GB2584786A - Multi-mode Resonator apparatus and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Multi-mode Resonator apparatus and method of use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2584786A
GB2584786A GB2005411.0A GB202005411A GB2584786A GB 2584786 A GB2584786 A GB 2584786A GB 202005411 A GB202005411 A GB 202005411A GB 2584786 A GB2584786 A GB 2584786A
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United Kingdom
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mode
resonator
resonator means
resonant cavity
resonant
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GB202005411D0 (en
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Bakr Mustafa
Hunter Ian
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Radio Design Ltd
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Radio Design Ltd
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Publication of GB2584786A publication Critical patent/GB2584786A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/10—Dielectric resonators
    • H01P7/105—Multimode resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • H01P1/2084—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with dielectric resonators
    • H01P1/2086—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with dielectric resonators multimode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/205—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities
    • H01P1/2053—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities the coaxial cavity resonators being disposed parall to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • H01P1/2084—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with dielectric resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/06—Cavity resonators

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-mode resonator apparatus comprising first outer resonator means 12 having a channel 16 defined therethrough, and second inner resonator means 14 located in said channel, and a spaced distance apart from the outer resonator. The outer and inner resonators are operable in a first and second mode respectively. The second mode is different from the first mode. The outer and inner resonator means are electromagnetically coupled together and are arranged to resonate at the same frequency in use. The outer resonator can be dielectric or ceramic, and the inner resonator can be a comb-line resonator, a metal rod or metal coated. The first, outer resonator may be supported by insulating means within the resonant cavity. The apparatus may comprise a tuning screw. The outer resonator may comprise a metal disk on the top surface.

Description

Multi-Mode Resonator Apparatus and Method of Use 'thereof This invention relates to multi-mode resonator apparatus and to a method of use thereof A filter apparatus is typically used in a telecommunication system to compensate for disturbances, such as interference, that may affect one or more transmission signals being sent and/or received by the telecommunication system. the filter apparatus is designed to remove unwanted components from the transmit and/or receive signals and/or enhance the desired transmit and/or receive signals.
Telecommunication systems, such as broadcast radio, television, wireless communication systems (i.e. mobile phones, Wi-Fi etc) and/or the like which transmit and/or receive signals in the medium to high frequency ranges (i.e. in the megahertz and gigahertz frequency ranges) typically use radio frequency (RF) and microwave filter assemblies in order to filter their transmit and/or receive signals. An example of conventional RF or microwave filter apparatus typically includes a conductive housing defining one or more resonant cavities therein with one or more resonators located in each cavity. A resonator is an electronic component that exhibits resonance for a narrow range of frequencies. Iwo or more resonators within the filter are typically electromagnetically coupled together to provide the filter with a required set of performance characteristics.
Resonators can be designed to operate in either a single mode, or two or more modes and are termed multi-mode resonators. Single mode resonators resonate at a single frequency or single passband. Multi-mode resonators can be arranged to operate at a single frequency or passband or two or more different frequencies or passbands.
Filters using single mode resonators tend to be relatively large, with one resonator in each cavity and each resonator resonating at a single frequency. Multi-mode resonators allow a higher order filter to be provided while occupying less physical space compared to a. single mode filter, thereby allowing multi-mode filters to be more compact in design and less expensive to produce. However, filters using multi-mode resonators tend to have insufficient degrees of freedom to constitute an arbitrary response. For example, it may not be possible to control the frequency of reflection zeroes and transmission zeroes simultaneously. In addition, filter apparatus using multi-mode resonators tends to lack independence with respect to the tuning elements of the filter apparatus; that is the tuning elements provide both a primary effect which is wanted, and a secondary effect which is unwanted.
W02006/026826 describes filter apparatus that uses dual mode resonators to provide dual passbands. Each cavity of the filter apparatus includes a resonant structure composed of an annular ceramic outer resonator and an inner metal resonator located in the central aperture of the outer resonator. The ceramic outer resonator operates in a first mode and resonates at a first frequency or passband, the inner metal resonator operates in a second mode different to the first mode and resonates at a second frequency or passband different to the first frequency or passband. The resulting filter apparatus allows a dual mode filter to be provided which is compact in design and operates over two different passbands.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide alternative multi-mode resonator apparatus.
