GB2604380A - An air to air counter flow heat exchanger - Google Patents

An air to air counter flow heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2604380A
GB2604380A GB2103052.3A GB202103052A GB2604380A GB 2604380 A GB2604380 A GB 2604380A GB 202103052 A GB202103052 A GB 202103052A GB 2604380 A GB2604380 A GB 2604380A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
flow path
counter flow
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB2103052.3A
Other versions
GB202103052D0 (en
Inventor
Parker Michael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Recovery Ind Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Energy Recovery Ind Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Recovery Ind Corp Ltd filed Critical Energy Recovery Ind Corp Ltd
Priority to GB2103052.3A priority Critical patent/GB2604380A/en
Publication of GB202103052D0 publication Critical patent/GB202103052D0/en
Publication of GB2604380A publication Critical patent/GB2604380A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the heat-exchange media travelling at an angle to one another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels

Abstract

An air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 having a cavity wall that defines a heat exchange cavity 2, a plurality of spaced apart plates within the cavity and arranged such that the gaps between them define at least one first air flow path 13 and at least one second air flow path 14. Each air flow path extends from a corresponding air input port 7, 8 to a corresponding air output port 9,10, each first air flow path being in thermal contact with at least one second air flow path. The air input ports and air output ports are arranged such that the first air input and output ports on one side of a dividing plane 18 and the second air input and output ports on the other side of the dividing plane. The cavity wall may include first 4 and second 5 end faces with a sidewall between, with the air input and output ports extending through the side wall 6. The thickness of the air flow paths that extend between end plates (12, figure 4) may vary with position within the heat exchanger.

