GB2599987A

GB2599987A - Thermal renovation panel, assembly and method for execution thereof

Info

Publication number: GB2599987A
Application number: GB2107771.4A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Langlois Armelle; Boufouss Lahcen
Original assignee: Vinci Construction SAS
Current assignee: Vinci Construction SAS
Priority date: 2020-06-03
Filing date: 2021-06-01
Publication date: 2022-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-01
Also published as: FR3111148A1; GB2599987B; FR3111148B1; GB202107771D0

Abstract

Panel for the thermal renovation of a building façade F from the outside, comprises: a metal primary framework 10; a wind-bracing layer 14 fixed to the primary framework 10; compression insulation 16 disposed on an interior face of the wind-bracing layer 14; insulation disposed on an exterior face of the wind-bracing layer 14; and a covering , supported by a secondary framework fixed to the primary framework 10. The insulation being compressed against the facade during installation by a compression tool comprising a panel compression member 103 a threaded rod 101 and a nut and bold mechanism 102 for moving a panel compression member 103 along the rod 101 towards the façade F. The panel may be secured to the façade F by top and bottom clips in the form of brackets.

Description

THERMAL RENOVATION PANEL ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR THE

EXECUTION THEREOF

Technical field

The present invention relates to the renovation of building facades to make them more energy efficient

Prior art

A large number of buildings are today still thermally insulated from the outside in the field of the thermal renovation thereof with the aid of polystyrene boards, which are covered with a coating after installing them.

Such a solution is not entirely satisfactory with regard to fire safety, because it significantly increases the combustible mass of the building.

Further, the renovation project requires a lot of operations to be carried out in situ, which makes it a time consuming process, and gives rise to problems of safety and strain for the workers involved.

Moreover, the duration of the project gives rise to prolonged nuisance for the inhabitants, particularly noise and concealment of the windows on account of the presence of scaffolding, and safety due to the presence of the latter, which is liable to be used by ill-intentioned persons to access the dwellings This renovation technique also generates a lot of waste.

Lastly, this type of renovation has a relatively limited lifetime, of the order of only about ten years.

It is also known that a facade can be renovated to make it more energy efficient by installing cladding. However, the known solutions of installing cladding also give rise to a long-term project, necessitating the erection of scaffolding, with the disadvantages mentioned above.

Consequently there is a need to be able to thermally renovate a facade durably and aesthetically with nuisance reduced to a minimum, and satisfactorily from the point of view of fire safety.

Summary of the invention

The invention aims to meet this need and it relates, from a first aspect, to a panel for the thermal renovation of a building facade from an outside of the facade, comprising: a primary framework, preferably made of metal, a wind-bracing layer fixed to the primary framework, compression insulation disposed on an interior face of the wind-bracing layer, designed to be compressed against the facade to be renovated, insulation disposed on an exterior face of the wind-bracing layer, a covering, particularly cladding, supported by the primary framework, particularly supported by a secondary framework fixed to the primary framework.

The invention offers numerous advantages over the existing solutions.

The panel according to the invention can easily be prefabricated at the factory with integration of all the necessary insulation, and taken to the renovation project site by road, for example. This makes it possible to reduce the duration of the project and to decrease the strain on the operators present on the project, and assembly of the panels can generally be done under better conditions at the factory than on site The covering is rigidly fixed to the façade after installation of the panels, and compliance with the customary recommendations of the manufacturer of the covering can easily be ensured. The number of fixing points on the façade can be greatly reduced, compared with traditional cladding, and installation of the panels can thus be carried out quickly, the erection of scaffolding furthermore not being necessary. The disadvantages for the users of the building, associated with the presence of scaffolding, are eliminated.

Furthermore, safety is increased for the operators, because there is less work at a height, and the strain is also decreased.