It is a. further aim of the present invention to provide a method of using multi-mode resonator apparatus.
It is a yet further aim of the present invention to provide filter apparatus including multi-mode resonator apparatus.
It is a yet further aim of the present invention to provide a method of using filter apparatus including multi-mode resonator apparatus.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided multi-mode resonator apparatus, said resonator apparatus comprising first outer resonator means having a channel defined therethrough, and second inner resonator means located in said channel and a spaced distance apart from the first outer resonator means, the first outer resonator means operable in a first mode, and the second inner resonator means operable in a second mode different to the first mode, characterised in that first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means arc electromagnetically coupled together and arc arranged to resonate at the same or substantially the same frequency in U se.
Thus, the present invention provides a multi-mode resonator apparatus which has different resonator modes but which can operate over the same frequency Or a single passband. This allows the resulting filter apparatus that the resonator apparatus is provided with in use to be more compact in design compared to conventional single passband filters and less expensive to produce. It allows the resulting filter apparatus to have more degrees of freedom compared to other multi-mode filters to constitute an arbitrary response, and also provides a higher degree of tuning independence compared to prior art multi-mode filter apparatuses.
Preferably the ratio of one or more dimensions of the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are arranged so as to allow the frequencies of the two resonator means to coincide or substantially coincide to provide a single passband response in use. For example, the ratio of the height, width and/or thickness of the first and second resonator means can be adjusted so as to allow the first and second resonator means to resonate at the same or substantially the same frequency in use.
Preferably the multi-mode resonator apparatus is provided in a single resonant cavity within a housing in use, and further preferably within a filter housing in use.
Preferably the resonant cavity is defined between a base wall and side Preferably the resonant cavity has an opening opposite to the base wall.
Preferably a lid or cover is provided over the opening of the resonant cavity in use.
Preferably the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are of different types, are formed from different material or materials and/or the like.
Preferably the first outer resonator means is formed from consists of or includes a dielectric material.
Preferably the dielectric material is a ceramic material.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is a comb-line resonator.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is formed from, consists of or includes an electrically conductive material, such as metal, has a metal coating and/or the like.
Preferably the first outer resonator means is annular or substantially annular in form.
Preferably the second inner resonator means is in the form of a rod, post and/or the like.
In one example, the second inner resonator means is a dielectric Transverse Magnetic (TM) mode rod.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is solid or substantially solid.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is hollow or has a hollow channel defined therethrough.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is arranged concentrically and/or centrally of the first outer resonator means.
In one embodiment the second inner resonator means is arranged non-concentrically and/or off-centred with respect to the first outer resonator means.
Preferably a first end of the second inner resonator means is joined to or integral with a wall of or defining the resonant cavity, such as for example a base wall or electrical ground plane of the resonant cavity. However, the second inner resonator means could be joined to or integrally formed with a lid or cover of the resonant cavity, or a side wall of the resonant cavity if required Preferably the first and/or second resonator means protrudes outwardly from a wall of the resonant cavity in use.
In one embodiment a first end of the first resonator means is joined to or integral with a wall of the resonant cavity, such as for example a base wall or electrical ground plane of the resonant cavity.
In one embodiment the first end of the first resonator means is joined to the same wall in the resonant cavity as the first end of the second resonator means.
Preferably the first and/or second resonator means are joined to a wall of the resonant cavity via coupling means, such as for example, any or any combination of one or more coupling members, solder, adhesive, welding, friction fit, push fit connection, one (Jr more clips, screws, nuts and bolts, inter-engaging members and/or the like.
In one embodiment the first resonator means is arranged to "float" within the resonant cavity, not be electrically connected to the cavity, or can be supported by insulating means within the resonant cavity. For example, the first resonator means could be provided on or associated with insulating means or material which contacts a surface of the resonant cavity. In one example, the insulating means or material could include (Jr consist of Alumina (a form of Aluminium Oxide).
