GB2601425A - Collapsible building apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A building apparatus 10 comprises a first 21 and second layer 22, and a connecting element 30 configured to connect the layers. The building apparatus has a stowed configuration in which the connecting element is in a stowed state and a deployed configuration in which the connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to keep the layers apart from one another. The apparatus further comprises a locking element 40, for maintaining the apparatus in the deployed state, with first (41 fig.9) and second (40 fig.9) portions hingedly connected to one another. The first portion is attached to the first layer. There may be a plurality of locking elements, in pairs, disposed at or near an edge of the first or second layer. In the stowed configuration the second position of the locking element may be parallel to the first and second layers and perpendicular in the deployed position. The apparatus may be used as a void form to protect foundations against soil heave. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing and installing the described apparatus, and a kit of parts for making a similar apparatus lacking the locking element.

Description

Collapsible building apparatus

Field of the invention

The present disclosure relates to a building apparatus, and in particular, but not limited to, a collapsible construction apparatus.

Background

The erection of building structures is a complex engineering process involving many stages.

Typically, before any building structure may be erected, preparatory work is require to ensure that adequate support for the building is provided both during, and after, completion of the building.

In particular, when considering the type of foundations that should be built, a number of parameters must be taken into consideration, including not only the type of building, but also environmental parameters including, for example, the type of soil.

In particular, clay soils can be prone to expansion and shrinkage (also known as "heave") depending on the moisture content of the soil. As such, it is common, prior to laying concrete for construction of the building, to seek to protect the building from potential heave by lining certain areas of the ground with one or more layers of compressible material, such as, for example, expanded polystyrene materials such as CellcoreTM. These materials are typically referred to as void formers.

A problem with conventional void formers, and in particular with cellular or honeycomb structures, is their bulky nature. These products typically have a defined shape and a volume, and may have a typical thickness in the region of 200 mm. Thus, their deployment to a construction site can be costly in terms of transport, and their storage on site may be inconvenient or impractical in terms of space usage. Another problem includes their relative fragility during handling and/or deployment.

US 7051489 (Swiszcz et al) discloses a panel for use in a drop ceiling system, wherein the ceiling system includes stringers and cross-members defining areas therebetween for support of the panels wherein the panels include at least one planar sheet of material secured to a reinforcement member having channels formed therein to extend in at least one direction relative to the sheet material.

US 2015/159366 (Guerard et al) discloses a multi-layered insulation apparatus having a collapsed configuration in which one dimension of the insulation is minimized to reduce the volume for storage, and an expanded configuration in which the dimension is maximized to separate outer layers of the insulation.

It is an object of the present invention to obviate and/or mitigate the limitations and/or disadvantages associated with the prior art and/or with conventional systems.

Summary of the Invention

According to a first aspect there is provided a building apparatus comprising: a first layer; a second layer; and at least one connecting element configured to connect the first layer and the second layer, wherein the building apparatus has a first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and a second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other.

The first layer and/or the second layer, preferably the first layer and the second layer, may be a self-supporting and/or or a rigid layer. The first layer may comprise or may be a sheet or a board. The second layer may comprise or may be a sheet or a board.

Typically, the first layer and/or the second layer may be made of a lightweight material, e.g. a polymeric material. By such provision, the apparatus may be easy to transport and/or deploy. The first layer and/or the second layer may comprise or may be made from a plastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, a polyester, or the like.

Typically, the first layer and/or the second layer may have a structure providing a low density and semi-rigid properties. For example, the first layer and/or the second layer may have a fluted sheet structure. The first layer and/or the second layer may be made of fluted polypropylene board.

The first layer and/or the second layer may have a thickness in the range of about 2-15 mm.

The first layer may have a thickness in the range of about 4-15 mm, typically about 10 mm. The first layer may, in use, e.g. after deployment, be an upper layer.

The second layer may have a thickness in the range of about 2-10 mm, typically about 4 mm. The second layer may, in use, e.g. after deployment, be a lower layer, e.g. a layer facing the ground.

Typically, in the first or stowed configuration, the first layer and the second layer may be substantially adjacent to each other. By such provision, in the first or stowed configuration, e.g. before deployment, such as during transport and/or storage, the apparatus may be compact and/or may optimise space efficiency.

In the second or deployed configuration, the first layer and the second layer may be provided substantially parallel to each other.

In the second or deployed configuration, the first layer and the second layer may be substantially distal from each other. Typically, first layer and the second layer may be spaced apart by the at least one connecting element.

In the second or deployed configuration, the first layer and the second layer may be provided substantially parallel to each other.

In the second or deployed configuration, the first layer and the second layer may separated by a predetermined distance. In the second or deployed configuration, the at least one connecting element may provide or may define a gap between the first layer and the second layer. In the second configuration, the apparatus may represent or and be termed a void former.

In the first or stowed configuration, the apparatus may have first thickness. The first thickness may be defined by a distance between an outside surface of the first layer and second layer in the first or stowed configuration.

In the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus may have a second thickness. The second thickness may be defined by a distance between an outside surface of the first layer and second layer in the second or deployed configuration.

The second thickness may be greater than the first thickness.

Typically, in the first or stowed configuration, the apparatus may have a thickness in the range of about 10-50 mm, e.g. about 20-40 mm, e.g. about 32 mm.

Typically, in the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus may have a thickness in the range of about 50-300 mm, e.g. about 100-250 mm, e.g. about 125-200 mm, e.g. about 125 mm, 150mm or 186 mm. It will be appreciated that the overall thickness of the apparatus in the second or deployed configuration may be selected to account for the particular requirements at the intended deployment site. For example, if the ground is such that a small degree of heave is expected, then a lower thickness of the apparatus in the second or deployed configuration may be adequate. However, if the ground is such that a large degree of heave is expected, then a larger thickness of the apparatus in the second or deployed configuration may be preferable, as a larger gap between the first layer and the second layer may be able to "absorb" a greater level of ground heave. Typically, the apparatus may comprise a plurality of connecting elements.

The first layer and the second layer may have a length and/or a width, typically a length and a width.

The connecting elements may extend substantially parallel to each other along a dimension of the first layer and of the second layer, e.g. along a width thereof.

The connecting elements may be regularly spaced apart and/or may be disposed at regular intervals.

Typically, the connecting elements may be spaced apart by a distance in the range of about 100-500 mm, e.g. about 200-400 mm, e.g. about 330 mm.

