, the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement as described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0296] In Figure 13, a fourth module 1330 can be seen being lowered into position to connect to the first and third modules 1300, 1320. The fourth module 1330 includes an access point 1332 through the floor portion of the fourth module 1330. The fourth module 1330 is laterally connectable to the third module 1320 and vertically connectable to the first module 1300 through the access points 1302, 1332 of each module. The second and third modules 1310, 1320 may have respective access points that are not visible in Figure 13. After securing the fourth module 1330 to the first and third modules 1300, 1320 through the access points 1302, 1332, panels may be inserted to cover the access point in any of the floor portions of the modules.

[0297] Figure 14a depicts a perspective view of modules being connected in accordance with the methods described herein. Laterally adjacent modules may be connected by attaching a double socket 1402 to the laterally adjacent modules. The double socket may be a pair of socket elements connected by a joining member. As shown in Figure 14a, vertically adjacent modules may be connected by inserting a plugging member 1404 into one of the sockets of the double socket 1402. In this way, secure lateral and vertical connections can be achieved.

[0298] Figure 14b depicts a perspective view of modules being connected in accordance with an alternative implementation of the methods described herein. Each module amongst a plurality of modules may include a plugging member 1412 at the top of each module. Laterally adjacent modules may be connected by placing a double-ring member 1414 around the plugging members 1412 of laterally adjacent modules. The double-ring member 1414 may be in the shape of a "figure of eight', such that each loop of the figure-of-eight fits around one of the plugging members 1412 of the module.

[0299] In addition to the plugging members 1412 of each module, each module may include a complementary socket 1416 at the bottom of each module. Vertically adjacent modules may be connected by stacking an upper module on top of a lower module such that the plugging member 1412 of the lower module is inserted into the socket 1416 of the upper module. In this way, secure lateral and vertical connections can be achieved.

[0300] Figure 14c depicts a perspective view of modules being connected in accordance with an alternative implementation of the methods described herein. A first module 1420 is laterally connected to a second module 1421 by a first connecting plate 1422. The first connecting plate 1422 may be connected to the first and second modules 1420, 1421 at the top of a respective support post of each module. A third module 1423 is then vertically connectable to the first module 1420 through a second connecting plate 1424. The connection between the third module 1423 and the first module 1420 may be facilitated by a locator pin 1425 on the third module 1423 that is configured to pass through an aperture of the second connecting plate 1424. In some examples, the first and second connecting plates 1422, 1424 may be the same connecting plate, i.e. the first second and third modules 1420, 1421, 1423 may be connectable through a single connecting plate.

[0301] Figure 14d depicts an alternative configuration to that of Figure 14c. In Figure 14d, a first module 1430 is laterally connected to a second module 1431 by a first connecting plate 1432. The first connecting plate 1432 may be connected to the first and second modules 1430, 1431 at the top of a respective support post of each module. A third module 1433 is then vertically connectable to the first module 1430 through a second connecting plate 1434. The connection between the third module 1433 and the first module 1430 may be facilitated by a locator pin 1435 on the second connecting plate 1435 that is configured to engage with the third module 1433 and, optionally, the first module 1430. In some examples, the first and second connecting plates 1432, 1434 may be the same connecting plate, i.e. the first second and third modules 1430, 1431, 1433 may be connectable through a single connecting plate.

[0302] Figure 14e depicts a perspective view of an additional module being connected subsequent to the depiction in either of Figures 14c or 14d. First, second, and third modules 1440, 1442, and 1446 are connected to one another according to the description above in relation to Figure 14c or 14d. A fourth module 1448 is laterally connectable to the third module 1446. The lateral connection between the third and fourth modules 1446, 1448 may be a bolted connection through the perimetral frame defining the floor portion in the example shown in Figure 14e. Further, the fourth module 1448 is vertically connectable to the second module 1444 through the second connecting plate (discussed above in relation to Figures 14c and 14d). As discussed above, the second connecting plate may, in some examples, be the same plate as the first connecting plate.

[0303] Figure 15a depicts a sectional view of a first module 1500 with a second module 1510 stacked on top of the first [0304] Shown in Figure 15a is an external wall section 1502 and a ceiling panel 1504 of the first module 1500 and a floor frame 1512, a floor deck 1514, and an external wall section 1516 of the section module 1510. As can be seen in Figure 15a, the ceiling panel 1504 of the first module 1500 is attached at the top of the external wall section 1502 of the first module 1500. Ceiling panel 1504 may be attached to the external wall section 1502, for example, with an L-bracket or similar connection means. As in the example shown in Figure 15a, the ceiling panel 1504 may be positioned above the wall line, i.e. the line defined by the top of the external wall section 1502.

