GB2609925A

GB2609925A - Fluid valve

Info

Publication number: GB2609925A
Application number: GB2111743.7A
Authority: GB
Inventors: James Bedford William
Original assignee: Wath Group Ltd
Current assignee: Wath Group Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-16
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2023-02-22
Also published as: GB202202158D0; GB2610007A; GB202111743D0

Abstract

Valve cartridge 11 for a live insertion valve 10 for a pipe 102, comprising a valve member 14, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the valve member is moveable between an inactive state in which the valve member permits fluid flow through the pipe, and an active state where the valve member blocks fluid flow through the pipe. The valve member comprises first 18 and second 20 seals, wherein ,in use, the first seal blocks fluid flow along the pipe and the second seal blocks fluid flow in a direction transverse to the pipe when the valve member is in the active state. The second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal or vice versa. The first seal may be a U-shaped gate seal extending along a first plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The second seal may be an annular O-ring which acts along a second plane perpendicular to the first. The first seal may be compressible and have deformation reliefs to permit asymmetric deformation. The cartridge may have a rotatable actuating member which causes linear movement of the valve member. The valve may be used in water mains distribution.

Description

Fluid Valve

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a valve cartridge a live insertion valve for a pipe, and to a kit of parts including said valve cartridge and a casing for attachment to a pipe, and a live insertion valve assembly including said valve cartridge and said casing.

BACKGROUND

There is sometimes a need to block a flow along a pipe in a fluid distribution network, such as a water mains distribution network, e.g. in order to carry out maintenance or repair. Various valves exist which are intended for this purpose.

Live insertion valves are a particular type of valve used in water distribution networks.

Live insertion valves can be installed under live pressure and thus require no shutdown of the fluid network. This makes live insertion valves suitable for emergency repairs, as well as other applications.

Commonly, a casing is provided including a first portion, which surrounds a pipe to which the valve is to be fitted, and a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction transverse to the pipe. An opening in a side wall of a pipe is created in line with the second portion of the valve casing such that a live insertion valve cartridge can be installed via the second portion of the casing. In such applications, the live insertion valve cartridge typically includes a valve member which is introduced to the pipe via the second portion of the casing and through the opening in the side wall of the pipe. The valve member is arranged to move between an inactive state, in which fluid is permitted to flow along the pipe, and an active state, in which fluid is blocked from flowing along the pipe.

One issue with such known live insertion valve systems is that there is often leakage around the valve member when it is in the active state. In other words, while flow along the pipe may be generally inhibited by the valve member in the active state, it is difficult to block this flow entirely.

The present disclosure aims to overcome or at least mitigate one or more problems

associated with the prior art.

SUMMARY

According to a first aspect of the invention, a valve cartridge for a live insertion valve for a pipe is provided, the valve cartridge comprising a valve member, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the valve member is moveable between an inactive state in which the valve member permits a flow of fluid through a pipe, and an active state in which the valve member blocks a flow of fluid through a pipe; wherein the valve member comprises a first seal and a second seal, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the first seal is arranged to block a flow of fluid along said pipe and the second seal is arranged to block a flow of fluid in a direction transverse to said pipe when the valve member is in the active state; and wherein the second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal, and/or the first seal is at least partially seated on the second seal.

It will be understood that when a valve member blocks a flow of fluid through a pipe, pressure will build upstream of the valve member which may then urge fluid in a transverse direction to the pipe (e.g. through a transverse channel associated with the valve cartridge or a transverse pipe of a pipe arrangement). Flow of fluid in said transverse direction is blocked by the second seal on the valve member, thereby inhibiting leakage in a transverse direction.

The second seal being at least partially seated on the first seal and/or vice versa acts to prevent or inhibit a leak path forming between the first and second seals. Accordingly, improved sealing performance is achieved.

In exemplary embodiments, the second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal is at least partially seated on the second seal (e.g. at a first side of the valve member) and the second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal (e.g. at an opposing second side of the valve member).

In exemplary embodiments, valve member is configured so that, in use, the first seal is compressible towards the second seal when the valve member is in the active state.

The first seal being compressed towards the second seal improves the contact between the seals, which inhibits generation of a leak path and hence improves seal performance.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal and/or the second seal is formed of a compressible material.

The first and/or second seals being formed of compressible material allows the seals to adapt to the shape of each other and/or to the shape of the pipe and/or to the shape of a casing associated with the valve cartridge, which improves seal performance.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal is a gate seal which is configured to extend in a first plane such that, when in use, the first plane extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of a pipe; optionally, wherein the gate seal is a U-shaped gate seal.

Such a seal has been found to provide effective seal performance in applications such as live stopping of flows in water distribution networks.

In exemplary embodiments, the second seal is arranged to act along a second plane which is transverse to the first plane (e.g. perpendicular), optionally wherein the second seal is an annular seal, optionally an 0-ring.