The connecting elements may comprise a first portion configured to connect to the first layer, a second portion configured to connect to the second layer, and a third or intermediate portion provided between the first portion and the second portion.

Advantageously, the first portion may be hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion. Advantageously also, the second portion may be hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion.

In the first or stowed configuration, the third or intermediate portion may be provided substantially parallel to the first layer and/or to the second layer.

In the second or deployed configuration, the third or intermediate portion may be provided substantially transverse, typically substantially perpendicular, to the first layer and/or to the second layer. Thus, in the second or deployed configuration, the connecting elements may act as spacers between the first layer and the second layer. In the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus, e.g. the connecting elements, e.g. third portion thereof, may be capable of bearing a load. For example, in the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus may be capable of withstanding a force applied on the first layer or on the second layer, e.g. on an outer surface thereof, of at least 5 kN/m2, e.g. at least 10 kN/m2,typically up to about 14 kN/m2, without collapsing. This is advantageous as this may allow the apparatus to bear a load applied thereon after deployment, for example the weight of a construction material, typically cement or concrete. Thus, upon deployment of the apparatus, cement of concrete may be poured onto an upper surface of the apparatus, and the upper surface of the apparatus may provide or may define a support surface for the concrete or cement. In the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus may be configured to collapse, fail or crush when subjected to a threshold load, e.g. when applied to the first layer or the second layer, being greater than about 5 kN/m2, e.g. greater than about 10 kN/m2, typically greater than about 16 kN/m2..

Typically, without wishing to be bound by theory, application of a force greater than the threshold load on the first layer or the second layer, e.g. in a direction transverse, e.g. perpendicular to the first layer or the second layer, may cause the connecting elements, e.g. third or intermediate portion thereof, to fail, break or collapse. This may be advantageous in order to absorb any heave from the ground, e.g. from a clay soil that may cause application of an upwards force on a lower surface of the apparatus, thus protecting a building from potential damage.

The first portion and the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element may be made from separate parts. In such instance, the connecting element(s) may comprise a first hinged connection, e.g. a first hinge, between the first portion and the third or intermediate portion.

Alternatively, the first portion and the third or intermediate portion may be made from a single piece. In such instance, the first hinged connection between the first portion and the third or intermediate portion may be provided by a structural arrangement of the connecting element, e.g. a first longitudinal score or cut in the connecting element. The portion of the connecting element between the first score or cut and a first longitudinal edge may define the first portion.

The second portion and the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element may be made from separate parts. In such instance, the connecting element(s) may comprise a second hinged connection, e.g. a second hinge, between the second portion and the third or intermediate portion.

Alternatively, the second portion and the third or intermediate portion may be made from a single piece. In such instance, the second hinged connection between the second portion and the third or intermediate portion may be provided by a structural arrangement of the connecting element, e.g. a second longitudinal score or cut in the connecting element. The portion of the connecting element sheet between the second score or cut and the second longitudinal edge may define a/the second portion.

Advantageously at least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may be made from a single or integral piece. In such instance, there may be provided a first longitudinal score or cut configured to provide a first hinged connection between the first portion and the third or intermediate portion, and a second longitudinal score or cut configured to provide a second hinged connection between the second portion and the third or intermediate portion.

The at least one connecting element may comprise a first face and a second face. When the at least one connecting element is made from a single or integral piece, the first longitudinal score or cut may be provided on the first face, and the second longitudinal score or cut may be provided on the second face. By such provision, the first hinge and the second hinge may be configured to hinge or fold in opposite directions.

As described above, the connecting elements may comprise a first portion configured to connect to the first layer, a second portion configured to connect to the second layer, and a third or intermediate portion provided between the first portion and the second portion.

Typically, the first portion may be configured to connect to the first layer via the first face of the first portion. The second portion may be configured to connect to the second layer via the second face of the second portion. In other words, the first portion and the second portion may be configured to connect to a respective layer via opposite faces of the connecting element(s).

The first portion and/or the second portion may be configured to conned to a respective layer by conventional attachment means, e.g. by using an adhesive, or by welding such as ultrasonic welding, laser welding, solvent welding, etc. In the first or stowed configuration, the first portion may overlap or may be folded over the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element. The first portion and the third or intermediate portion may be substantially parallel to each other and/or parallel to the first layer and/or the second layer.

In the first or stowed configuration, the second portion may overlap or may be folded over the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element. The second portion and the third or intermediate portion may be substantially parallel to each other and/or parallel to the first layer and/or the second layer.

Alternatively, in the first or stowed configuration, the first portion may not overlap or may not be folded over the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element. The first portion may extend in substantially the same direction as the third or intermediate portion. The first portion and the third or intermediate portion may be substantially parallel to each other and/or parallel to the first layer and/or the second layer.

In the first or stowed configuration, the second portion may not overlap or may not be folded over the third or intermediate portion of at least one connecting element. The second portion may extend in substantially the same direction as the third or intermediate portion. The second portion and the third or intermediate portion may be substantially parallel to each other and/or parallel to the first layer and/or the second layer.

In the second or deployed configuration, the third or intermediate portion may be substantially perpendicular to the first portion and/or substantially perpendicular to the first layer and/or the second layer.

In the second or deployed configuration, the third or intermediate portion may be substantially perpendicular to the second portion and/or substantially perpendicular to the first layer and/or the second layer.

At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may be a self-supporting and/or or a rigid layer. At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may comprise or may be a sheet or a board.

Typically, at least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may be made of a lightweight material, e.g. a polymeric material. By such provision, the apparatus may be easy to transport and/or deploy. At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may comprise or may be made from a plastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, a polyester, or the like.

Typically, at least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may have a structure exhibiting a low density and semi-rigid properties. For example, at least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may have a fluted sheet structure. At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may be made of fluted polypropylene board.

At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may have a thickness in the range of about 2-10 mm, typically about 6 mm. It will be appreciated that the thickness of the at least one connecting element may be selected so as to be associated with a desired threshold load above which the apparatus may be configured to collapse, fail or crush, in its deployed configuration. Typically, the thicker the at least one connecting element, the greater the threshold load.

The apparatus may comprise at least one locking element configured to maintain the apparatus in the second or deployed configuration.

Typically, the apparatus may comprise a plurality of locking elements.

The locking elements may be disposed at or near an edge of the first layer or second layer. Typically, the locking elements may be disposed at or near two opposing edges of the first layer or second layer.

The locking elements may be provided in pairs.

Two adjacent connecting elements may define a channel therebetween. There may be provided a plurality of channels, each channel being defined by the space between adjacent connecting elements.