[0305] The ceiling panel 1504 of the first module 1500 can be seen to be nested within an area enclosed by the floor frame 1512 of the second module 1510. Said ceiling panel 1504 may comprise one or more LGS panels. The floor frame 1512 of the second module 1510 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. In some examples (unlike that shown in Figure 15a), the PFCs may be disposed in the inverted arrangement described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0306] The floor deck 1514 shown in Figure 15a may be a Lewis deck, or similar, connected to the floor frame 1512. In other examples, the floor deck 1514 may be replaced by one or more LGS panels or one or more LGS studs or similar. Alternatively, said LGS panels and/or studs may be included in the floor section of the second module 1510 in addition to the floor deck 1514. The floor deck may be connected directly to the floor frame 1512, or the floor deck 1514 and the floor frame 1512 may both be connected to the external wall section 1516.

[0307] Figure 15b depicts a sectional view of a first module 1520 with a second module 1530 stacked on top of the first in an alternative manner to that shown in Figure 15a.

[0308] Shown in Figure 15b is an external wall secbon 1522 and a ceiling panel 1524 of the first module 1520 and a floor frame 1532, a floor deck 1534, and an external wall section 1536 of the section module 1530. As can be seen in Figure 15b, the ceiling panel 1524 of the first module 1520 is attached at the top of the external wall section 1522 of the first module 1520. Ceiling panel 1524 may be attached to the external wall section 1522, for example, with an L-bracket or similar connection means. As in the example shown in Figure 15b, the ceiling panel 1524 may be positioned partially below the wall line, i.e. the line defined by the top of the external wall section 1522. In at least this way, the sectional view shown in Figure 15b differs from that shown in Figure 15a.

[0309] The ceiling panel 1524 of the first module 1520 can be seen to be nested within an area enclosed by the floor frame 1532 of the second module 1530. Said ceiling panel 1524 may comprise one or more LGS panels. The floor frame 1532 of the second module 1530 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. In some examples (unlike that shown in Figure 15b), the PFCs may be disposed in the inverted arrangement described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0310] The floor deck 1534 shown in Figure 15b may be a Lewis deck, or similar, connected to the floor frame 1532. In other examples, the floor deck 1534 may be replaced by one or more LGS panels or one or more LGS studs or similar. Alternatively, said LGS panels and/or studs may be included in the floor section of the second module 1530 in addition to the floor deck 1534. The floor deck may be connected directly to the floor frame 1532, or the floor deck 1534 and the floor frame 1532 may both be connected to the external wall section 1536.

[0311] Figure 15c depicts a sectional view of a first module 1540 with a second module 1550 stacked on top of the first in an alternative manner to that shown in Figures 15a or 15b.

[0312] Shown in Figure 15c is an external wall section 1542 and a ceiling panel 1544 of the first module 1540 and a floor frame 1552, a floor deck 1554, and an external wall section 1556 of the section module 1550. As can be seen in Figure 15c, the ceiling panel 1544 of the first module 1540 is attached at the top of the external wall section 1542 of the first module 1540. Ceiling panel 1544 may be attached to the external wall section 1542, for example, with an L-bracket or similar connection means. As in the example shown in Figure 15c, the ceiling panel 1544 may be positioned partially below the wall line, i.e. the line defined by the top of the external wall section 1542. In at least this way, the sectional view shown in Figure 15c differs from that shown in Figure 15a.

[0313] The ceiling panel 1544 of the first module 1540 can be seen to be nested within an area enclosed by the floor frame 1552 of the second module 1550. Said ceiling panel 1544 may comprise one or more LGS panels. The floor frame 1552 of the second module 1550 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. In some examples (unlike that shown in Figure 15c), the PFCs may be disposed in the inverted arrangement described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement. For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0314] The floor deck 1554 shown in Figure 15c may be a Lewis deck, or similar, connected to the floor frame 1552. In other examples, the floor deck 1554 may be replaced by one or more LGS panels or one or more LGS studs or similar. Alternatively, said LGS panels and/or studs may be included in the floor section of the second module 1550 in addition to the floor deck 1554. The floor deck may be connected directly to the floor frame 1552, or the floor deck 1554 and the floor frame 1552 may both be connected to the external wall section 1556. In the example shown in Figure 15c, the floor deck 1554 may be located lower than the lower wall line, i.e. the line defined by the bottom of the external wall section 1556. This may contribute to reducing the clearance space between the first and second modules 1540, 1550. In other words, by lowering the floor deck 1554 relative to the external wall section 1556 and the floor frame 1552, the inter-module ceiling-to-floor space can be reduced.