Such an annular seal can inhibit leakage around an entire circumference of a transverse channel or secondary pipe of a pipe arrangement associated with the valve cartridge. An 0-ring has been found to be particularly effective for providing circumferential sealing.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal comprises first and second seat portions on opposing sides of the valve member, and wherein the second seal is seated on the first and second seat portions.

In exemplary embodiments, the second seal comprises first and second seat portions on opposing sides of the valve member, and wherein the first seal is seated on the first and second seat portions.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal comprises a first seat portion on a first side of the valve member and the second seal comprises a second seat portion on an opposing second side of the valve member, wherein the first seal is seated on the second seat portion and the second seal is seated on the first seat portion.

Such seat portions ensure the first and second seals contact each other, which inhibits a leak path between the first and second seals.

In exemplary embodiments, each of said seat portions in the first seal has a seat profile which conforms to a profile of a corresponding portion of the second seal.

In exemplary embodiments, each of said seat portions in the second seal has a seat profile which conforms to a profile of a corresponding portion of the first seal.

Such seat profiles increase the contact area between the first and second seals, which improves sealing performance and inhibits a leak path between the first and second seals.

In exemplary embodiments, the second seal comprises curved cross-sectional profile (e.g. the second seal comprises an 0-ring) and each seat portion in the first seal defines a curve or arc in cross-section which conforms to a cross-sectional profile of the second seal.

Having a curved or arced seat portion which conforms to a cross-sectional curved (e.g. circular) profile of the second seal (e.g. 0-ring) results in the seat portion partially extending around the cross-sectional curved profile of the second seal. This improves sealing performance and inhibits a leak path between the first and second seals.

In exemplary embodiments, the second seal comprises an annular seal and wherein each seat portion in the first seal is curved in a circumferential direction of the second seal to conform to a circumference (e.g. inner circumference) of the second seal.

Having a seat portion which conforms to a circumference of the annular second seal increases the contact area between the seat portion and the second seal in a circumferential direction. In other words, the annular second seal extends closely around the seat portions in a circumferential direction. This improves sealing performance and inhibits a leak path between the first and second seals.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal is a compressible seal comprising one or more deformation reliefs configured to permit asymmetrical deformation of the seal.

Such deformation reliefs improve sealing performance in pipes with internal profiles which are irregular and/or uneven and/or non-circular, because the first seal can be compressed asymmetrically in use to conform to the irregular/uneven/non-circular surface of the pipe.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal has an inner edge and an outer edge and each of the one or more deformation reliefs comprises a recess or cut-out on the inner edge.

Such a seal configuration has been found to facilitate effective asymmetrical deformation in use.

In exemplary embodiments, the first seal comprises a series of deformation reliefs along the inner edge.

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge comprises an actuation mechanism for moving the valve member such that, in use, the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member between the active and inactive states; optionally, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises a rotatable member, wherein rotation of the rotatable member in a first direction causes linear movement of the valve member in a first direction, and rotation of the rotatable member in a second direction causes linear movement of the valve member in the opposite direction.

Such an actuation mechanism provides a means for controlling the state of the valve member between the active and inactive states.

Having such a rotatable member allows standard rotational tools (e.g. alien keys, spanners, screw drivers and the like) to be used to actuate the valve member.

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, and wherein the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member relative to the fixed portion.

Such a fixed portion facilitates correct positioning of the valve within a pipe arrangement.

In exemplary embodiments, the fixed portion comprises a third seal, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the third seal is arranged to seal the fixed portion against a second pipe or a casing of a pipe arrangement.

Such a third seal inhibits fluid travelling around the fixed part (e.g. if fluid manages to bypass the second seal of the valve member, the third seal provides a redundant seal).

In exemplary embodiments, the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member linearly such that, in use, the valve member is moveable in a direction transverse to a pipe, in order to move between the active and inactive states.

Such a linear movement has been found to be an effective way of stopping flow through a pipe (e.g. a flow of water in a live water distribution pipe). Furthermore, linear actuation facilitates compression of seals (e.g. the first seal against a wall of the pipe and against the second seal) which improves seal performance.

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge further comprises an anti-rotation arrangement configured such that, in use, the anti-rotation arrangement is arranged to inhibit rotation of the valve member relative to a pipe.

Such an anti-rotation arrangement improves sealing by preventing rotation which could lead to gaps forming between the valve member and an associated pipe. Fixing the valve member rotationally also allows linear actuator mechanisms, such as leadscrew mechanisms or ballscrew mechanisms, to be used to move the valve member in a linear direction.

In exemplary embodiments, the anti-rotation arrangement comprises one or more projections, optionally a pair of spaced apart rods, configured to be fixed relative to a pipe when in use, and a corresponding one or more channels in the valve member for receiving the projections.