One or more elements may be provided in a respective channel between two adjacent connecting elements. Typically, a pair of locking elements may be provided in a respective channel between two adjacent connecting elements. Each locking element of a pair may be disposed at or near an end region of a respective channel, e.g. at or near an edge of the first layer or second layer.

Advantageously, there may be provided at least one locking element, e.g. a pair of locking elements, in each channel between adjacent connecting elements By such provision, maximum stability and/or strength may be provided.

The locking elements may be regularly spaced apart and/or may be disposed at regular intervals.

The locking elements may comprise a first portion configured to attach to the first layer, and a second portion hingedly connected to the first portion.

In the first or stowed configuration, the second portion of the locking elements may be provided substantially parallel to the first layer and/or to the second layer.

In the second or deployed configuration, the second portion of the locking elements may be provided substantially transverse, typically substantially perpendicular, to the first layer and/or to the second layer.

In the second or deployed configuration, the locking elements, e.g. second portions thereof, may extend substantially parallel to each other along a dimension of the first layer and of the second layer, e.g. along a length thereof.

Advantageously, a width of the locking elements may be substantially equal to or marginally less than the width of a respective channel. By such provision, in the second of deployed configuration, the provision of a locking element on either side of a connecting element may prevent the connecting element from reverting to its first or stowed configuration, thus "locking" the connecting element in its second of deployed configuration.

The height of the locking elements may typically be less than the height of the gap between the first layer and the second layer in the second or deployed configuration.

The at least one locking element may comprise a third portion hingedly connected to the second portion. Thus, the second portion may be provided between the first portion and the third portion. Advantageously, the third portion may be configured to engage the second layer in the second or deployed configuration.

The height of the locking elements, e.g. second portion thereof, may be approximately equal to, or marginally less than, the height of the gap between the first layer and the second layer in the second or deployed configuration. This may provide additional strength and structural integrity in the deployed configuration.

The second portion of the at least one locking element may comprise an aperture or opening configured to allow a user to move and/or deploy the at least one locking element. For example, the aperture or opening may be sized to allow a digit or a tool to be inserted therein in order to move, e.g. pull, the locking element and deploy it between two adjacent connecting elements.

At least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may be a self-supporting and/or or a rigid layer. At least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may comprise or may be a sheet or a board.

Typically, at least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may be made of a lightweight material, e.g. a polymeric material. By such provision, the apparatus may be easy to transport and/or deploy. At least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may comprise or may be made from a plastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, a polyester, or the like.

Typically, at least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may have a structure exhibiting a low density and semi-rigid properties. For example, at least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may have a fluted sheet structure. At least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may be made of fluted polypropylene board At least one locking element, e.g. each locking element, may have a thickness in the range of about 2-10 mm, typically about 4 mm.

Advantageously, at least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may comprise a third hinged connection. Typically, when the at least one connecting element is made from a single or integral piece, the third hinged connection may be provided by a third longitudinal score or cut, advantageously on the second face of the at least one connecting element. Typically, the third longitudinal score or cut may be provided between the first longitudinal score or cut and the second third longitudinal score or cut. The third longitudinal score or cut may be provided near or adjacent the first longitudinal score or cut such that the portion of the at least one connecting element between the first longitudinal score and the third longitudinal score may define a fourth portion. The fourth portion may be provided between the first portion and the third or intermediate portion.

The first longitudinal score or cut and the third longitudinal score or cut may define a "double hinge", wherein the first hinged connection and the third hinged connection hinge in opposite directions.

Advantageously, the provision of a third hinged connection near the first hinged connection may allow the at least one connection element to extend in a flatter or more compact configuration when stretched out and/or when positioned against one or more adjacent locking elements either during manufacture, in the second or deployed configuration, or both.

According to a second aspect there is provided a method for manufacturing a building apparatus, the method comprising: providing a first layer; providing a second layer; and providing at least one connecting element to connect the first layer and the second layer, such that the building apparatus has a first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and a second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other.

The method may comprise preparing the at least one connecting element.

The method may comprise providing a connecting element sheet. The method may comprise cutting the sheet in a quadrilateral shape, e.g. a rectangular shape. The connecting element sheet may have a size of about 1.2 m x 240 mm. The connecting element sheet may have a thickness of about 6 mm.

The method may comprise providing a first longitudinal score or cut on a first face of the connecting element sheet, e.g. about 40 mm from a first longitudinal edge thereof The portion of the connecting element between the first score or cut and the first longitudinal edge may define a/the first portion.

The method may comprise providing a second longitudinal score or cut on a second face of the connecting element sheet, e.g. about 40 mm from a second longitudinal edge thereof. Thus, the first and second longitudinal scores or cuts may be provided about 40 mm from respective opposite longitudinal edges of the connecting element sheet. The portion of the connecting element sheet between the second score or cut and the second longitudinal edge may define a/the second portion.

The method may comprise creating a third longitudinal score or cut on the second face of the connecting element sheet, e.g. about 50 mm from the first longitudinal edge thereof. Thus, the third longitudinal score or cut may be provided about 10 mm from the first longitudinal score or cut, on an opposite face of the connecting element sheet. The portion of the connecting element sheet between the first longitudinal score or cut and the third longitudinal edge may define a/the fourth portion. Thus, the proximal first and third longitudinal scores or cuts may define a "double hinge".

At least one connecting element, e.g. each connecting element, may be made of fluted polypropylene board.

The method may comprise preparing at least one locking element.

The method may comprise providing a locking element sheet. The method may comprise cutting the sheet in a quadrilateral shape, e.g. a rectangular shape. The locking element sheet may have a size of about 394 mm x 190 mm. The locking element sheet may have a thickness of about 4 mm.

The method may comprise providing a first longitudinal score or cut on a first face of the locking element sheet, e.g. about 40 mm from a first longitudinal edge thereof.

The method may comprise creating a first notch at or near a first corner of the locking element sheet including the first longitudinal edge. The first notch may have a size of about 60 mm x 40 mm, typically about 40 mm along the first longitudinal edge x mm along an edge perpendicular to the first longitudinal edge.

The first layer may have a size of about 2.4 m x 1.2 m. The first layer may have a thickness of about 10 mm.

The method may comprise providing a first connecting element. The method may comprise connecting a/the first face of the first portion of the first connecting element to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding. There may be provided a plurality of welds along the first portion, e.g. about 60 mm long and/or disposed at about 200 mm intervals.