Description

An air to air counter flow heat exchanger.
The present invention relates to an air to air counter flow heat exchanger. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to an air to air counter flow heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange cavity defined by a cavity wall and a plurality of spaced apart plates within the cavity, the plurality of spaced apart plates defining first and second air flow paths in thermal contact with each other, the first air flow path extending from an air input port to an air output port and the second air flow path extending from a second air input port to a second air output port, the ports being arranged such that one can arrange an imaginary dividing plane within the heat exchange cavity with the first air input port and first air output port on one side of the imaginary dividing plane and the second air input port and second air output port on the other side of the imaginary dividing plane.
Air to air counter flow heat exchangers are known. A counter flow heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange cavity defined by a cavity wall. Arranged within the cavity are a plurality of spaced apart plates which define a plurality of first air flow paths and a plurality of second air flow paths. In use air enters the first air paths by a first air input port and exits via a first air output port. Similarly air enters the send air flow paths by a second air input port and exits by a second air output port. Within the exchanger heat is exchanged between air in the first and second air flow paths through the plates.
The first air input and output ports extend through the cavity wall at diagonally opposite corners of the heat exchange cavity. Similarly, the second air input and output ports extend through the cavity wall at diagonally opposite corners of the heat exchange cavity. This ensures an equal pressure drop for the air in the first and second air flow paths.
A problem with such an arrangement is that because the air in an air flow path enters and exits the heat exchanger at opposite corners the conditioned air cannot be returned directly to the space to be conditioned.
The present invention seeks to overcome the problems of the prior art.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an air to air counter flow heat exchanger comprising a cavity wall defining a heat exchange cavity; a plurality of spaced apart plates within the heat exchange cavity, the plates being arranged such that the gaps between them define at least one first air flow path and at least one second air flow path; each first air flow path extending from a first air input port to a first air output port, the first air input port and first air output port extending through the cavity wall; each second air flow path extending from a second air input port to a second air output port, the second air input port and second air output port extending through the cavity wall; each first air flow path being in thermal contact with at least one second air flow path; the air input ports and air output ports being arranged such that one can arrange an imaginary dividing plane within the heat exchange cavity in a dividing position with the first air input and output ports on one side of the imaginary dividing plane and the second air input and output ports on the other side of the imaginary dividing plane.
The air to air counter flow heat exchanger according to the invention has, for each air input port, the associated air output port on the same side of the heat exchange cavity. Conditioned air can therefore be returned directly to the space to be conditioned.
Preferably the cavity wall comprises first and second end faces and a side wall extending therebetween, the air input and output ports extending through the side wall.
Preferably the first and second end faces are parallel.
Preferably the plates are substantially parallel to at least one of the end faces.
Preferably the air to air counter flow heat exchanger comprises a plurality of first air flow paths and a plurality of second air flow paths.
Preferably at least some of the first and second air flow paths are interdigitated.
Preferably at least some of the first and second air flow paths are interdigitated in a height direction extending from the first end face to the second end face.
Preferably the air to air counter flow heat exchanger further comprises at least one flow control plate arranged in in at least one air flow path for directing the flow of air in the air flow path.
Preferably the flow control plate extends in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate.
Preferably for at least one air flow path the thickness of the air flow path in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate is constant.
Preferably for at least one air flow path the thickness of the air flow path in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate varies with position within the heat exchange cavity.
Preferably when in the dividing position the imaginary dividing plane is substantially normal to at least one of the first and second end faces.
Preferably the air to air counter flow heat exchanger has a mirror symmetry about the imaginary dividing plane when the imaginary dividing plane is in the dividing position.
The present invention will now be described by way of example only and not in any!imitative sense with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows a known air to air counter flow heat exchanger in perspective view; Figure 2 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger of figure 1 installed adjacent to the wall of a space to be temperature controlled; Figure 3 shows, in perspective view, an air to air counter flow heat exchanger according to the invention; Figure 4 shows the plates of the air to air counter flow heat exchanger of figure 3 in vertical cross section; Figure 5 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger of figure 3 in plan view; Figure 6 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger of figure 3 installed adjacent to the wall of a space that is to be temperature controlled; Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of an air to air counter flow heat exchanger according to the invention in plan view; Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of an air to air counter flow heat exchanger according to the invention in plan view; and, Figures 9(a) and 9(b) show the plates of further embodiments of an air to air counter flow heat exchanger according to the invention in side view.
Shown in figure 1 is a known air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 in perspective view. The air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange cavity 2 defined by a cavity wall 3.
The cavity wall 3 comprises first and second end faces 4,5 and a side wall 6 extending therebetween. The side wall 6 is shown transparent so that the contents of the heat exchange cavity 2 can be seen Arranged in the side wall are first and second air input ports 7,8 and first and second air output ports 9,10. In this embodiment the air input and output ports 7,8,9,10 extend from one end face to the other but in other embodiment is may not be the case. The input and output ports 7,8,9,10 are covered with grills 11 to prevent the ingress of large objects. In alternative embodiments such grills 11 are not employed. The first air input port 7 is diagonally opposite the first air output port 9. The second air input port 8 is diagonally opposite the second air output port 11.