The presence of the compression insulation ensures perfect integration of the panel on the building facade. There is no residual air gap between the insulation and the facade, which is positive from the point of view of fire safety, in addition to the fact that the combustible mass added by the panel is relatively small, compared with the traditional solution based on polystyrene boards.

The invention is also compatible with the installation of fire barriers required by the fire regulations.

Compliance checking of the work carried out can be done under better conditions, as the invention facilitates the implementation of quality controls during manufacture of the panels in particular.

At the end of their life, the panels can easily be dismantled and recycled.

Preferably, the wind-bracing layer is made of OSB (oriented strand board), that is, a material with large oriented particles, conventionally composed of several layers of wood strands that are compressed and then glued, but the invention is not confined to this material for the wind-bracing layer, as gypsum and fibre-based panels can also be used, for example.

The presence of the wind-bracing layer, apart from the mechanical stability which it gives the primary framework, also makes it possible to ensure support with excellent flatness of the compression insulation before it is installed, and thus conform well to any cant or displacement of the facade after compression.

The covering is preferably a facing with boards or laths. The covering is advantageously cladding.

The primary framework may comprise uprights made of light steel, also called LSF (light steel frame), which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the panel while retaining the necessary rigidity.

The secondary framework can be fixed to the primary framework with the aid of right-angled brackets and self-tapping screws. This fixing can easily be done at the factory.

The wind-bracing layer is preferably fixed to the interior face of the primary framework.

The primary framework may comprise rails spaced apart with a centre-to-centre distance of not more than 135 cm in the vertical direction. This makes it possible to mechanically fix the right-angled brackets for supporting the secondary framework on the primary framework, maintaining a maximum distance of 135 cm between them, and so comply with the recommendations of the CSTB 3194 specifications relating to the installation of cladding.

The panel can have a length greater than or equal to 6 m. This reduces the number of panels necessary to cover the building over the whole length of its facade. The length of a panel can be between 6 and 12 m.

According to another of its aspects, the invention also relates to an assembly for the thermal renovation of a building facade, comprising: a plurality of panels according to the invention, as defined above, and a set of clips to be fixed to the facade, in order to fasten the panels to it.

The assembly may comprise at least one compression tool to be fixed temporarily to the facade in order to compress the compression insulation of the panels on the latter.

The compression tool may comprise a threaded rod and a nut and bolt mechanism for moving a panel compression member along the rod towards the facade, this member advantageously bearing on the primary framework, particularly on an upper or lower horizontal crossbar of the latter.

The clips may comprise bottom clips in the form of brackets having an upright to be fixed to the facade, a horizontal plate designed to support the panel and a vertical rim or arm for retaining the panel, the horizontal plate being provided with at least one hole for the passage of a self-tapping screw for fixing the primary framework to the clip.

The clips may comprise top clips in the form of brackets having an upright to be fixed to the facade and a horizontal plate provided with at least one hole for the passage of a self-tapping screw for fixing the primary framework to the clip.

The assembly may further comprise a component for provisionally retaining the panel, having an upright to be fixed to the facade and a latch hinged to this upright, to be folded down over the panel once the latter is ready to be fixed to the facade.

The uprights of the aforementioned clips may have oblong holes which allow adjustment of the height of the clip, and holes for the passage of concrete screws designed to ensure permanent fixing.

The invention also relates to a method for energy renovation of a building facade from the outside, comprising the following steps: prefabricating a plurality of panels according to the invention, fixing the panels to the facade, ensuring compression of the compression insulation during the installation thereof The panels can first of all be installed on bottom clips previously fixed to the facade.

These clips are, for example, fixed at the level of the edges of the concrete slabs.

The method may comprise the installation of top and bottom clips on the facade for fixing the panels to the facade prior to installing the panels on the bottom clips.

The method may comprise a laser scan of the facade, followed by drawing up a layout plan of the primary frameworks of the panels with the intention of optimising the cost of manufacture of the panels.