The method may comprise providing a template. The template may define one or more locations to position one or more connecting elements on the first layer. By such provision, consistent and reliable positioning of the connecting elements may be achieved, thus ensuring effective assembly of the apparatus.

The method may comprise providing a second connecting element. The second connecting element may be provided parallel to the first connecting element at a predetermined distance therefrom. In an embodiment, the second connecting element may be provided about 330 mm from the second connecting element. The template may provide or may define an interval of about 330 mm between adjacent connecting elements.

The method may comprise connecting a/the first face of the first portion of the second connecting element to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding, e.g. similarly to the first connecting element.

The method may comprise connecting a/the first portion of further connecting elements to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding. In an embodiment, there may be provided eight connecting elements.

The method may comprise folding the first connecting element, e.g. over the first hinge and second hinge thereof The method may comprise providing a first locking element. The method may comprise connecting a/the first portion of the first locking element to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding. The first locking element may be provided between two adjacent connecting elements, e.g. between the first and the second connecting element, and may be provided near a first edge of the first layer e.g. about 10-100 mm, typically about 80 mm from the first edge.

The method may comprise providing a second locking element. The method may comprise connecting a/the first portion of the second locking element to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding. The second locking element may be provided between two adjacent connecting elements, e.g. between the first and the second connecting element, and may be provided near a second edge of the first layer opposite the first edge, e.g. about 10-100 mm, typically about 80 mm from the second edge.

The first and second locking elements may define a first pair of locking elements.

The method may comprise folding the second connecting element, e.g. over the first hinge and second hinge thereof. The method may comprise folding the second connecting element, e.g. over the first hinge and second hinge thereof, at least partially over the first pair of locking elements.

The method may comprise providing at least one further locking element, e.g. a second pair of locking elements. The method may comprise connecting a/the first portion of the at least one further locking element, e.g. of each of the second pair of locking elements, to the first layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding.

The method may comprise repeating folding an adjacent connecting element, and connecting a further pair of locking elements, as described above, for example until the last connecting element is reached and/or until each space between adjacent connecting elements has been provided with at least one, e.g. a pair of, locking elements. The method may comprise providing each connecting element such that its first face faces towards the first layer and/or such that at least a portion of the first face of its intermediate portion and/or second portion overlaps or extends over an adjacent locking element or pair of locking elements. Advantageously, the provision of a third longitudinal score of cut on the second face near the first longitudinal score of cut on the first face, provides a double hinge region which allows the connecting element to remain flat and/or parallel to and adjacent a locking element or pair of locking elements when overlaping or extending over such. This is advantageous as it may allow the second layer to be placed flat and/or flush against the second face of the second portion for subsequent attachment, e.g. welding.

The method may comprise providing the second layer. The method may comprise connecting the second face of a/the second portion of at least one, preferably of each, connecting element, to the second layer, e.g. using ultrasonic welding. There may be provided a plurality of welds along the second portion, e.g. about 60mm long and/or disposed at about 200 mm intervals.

The method may comprise bringing the first layer and second layer in proximity with each other, thus providing the apparatus in its first or stowed configuration.

In one embodiment, the method may comprise bringing the first layer and second layer in proximity with each other such that the first face of the/each connecting element, e.g. the first face of each of the first portion, intermediate portion and second portion, faces towards the first layer and/or such that at least a portion of the first face of its intermediate portion and/or second portion overlaps or extends over an adjacent locking element or pair of locking elements. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a thinner and/or more compact size or thickness in the first or stowed configuration.

In another embodiment, the method may comprise bringing the first layer and second layer in proximity with each other such that the first hinged connection and the second hinged connection of the/each connecting element are folded over. The method may comprise bringing the first layer and second layer in proximity with each other such that at least a portion of the second face of the intermediate portion faces and/or overlaps at least a portion of the second face of the first portion, and/or such that at least a portion of the first face of the intermediate portion faces and/or overlaps at least a portion of the first face of the second portion. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a degree of "spring" in the apparatus when provided in its stowed configuration, which may cause the apparatus, upon deployment, to partially unfold upon deployment into or towards its deployed configuration.

The method may comprise securing, e.g. temporarily securing such as using adhesive tape, Velcro®, or the like, the apparatus in its first or stowed configuration. This may conveniently allow a user to store the apparatus and/or transport the apparatus to a deployment site whilst in its first or stowed configuration.

The method may be carried out manually.

The method may be automated and/or may be controlled by a computer.

According to a third aspect there is provided a kit of parts for providing an apparatus according to the first aspect, the kit of parts comprising: a first layer; a second layer; and at least one connecting element configured to connect the first layer and the second layer.

Typically, the kit of parts may comprise a plurality of connecting elements, e.g. about eight connecting elements.

The kit of parts may further comprise at least one locking element. Typically, the kit of parts may comprise a plurality of locking elements or pairs of locking elements, e.g. about seven pairs of connecting elements.

According to a fourth aspect there is provided a method for installing a building apparatus, the method comprising: providing a building apparatus according to the first aspect; deploying the building apparatus from its first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and its second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other.

The method may comprise deploying the at least one locking element. The method may comprise deploying at least one locking element such that the second portion thereof is substantially perpendicular to the first layer and second layer and/or to the at least one connecting element, preferably substantially perpendicular to the first layer and second layer and to the at least one connecting element.

The method may comprise deploying the at least one locking element such that a third portion thereof engages the second layer in the second or deployed configuration.

For the avoidance of doubt, any feature described in respect of any aspect of the invention may be applied to any other aspect of the invention, in any appropriate combination. For example, features of an apparatus may be applied to a method, and vice versa.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention will now be further described in detail and with reference to the figures in which: Figure 1 shows an elevated side view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment, in a deployed configuration; Figure 2 shows a side view of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a stowed configuration, without locking elements; Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a view from above of the apparatus of Figure 1, with locking elements depicted as horizontal for ease of visualisation; Figure 5 shows a view from below of the apparatus of Figure 1, with locking elements depicted as horizontal for ease of visualisation; Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a connecting element of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a deployed configuration; Figure 7 shows a side view of a connecting element of the apparatus of Figure 1, before attachment to the upper and bottom layers, in a flat configuration; Figure 8 shows a side view of a connecting element of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a deployed configuration; Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a locking element of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a deployed configuration; Figure 10 shows a side view of a locking element of the apparatus of Figure 1, before attachment to the upper and bottom layers, in a flat configuration; Figure 11 shows a side view of a locking element of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a deployed configuration; Figure 12 shows an end view of the apparatus of Figure 1 viewed from side "A"; Figure 13 shows a side view of the apparatus of Figure 1, during its manufacturing process; and Figure 14 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 13; Figure 15 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a locking element, in a deployed configuration; Figure 16 shows a side view of the locking element of Figure 15, before attachment to the upper and bottom layers, in a flat configuration; Figure 17 shows a side view of the locking element of Figure 15, in a deployed configuration; Figure 18 shows an elevated side view of an apparatus according to an embodiment similar to the embodiment of Figure 1, but including the locking elements of Figures 15-17.