Such an anti-rotation arrangement has been found to provide an effective means for preventing rotation of the valve member. Furthermore, such an anti-rotation arrangement does not require a pipe or casing in which the valve member is moved through to be specially adapted to prevent rotation.

In exemplary embodiments, the actuation arrangement comprises a leadscrew mechanism comprising a leadscrew and a corresponding bore in the valve member for receiving the leadscrew, wherein the leadscrew and bore comprise complementary threads.

It will be understood that, because the anti-rotation arrangement inhibits rotation of the valve member relative to a pipe when in use, the complementary threads will cause the valve member to move linearly when the leadscrew is rotated. In this way, the valve member can transition between the inactive and active states by rotation of the leadscrew.

Such a leadscrew mechanism provides a simple and reliable means for moving the valve member in a linear direction. Furthermore, this allows standard rotational tools (e.g. alien keys, spanners, screw drivers and the like) to be used to move the valve member in a linear direction (via rotation of the leadscrew).

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, wherein the leadscrew is coupled to the fixed portion and wherein the valve cartridge further comprises a thrust bearing provided between the fixed portion and the leadscrew.

Such a thrust bearing facilitates easy rotation of the leadscrew (e.g. using unpowered hand tools).

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, wherein the leadscrew is coupled to the fixed portion, and wherein the valve cartridge further comprises a sealing arrangement between the leadscrew and the fixed portion.

Such a sealing arrangement inhibits fluid travelling along the leadscrew and through the fixed part.

In exemplary embodiments, the valve cartridge comprises an actuation mechanism having a rotatable member, wherein rotation of the rotatable member in a first direction causes the valve member to move in a first linear direction and rotation of the rotatable member in the second direction causes the valve member to move in a second linear direction opposite the first direction, and wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use in a pipe of a predetermined diameter, the number of turns of the rotatable member required to move the valve member from the active state to the inactive state and vice versa is a predetermined number of turns dependent on the predetermined diameter.

Having an industry standard number of turns allows an experienced operator to know when the live insertion valve associated with the valve cartridge has been fully opened/closed based on the number of turns applied to the rotatable member.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a kit of parts for a live insertion valve for a pipe is provided, the kit of parts comprising: a valve cartridge according to the first aspect of the invention; and a casing for coupling to a pipe; wherein the casing comprises a cylindrical channel configured to receive at least part of the valve cartridge and wherein the casing is arranged such that, when in use and coupled to a pipe, the cylindrical channel extends in a direction transverse to said pipe.

Such a kit of parts allows the valve cartridge to deployed in pipe arrangements where no pre-existing transverse casing or secondary pipe are present (i.e. by coupling the casing to the pipe and then positioning the valve cartridge within the pipe).

In exemplary embodiments, the casing comprises an opening at an end of the cylindrical channel, wherein the valve cartridge is configured for deployment through the opening.

In exemplary embodiments, the casing comprises a detachable cover for the opening at the end of the cylindrical channel.

Such a cover allows the casing to be closed once the valve cartridge has been deployed.

This inhibits ingress of dirt/debris or damage to the valve cartridge.

In exemplary embodiments, the casing comprises a flange at an end of the cylindrical channel, wherein the cover is configured for attachment to the flange.

This provides a simple means of attaching a cover to the casing.

In exemplary embodiments, the casing comprises a saddle portion for securing around the circumference of a pipe, and a channel body extending from the saddle portion, wherein the cylindrical channel is defined by the channel body.

In exemplary embodiments, the casing is arranged to cover an opening in a side wall of a pipe such that the channel body surrounds said opening.

In exemplary embodiments, the saddle portion comprises a two-part structure for attachment around the circumference of a pre-existing pipe.

In exemplary embodiments, the casing comprises an upper saddle portion configured to fit over an upper portion of a pipe circumference and a lower saddle portion configured to fit over a lower portion of a pipe circumference.

Such a two-part structure allows the casing to be fitted at a desired portion of a preexisting pipe without having to be slid over an end of the pipe, which may not be accessible in applications such as underground water distribution pipes.

In exemplary embodiments, the channel body is integrally formed with the upper saddle portion.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a live insertion valve assembly is provided, the live insertion valve assembly comprising: a pipe comprising a side wall having a pipe opening; a casing comprising a cylindrical channel configured to surround the opening and to extend in a direction transverse to the pipe; and a valve cartridge according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the valve cartridge is configured to be at least partially located within the cylindrical channel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

Embodiments of the disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following figures, in which: Figure 1 depicts a live insertion valve assembly according to an embodiment disclosed here, when the valve is in an inactive state, shown in cross-section along a longitudinal axis of the pipe; Figure 2 shows the live insertion valve assembly of Figure 1, with the valve in the active state; Figure 3 depicts the live insertion valve assembly of Figure 1, shown in cross-section along an axis transverse to the pipe; Figure 4 shows the live insertion valve assembly of Figure 3, with the valve in the active state; Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the seals of the valve of Figures 3 and 4; Figure 6 depicts a live insertion valve assembly according to an alternative embodiment; and Figure 7 is a table of the number of turns required to move the valves of Figures 1 to 6 between inactive and active states for different pipe diameters.