Preferably, the panels are installed in successive horizontal rows from the bottom up. The panels remain independent from each other from one row to the next, and there is no transfer of loads from one panel to the other.

The method may comprise fixing the primary frameworks of the panels to the clips with the aid of self-tapping screws Compression of the panel insulation can advantageously be done with the aid of at least one compression tool comprising a threaded rod, which is provisionally or temporarily fixed to the facade, and a nut and bolt mechanism driven by an operator carrying out assembly.

The compression insulation is preferably, in at least some zones, or indeed over all or nearly all (particularly more than 80%) of its surface, compressed by more than 30% of its initial thickness, preferably by more than 40%, or even by more than 50%. The compression insulation for example has a thickness, before installation of the panel, greater than or equal to 30 mm, the thickness being for example 40 mm The compression insulation is for example a mineral wool, particularly a rock wool.

The method may comprise forming fire barriers between rows of adjacent panels, once they are installed, or during the installation thereof

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be understood better on reading the below detailed description of one embodiment without being limited to this, and on examining the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective, partial view of an example of a façade panel according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a front view of the primary framework of the panel; Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the building facade with the panels in place; Figure 4 is a vertical section of the façade covered with the panels, at another location of the building; Figure 5 illustrates installation of the panels in successive rows, the panels being shown schematically by means of their primary frameworks; Figure 6 illustrates the steps of fixing a panel to its clips; Figure 7 shows a first type of bottom clip from different viewing angles; Figure 8 shows a second type of bottom clip from different viewing angles; Figure 9 shows an example of a top clip from different viewing angles, Figure 10 shows two views of a safety device or latch, with the two views respectively showing the latch firstly in the panel retaining position and secondly in the panel receiving position respectively; Figure 11 shows an example of a compression tool; and Figure 12 illustrates the action of the compression tool on the panel

Detailed description

In Figure 1 is shown an example of a panel 1 according to the invention, designed for energy renovation of a building façade from the outside.

This panel 1 comprises a metal primary framework 10, shown separately in Figure 2, comprising vertical uprights 11 and horizontal rails 12 fixed to the uprights, including rails forming the upper 12a and lower 12b horizontal crossbars of the structure of the primary framework.

The arrangement of the uprights and rails is carried out as a function of a layout plan taking account of the openings in the facade, aiming to optimise material costs and comply with the desired centre-to-centre distances.

The framework 10 is preferably made of light steel [SF (light steel frame), with a profile thickness varying from 1 mm to 3 mm, for example. The rails and uprights can be assembled with each other with the aid of self-tapping screws.

The panel 1 comprises a wind-bracing layer 14, visible in the sections of Figures 3 and 4. This layer 14 can be composed of one or more panels of OSB, for example of class 3 and thickness 12 mm, mechanically fixed to the rear face of the primary framework 10 with the aid of ring nails.

The wind-bracing layer 14 carries on its rear face compression insulation 16, which is for example a layer of rock wool or mineral wool, fixed with the aid of screws and roses (not visible) to this wind-bracing layer 14 The compression insulation 16 is compressed between the facade F and the wind-bracing layer 14 when the panel 1 is in place.

The wind-bracing layer 14 carries on the side of its outer face (that is, opposite to the façade) at least one layer of insulation, in this case two superimposed layers 17 and 18 of insulation, for example two batts of rock wool or mineral wool with respective thicknesses of 100 mm and 40 mm, making it possible to obtain the desired total thickness of insulation This insulation layer or layers 17 and 18 are at least partially integrated in the thickness of the primary framework 10, and are fixed to the wind-bracing layer 14 by conventional fixing assemblies 19, with screws and rosettes or washers.

The primary framework 10 carries a secondary framework 20 supporting cladding 30, for example of the Copanel type This secondary framework 20 is fixed with the aid of right-angled brackets 22 and self-tapping screws 21 to the primary framework 10, as can be seen in Figure 3 in particular.