Preferably a second end of the second inner resonator means can be recessed within the channel of the first resonator means, is flush or substantially flush with a top surface of the first resonator means or protrudes outwardly beyond the top surface of the first resonator means.
Preferably the top surface of the first resonator means is the surface nearest to a lid or cover of the resonant cavity, is furthest from the base wall of the resonant cavity, or is furthest from the end of the second resonator means that is joined to or integral with a wall of the resonant cavity in use.
In one embodiment the first outer resonator means is arranged to operate in first and third modes in use.
In one embodiment an electrically conductive member, a metal member or metal disc is located on a top surface of the first resonator means e the surface of the first resonator means nearest to the lid or cover or furthest from the surface to which the first and/or second resonator is joined or integral with in the resonant cavity).
In one embodiment the electrically conductive member, the metal member or the metal disc is annular or substantially annular in form, and further preferably is of similar or the same shape and/or dimensions as a top or upper surface of the first outer resonator means.
Preferably the electrically conductive member, the metal member or the metal disc lowers the resonant frequency of first and third modes of the resonant apparatus, such that they are similar in frequency to the second mode. The provision of a third mode results in the resonator apparatus being a triple mode resonator apparatus.
Preferably the further mode or third mode is a degenerate mode to the first mode provided on (Jr associated with the first resonator means.
In one embodiment the electromagnetic field of the first resonant mode is normal to, 90 degree to or substantially 90 degrees to the electromagnetic field of the second resonant mode.
In one aspect of the present invention there is provided filter apparatus, said filter apparatus including a housing defining at least one resonant cavity therein, said at least one resonant cavity including resonator apparatus as described herein.
Preferably one or more wall of the filter housing defining the resonant cavity is formed from electrically conductive material and/or have an electrically conductive coating provided thereon.
Preferably the housing includes two or more resonant cavities and each of said two or more resonant cavities have resonator apparatus provided therein.
Preferably the resonator apparatus in the two or more resonant cavities are coupled together via coupling means.
Preferably the coupling means include any Or any combination of input and output connections or terminals and/or the like.
Preferably a lid (Jr cover is provided over or associated with the at least one resonant cavity or two or more resonant cavities of the filter housing in use.
Preferably tuning means are provided on or associated with the resonator apparatus and/or filter apparatus to allowing tuning of the resonant frequency of the first and/or second resonator means in use.
Preferably the tuning means is or includes a tuning screw.
In one embodiment the tuning means is provided on or associated with the lid or cover of the filter apparatus.
In one embodiment the tuning means is provided on or associated with a side wall and/or base wall of the filter apparatus.
Preferably at least part of the tuning means is located through or within the hollow (Jr hollow channel of the second resonator means, and further preferably through an end of the second resonator opposite to a first end that joins the second resonator means to a wall of the resonant cavity.
Preferably at least part of the tuning means or tuning screw is arranged to move within and/or relative to the channel defined in the second resonator means in use.
In one embodiment the resonator apparatus is arranged to provide a dual mode filter apparatus.
In one embodiment the resonator apparatus is arranged to provide a triple mode filter apparatus.
Preferably in the triple mode filter apparatus and/or resonator apparatus, two of the modes are degenerate modes and one mode is non-degenera.te.
Preferably the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are non-degenerate modes.
Preferably the first resonant mode can include any of a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, a quasi TF,N1 mode, a pure transverse electric (TE) mode, a pure transverse magnetic (TM) mode, or a hybrid mode (HE or EH).
Preferably the second resonant mode can include any of a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, a quasi TEM mode, a pure transverse electric (TE) mode, a pure transverse magnetic (TM) mode, or a hybrid mode (H E or EH).
In one example the first resonant mode is a quasi TEM mode and the second resonant mode is a TE018 mode to provide dual mode resonator apparatus and/or filter apparatus.