Detailed Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a building apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment. In Figure 1, the apparatus 10 is shown in its deployed configuration. The apparatus 10 is typically a void former for use in construction.

The apparatus 10 has a first layer 21 made of a 10 mm thick fluted polypropylene sheet; and a second layer 22 made of a 4 mm thick fluted polypropylene sheet.

The apparatus has a plurality, in this embodiment eight, connecting elements 30 configured to connect the first layer 21 and the second layer 22.

In Figure 1, the apparatus 10 is shown in its deployed configuration in which the connecting elements 30 are in their deployed state so as to maintain the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 in a distal relationship from each other.

The apparatus also has one or more stowed configurations, as shown in Figures 2 and 13, in which the connecting elements are in a stowed state and the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 are in a proximal relationship.

The first layer 21 and second layer 22 are made of a lightweight material which would not be normally sufficiently strong to withstand a significant load. However, as explained below in more detail, the construction of the apparatus 10 is such that, once deployed as shown in Figure 1, the void former 10 is able to withstand the weight of one or more operators and/or the weight of cement being poured on the void former. Typically, the void former 10 may be able to withstand a weight of about 10 to 14 kN/m2 10, typically about 14 kN/m2, without collapsing or failing. Thus, upon deployment of the void former 10, cement of concrete may be poured onto an upper surface of the void former 10, and the upper surface of the first sheet 10 may provide or may define a support surface for the concrete or cement.

The connecting elements 30 are configured to connect the first layer 21 and the second layer 22, and to provide a predetermined distance between the first sheet 21 and the second sheet 22, in the deployed configuration, in this embodiment a distance of about 160 mm.

In this embodiment, the connecting elements 30 are made of a 6 mm thick fluted polypropylene sheet.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 have length L and/or a width W. The connecting elements 30 extend substantially parallel to each other along a width W of the first layer 21 and of the second layer 22.

The connecting elements 30 are disposed at regular intervals, in this embodiment at a distance of about 330 mm.

As best shown in Figures 6-8, the connecting elements 30 each have a first portion 31 configured to connect to the first layer 21, a second portion 32 configured to connect to the second layer 22, and a third or intermediate portion 33 provided between the first portion 21 and the second portion 22. Figure 7 shows a side view of the connecting element 30 before attachment to the first layer 21 and second layer 22.

Figure 6 shows a cross-section view, and Figure 8 a side view, of the connecting element 30 when attached to the first layer 21 and second layer 22, in the deployed configuration.

Advantageously, the first portion 31 is hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion 33, and the second portion 22 is hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion 33.

In the first or stowed configuration, as shown in Figures 2 and 13, the third or intermediate portion 33 is provided substantially parallel to the first layer 21 and to the second layer 22.

In the deployed configuration, as shown in Figure 1, the third or intermediate portion 33 is provided substantially perpendicular to the first layer 21 and to the second layer. Thus, in the second or deployed configuration, the connecting elements 30 act as spacers between the first layer 21 and the second layer 22. In the deployed configuration, as shown in Figure 1, the void former 10 is able to withstand the weight of one or more operators and/or the weight of cement being poured on the void former. Typically, the void former 10 may be able to withstand a weight of about 14 kN/m2 without collapsing or failing. Thus, upon deployment of the apparatus, cement of concrete may be poured onto an upper layer 21 of the void former 10, and the upper surface of the void former 10 may provide or may define a support surface for the concrete or cement. In the deployed configuration, the void former 10 is configured to collapse, fail or crush when subjected to a threshold load being greater than about 16 kN/m2.

Typically, without wishing to be bound by theory, application of a force greater than the threshold load on the first layer 21 or the second layer 22, e.g. in a direction transverse, e.g. perpendicular to the first layer 21 or the second layer 22, will cause the connecting elements 30 to fail, break or collapse. This may be advantageous in order to absorb any heave from the ground, e.g. from a clay soil that may cause application of an upwards force on a bottom layer 22 of the void former 10, thus protecting a building from potential damage.

In this embodiment, each of the connecting elements 30 is unitary in construction and is made from a single piece.

The first portion 31 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are made from a single piece. The first hinged connection 35 between the first portion 31 and the third or intermediate portion 33 is provided by a first longitudinal score or cut 35 on the first face 38 of the connecting element 30. Thus, the first 31 portion of the connecting element 30 extends between the first score or cut 35 and a first longitudinal edge 31a.

The second portion 32 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are made from a single piece. The second hinged connection 36 between the second portion 32 and the third or intermediate portion 33 is provided by a second longitudinal score or cut 36 on the second face 39 of the connecting element 30. Thus, the second portion 32 of the connecting element 30 extends between the second score or cut 36 and a second longitudinal edge 32a.

Advantageously, each connecting element 30 also has a third hinged connection 37, the purpose of which will be described later. The third hinged connection 37 is provided by a third longitudinal score or cut 37 provided on the second face 39. The third longitudinal score or cut 37 is provided between the first longitudinal score or cut 35 and the second third longitudinal score or cut 36, and is located near or adjacent the first longitudinal score or cut 35 such that the portion of the connecting elements 30 between the first longitudinal score 35 and the third longitudinal score 37 defines a fourth portion 34. Thus, the fourth portion 34 is located between the first portion 31 and the third or intermediate portion 33, as best seen in Figures 6-8.

The first portion 31 is configured to connect to the first layer 21 via its first face 38. The second portion 32 is configured to connect to the second layer 22 via its second face 39. In other words, the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 are configured to connect to a respective layer 21,22 via opposite faces 38,39 of the connecting elements 30.

In this embodiment, the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 are configured to be attached to a respective layer 21,22 by ultrasonic welding.

The connecting elements 30 are typically made of a self-supporting and/or a rigid layer, e.g. a sheet or a board such as a fluted polypropylene board. In this embodiment, the connecting elements 30 have a thickness of about 6 mm.