It can be seen in Figures 3 and 4 that there is no residual air gap between the compression insulation 16 and the facade F. An air gap may be present behind the cladding 30.

The panels 1 are prefabricated at the factory, off site, and installed on the façade F in horizontal rows, preferably beginning at the bottom, as illustrated in Figure 5 The length of the panels 1 is, for example, greater than 7 m, and their height is greater than 2 m. The length of the panels 1 is, for example, less than 12 m, and their height is less than 3 m. The height of a panel 1 preferably corresponds substantially to that of a floor of the building. In Figure 5, the panels 1 are installed in the following order: panel 1 bottom right, panel 1 bottom left, then panel 1 top right.

The panels 1 are fixed to the facade by means of clips previously positioned on the facade More particularly, bottom clips can be used, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, and top clips as shown in Figure 9.

The bottom clips can be of two types.

The clips designed to support the panels at or adjacent to their ends are preferably of the type shown in Figure 7.

In this figure is shown a clip 50 comprising an upright 51 to be fixed to the facade, a horizontal plate 52 connected at right angles to the upright 51 and provided at its front end with an upwardly directed rim or arm 53, as can be seen in the side view A This rim 53 serves to retain the panel 1 on the clip, when it is placed on top It can be seen in the front view B that the upright 51 has an oblong hole 54 allowing adjustment of the vertical position of the clip, and two lateral holes 55 for permanently fixing it to the facade F with the aid of concrete screws.

It can be seen in the top view C that the horizontal plate 52 has holes 56 for the passage of self-tapping screws designed to ensure fixing of the primary framework 10 to the clip, these screws engaging in the lower crossbar 12b of the structure of the primary framework 10.

In Figure 8 is shown a bottom clip 60 of a second type, designed to support the panel 10 in its central part.

This clip 60 is in the form of a bracket, as can be seen in the side view A, with a vertical upright 61 designed to be fixed to the facade, and a horizontal plate 62.

It can be seen in the front view B that the upright 61 has an oblong hole 64 allowing adjustment of the vertical position of the clip on the facade, and two lateral holes 65 for permanently fixing it with the aid of concrete screws In the top view C, it can be seen that the plate 62 has holes 66 for the passage of self-tapping screws designed to ensure fixing of the primary framework to the clip.

In Figure 9 is shown a top clip 70.

The latter is in the form of a bracket, with an upright 71 to be fixed to the facade and a horizontal plate 72, as can be seen in the side view A The upright 71 is provided with an oblong hole 74, as can be seen in the front view B, allowing adjustment of the height.

The plate 72 has holes 76, visible in the top view C, for the passage of self-tapping screws for fixing the primary framework to the clip, these screws engaging in the upper crossbar 12a of the structure of the primary framework.

It is also possible to fix to the facade, at least provisionally, at least one safety device 80 per panel 1, such as the one shown in Figure 10.

This device 80 comprises an upright 81, having an oblong hole 82, designed to be fixed to the façade, and a latch 83 hinged to the upright 81. This latch 83 has a raised or projecting retaining portion 85, composed for example of a downwardly directed rim.

This latch 83 can move from a raised position, shown in view B, allowing the upper edge of the panel 10, during the installation thereof once it is installed on the bottom clips, to be placed under the upright 81, to a downwardly folded position, shown in view A, in which the projecting retaining portion 85 is positioned in front of the panel 1 to prevent it from tilting forwards.

The bottom clips as well as the safety device or devices 80 can be previously fixed to the facade F as a function of the locations provided for receiving the panels 1.

Preferably, all of the top and bottom clips are fixed to the facade prior to installation of the panels, using the oblong holes allowing a possibility of final adjustment of the height of the clips. In a variant, only the bottom clips are so fixed to the facade.

The panels 1 can be installed on the facade, one by one, in the manner shown in Figure 6.