[0315] Figure 15d depicts a sectional view of a first module 1560 with a second module 1570 stacked on top of the first in an alternative manner to those shown in any of F igures 15a-c.

[0316] Shown in Figure 15d is an external wall section 1562, a ceiling panel 1564 and a suspended ceiling zone 1566 of the first module 1560 and a floor frame 1572, a floor deck 1574, and an external wall section 1576 of the section module 1570. As can be seen in Figure 15d, the ceiling panel 1564 of the first module 1560 is attached at the top of the external wall section 1562 of the first module 1560. Ceiling panel 1564 may be attached to the external wall section 1562, for example, with an L-bracket or similar connection means. As in the example shown in Figure 15d, the ceiling panel 1564 may be positioned partially below the wall line, i.e. the line defined by the top of the external wall section 1562. In at least this way, the sectional view shown in Figure 15d differs from that shown in Figure 15a. The suspended ceiling zone 1566 may comprise ceiling boarding to define an internal ceiling of the first module 1560. The suspended ceiling zone 1566 may be connected to the ceiling panel 1564 and/or to the external wall section 1562. The depth of the suspended ceiling zone 1566 may be reduced relative to the depth of the other suspended ceiling zones depicted in Figures 15a-c. In this way the intra-modular interior height i.e. the floor-to-ceiling height within a module, may be increased.

[0317] The ceiling panel 1564 of the first module 1560 can be seen to be nested within an area enclosed by the floor frame 1572 of the second module 1570. Said ceiling panel 1564 may comprise one or more LGS panels. The floor frame 1572 of the second module 1570 may be defined by a plurality of PFCs. In some examples (unlike that shown in Figure 15d), the PFCs may be disposed in the inverted arrangement described above. Alternatively, the PFCs may be in the non-inverted arrangement as discussed above. Alternatively, some of the PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement whilst others are in the non-inverted arrangement For example, a first pair of mutually opposing PFCs may be in the inverted arrangement while a second pair of mutually opposing PFCs (connecting the first pair of mutually opposing PFCs at mutually distal ends thereof) may be in the non-inverted arrangement [0318] The floor deck 1574 shown in Figure 15d may be a Lewis deck, or similar, connected to the floor frame 1572. In other examples, the floor deck 1574 may be replaced by one or more LGS panels or one or more LG5 studs or similar. Alternatively, said LG5 panels and/or studs may be included in the floor section of the second module 1570 in addition to the floor deck 1574. The floor deck may be connected directly to the floor frame 1572, or the floor deck 1574 and the floor frame 1572 may both be connected to the external wall section 1576.

[0319] Figure 16 shows a method for connecting modules. In a first operation S1600 a first and second module are vertically connected by stacking the second module on top of the first module. In some examples, vertically connecting the first and second modules involves connecting the floor portion of the second module to the ceiling of the first module. In some examples, vertically connecting the first and second modules involves nesting the ceiling of the first module within the floor portion of the second module.

[0320] In a further operation 51601, a third module is laterally connected to the first module.

In some examples, laterally connecting the first and third modules may involves connecting an edge of the floor portion of the first module to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of the third module and/or connecting and edge of the ceiling of the first module to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the third module.

[0321] In a further operation 51602, a fourth module is connected with the third module by stacking the fourth module on top of the third module. In some examples, vertically connecting the third and fourth modules involves connecting the floor portion of the fourth module to the ceiling of the third module. In some examples, vertically connecting the third and fourth modules involves nesting the ceiling of the third modules within the floor portion of the fourth module.

[0322] In a further operation 51603, the second and fourth modules are laterally connected to one another. In some examples, laterally connecting the second and fourth modules involves connecting an edge of the floor portion of the second module to an adjacent edge o fthe floor portion of the fourth module and/or connecting an edge of the ceiling of the first module to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the fourth module.