As shown in Figures 2-3, in the first or stowed configuration, the first portion 31 may overlap or is folded over the third or intermediate portion 33 of each connecting element 30, such that the first portion 31 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the first layer 21 and the second layer 22. In such instance, the second portion 22 also overlaps and is folded over the third or intermediate portion 33 of the connecting elements 30, such that the second portion 32 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the first layer 21 and second layer 22. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a degree of "spring" in the void former 10 when provided in its stowed configuration, which may cause the void former 10, upon deployment, to partially unfold upon deployment into or towards its deployed configuration.

Alternatively, as shown in the configuration of Figure 14, in the first or stowed configuration, the first portion 31 may not overlap or may not be folded over the third or intermediate portion 33 of the connecting elements 30, and the first portion 31 extends in substantially the same direction as the third or intermediate portion 33. The first portion 31 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are still substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the first layer 21 and to the second layer 22. In such instance, the second portion 32 does not overlap and is not be folded over the third or intermediate portion 33 of the connecting elements 30. The second portion 32 extends in substantially the same direction as the third or intermediate portion 33, and the second portion 32 and the third or intermediate portion 33 are substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the first layer 21 and second layer 22. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a thinner and/or more compact size or thickness of the void former 10 in the first or stowed configuration.

In the second or deployed configuration, as shown in Figure 1, 6, 8 and 12, the third or intermediate portion 32 is substantially perpendicular to the first portion 31 and second portion 32, and to the first layer 21 and the second layer 22. Thus, the intermediate portion 33 provides the gap between first sheet 21 and second sheet 22 and also support for any weight or force applied on the first sheet 21 or second sheet 22.

However, without further structural feature, the void former may not be able to remain in its deployed configuration, particularly when a force is applied to the first sheet 21 or second sheet 22.

Thus, the void former 10 further includes a plurality of locking elements 40, best shown in Figures 9-11. The locking elements are configured to maintain the void former 10 in its second or deployed configuration. Figure 10 shows a side view of the locking element 40 before attachment to the first layer 21. Figure 9 shows a cross-section view, and Figure 11 a side view, of the locking element 40 when attached to the first layer 21, in the deployed configuration.

As best shown in Figures 4 and 5, the locking elements 40 are disposed in pairs at or near the opposing side edges of the first layer 21 along a length thereof.

Each pair of connecting elements 30 defines a channel 60 therebetween. Thus, there are provided a plurality of channels 60, each channel 60 being defined by the space between adjacent connecting elements 30. In this embodiment, there are seven channels 60.

A pair of locking element 40 is provided in a respective channel 60 between two adjacent connecting elements 30, and is disposed at or near an end region of a respective channel 60, that is, at or near an edge of the first layer 21 and second layer 22.

The locking elements 40 are regularly spaced apart and are disposed at regular intervals, in this embodiment at 330 mm intervals.

The locking elements 40 each have a first portion 41 configured to attach to the first layer 21, and a second portion 42 hingedly connected to the first portion 41 via a first cut or score 45'.

In the first or stowed configuration (as shown for example in Figures 13-14), the second portion 42 of the locking element 40 is provided substantially parallel to the first layer 21.

In the second or deployed configuration, the second portion 42 of the locking elements 40 is provided substantially perpendicular to the first layer 21 and to the second layer 22. Thus, in the second or deployed configuration, the second portions 42 of the locking elements 40 extend substantially parallel to each other along a length of the first layer 21 and second layer 22.

Advantageously, a width of the locking elements 40 is substantially equal to or marginally less than the width of a respective channel 60. By such provision, in the second of deployed configuration, the provision of a locking element 40 on one or both sides of each connecting element 30 helps prevent the connecting elements 30 from reverting to their first or stowed configuration, thus "locking" the connecting elements 30 in their second of deployed configuration. Advantageously, as depicted in Figure 1, there is provided a pair of locking elements 40 in each channel 60 between adjacent connecting elements 30. By such provision, maximum stability and/or strength may be provided by ensuring that at least one locking element 40 engages at least one side of each connecting element 30, in the deployed configuration.

The height of the locking elements 40 is typically less than the height of the gap between the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 in the second or deployed configuration. This allows a user to "pull" the second portion 42 of the locking elements into their deployed configuration, upon deployment. Thus, the space between a lower end of the second portion 42 and the second layer 22 may be sufficient to allow use of a tool and/or use of a digit, e.g. finger, by a user.

The locking elements 40 are typically made of a self-supporting and/or a rigid layer, e.g. a sheet or a board such as a fluted polypropylene board. In this embodiment, the locking elements 40 have a thickness of about 4 mm.

An alternative embodiment of the locking elements, designated as 40', is shown in Figures 15-17. The locking elements 40' of Figures 15-17 are generally similar to the locking elements 40 of Figures 9-11, like parts being denoted by like numerals, supplemented by "'". Figure 16 shows a side view of the locking element 40 before attachment to the first layer 21'. Figure 15 shows a cross-section view, and Figure 17 is a side view of the locking element 40 when attached to the first layer 21', in the deployed configuration.

The locking elements 40' each have a first portion 41' configured to attach to the first layer 21, and a second portion 42' hingedly connected to the first portion 41' via a first cut or score 45'.

In the first or stowed configuration, the second portion 42' of the locking element 40' is provided substantially parallel to the first layer 21'.

In the second or deployed configuration, the second portion 42' of the locking elements 40' is provided substantially perpendicular to the first layer 21' and to the second layer 22'. Thus, in the second or deployed configuration, the second portions 42' of the locking elements 40' extend substantially parallel to each other along a length of the first layer 21' and second layer 22'.

Advantageously, as in the first embodiment 40 of Figures 9-11, a width of the locking elements 40' is substantially equal to or marginally less than the width of a respective channel 60. This can be seen in Figure 18. By such provision, in the second of deployed configuration, the provision of a locking element 40' on one or both sides of each connecting element 30' helps prevent the connecting elements 30 from reverting to their first or stowed configuration, thus "locking" the connecting elements 30' in their second of deployed configuration. Advantageously, as depicted in Figure 18, there is provided a pair of locking elements 40' in each channel 60' between adjacent connecting elements 30'. By such provision, maximum stability and/or strength may be provided by ensuring that at least one locking element 40' engages at least one side of each connecting element 30', in the deployed configuration.