Arranged within the heat exchange cavity 2 is a plurality of spaced apart plates 12. The plates 12 are substantially parallel to each other and to the first and second end faces 4,5. The plates 12 are arranged such that the gaps between them define a plurality of first air flow paths 13 and a plurality of second air flow paths 14. The first and second air flow paths 13,14 are interdigitated in a height direction (H) extending between the first and second end faces 4,5. Each first air flow path 13 extends from the first air input port 7 to the first air output port 9. Each second air flow path 14 extends from the second air input port 8 to the second air output port 10.
In use air enters the first air input port 7, flows along the first air flow paths 13 and exits the first air output port 9. Simultaneously air enters the second air input port 8, flows along the second air flow paths 14 and exits the second air output port 10. Heat is exchanged between the air in the first air flow paths 13 and the second air flow paths 14 through the plates 12. The plates 12 are typically thin to increase the thermal contact between the air in adjacent air flow paths. The plates 12 are typically a metal such as aluminium or a plastics material.
Figure 2 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 adjacent to the wall of a space 15 which is to be temperature controlled. As can be seen, air which enters the first air input port 7 from inside the space 15 exits the first air output port 9 outside of the space 15 on the opposite side of the counter flow heat exchanger 1 to the space 15. Air which enters the second air input port 8 outside the space 15 exits the second air output port 10 outside the space 15 between the counter flow heat exchanger land the space 15. A long folded conduit 16 is required to return the air from the first air output port 9 back to the space 15. A second folded conduit 17 is required between the counter flow heat exchanger 1 and space 15 to direct the air from the second air output port 10 away to atmosphere. This increases the installation cost and is also unsightly. In some locations there may not be space to make this possible.
Shown in figure 3 in perspective view is an air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 according to the invention. This is similar to that of figure 1 except the first air input port 7 and first air output port 9 are on the same side of the heat exchanger 1. Similarly, the second air input port 8 and second air output port 10 are on the same side of the heat exchanger 1. To put this another way, the air input and output ports 7,8,9,10 are arranged in the side wall 6 such that one can arrange an imaginary dividing plane 18 within the heat exchange cavity 2 in a dividing position. In this figure the imaginary dividing plane is vertical with the top edge shown. When in this dividing position the first air input port 7 and first air output port 9 lie on one side of the imaginary dividing plane 18 and the second air input port 8 and second air output port 10 lie on the other side of the imaginary dividing plane 18. As can be seen from figure 3, as one travels around the side wall 6 in a direction parallel to the first and second end faces 4,5 the first air input port 7 is adjacent to the first air output port 9 and the second air input port 8 is adjacent to the second air output port 10.
In figure 3 the imaginary dividing plane 18 is normal to the first and second end faces 4,5 and the air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 has mirror symmetry about the imaginary dividing plane 18.
Figure 4 shows the first and second end faces 4,5 and the plates 12 in vertical cross section in a plane (X) parallel to the imaginary dividing plane 18. Air flow in the first air flow paths 13 is shown dotted. Air flow in the second air flow paths 14 is shown solid. As can be seen the plates 12 are arranged such that the first and second air flow paths 13,14 are interdigitated in a height direction (H) extending from the first end face 4 to the second end face 5. In this embodiment for each air flow path 13,14 the thickness of the air flow path 13,14 in the height direction (H) is constant (ie independent of position) within the heat exchange cavity 2.
Also shown in figure 4 are end plates 19 proximate to the first air input and first air output ports 7,9. The end plates 19 ensure that air which enters the first air input port 7 only flows along the first air flow paths 13 and only exits the first air output port 9. Similar end plates 19 proximate to the second air input and output ports 8,10 ensure that air which enters the second air input port 8 only flows along the second air flow paths 14 and only exits the second air output port 10.
Figure 5 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 of figure 3 in plan view again showing air flow in the first and second air flow paths 13,14.
Figure 6 shows the air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 of figure 3 installed proximate to the wall of a space 15 which is to be temperature controlled. The air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 is installed with the imaginary dividing plane 18 parallel with the wall. As can be seen, air which enters from the space 15 into the heat exchanger 1 is returned by the heat exchanger 1 directly into the space 15 by means of a short conduit 20. Similarly air outside the space 15 which enters the heat exchanger 1 is returned outside the space 15. No long or folded conduits are required. Also, no conduit is required in the space between the counter flow heat exchanger 1 and the wall for exhausting air to atmosphere. This reduces installation cost. It also reduced the space required and is more aesthetically pleasing.
Figure 7 shows, in plan view, a further embodiment of an air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 according to the invention. This embodiment is similar to that of figure 5 except is further comprises a plurality of flow control plates 21 arranged in the air flow paths 13,14 which extend in the height
S
direction (H). The flow control plates 21 direct the flow of air in the first and second air flow paths 13,14.
Figure 8 shows, in plan view, a further embodiment of an air to air counter flow heat exchanger 1 according to the invention. Compared to figure 7 this embodiment includes a larger number of flow control plates 21 so providing a finer degree of control of the air flow in the air flow paths 13,14.
In all of the above embodiments the thickness of each of the air flow paths 13,14 in the height direction (H) is constant throughout the heat exchange cavity 2. In alternative embodiments of the invention the thickness of at least some of the air flow paths 13,14 varies with position within the heat exchange cavity 2. Portions of air flow paths 13,14 that are less thick have a higher resistance to air flow. By adjusting the shape of air flow paths 13,14 one can balance the quantity of air evenly across the heat exchanger 1. Figure 9(a) shows the edges of the plates 12 of a further embodiment of the invention looking into the first air input port 7. In this embodiment the plates 12 are not of uniform thickness in the height direction (H). Accordingly the portions of air flow paths 13,14 close to one edge of the heat exchanger 1 are not as thick as the portions of the same air flow paths 13,14 near the opposite edge of the heat exchanger 1. Figure 9(b) shows the edges of the plates 12 of a further embodiment of the invention again looking into the first air input port 7. In this embodiment whilst the plates 12 are of uniform thickness they are not parallel so achieving the same effect.