[0323] Figure 17 depicts a portion of a modular building comprising modules connected in a nested lattice configuration. The modular building 1700 comprises first second, third and fourth modules 1702, 1704, 1706, 1708. Each of the modules 1702, 1704, 1706, 1708 comprise a first pair of mutually opposing walls defining respective first and second side walls of each module, a second pair of mutually opposing walls defining respective front and back walls of each module, a respective floor portion, and a respective ceiling portion. As can be seen in Figure 17, the modules 1702, 1704, 1706, 1708 are arranged in a 'chessboard' pattern, such that a top section of the first side wall of the first module 1072 is connected to a bottom section of the second side wall of the second module 1704; a top section of the second side wall of the first module 1702 is connected to a bottom section of the first side wall of the third module 1706; a top section of the second side wall of the second module 1704 is connected to a bottom section of the first side wall of the fourth module 1708; and a top section of the first side wall of the third module 1706 is connected to a bottom section of the second side wall of the fourth module 1708. The connections are nested such that the ceiling portion of the first module 1702 is at the same height as the floor portions of the second and third modules 1704, 1706; and the ceiling portions of the second and third modules 1704, 1706 are at the same height as the floor portion of the fourth module 1708.

[0324] In other words, the modules 1702, 1704, 1706, 1708 are connected to form a nested lattice of diagonally adjacent modules. The four modules 1702, 1704, 1706, 1708 enclose a virtual, or 'ghost' module 1710 whose floor portion, side walls and ceiling portion are effectively defined by the ceiling portion of the first module 1702, the second side wall of the second module 1704, the first side wall of the third module 1706, and the floor portion of the fourth module 1708 respectively. The front and back walls of the ghost module 17010 may be formed, in some examples, from a pair of infill walls 1712. The infill walls may be stick-assembled walls or LGS panels.

[0325] Figure 18a depicts a sectional view of a pair of modules connected to one another in the nested lattice configuration described above. In the example depicted in Figure 18a, each module comprises a floor portion and a ceiling portion connected by a plurality of support posts. The support posts may be formed, in some examples, from hot-rolled steel columns. As can be seen in Figure 18a, the top of a support post of a first module 1800 may be connected to the bottom of a support post of a second module 1802, such that the two modules 1800, 1802 nest together. In other words, the ceiling portion of the first module 1800 and the floor portion of the second module 1802, when the modules are connected, may be at the same height [0326] Figure 18b depicts a section view of an alternate pair of modules connected to one another in the nested lattice configuration described above. In the example depicted in Figure 18b, each module comprises a plurality of light-gauge steel panels, the panels defining floor portions, ceiling portions, and wall sections of each of the pair of modules. As can he seen in Figure 18h, the top of a wall section of a first module 1804 may be connected to the bottom of a wall section of a second module 1806, such that the two modules 1804, 1806 nest together. In other words, the ceiling portion of the first module 1804 and the floor portion of the second module 1806, when the modules are connected, may be at the same height [0327] Figure 19 depict various perspectve views of a portion of a modular building comprising a module with additional wall panel sections hinged& connected to the module. Figure 19 shows three perspective views of first second, and third modules 1902, 1904, 1906 connected to be diagonally adjacent in the nested lattice configuration described above. The three modules 1902, 1904, 1906, together with a fourth (not shown) module define a ghost module 1908, as described above in relation to Figure 17. The third module 1906 comprises a pair of additional wall panel sections 1910, 1912 hingedly connected to the third module. The hinged wall sections 1910, 1912 may be stored flat against the underside of the floor portion of the third module 1906 and folded down away from the underside to define front and rear wall sections of the ghost module 1908. Once folded down, the hinged wall sections 1910, 1912 may be fixedly connected to the first module 1902 to ensure that the front and rear walls of the ghost module 1908 are secure and static.

[0328] Figure 20 shows a method for connecting modules in a nested lattice configuration to assemble a modular building. In a first operation S2000, a plurality of modules are placed diagonally adjacent to one another to define a lattice of diagonally adjacent modules. When arranged in the lattice configuration, the floor of a higher diagonally adjacent module may be disposed such that the floor portion of each higher diagonally adjacent module does not overlie the ceiling portion of each lower diagonally adjacent module.