DETAILED DECRIPTION

Referring to Figures 1 to 5, a live insertion valve assembly is indicated generally at 100. The live insertion valve assembly 100 includes a section of a pipe 102 and a valve 10 coupled to the pipe 102.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pipe 102 is part of a water distribution network and the valve 10 is a live insertion valve. It will be appreciated that the valve 10 may be installed in a pipe of any type of fluid flow network.

The live insertion valve assembly 100 includes a casing 101 coupled to the pipe 102. The valve 10 includes a valve cartridge 11 arranged to be located in the casing 101 such that the valve cartridge 11 is configured to move between an active state, in which fluid is permitted to flow along the pipe 102, and an active state, in which fluid is blocked from flowing along the pipe 102.

The casing 101 includes a channel body 104 which is arranged transverse to the pipe 102 and in line with an opening 103 in a side wall of the pipe 102. As shown in the figures, the channel body 104 surrounds the opening 103. In some embodiments, the channel body 104 and the opening 103 are coaxial.

The casing 101 also includes a flange portion 106 coupled to the channel body 104, which defines an opening 105. As can be seen in the figures, the opening 105 is provided at an end of the casing 101 distal the pipe 102. The valve cartridge 11 is configured for deployment through the opening 105.

The channel body 104 and the flange portion 106 together define a cylindrical channel 107 in which the valve cartridge 11 is located.

The casing 101 also includes a cover plate 108 arranged for attachment to the flange portion 106 by fasteners 110, such that, when the cover 108 is attached to the flange 106, the opening 105 is covered.

This allows the valve cartridge 11 to be inserted or removed from the casing 101 (i.e. when the cover plate 108 is detached from the flange portion 106) whilst inhibiting ingress of dirt/debris or damage to the valve 10 in operation (i.e. when the cover plate 108 is attached to the flange portion 106).

In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, the channel body 104 is integrally formed with the pipe 102. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, the flange portion 106 and the channel body 104 are formed of separate components that are coupled together via any suitable means. In some embodiments (e.g. the embodiment of Figure 6 described below), the channel body 104 and the flange portion 106 are integrally formed.

In alternative embodiments the channel body 104 is provided as one or more separate components for coupling to the pipe 102.

For example, Figure 6 depicts an alternative live insertion valve assembly indicated at 1100. Corresponding features between the embodiments of Figures 1 to 5 are given the prefix "1" and only differences are discussed.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, the casing 1101 includes a saddle portion 1109 for securing around the circumference of the pipe 1102, and a channel body 1104 extending from the saddle portion 1109 in a direction transverse to the pipe 1102. In the embodiment of Figure 6, the casing 1101 is arranged to cover the opening 1103 in the pipe 1102, such that the channel body 1104 surrounds the opening 1103. In particular, the channel body 1104 and the opening 1103 are coaxial.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, the channel body 104 and flange portion 106 are integrally 25 formed.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, the saddle portion 1109 is substantially tubular (i.e. it surrounds the pipe 1102. In alternative embodiments, the saddle portion 1109 is formed in a two-part construction with a first saddle portion for covering a first portion of the pipe 1102 (e.g. an upper portion) and a second saddle portion for covering a second portion of the pipe 1102. It will be understood that in such embodiments the first and second saddle portions would be configured for attachment to each other (e.g. via fasteners).

In alternative embodiments, the saddle portion 1109 is welded around the opening 1103 of the pipe 1102 (e.g. the lower portion of the saddle portion 1109 may be omitted).

In alternative embodiments, the channel body 1104 is welded around the opening 1103 of the pipe 1102 (e.g. the entire saddle portion 1109 may be omitted).

Referring again to Figures 1 to 5, the valve cartridge 11 includes a fixed portion 12 and a valve member 14.

The fixed portion 12 is arranged to facilitate correct positioning of the valve cartridge 11 within the casing 101 and pipe 102. In the illustrated embodiments, the fixed portion 12 is fastened to the cover plate 108 by means of fasteners 112. In alternative embodiments, the fixed portion 12 is fastened to the pipe 102 or an alternative part of the casing 101, for example the channel body 104 or flange portion 106.

The valve member 14 is configured to move between an inactive state (as depicted in Figures 1 and 3), in which the valve member 14 permits a flow of fluid through the pipe 102, and an active state (as depicted in Figures 2 and 4) in which the valve member 14 blocks a flow of fluid through the pipe 102.

As will be described in more detail below, the valve cartridge 11 includes an actuation mechanism 16 for moving the valve member 14 between the active and inactive states (i.e. for moving the valve member 14 relative to the fixed portion 12). In the illustrated embodiments, the actuation mechanism 16 is configured to move the valve member 14 linearly in a first and second opposite linear directions transverse to the pipe 102 (i.e. upwards and downwards in the view of Figures 1 to 4), in order to transition between the active and inactive states.