Each panel 1 is brought close to the facade suspended from a lifting beam 180, held for example by a telescopic crane, as shown in view A. The lifting beam 180 is preferably adjustable, with three slinging points. The slings will preferably be fixed to the primary framework of the panel by removable lifting rings. The safety device 80 has its latch 83 raised.

Three bottom clips per panel 10 are provided, for example, including two lateral or side clips 50 and one central clip 60.

The panel 10 is installed on these clips 50 and 60, then the latch 83 of the safety device 80 is folded down over its upper edge to prevent it from tilting forwards, as shown in view B. The rims or arms 53 of the bottom clips 50 are engaged in the panel 1 behind the cladding 30, but in front of the primary framework 10.

The panel 1 can then be secured at the top with the aid of the central top clip 70 in addition to the safety device 80, as shown in view B of Figure 6 The panel 1 is provisionally fixed with the aid of self-tapping screws to the top central clip 70. This top central clip will be refixed permanently to the primary framework when the panel 1 is compressed at the ends and fixed to end brackets or bottom clips 50.

Next, two other top clips 70 can be fixed to the wall, as shown in view C of Figure 6, then, if occasion arises, the slings of the lifting beam can be detached, as shown in view D of Figure 6. In a variant, the panel can remain attached to the slings during compression and until permanent fixing of all of the clips to the primary framework has taken place. This provides extra safety.

Adjustment of the perpendicularity of the panel 1 while compressing the compression insulation 16 corresponds to view D of Figure 6, and is carried out for example by using the tool 100 shown in Figures 11 and 12.

This tool 100 comprises a threaded rod 101, on which is engaged a nut 102 integral at its base with a washer 103 having a larger outside diameter.

A hand wrench 104 can be used to tighten the nut 102 on the rod 101.

The latter can be fixed to the facade F with the aid of a concrete anchor 106 and a threaded stud 107 onto which the rod 101 is screwed.

During use of the tool 100, the washer 103 comes to bear on the front of the structure of the primary framework 10, as shown in Figure 12. By screwing the nut 102 on the rod 101 to a greater or lesser degree, the operator can control the degree of compression of the compression insulation 16. The diameter of the washer 103 allows the rod 101 to be situated under the panel 1 to be handled, while engaging on the crossbar of the framework structure.

In the example of Figure 5, the right part of the second panel 1 is to be handled as a priority, because it abuts the first panel which is already installed Once the compression insulation 16 has been compressed and the perpendicularity of the panel has been adjusted, the position can be locked with the aid of the self-tapping screws engaged in the corresponding holes 56, 66 and 76 in the clips, and screwed into the top 12a and bottom 12b crossbars of the primary framework 10.

When all the screws have been put in place, the safety device 80 can be removed, as shown in view E of Figure 6.

The operators in charge of installing the panels can stand on one or more mobile elevating work platforms The top and bottom clips are preferably formed by folding or bending a metal strip, rather than by welding separately produced components, in order to minimise the risks of corrosion The clips can be made by folding 10 mm thick steel treated against corrosion Fire bathers 110 can be disposed between two horizontal rows of panels I installed on the facade, as shown in Figure 4. Two adjacent panels I in the same row can have a layer of insulation between them, extending vertically, for example a layer of mineral wool with an initial thickness of 20 mm, capable of absorbing the expansion of the panels It is also possible to carry out finishing, particularly at the level of reveals or arches.

Prior to manufacture of the panels 1, a laser scan and digital modelling of the building facade are preferably carried out. This makes it possible to produce made-to-measure panels, by executing an automated layout plan of the panels and automatic dimensioning of the primary framework.

Naturally, the invention is not confined to the example which has just been described. For instance, to produce the wind-bracing layer 14, materials other than OSB can be used, for example materials of the Fermacell (RTM), Siniat Weather Defense or Duripanel type Other compression tools, for example motorised tools, can be used.