[0329] Each of the modules of the modular building may comprise a floor portion, a ceiling portion, and first second, third and fourth external wall sections connecting the floor portion and ceiling portion. The first and second external wall sections define a first pair of mutually opposing walls of each module. The third and fourth external wall sections define a second pair of mutually opposing walls of each module.

[0330] In a further operation S2002, a bottom portion of the first external wall section of a first diagonally adjacent module may be connected to a top portion of the second external wall section of a second diagonally adjacent module.

[0331] In a further operation S2003, a bottom portion of the second external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module may be connected to a top portion of the first external wall section of a third diagonally adjacent module.

[0332] In a further operation S2004, a bottom portion of the third external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module may be connected to a top portion of the fourth external wall section of a fourth diagonally adjacent module.

[0333] In a further operation S2005, a bottom portion of the fourth extemal wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module may be connected to a top portion of the third external wall section of a fifth diagonally adjacent module.

[0334] In this way, the lattice arrangement of diagonally adjacent modules may resemble a chessboard-type pattern of alternating "real" i.e. physical modules and ghost modules. The floor, ceiling and walls of each ghost module may be defined by the ceiling portion, floor portion, and external wall sections of each neighbouring real module.

[0335] It will be understood that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one embodiment or may relate to several embodiments. The embodiments are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or those that have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages. Variants should be considered to be included into the scope of the invention.

[0336] Any reference to 'an' item refers to one or more of those items. The term 'comprising' is used herein to mean including the method steps or element identified, but that such steps or element do not comprise an exclusive list and a method or apparatus may contain additional steps or element.

[0337] Further, as used herein, the term "exemplary" is intended to mean "serving as an illustration or example of something".

[0338] Further, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.

[0339] The order of the steps of the methods described herein is exemplary, but the steps may be carried out in any suitable order, or simultaneously where appropriate. Additionally, steps may be added or substituted in, or individual steps may be deleted from any of the methods without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Aspects of any of the examples described above may be combined with aspects of any of the other examples described to form further examples without losing the effect sought.