The valve member 14 has a first seal 18 for blocking a flow of fluid through the pipe 102 when the valve member 14 is in the active state. The valve member 14 also has a second seal 20 for blocking a flow of fluid in a direction transverse to the pipe 102 (i.e. for blocking flow of fluid along the cylindrical channel 107 defined by the channel body 104 and flange portion 106). It will be understood that when the valve member 14 blocks a flow of fluid through the pipe 102, pressure builds upstream of the valve member 14 which urges fluid in a transverse direction along the cylindrical channel 107, but that such a transverse flow is inhibited by the second seal 20.

The first seal 18 is a gate seal which is configured to extend in a first plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the pipe 102. In the illustrated embodiments, the first seal 18 is a U-shaped gate seal, but in alternative embodiments the first seal 18 has a different shape.

The first seal 18 is fitted in a receiving groove 22 of the valve member 14, which provides a convenient means for securing the first seal 18 to the valve member (e.g. via fasteners 24 which extend across the receiving groove 22 and through the first seal 18). The receiving groove 22 has opposing inner faces connected by a perpendicular joining surface, which provides a tortuous path around an inner edge of the first seal 18 to inhibit leakage through the inner edge of the first seal 18. As best illustrated in Figures 3 to 5, the receiving groove 22 is approximately T-shaped to correspond to an inner edge of the U-shaped first seal 18. In alternative embodiments where the first seal 18 is of different shape, the receiving groove 22 will have a different shape which is complementary to the inner edge of the first seal 18.

The second seal 20 is arranged to act along a second plane which is perpendicular to the first plane of the first seal 18. In particular, the second seal 20 is an annular seal, which inhibits leakage around an entire circumference of the cylindrical channel 107. In the illustrated embodiments, the second seal 20 is an 0-ring, which provides particularly effective circumferential sealing.

The second seal 20 is seated on the first seal 18 which acts to prevent a leak path being formed between the first and second seals 18, 20. This improves sealing performance of the valve 10. In particular, the first seal 18 has first and second seat portions 26A, 26B on opposing sides of the valve member 14 and the second seal 20 is seated on the first and second seat portions 26A, 26B (as illustrated in Figures 3 to 5).

In the illustrated embodiments, each of the seat portions 26A, 26B has a seat profile which conforms to a profile of a corresponding portion of the second seal 20. In particular, each seat portion 26A, 26B defines a curve or arc in cross-section which conforms to a cross-sectional profile of the second seal 20 (i.e. a cross-sectional profile of the second seal 20 and seat portion 26A, 26B taken along a plane parallel to a length of the channel 107 and/or direction of movement of the valve member 14). In other words, the seat portions 26A, 26B partially extend around the profile of the second seal 20. In other words, where the 0-ring has a circular cross-sectional profile, the seat portions 26A, 26B partially extend around the circular profile.

While not visible in the figures, each seat portion 26A, 26B is also curved in a circumferential direction of the second seal 20 to conform to an inner circumference of the second seal 20. In other words, the second seal 20 extends closely around the seat portions 26A, 26B in a circumferential direction. It will be appreciated that the circumferential direction is with respect to the overall circumference of the annular 0-ring, which is coaxial with the circumference of the channel 107 and/or valve member 14.

Such complementary seat profiles 26A, 266 increase the contact area between the first and second seals 18, 20, which improves sealing performance and inhibits a leak path between the first and second seals 18, 20.

It will be understood that, as the valve member 14 moves linearly from the inactive to the active states (as depicted in the transition from Figures 1 to 2 and the transition from Figures 3 to 4), the first seal 18 comes into contact with an inner surface of the pipe 102.

As the first seal 18 is pressed against the inner surface of the pipe 102, the first seal 18 is compressed towards the second seal 20 when the valve member 14 is in the active state. In combination with the complementary seat profiles 26A, 266, this compression improves the contact between the seals 18, 20, which inhibits generation of a leak path and hence improves seal performance.

In the illustrated embodiments, the first and second seals 18, 20 are formed of a compressible material, which allows the seals 18, 20 to conform to the shape of each other, which inhibits generation of a leak path therebetween and hence improves seal performance. In addition, the first and second seals 18, 20 being formed of a compressible material also allows them to adapt to a certain extent to the shape of the pipe 102 and channel 107, which improves seal performance.