Claims

CLAIMS: 1. Panel (1) for the thermal renovation of a building façade (F) from an outside of the façade, comprising: a primary framework (10), preferably made of metal, - a wind-bracing layer (14) fixed to the primary framework (10), compression insulation (16) disposed on an interior face of the wind-bracing layer, designed to be compressed against the façade to be renovated, insulation (18, 19) disposed on an exterior face of the wind-bracing layer (14), - a covering (30), supported by the primary framework, preferably supported by a secondary framework (20) fixed to the primary framework (10).The panel according to claim 1, wherein the wind-bracing layer (14) being made of orientated strand board (OSB) The panel according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the covering (30) being a facing of sheets or laths, particularly cladding The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary framework (10) comprising steel uprights, preferably light steel uprights.The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary framework (20) is fixed to the primary framework (10) with the aid of right-angled brackets (22) and self-tapping screws (21).The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wind-bracing layer (14) is fixed to an interior face of the primary framework (10) The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary framework (10) comprises horizontal rails (12, 12a, 12b) spaced apart with a centreto-centre distance of not more than 135 cm in a vertical direction.The panel according to any one of the preceding claims, having a length greater than or equal to 6m.Assembly for the thermal renovation of a building facade, comprising: a plurality of panels (1) as defined in any one of the preceding claims; and a set of clips (50, 60, 70) to be fixed to the facade (F), in order to fasten the panels (1) to it.10. The assembly according to claim 9, further comprising at least one compression tool (100) to be fixed temporarily to the facade in order to compress the compression insulation (16) against the facade.The assembly according to claim 10, the compression tool comprising a panel compression member (103), a threaded rod (101) and a nut and bolt mechanism (102) for moving a panel compression member (103) along the rod (101) towards the facade (F) 12. The assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 11, the clips including bottom clips (50) in the form of brackets having an upright (51) to be fixed to the facade, a horizontal plate (52) designed to support the panel and a vertical rim or arm (53) for retaining the panel (1), the horizontal plate (52) being provided with at least one hole (56) for the passage of a self-tapping screw for fixing the primary framework (10) to the bottom clip (50).13. The assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 12, the clips including top clips (70) in the form of brackets having an upright (71) to be fixed to the facade and a horizontal plate (72) provided with at least one hole (76) for the passage of a self-tapping screw for fixing the primary framework (10) to the top clip (70) 14. The assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising a safety device (80) for provisionally retaining the panel (1), having an upright (81) to be fixed to the facade and a latch (83) hinged to this upright (81), to be folded down over the panel (1) once the panel (1) is ready to be fixed to the facade.15. A method for energy renovation of a building facade (F) from its outside, comprising the following steps: prefabricating a plurality of panels (1) as defined in any one of claims Ito 8, fixing the panels to the facade, ensuring compression of the compression insulation (16) during installation.16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the panels are installed on bottom clips (50, 60) prior to being fixed to the facade (F).17. The method according to claim 16, including a step of installing top clips (70) and bottom clips (50, 60) on the facade (F) for fixing the panels (1) to the facade (F) prior to installation of the panels (1) on the bottom clips (50, 60) 18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, comprising performing a scan of the facade (F), followed by drawing up an automated layout plan of the primary frameworks (10) of the panels (1).19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, the panels (1) being installed in successive horizontal rows from a bottom row upwardly.20. The method according to one of claims 16 and 17, comprising fixing the primary frameworks (10) of the panels (1) to the clips (50, 60, 70) with the aid of self-tapping screws.21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, wherein compression of the panel insulation (16) is carried out with the aid of at least one compression tool (100) comprising a threaded rod (101) temporarily fixed to the facade (F) and a nut and bolt mechanism (102) driven by an operator carrying out assembly.22. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21, the compression insulation (16) being, in at least some zones, particularly over all or nearly all of its surface, compressed by more than 30% of its initial thickness, preferably by more than 50% of its initial thickness.23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, further comprising forming fire barriers (110) between rows of adjacent panels (1).