[0340] It will be understood that the above description of a preferred embodiment is given by way of example only and thatvarious modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable modification and alteration of the above devices or methods for purposes of describing the aforementioned aspects, but one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that many further modifications and permutations of various aspect are possible. Accordingly, the described aspect are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claims A module for use in a modular building, the module comprising: a floor portion; and a plurality of support posts extending upwards from the floor portion, wherein the module is connectable to a second same module such that a ceiling of the module nests within the floor portion of the second same module.
2. The module according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of support posts are offset from corners of the floor portion.
3. The module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the plurality of support posts are connected to the floor portion at an edge of the floor portion.
4. The module according to any preceding claim, wherein the floor portion is a unitary slab.
5. The module according to any preceding claim, wherein the floor portion comprises a perimetral frame.
6. The module according to claim 5, wherein the floor portion further comprises one or more panels, insertable into the perimetral frame to fill an interior space of the frame.
7. The module according to claim 5, wherein the floor portion further comprises a plurality of supporting bars, insertable into the perimetral frame to laterally cross the frame.
8. The module according to claims, wherein an interior space of the frame is filled with a decking section.
9. The module according to any of claims 5 to 8, wherein the perimetral frame is defined by a plurality of parallel flange channels.
10. The module according to claim 9, wherein each of the parallel flange channels include a pair of flanges connected to a web, and wherein the respective pair of flanges of one or more of the parallel flange channels extends away from the respective web in a direction away from an interior space of the frame.
11. The module according to any preceding claim further comprising a ceiling portion connected to the plurality of support post towards an end distal from the floor portion.
12. The module according to claim 11, wherein an interior section of the ceiling portion protrudes above a boundary portion of the ceiling portion, wherein the module is connectable to a second same module such that the interior section of the ceiling portion nests within the floor portion of the second same module.
13. The module according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the ceiling portion includes a perimetral frame.
14. The module according to claim 13 as dependent on any of claims 5 to 10, wherein the perimetral frames of the floor and ceiling portions are substantially identical.
15. The module according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the ceiling portion further comprises one or more panels, insertable into the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion to fill an interior space of said frame.
16. The module according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the ceiling portion further comprises a plurality of supporting bars, insertable into the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion to laterally cross said frame.
17. The module according to any of claims 13 to 16, wherein the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion is defined by a plurality of parallel flange channels.
18. The module according to claim 17, wherein each of the parallel flange channels of the perimetral frame of the ceiling portion include a pair of flanges connected to a web, and wherein the respective pair of flanges of one or more of the parallel flange channels extends away from the respective web in a direction away from an interior space of said frame.
19. The module according to any of claims 11 to 18, wherein the ceiling portion includes an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.
20. The module according to any preceding claim, wherein the floor portion includes an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.
21. The module according to any preceding claim, the module further comprising a plurality of wall panels extending between the plurality of support posts to define exterior walls of the module.
22. The module according to any preceding claim, the module further comprising a wall panel extending from an edge of the floor portion towards an interior point of the floor portion to define an interior wall of the module.
23. The module according to claim 22, wherein the wall panel defining the interior wall is connected to one of the support posts.
24. The module according to claim 22, as dependent on claim 21, wherein the wall panel defining the interior wall is connected to a wall panel defining part of the exterior walls of the module.
25. The module according to claim 21, wherein at least one of the wall panels includes an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing connection between the module and another module connected thereto.
26. The module according to any of claims 21 to 25, wherein at least one of the wall panels includes an aperture suitable for defining a doorway and/or window.
27. The module according to any preceding claim, the module further comprising a first hinged wall section hingedly connected to an edge of the floor portion such that the first hinged wall section is movable between a first and second position, wherein in the first position, the first hinged wall section is laid against a bottom side of the floor portion, and in the second position, the first hinged wall section extends downwards from the floor portion in a direction opposite to the plurality of support posts.
28. The module according to claim 27, the module further comprising a second hinged wall section hingedly connected to an edge of the floor portion in the same way as the first hinged wall section, wherein the first and second hinged wall sections are connected to opposing edges of the floor portion.
29. An exterior wall section for a module according to any preceding claim, the wall section comprising: a plurality of support posts connectable to a floor portion of the module; and one or more wall panels extending between each pair of the plurality of support posts.
30. The exterior wall section according to claim 29, wherein each wall panel includes a perimetral frame.
31. The exterior wall section according to claim 29 or 30, wherein at least one of the wall panels includes an aperture suitable for defining a mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing connection.
32. The exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 31, wherein at least one of the wall panels includes an aperture suitable for defining a doorway and/or window.
33. The exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 32, the wall section further comprising a boarding section on an interior side of the wall section, the interior side being the side facing an interior of the floor portion of the module when the wall section is connected to the floor portion.
34. The exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 33, wherein the one or more wall panels includes a first straight wall panel, extending between a pair of support posts that are connectable to a same side of the floor portion of the module.