As best illustrated in Figure 5, the first seal 18 also has a series of deformation reliefs 28 which are configured to permit asymmetrical deformation of the first seal 18 when the valve member 14 is in the active state. Such deformation reliefs 28 improve sealing performance in pipes with particularly uneven or non-circular internal profiles. Asymmetrical deformation may be with respect to an axis of symmetry which is along the direction of movement of the valve member 14. In other words, the asymmetrical deformation may be with respect to a plane of symmetry which is perpendicular to the first plane defined by the first seal, and which is parallel to a direction of movement of the valve member 14 In the illustrated embodiments, the deformation reliefs 28 are recesses on the inner edge of the first seal 18. In alternative embodiments, the deformation reliefs 28 are reduced-thickness regions of the first seal 18 (e.g. reduced-thickness portions along the inner edge of the first seal 18). In alternative embodiments, the deformation reliefs 28 are regions of the first seal 18 which are made from a material which is more compressible than the rest of the first seal 18.

In addition to the first and second seals 18, 20 of the valve member 14, the valve cartridge 11 also includes a number of other seals which provide additional sealing in a transverse direction (e.g. to provide back-up sealing in the event that fluid manages to pass between the second seal 20 and the wall of the channel 107). For example: a sealing arrangement 48 in the form of two 0-rings is provided between a leadscrew 40 (described in more detail below) and the fixed portion 12; one or more seals 50 (e.g. 0-rings) are provided on the fixed portion 12 for sealing the fixed portion 12 against the flange portion 106; and a back-up seal 52 is provided on the valve member 14 above the second seal 20 as an additional seal for sealing the valve member 14 against the wall of the channel 107.

Each of the seals 20, 48, 50, 52 is fitted in a corresponding annular groove in the fixed portion 12, valve member 14 or leadscrew 40 respectively. For illustration purposes, an annular groove 54 in the fixed portion 12 is shown on Figures 1 to 4 with the corresponding seal removed.

In the illustrated embodiments, the valve cartridge 11 has an anti-rotation arrangement 30 configured to inhibit rotation of the valve member 14 relative to the pipe 102. Such an anti-rotation arrangement 30 improves sealing by preventing rotation which could lead to gaps forming between the first seal 18 and the pipe 102. Fixing the valve member 14 rotationally also facilitates use of a leadscrew actuation mechanism 16, which will be described in more detail below.

As best illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the anti-rotation arrangement 30 includes a pair of spaced apart rods 32A, 32B fastened to the fixed portion 12 (i.e. fixed relative to the pipe 102) and a corresponding pair of spaced apart channels 34A, 34B in the valve member 14 for receiving the spaced apart rods 32A, 32B. Such an anti-rotation arrangement 30 permits linear movement of the valve member 14 (since the rods 32A, 32B can slide within the channels 34A, 34B) but inhibits rotational movement, since the rods 32A, 32B cannot move in a transverse direction relative to a longitudinal axis of the channels 34A, 34B.

In alternative embodiments, the rods 32A, 32B are coupled to the valve member 14 and the corresponding channels 34A, 345 are provided in the fixed portion.

In alternative embodiments, the anti-rotation arrangement 30 has only a single rod and corresponding channel. In such embodiments, the rod and channel are off-centre with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve cartridge 11, and relative rotation between the fixed portion 12 and the valve member 14 around the rod is inhibited by the fixed portion 12 and valve member 14 being a close fit with the cylindrical channel 107 of the casing 101. In other words, the valve cartridge 11 and casing 101 are configured so that eccentric rotation of the fixed portion 12 and/or the valve member 14 about the rod is inhibited.

In alternative embodiments, the anti-rotation arrangement 30 has one or more different sorts of projections (e.g. elongate projections with a non-circular cross-section) and corresponding channels (e.g. elongate channels of corresponding non-circular cross-section).

In alternative embodiments, the anti-rotation arrangement 30 is provided in the form of complementary engagements between the valve member 14 and the casing 101 (e.g. corresponding hex profiles or lugs on the valve member 14 and complementary linear grooves in the channel body 104, etc.).

The actuation mechanism 16 has a rotatable member 36 and is configured so that rotation of the rotatable member 36 in a first direction causes the valve member 14 to move in a first linear direction towards the active state, and rotation of the rotatable member 36 in a second direction causes the valve member 14 to move in a second linear direction opposite the first linear direction towards the inactive state.

Having such a rotatable member 36 allows standard rotational tools (e.g. alien keys, spanners, screw drivers and the like) to be used to actuate the valve member 14. In particular, the rotatable member 36 extends through the cover plate 108 so that such tools can be coupled to an engagement portion 38 (e.g. a socket or hex) at an exposed end of the rotatable member 36.

In the illustrated embodiments, the actuation mechanism 16 is a leadscrew mechanism having a leadscrew 40 and a corresponding bore 42 in the valve member 14 for receiving the leadscrew 40. The leadscrew 40 and bore 42 have complementary threads. It will be understood that, because the anti-rotation arrangement 30 inhibits rotation of the valve member 14 relative to the pipe 102, the complementary threads of the leadscrew 40 and bore 42 will cause the valve member 14 to move linearly when the leadscrew 40 is rotated (i.e. to transition between the active and inactive states).