In one example the second resonant mode is a quasi TEM mode and the first and third modes are degenerate TM11 modes to provide a triple mode resonator apparatus and/or filter apparatus.
Preferably the resonator apparatus is a mixed mode resonator apparatus in that it includes a comb-line resonator and a dielectric resonator in one embodiment.
Preferably the first and second resonator means are any means or members which exhibits resonance or resonant behaviour at a particular frequency or frequency range.
Preferably the resonant cavity, the first resonator means and/or second resonator means can have any cross-sectional shape and/or dimensions, such as for example circular, square, hexagonal and/or the like.
Preferably the walls of the housing defining the resonant cavity are formed from or are coated in electrically conductive material, such as for example, metal.
Preferably the first and/or second resonant means are provided centrally or substantially centrally of the resonant cavity.
Preferably the at least one resonant cavity is defined in a radio frequency (RF) filter housing.
Preferably two (Jr more resonant cavities are defined in the filter ho using.
Preferably the two or more resonant cavities are coupled together via coupling means.
Preferably the cavity coupling means include any or any combination of one or more irises or apertures defined in one or more side walls of adjacent resonant cavities, input and/or output transmission lines and/or the like.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of using multi-mode resonator apparatus, said resonator apparatus comprising first outer resonator means having a channel defined therethrough, and second inner resonator means located in said channel and a spaced distance apart from the first outer resonator means, said method including the steps of arranging the first outer resonator means to operate in a first mode, arranging the second inner resonator means to operate in a second mode different to the first mode, characterised in that the method further includes the steps of electromagnetically coupling the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means together and arranging them to resonate at the same or substantially the same frequency.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided filter apparatus including resonator apparatus.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of using filter apparatus including resonator apparatus.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the following figures, wherein: Figures la and lb show a side view and a perspective view of resonator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention respectively for use in dual mode filter apparatus; Figures 2a-2c show the filter responses that can be produced using the resonator apparatus of figures la and lb; Figures 3a and 3b show a perspective view and a side view of resonator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention respectively for use in triple mode filter apparatus; Figure 4 shows a filter response that can be produced using the resonator apparatus of figures 3a and 3b.
Referring firstly to figures la and lb, there is illustrated resonator apparatus 2 that can be provided in a resonant cavity 4 of dual mode filter apparatus in use.
The filter apparatus includes a housing and one or more resonant cavities 4 are defined within the housing (only one cavity is shown here for clarity purposes). The resonant cavity 4 has a base wall 6, side walls 8 and a lid 10. The walls of the resonant cavity are formed from electrically conductive material, such as metal, (Jr are provided with an electrically conductive coating thereon. The filter apparatus typically has a plurality of cavities which are cascaded together in use to provide a desired filter response.
The resonator apparatus 2 includes a first outer resonator 12 and a second inner resonator 14. The first outer resonator 12 is annular in shape and has a hollow channel 16 defined therethrough. The second inner resonator 14 is located in the hollow channel 16 and a spaced distance apart from the outer resonator 12.
The first resonator 12 consists of a dielectric material, which in this example is ceramic. The second resonator 14 is formed from or has an outer coating of metal and is in the form of a comb-line resonator in this example.
The first end 18 of second resonator 14 is joined to or integrally formed with the base wall 6 of the cavity 4. the opposite second end of the second resonator 14 is recessed within the channel 16 in the illustration, but it can be flush or substantially flush with a top surface 20 of the first resonator 12 (the top surface is the surface nearest to the lid 10), or can protrude outwardly beyond the top surface 20 of the first resonator 12 if required.
The first resonator 12 is floating within the cavity in that it is attached to one or more walls of the cavity via insulation means (not shown), such as for example, Alumina.
The first resonator 12 has a first resonant mode and the second resonator 14 has a second resonant mode. The first and second resonant modes are different and distinct from each other but are electromagnetically coupled together. The first and second resonators 12, 14 are arranged to resonant at the same or substantially the same frequency to provide a single pa.ssband for the resonator apparatus.