35. The exterior wall section according to claim 34, wherein the exterior wall section comprises a plurality of straight wall panels, each identical to the first straight wall panel.
36. The exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 35, wherein the exterior wall section is hingedly connectable to an edge of a floor portion of a module such that the exterior wall section is movable between a first and second position, wherein in the first position, the exterior wall section is laid against a bottom side of the floor portion, and in the second position, the exterior wall section extends downwards from the floor portion in a direction opposite to the plurality of support posts.
37. The exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 35, wherein the one or more wall panels includes a first corner wall panel extending between a pair of support posts that are connectable to different sides of the floor portion of the module, wherein the first corner wall panel includes two connected members, the members extending away from one another to respective support posts such that the first corner wall panel defines a corner of an exterior wall of the module.
38. The exterior wall section according to claim 37, wherein the exterior wall section comprises a plurality of corner wall panels, each identical to the first corner wall panel.
39. A method for assembling an exterior wall section according to any of claims 29 to 38, the method comprising: providing two support posts; providing a wall panel; and connecting the wall panel between the two support posts.
40. The method according to claim 39, further comprising: connecting a subsequent wall panel to one of the support posts.
41. The method according to claim 40, further comprising: connecting a subsequent support post to the subsequent wall panel.
42. The method according to claim 41, further comprising iterating the operations of connecting subsequent wall panels and subsequent support posts to define the exterior wall section.
43. A method for assembling a module for a modular building as set out in any of claims 1 to 28, the method comprising: connecting a plurality of support posts to a floor section such that the plurality of support posts extend upwards from the floor section.
44. The method according to claim 43, further comprising connecting a ceiling portion to the plurality of support posts towards an end of the plurality of support post distal from the floor section.
45. The method according to claim 44, wherein the ceiling portion includes a perimetral frame.
46. The method according to claim 44 or 45, further comprising connecting one or more interior wall sections to the floor and, optionally, ceiling portions, wherein each of the one or more interior wall sections extends from an edge of the floor and ceiling portions towards an interior space within the module.
47. The method according to any of claims 44 to 46, further comprising connecting one or more wall panels around the edge of the module between the floor portion and the ceiling portion and between the plurality of support posts to define one or more exterior wall sections of the module.
48. The method according to any of claims 44 to 47, further comprising inserting one or more panels into the ceiling portion.
49. The method according to claim 48, wherein the one or more panels fill an interior space of the ceiling portion and protrude above a boundary section of the ceiling portion such that the module is connectable to a second same module such that the one or more panels of the ceiling portion nest within the floor portion of the second same module.
SO. The method according to any of claims 43 to 49, wherein any one or more operations of the method is performed from outside the module
51. A method for assembling a module for a modular building as set out in any of claims 1 to 28, the method comprising: connecting a first exterior wall section to a floor portion; holding the first exterior wall section upright with one or more supporting members; connecting second and third exterior wall sections to the floor section and mutually distal ends of the first exterior wall section; and connecting a fourth exterior wall section to the floor section and the second and third exterior wall sections to enclose an interior area of the floor portion.
52. The method according to claim Si, wherein the one or more supporting members include corner sections of the first exterior wall section.
53. The method according to claim Si. wherein the one or more supporting members include removable posts.
54. The method according to any of claims 51 to 53, further comprising connecting an interior wall section to at least one of the exterior wall sections and the floor portion, the interior wall section extending from an exterior wall section towards the enclosed interior area of the floor portion.
55. The method according to any of claims 51 to 54, further comprising connecting a ceiling portion to the first second, third and fourth exterior wall sections, wherein an interior section of the ceiling portion protrudes above a boundary section of the ceiling portion such that the module is connectable to a second same module such that the interior section of the ceiling portion nests within the floor portion of the second same module.
56. The method according to any of claims 51 to 55, wherein any one or more of the operations of the method is performed from outside the module.
57. A modular building comprising a plurality of modules according to any of claims 1 to 28, wherein vertically adjacent modules are stacked atop one another such that the floor portion of a first vertically adjacent module is connected to the ceiling of a second vertically adjacent module.
58. The modular building according to claim 57, wherein laterally adjacent modules are connected such that an edge of the floor portion of a first laterally adjacent module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of a second laterally adjacent module and an edge of the ceiling of the first laterally adjacent module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the second laterally adjacent module.
59. A modular building according to claim 57 or 58, wherein the ceiling of the second vertically adjacent module nests within the floor portion of the first vertically adjacent module.
60. A method of assembling a modular building, the method comprising: providing a first module according to any of claims 1 to 28; providing a second module according to any of claims 1 to 28; and vertically connecting the first and second modules by stacking the second module on top of the first module by connecting the bottom of the second module to the top of the first module.
61. The method according to claim 60, wherein vertically connecting the first and second modules involves connecting the top of the support posts of the first module to the bottom of vertically aligned support posts of the second module.
62. The method according to claim 61, wherein vertically connecting the first and second modules involves connecting each pair of support posts of the first and second modules via a respective first connecting member.
63. The method according to any of claims 60 to 62, wherein vertically connecting the first and second modules involves nesting the ceiling of the first module within the floor portion of the second module.