In the illustrated embodiments, the leadscrew 40 is coupled to the fixed portion 12 by a flange portion 44 of the leadscrew 40 which sits in a corresponding annular seat 46 in the fixed portion 12. In exemplary embodiments, a thrust bearing is provided between the fixed portion 12 and the leadscrew 40 (i.e. between the flange portion 44 of the leadscrew 40 and the seat 46 of the fixed portion). Such a thrust bearing facilitates easy rotation of the leadscrew 40 (e.g. using unpowered hand tools).

In alternative embodiments, the actuation mechanism 16 is a ballscrew mechanism or other type of linear actuator mechanism instead of a leadscrew mechanism.

It will be understood that the valve cartridge 11 can be manufactured in a range of sizes for application in pipes 102 of different predetermined diameters. In each case, the valve cartridge 11 is configured so that the number of turns of the rotatable member 36 required to move the valve member 14 from the active state to the inactive state and vice versa is a predetermined number of turns for the predetermined diameter of the pipe 102. In particular, the number of turns required for different diameters of pipe 102 are shown in Figure 7, which conforms to industry standards.

Having an industry standard number of turns allows an experienced operator to know when the valve 10 has been fully opened/closed based on the number of turns applied to the rotatable member 36.

Referring again to Figure 6, to install the valve 10, the casing 1101 is attached to the pipe 1102 and the opening 1103 is cut through the pipe 1102 such that there is fluid communication therebetween. In some embodiments, the pipe opening 1103 is cut first and then the casing 1101 is coupled to the pipe, and in other embodiments the order is reversed (i.e. the pipe opening 1103 is cut by tools inserted through the casing 1101).

Flow of fluid from a pipe which is in service may be controlled via a temporary slide gate. In this way, the live insertion valve can be fitted to a pipe without requiring shutdown of a portion of the fluid network.

In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, the step of cutting the pipe 102 would be omitted, since the channel body 104 and pipe 102 are integrally formed (i.e. as a T-shaped pipe section).

Once the casing 101, 1101 has been attached to the pipe 102, 1102, the valve cartridge 11 is inserted through the opening 105, 1105 of the casing 101, 1101. The cover plate 108, 1108 is fastened to the flange portion 106, 1106 of the casing 101 so that the valve cartridge 11 is sealed within the pipe arrangement 100, 1100 defined by the pipe 102, 1102 and the casing 101, 1101. Typically, the valve cartridge 11 will be installed in the inactive configuration illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 (i.e. with the valve member 14 in contact with the fixed portion 12), so that the first seal 18 does not block the flow of fluid along pipe 102, 1102 initially.

When it is desired to actuate the valve 10, an operator uses a suitable tool to rotate the rotatable member 36 in a first direction (e.g. clockwise), which causes the valve member 14 to move downwards. The operator continues to turn the rotatable member 36 until it is no longer possible to keep rotating and/or the predetermined number of turns has been applied. At this point, the valve member 14 will be in the active state illustrated in Figures 2 and 4, and flow of fluid will be blocked along the pipe 102, 1102 (by first seal 18) and blocked along the channel 107, 1107 (by second seal 20). This allows maintenance or repair to be carried out downstream of the valve 10.

When it is desired to open the valve 10 (e.g. when downstream maintenance or repair has been completed), the operator uses a suitable tool to rotate the rotatable member 36 in a second direction (e.g. anti-clockwise), which causes the valve member 14 to move upwards. This will quickly allow some flow around the first seal 18 and along the pipe 102, 1102. However, typically the operator will continue to rotate the rotatable member 36 in the second direction until it is no longer possible to keep rotating and/or the predetermined number of turns have been applied. At this point, the valve member 14 will be in the inactive state illustrated in Figures 1 and 3.

The process described above can be repeated as and when it is desirable to block/permit flow of fluid along the pipe 102, 1102.