Claims (13)

  1. CLAIMS1. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger comprising a cavity wall defining a heat exchange cavity; a plurality of spaced apart plates within the heat exchange cavity, the plates being arranged such that the gaps between them define at least one first air flow path and at least one second air flow path; each first air flow path extending from a first air input port to a first air output port, the first air input port and first air output port extending through the cavity wall; each second air flow path extending from a second air input port to a second air output port, the second air input port and second air output port extending through the cavity wall; each first air flow path being in thermal contact with at least one second air flow path; the air input ports and air output ports being arranged such that one can arrange an imaginary dividing plane within the heat exchange cavity in a dividing position with the first air input and output ports on one side of the imaginary dividing plane and the second air input and output ports on the other side of the imaginary dividing plane.
  2. 2. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavity wall comprises first and second end faces and a side wall extending therebetween, the air input and output ports extending through the side wall.
  3. 3. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first and second end faces are parallel.
  4. 4. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in either of claims 2 or 3, wherein the plates are substantially parallel to at least one of the end faces.
  5. 5. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising a plurality of first air flow paths and a plurality of second air flow paths.
  6. 6. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5 wherein at least some of the first and second air flow paths are interdigitated.
  7. 7. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least some of the first and second air flow paths are interdigitated in a height direction extending from the first end face to the second end face.
  8. 8. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7 further comprising at least one flow control plate arranged in in at least one air flow path for directing the flow of air in the air flow path.
  9. 9. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, wherein the flow control plate extends in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate.
  10. 10. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein for at least one air flow path the thickness of the air flow path in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate is constant.
  11. 11. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein for at least one air flow path the thickness of the air flow path in a height direction which extends from the first end plate to the second end plate varies with position within the heat exchange cavity.
  12. 12. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein when in the dividing position the imaginary dividing plane is substantially normal to at least one of the first and second end faces.
  13. 13. An air to air counter flow heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the air to air counter flow heat exchanger has a mirror symmetry about the imaginary dividing plane when the imaginary dividing plane is in the dividing position.
GB2103052.3A 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 An air to air counter flow heat exchanger Withdrawn GB2604380A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2103052.3A GB2604380A (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 An air to air counter flow heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2103052.3A GB2604380A (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 An air to air counter flow heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB202103052D0 GB202103052D0 (en) 2021-04-21
GB2604380A true GB2604380A (en) 2022-09-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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GB2103052.3A Withdrawn GB2604380A (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 An air to air counter flow heat exchanger

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2321110A (en) * 1936-08-25 1943-06-08 Servel Inc Heat exchanger
GB1071682A (en) * 1964-04-10 1967-06-14 Head Wrightson & Co Ltd Improvements relating to heat exchangers
WO1982000194A1 (en) * 1980-07-07 1982-01-21 Goloff A Low profile heat exchanger and method of making the same
CA1183834A (en) * 1982-03-29 1985-03-12 Clarence J. Carlson Flat plate heat exchanger
US5829513A (en) * 1992-03-12 1998-11-03 Urch; John Francis Moulded baffle heat exchanger
EP2428758A2 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-14 GEA Air Treatment GmbH Plate heat exchanger with air dividing sheet
US20120196523A1 (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-08-02 Honeywell (China) Co., Ltd. High efficiency energy recovery core for ventilation
US20200263345A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2020-08-20 Watergen Ltd. Planar element for forming heat exchanger
US10852028B2 (en) * 2015-01-26 2020-12-01 Zehnder Group International Ag Heat exchanger block and heat recovery ventilation unit comprising it

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2321110A (en) * 1936-08-25 1943-06-08 Servel Inc Heat exchanger
GB1071682A (en) * 1964-04-10 1967-06-14 Head Wrightson & Co Ltd Improvements relating to heat exchangers
WO1982000194A1 (en) * 1980-07-07 1982-01-21 Goloff A Low profile heat exchanger and method of making the same
CA1183834A (en) * 1982-03-29 1985-03-12 Clarence J. Carlson Flat plate heat exchanger
US5829513A (en) * 1992-03-12 1998-11-03 Urch; John Francis Moulded baffle heat exchanger
EP2428758A2 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-14 GEA Air Treatment GmbH Plate heat exchanger with air dividing sheet
US20120196523A1 (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-08-02 Honeywell (China) Co., Ltd. High efficiency energy recovery core for ventilation
US20200263345A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2020-08-20 Watergen Ltd. Planar element for forming heat exchanger
US10852028B2 (en) * 2015-01-26 2020-12-01 Zehnder Group International Ag Heat exchanger block and heat recovery ventilation unit comprising it

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