In this embodiment. the height of the locking elements 40', e.g. second portion 42' thereof, is approximately equal to or marginally less than the height of the gap between the first layer 21' and the second layer 22' in the second or deployed configuration. This permits the locking elements 40' to provide additional strength and structural integrity in the deployed configuration by acting as a further support element between the first layer 21' and the second layer 22', in addition to the connecting elements 30'. In order to allow a user to "pull" the second portion 42' of the locking elements 40' into their deployed configuration, the locking elements 40' of Figures 15-17 have an aperture 49' (in their second portion 42') sized to allow a digit or a tool to be inserted therein in order to move, e.g. pull, the locking elements 40' and deploy them between two adjacent connecting elements 30'.

In this embodiment, the locking elements 40' each have a third portion 43' hingedly connected to the second portion 42' via a second cut or score 46'. Thus, the second portion 42' is provided between the first portion 41' and the third portion 43'. Advantageously, the third portion 43' is configured to engage the second layer 22' in the second or deployed configuration. This may provide additional strength and structural integrity in the deployed configuration.

The purpose of the third hinged connection 37 On this embodiment in the form of a third longitudinal score or cut 37 provided on the second face 39) will now be explained by reference to a method of manufacturing the void former 10.

The connecting elements 30 are prepared. A sheet of 6 mm-thick fluted polypropylene is cut strips of about 1.2 nix 240 mm. A first longitudinal score or cut 35 is made on the first face 38 of the connecting element sheet 30, about 40 mm from a first longitudinal edge 31a thereof. The portion of the connecting element between the first score or cut 35 and the first longitudinal edge 31a defines a first portion 31.

A second longitudinal score or cut 36 is made on the second face 39 of the connecting element sheet 30, about 40 mm from the second longitudinal edge 32a thereof. Thus, the first 35 and second 36 longitudinal scores or cuts are provided about 40 mm from respective opposite longitudinal edges 31a,32a of the connecting element sheet 30. The portion of the connecting element sheet 30 between the second score or cut 36 and the second longitudinal edge 32a may define the second portion 32.

A third longitudinal score or cut 37 is made on the second face 39 of the connecting element sheet 30, about 50 mm from the first longitudinal edge 31a thereof. Thus, the third longitudinal score or cut 37 is provided about 10 mm from the first longitudinal score or cut 35, on an opposite face 39 of the connecting element sheet 30. The portion of the connecting element sheet between the first longitudinal score or cut 35 and the third longitudinal edge 37 defines a fourth portion 34. Thus, the proximal first and third 37 longitudinal scores or cuts define a "double hinge" 50, depicted in Figure 14. The connecting elements 30 are thus prepared, as shown in Figure 7, before use.

The locking element 40 are also prepared.

A sheet of 4 mm-thick fluted polypropylene is cut strips of about 394 mm x 190 mm.

A first longitudinal score or cut 45 on a first face 48 of the locking element sheet 40, about 40 mm from a first longitudinal edge 41a thereof.

A first notch 44 is cut at or near a first corner of the locking element sheet 40 including the first longitudinal edge 41a, as best shown in Figure 10. The first notch 44 has a size of about 60 mm x 40 mm. The locking elements 40 are thus prepared, as shown in Figure 10, before use.

A first sheet 21 of 10 mm-thick fluted polypropylene is provided, having a size of about 2.4 m x 1.2 m.

A first connecting element 30 is provided, and the first face 38 of the first portion 31 of the first connecting element 30 is connected to the first layer 21, using ultrasonic welding. There are typically provided a plurality of welds along the first portion, e.g. about 60mm long and/or disposed at about 200 mm intervals.

A template is then provided to allow accurate and consistent positioning of the connecting elements 30 on the first layer 21 parallel to each other ad at about 330 mm intervals. Each of the connecting elements 30 are then welded to the first layer 21. Each of the remaining seven connecting elements 30 are then welded via the first face 38 of their first portion 31, similarly to the first connecting element.

The following step involves attaching the locking elements 40 to the first sheet 21.

Starting at one end of the apparatus 10, a first connecting element 30 is folded over the first hinge 35 and second hinge 36 thereof, thus placing it into the conformation shown in Figure 3.

A first pair of locking element 40 is then placed next to it. The method comprises connecting the first portion 41 of the first pair of locking element 40 to the first layer 21, using ultrasonic welding. The first pair of locking element 40 is provided between two adjacent connecting elements 30 and each locking element 30 of the pair is provided near a respective opposing edge of the first layer 21 at about the edge.

The second connecting element 30 is then folded over its first hinge 35 and second hinge 36, and at least partially over the first pair of locking elements 40.

Another pair of locking elements 40 is then positioned in the adjacent channel between the second and third connecting elements 30, and welded in the same manner.

This process is repeated until the last connecting element 30 is reached at the far end of the apparatus 10 and until each channel between adjacent connecting elements 30 has been provided with a pair of locking elements 40. The structure is then as shown in Figure 2, 4 and 5 (without the second layer 22).

Each of the connecting elements 30 is then moved such that their respective first faces 38 face towards the first layer 21, i.e., such that at least a portion of the first face 38 of the intermediate portions 33 and of the second portions 32 overlaps or extends over an adjacent pair of locking elements 40, as shown in Figure 14.

Advantageously, the provision of the third longitudinal score of cut 37 on the second face 39 near the first longitudinal score of cut 35, provides a double hinge region 50 which allows the connecting element 30 to remain flat and parallel to and adjacent a pair of locking elements 40 when overlapping or extending over such. This is advantageous as it may allow the second layer 22 to be placed flat and/or flush against the second face 39 of the second portion 32 for subsequent welding, as shown in Figure 14.

The second layer 22 is then placed against and welded to the second face 39 of the second portion 32 of each connecting element 30, using ultrasonic welding. There are typically provided a plurality of welds along the second portion 32, e.g. about 60mm long and/or disposed at about 200 mm intervals.

In order to place the void former in its stowed configuration, the first layer 21 and the second layer 22 are then brought into proximity with each other.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 14, the first layer 21 and the second layer 21 are brought into proximity with each other such that the first face 38 of each connecting element 30, faces towards the first layer 21 and such that at least a portion of the first face 38 of its intermediate portion 33 and second portion 32 overlaps or extends over a pair of locking elements 40. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a thinner and/or more compact size or thickness in the first or stowed configuration.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the first layer 21 and second layer 22 are brought in proximity with each other such that the first hinged connection 35 and the second hinged connection 36 of each connecting element 30 are folded over. Thus, at least a portion of the second face 39 of the intermediate portion 33 faces and overlaps at least a portion of the second face 39 of the first portion 31, and at least a portion of the first face 38 of the intermediate portion 33 faces and overlaps at least a portion of the first face 38 of the second portion 32. Advantageously, this configuration may provide a degree of "spring" in the void former 10 when provided in its stowed configuration, which may cause the void former 10, upon deployment, to partially unfold upon deployment into or towards its deployed configuration.