64. The method according to any of claims 60 to 63, the method further comprising: providing a third module according to any of claims 1 to 28; and laterally connecting the third module to the first module such that an edge of the floor portion of the first module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of the third module and such that an edge of the ceiling of the first module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the third module.
65. The method according to claim 64, wherein laterally connecting the first and third modules involves connecting laterally adjacent support posts of the first and third modules.
66. The method according to claim 65, wherein laterally connecting the first and third modules involves connecting each pair of support posts of the first and third modules via a respective second connecting member.
67. The method according to any of claims 64 to 66, the method further comprising: providing a fourth module according to any of claims 1 to 28; and vertically connecting the third and fourth modules by stacking the fourth module on top of the third module by connecting the bottom of the fourth module to the top of the third module.
68. The method according to claim 67, wherein vertically connecting the third and fourth modules involves connecting the top of the support posts of the third module to the bottom of vertically aligned support posts of the fourth module.
69. The method according to claim 68, wherein vertically connecting the third and fourth modules involves connecting each pair of support posts of the third and fourth modules via a respective third connecting member.
70. The method according to claim 69 as dependent on claim 62, wherein the first and third connecting members are the same connecting member.
71. The method according to any of claims 67 to 70, wherein vertically connecting the third and fourth modules involves nesting the ceiling of the third module within the floor portion of the fourth module.
72. The method according to any of claims 67 to 71, the method further comprising: laterally connecting the fourth module to the second module such that an edge of the floor portion of the second module is connected to an adjacent edge of the floor portion of the fourth module and such that an edge of the ceiling of the second module is connected to an adjacent edge of the ceiling of the fourth module.
73. The method according to claim 72, where laterally connecting the second and fourth modules involves connecting laterally adjacent support posIs of the second and fourth modules.
74. The method according to claim 73, wherein laterally connecting the second and fourth modules involves connecting each pair of support posts of the second and fourth modules via a respective fourth connecting member.
75. The method according to claim 74 as dependent on claims 66 and 70, wherein the first, second, third and fourth connecting member are a single common connecting member.
76. The method according to any of claims 60 to 75, wherein the operation of connecting at least one pair of the first and second modules, the first and third modules, the third and fourth modules, and/or the second and fourth modules together may be carried out from inside at least one of the modules of the pair of modules.
77. A modular building comprising a plurality of modules according to any of claims 1 to 28, wherein modules are placed diagonally adjacent to one another to define a lattice of diagonally adjacent modules, wherein a first diagonally adjacent module is located above a second diagonally adjacent module and the first diagonally adjacent module is laterally displaced relative to the second diagonally adjacent modules such that the floor portion of the first diagonally adjacent module does not overlie the ceiling of the second diagonally adjacent module.
78. The modular building according to claim 77, wherein each module of the modular building comprises a floor portion, a ceiling portion, and first, second, third and fourth extemal wall sections connecting the floor portion and ceiling portion, wherein the respective first and second external wall sections define a first pair of mutually opposing walls of each module, and wherein the respective third and fourth external wall sections define a second pair of mutually opposing walls of each module; wherein for a set of diagonally adjacent modules: a bottom portion of the first external wall section of a first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the second external wall section of a second diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the second external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the first external wall section of a third diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the third external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the fourth external wall section of a fourth diagonally adjacent module; and/or a bottom portion of the fourth external wall section of the first diagonally adjacent module is connected to a top portion of the third external wall section of a fifth diagonally adjacent module.
79. The modular building according to claim 77 or 78, wherein a top section of the ceiling of a lower diagonally adjacent module is located higher than a bottom section of the floor portion of the higher diagonally adjacent module.
80. The modular building according to any of claims 77 or 79, the modular building comprising one or more ghost modules, wherein each ghost module is defined by the floor portion, ceiling and wall sections of vertically and laterally adjacent modules.
81. The modular building according to claim 80, wherein at least one of the modules comprises one or more hinged wall sections hingedly connected to the floor portion of said at least one module, wherein each hinged wall section is movable down away from the respective floor portion of said at least one module to define an exterior wall section of a ghost module.
82. A method of assembling a modular building, the method comprising: providing a plurality of modules according to any of claims 1 to 28; and placing the plurality of modules diagonally adjacent to one another to define a lattice of diagonally adjacent modules, wherein a first diagonally adjacent module is located above a second diagonally adjacent module and the first diagonally adjacent module is laterally displaced relative to the second diagonally adjacent module such that the floor portion of the first diagonally adjacent module does not overlie the ceiling of the second diagonally adjacent module.
83. The method according to claim 82, wherein the lattice of diagonally adjacent modules is arranged as described in claim 78.
84. The method according to claim 82 or 83, wherein a top section of the ceiling of a lower diagonally adjacent module is located higher than a bottom section of the floor portion of the higher diagonally adjacent module.
85. The method according to any of claims 82 to 84, wherein the latfice of diagonally adjacent modules defines one or more ghost modules as described in claim 80.
86. The method according to claim 85, wherein at least one of the modules comprises one or more hinged wall sections hingedly connected to the floor portion of said at least one module, and the method further comprises: moving the hinged wall section down away from the respective floor portion of said at least one module to define an exterior wall section of a ghost module.
87. The method according to any of claims 82 to 86, wherein the operation of connecting the modules of the modular building are performed from inside at least one of the modules.