Although the present disclosure has been described in relation to one or more embodiments, it will be appreciated that various changes or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims. For example, although the valve cartridge has been disclosed herein in the context of a live insertion valve, it will be appreciated that the valve cartridge and/or valve member can be used with any suitable valve arrangement.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A valve cartridge for a live insertion valve for a pipe, the valve cartridge comprising a valve member, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the valve member is moveable between an inactive state in which the valve member permits a flow of fluid through a pipe, and an active state in which the valve member blocks a flow of fluid through a pipe; wherein the valve member comprises a first seal and a second seal, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the first seal is arranged to block a flow of fluid along said pipe and the second seal is arranged to block a flow of fluid in a direction transverse to said pipe when the valve member is in the active state; and wherein the second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal, and/or the first seal is at least partially seated on the second seal.
2. A valve cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the second seal is at least partially seated on the first seal.
3. A valve cartridge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein valve member is configured so that, in use, the first seal is compressible towards the second seal when the valve member is in the active state.
4. A valve cartridge according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first seal and/or the second seal is formed of a compressible material.
5. A valve cartridge according to any preceding claim, wherein the first seal is a gate seal which is configured to extend in a first plane such that, when in use, the first plane extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of a pipe; optionally, wherein the gate seal is a U-shaped gate seal.
6. A valve cartridge according to claim 5, wherein the second seal is arranged to act along a second plane which is transverse to the first plane (e.g. perpendicular), optionally wherein the second seal is an annular seal, optionally an 0-ring.
7. A valve cartridge according to any preceding claim, wherein the first seal comprises first and second seat portions on opposing sides of the valve member, and wherein the second seal is seated on the first and second seat portions.
8. A valve cartridge according to claim 7, wherein each of said seat portions has a seat profile which conforms to a profile of a corresponding portion of the second seal.
9. A valve cartridge according to claim 8, wherein the second seal comprises curved cross-sectional profile (e.g. the second seal comprises an 0-ring) and each seat portion defines a curve or arc in cross-section which conforms to a cross-sectional profile of the second seal.
10. A valve cartridge according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the second seal comprises an annular seal and wherein each seat portion is curved in a circumferential direction of the second seal to conform to a circumference (e.g. inner circumference) of the second seal.
11. A valve cartridge according to any preceding claim, wherein the first seal is a compressible seal comprising one or more deformation reliefs configured to permit asymmetrical deformation of the seal.
12. A valve cartridge according to claim 11, wherein the first seal has an inner edge and an outer edge and each of the one or more deformation reliefs comprises a recess or cut-out on the inner edge.
13. A valve cartridge according to claim 12, wherein the first seal comprises a series of deformation reliefs along the inner edge.
14. A valve cartridge according to any preceding claim, wherein the valve cartridge comprises an actuation mechanism for moving the valve member such that, in use, the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member between the active and inactive states; optionally, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises a rotatable member, wherein rotation of the rotatable member in a first direction causes linear movement of the valve member in a first direction, and rotation of the rotatable member in a second direction causes linear movement of the valve member in the opposite direction.
15. A valve cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, and wherein the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member relative to the fixed portion.
16. A valve cartridge according to claim 15, wherein the fixed portion comprises a third seal, wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use, the third seal is arranged to seal the fixed portion against a second pipe or a casing of a pipe arrangement.
17. A valve cartridge according to any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the actuation mechanism is configured to move the valve member linearly such that, in use, the valve member is moveable in a direction transverse to a pipe, in order to move between the active and inactive states.
18. A valve cartridge according to claim 17, further comprising an anti-rotation arrangement configured such that, in use, the anti-rotation arrangement is arranged to inhibit rotation of the valve member relative to a pipe.
19. A valve cartridge according to claim 18, wherein the anti-rotation arrangement comprises one or more projections, optionally a pair of spaced apart rods, configured to be fixed relative to a pipe when in use, and a corresponding one or more channels in the valve member for receiving the projections.
20. A valve cartridge according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the actuation arrangement comprises a leadscrew mechanism comprising a leadscrew and a corresponding bore in the valve member for receiving the leadscrew, wherein the leadscrew and bore comprise complementary threads.
21. A valve cartridge according to claim 20, wherein the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, wherein the leadscrew is coupled to the fixed portion and wherein the valve cartridge further comprises a thrust bearing provided between the fixed portion and the leadscrew.
22. A valve cartridge according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the valve cartridge comprises a fixed portion for locating the valve cartridge in position when in use, wherein the leadscrew is coupled to the fixed portion, and wherein the valve cartridge further comprises a sealing arrangement between the leadscrew and the fixed portion.
23. A valve cartridge according to any preceding claim, wherein the valve cartridge comprises an actuation mechanism having a rotatable member, wherein rotation of the rotatable member in a first direction causes the valve member to move in a first linear direction and rotation of the rotatable member in the second direction causes the valve member to move in a second linear direction opposite the first direction, and wherein the valve cartridge is configured such that, in use in a pipe of a predetermined diameter, the number of turns of the rotatable member required to move the valve member from the active state to the inactive state and vice versa is a predetermined number of turns dependent on the predetermined diameter.
24. A kit of parts for a live insertion valve for a pipe, the kit of parts comprising: a valve cartridge according to any preceding claim; and a casing for coupling to a pipe; wherein the casing comprises a cylindrical channel configured to receive at least part of the valve cartridge and wherein the casing is arranged such that, when in use and coupled to a pipe, the cylindrical channel extends in a direction transverse to said pipe.
25. A live insertion valve assembly comprising: a pipe comprising a side wall having a pipe opening; a casing comprising a cylindrical channel configured to surround the opening and to extend in a direction transverse to the pipe; and a valve cartridge according to any of claims 1 to 23, wherein the valve cartridge is configured to be at least partially located within the cylindrical channel.