The method may comprise securing, e.g. temporarily securing such as using adhesive tape, Velcro®, or the like, the void former 10 in its first or stowed configuration.

This may conveniently allow a user to store the void former 10 and/or transport the void former 10 to a deployment site whilst in its first or stowed configuration.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as described herein without departing from the scope of the present invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered for illustrative purposes and are not restrictive, and are not limited to the extent of that described in the embodiment.

For example, and for the avoidance of doubt, it will be understood that, although Figures 1-18 include certain dimensions, these dimensions are included as exemplary dimensions only to provide a level of context, and a person of skill in the art will understand that the invention is not in any way limited to any specific dimensions.

For example, the overall thickness of the void former 10 in the deployed configuration, i.e. the height of the connecting elements 30, may be selected depending on the expected degree of ground heave at the deployment site.

Also, the thickness of the connecting elements 30 may be selected so as to be associated with a desired threshold load under which the void former is expected to fail or collapse. For example, whilst in the described embodiments the thickness of the connecting elements if 6 mm, that thickness could be greater or lower if a skilled person wanted to respectively increase or decrease the threshold load of the void former.

Claims (26)

1. CLAIMS: 1. A building apparatus comprising: a first layer; a second layer; at least one connecting element configured to connect the first layer and the second layer; and at least one locking element configured to maintain the apparatus in the second or deployed configuration, wherein the at least one locking element has a first portion configured to attach to the first layer, and a second portion hingedly connected to the first portion, wherein the building apparatus has a first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and a second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other.
2. 2. A building apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first layer and the second layer each comprise a self-supporting and/or or a rigid layer.
3. 3. A building apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein in the first or stowed configuration, the first layer and the second layer are substantially adjacent to each other.
4. 4. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein in the second or deployed configuration, the first layer and the second layer are provided substantially parallel to each other are separated by a predetermined distance.
5. 5. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein in the second or deployed configuration, the at least one connecting element provides and/or defines a gap between the first layer and the second layer.
6. 6. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein in the first or stowed configuration, the apparatus has a thickness in the range of about 10-50 mm, and wherein in the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus has a thickness in the range of about 50-300 mm.
7. 7. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of connecting elements, the connecting elements extending substantially parallel to each other along a width of the first layer and/or of the second layer, the connecting elements being disposed at regular intervals.
8. 8. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one connecting element comprises a first portion configured to connect to the first layer, a second portion configured to connect to the second layer, and a third or intermediate portion provided between the first portion and the second portion.
9. 9. A building apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the first portion is hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion, and wherein the second portion is hingedly connected to the third or intermediate portion.
10. 10. A building apparatus according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein in the first or stowed configuration the third or intermediate portion is provided substantially parallel to the first layer and/or to the second layer, and wherein in the second or deployed configuration the third or intermediate portion is provided substantially perpendicular to the first layer and/or to the second layer.
11. 11. A building apparatus according to any of claims 8 to 10, wherein in the second or deployed configuration, the apparatus is capable of bearing a load applied on the first layer or on the second layer of at least 5 kN/m2 without collapsing, and/or is configured to collapse, fail or crush when subjected to a threshold load being greater than about 10 kN/m2.
12. 12. A building apparatus according to any of claims 8 to 11, wherein the first portion, the second portion and the third or intermediate portion are made from a single piece, wherein a first hinged connection between the first portion and the third or intermediate portion is provided by a first longitudinal score or cut on a first face of the connecting element, and wherein a second hinged connection between the second portion and the third or intermediate portion is provided by a second longitudinal score or cut on a second face of the connecting element.
13. 13. A building apparatus according to any of claims 8 to 12, wherein the first portion is configured to connect to the first layer via the first face of the first portion, and wherein the second portion is configured to connect to the second layer via the second face of the second portion.
14. 14. A building apparatus according to any of claims 8 to 13, wherein the at least one connecting element comprises a third hinged connection provided by a third longitudinal score or cut on the second face of the connecting element and located between the first longitudinal score or cut and the second third longitudinal score or cut
15. 15. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, comprising a plurality of locking elements, the locking elements being disposed at or near an edge of the first layer or second layer.
16. 16. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, comprising pairs of locking elements, each pair of locking elements being disposed at or near two opposing edges of the first layer or second layer.
17. 17. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, comprising a pair of locking elements in each channel between adjacent connecting elements.
18. 18. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein in the first or stowed configuration the second portion of the at least one locking element is provided substantially parallel to the first layer and/or to the second layer, and wherein in the second or deployed configuration the second portion of the at least one locking element is provided substantially perpendicular to the first layer and/or to the second layer.
19. 19. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein a width of the at least one locking element is substantially equal to or marginally less than the width of a respective channel between two adjacent connecting elements.
20. 20. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein a height of the at least one locking element is less than the height of a gap between the first layer and the second layer in the second or deployed configuration.
21. 21. A building apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 19, wherein the at least one locking element has a third portion configured to engage the second layer in the second or deployed configuration, and wherein the third portion is hingedly connected to the second portion.
22. 22. A building apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the second portion of the at least one locking element comprises an aperture or opening configured to allow a user to move and/or deploy the at least one locking element.
23. 23. A building apparatus according to any preceding claims, where the at least one connecting element and/or the at least one locking element has a fluted sheet structure and/or has a thickness in the range of about 2-10 mm.
24. 24. A method for manufacturing a building apparatus, the method comprising: providing a first layer; providing a second layer; providing at least one connecting element to connect the first layer and the second layer; and providing at least one locking element, wherein the at least one locking element has a first portion configured to attach to the first layer, and a second portion hingedly connected to the first portion, such that the building apparatus has a first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and a second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other.
25. 25. A kit of parts for providing an apparatus according to the first aspect, the kit of parts comprising: a first layer; a second layer; and at least one connecting element configured to connect the first layer and the second layer.
26. 26. A method for installing a building apparatus, the method comprising: providing a building apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 23; deploying the building apparatus from its first or stowed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a stowed state and its second or deployed configuration in which the at least one connecting element is in a deployed state and is configured to maintain the first layer and the second layer in a distal relationship from each other; and deploying the at least one locking element.