In the present example, the second resonant mode is a quasi '1 EM mode and the electromagnetic field of the second resonator 14 is normal to the lid 10. The first resonant mode is a TE018 mode and the electromagnetic field of the first resonator is normal to the side walls 22 of the first resonator 12. The combination of the first and second resonant modes provides a dual mode non-degenerate filter response. The resulting filter apparatus including a plurality of the cavities with resonant apparatus therein has a large number of degrees of freedom independent of the tuning of each mode and its couplings. The resulting filter apparatus is compact in size and has a high Q factor.
Input coupling means and output coupling means arc normally present with the resonant apparatus in figures la-lb but are not shown in this embodiment for the purposes of clarity.
Figures 2a-2c show examples of the different filter responses that can be created using the resonant apparatus 2 in filter apparatus. Each graph shows frequency in GHz on the X-axis and S-parameters in dB on the V-axis. The two plots on each graph are S11 and S21.
In figure 2a, two transmission zeroes 24, 26 are shown just below the passband frequency 28 of the filter apparatus.
In figure 2b, one weak transmission zero 30 is shown below the passband frequency 32 and one strong transmission zero 34 is shown above the passband frequency 32.
In figure 2c, one strong transmission zero 36 is shown below the passband frequency 38 and one strong transmission zero 40 is shown above the passband frequency 38.
Referring to figures 3a and 3b, there is illustrated resonator apparatus 102 that can be provided in a resonant cavity 104 of triple mode filter apparatus in use.
The filter apparatus includes a housing and the resonant cavity 104 is defined within the housing. The resonant cavity 104 has a base wall 106, side walls 108 and a lid 110. The filter apparatus typically has a plurality of resonant cavities which are cascaded together in use to provide a desired filter response, but only one resonant cavity in shown in these figures for clarity purposes.
The resonator apparatus 102 includes a first outer resonator 112 and a second inner resonator 114. The first outer resonator 112 is annular in shape and has a hollow channel 116 defined therethrough. The second inner resonator 114 is located in the hollow channel 116 and a spaced distance apart from the outer resonator 112.
The first resonator 112 consists of a dielectric material, which in this example is ceramic. The second resonator 114 is formed from or has an outer coating of metal and is in the form of a comb-line resonator iii this example.
In this embodiment both the first end of second resonator 114 and the first end 118 of first resonator 112 are joined to (Jr integrally formed with the base wall 106 of the cavity 104. The opposite second end 119 of the second resonator 114 protrudes outwardly beyond the top surface 120 of the first resonator 112 (the top surface is the surface nearest to the lid 110).
A metal annular disc 124 is located on the top surface 120 of the first resonator 112. The disc acts to lower the resonant frequency of the first and third modes such that they are similar in frequency to the second mode. 'thus, the first resonator 112 has first and third modes and the second resonator has a second mode. The resulting filter apparatus in which the resonator apparatus is provided is a triple mode filter. the resonator apparatus and the filter apparatus still operate over a single passband.
In the example provided, the first and third modes are degenerate 'I'Mll modes and the second mode is a quasi TEM mode.
Input and output coupling terminals 126, 128 are also located in the cavity to allow resonator cavities within the filter apparatus to be coupled together in use. Each coupling terminal comprises an upright rod 130 and a coupling terminal 132.
Figure 3a shows an example of a filter response that can he created using the resonant apparatus 102 in filter apparatus. The graph shows frequency in GIIz on the X-axis and S-parameters in di on the Y-axis. The two lines on each graph are Sll (reflective characteristics) and 521 (transmission characteristics). in this graph, two transmission zeroes 134, 136 are provided below the passband 138 of the filter response.

Claims (24)

14 Claims 1. Multi-mode resonator apparatus, said resonator apparatus comprising first outer resonator means having a channel defined therethrough, and second inner resonator means located in said channel and a spaced distance apart from the first outer resonator means, the first outer resonator means operable in a first mode, and the second inner resonator means operable in a second mode different to the first mode, characterised in that the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are electromagnetically coupled together and are arranged to resonate at the same or substantially the same frequency in use.
2. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of one or more of the dimensions of the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are arranged so as to allow the frequencies of the first and second resonator means to coincide or substantially coincide to provide a single passband response in use.
3. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are provided in a single resonant cavity within a housing or filter housing in use.
4. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to 1, wherein the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means are of different types and/or are formed from different material or materials.
5. Muhl-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first outer resonator means is formed from, consists of or includes a dielectric material and/or is a ceramic material.
6. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the second inner resonator means is a comb-line resonator; and/or is formed from, consists of or includes an electrically conductive material, is a metal and/or has a metal coating.
7. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first outer resonator means is annular or substantially annular in form.
8. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the second inner resonator means is in the form of a rod, post or dielectric 'transverse Magnetic (TM) mode rod.
9. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 3 wherein a first end of the second inner resonator means and/or a first end of the first inner resonator means is joined to or integral with wall defining the resonant cavity.
10. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the first and/or second resonator means are joined to a wall of the resonant cavity via any or any combination of coupling means, one or more coupling members, clips, screws, nuts and bolts, inter-engaging members, solder, adhesive, welding, friction fit, or push fit connection.
11. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the first resonator means is arranged to float within the resonant cavity, not be electrically connected to the cavity, is supported by insulating means within the resonant cavity and/or is joined to the resonant cavity by Alumina.
12. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein an electrically conductive member, a metal member, metal coated member or metal disc is located on a top or upper surface of the first resonator means.
13. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first resonator means is arranged to operate in a first mode and a. third mode.
14. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the third mode is a degenerate mode to the first mode.
15. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the electromagnetic field of the first mode is normal to, 90 degrees to or substantially 90 degrees to the electromagnetic field of the second mode.
16. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein tuning means or a tuning screw is provided on or associated with the apparatus.
17. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 16 wherein at least part of the tuning means or tuning screw is arranged to more within and/or relative to a channel defined in the second resonator means in use.
18. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the apparatus is provided as a part of a dual mode filter apparatus and the first and second modes are non-degenerate m 0 de s.
19. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the apparatus is provided as part of a triple mode filter apparatus and two of the modes are degenerate modes and one mode is non-degenerate.
90. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first and/or second mode is any of a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, a quasi-transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode, a pure transverse electric (TE) mode, a pure transverse magnetic (TM) mode, or a hybrid mode (TIE or Eli).
21. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first mode is a quasi TEM mode and the second mode is a TED 18 mode.
22. Multi-mode resonator apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first mode is a TM11 mode, the second mode is a quasi TEM mode, and the first outer resonator means ha.s a. third mode in the form of a IMI I mode.
23. A method of using multi-mode resonator apparatus, said resonator apparatus comprising first outer resonator means having a channel defined therethrough, and second inner resonator means located in said channel and a spaced distance apart from the first outer resonator means, said method including the steps of arranging the first outer resonator means to operate in a first mode, arranging the second inner resonator means to operate in a second mode different to the first mode, characterised in that the method further includes the steps of electromagnetically coupling the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means together and arranging them to resonate at the same or substantially the same frequency.
24. The method of claim 23 including the step of arranging the ratio of one or more dimensions of the first outer resonator means and the second inner resonator means so as to allow the frequencies of the first and second resonator means to coincide or subs initially coincide to provide a single passband response.
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US20140347148A1 (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-11-27 Jorge A. Ruiz-Cruz Method of operation and construction of filters and multiplexers using multi-conductor multi-dielectric combline resonators

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1091441A2 (en) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-11 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Resonator device, filter, composite filter device, duplexer, and communication device
GB2378585A (en) * 2001-04-04 2003-02-12 Murata Manufacturing Co Resonator device, filter, duplexer, and communication apparatus using the same
WO2006026826A1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-16 Filtronic Pty Ltd Multiband filter
EP1962370A1 (en) * 2007-02-21 2008-08-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dielectric multimode resonator
US20140347148A1 (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-11-27 Jorge A. Ruiz-Cruz Method of operation and construction of filters and multiplexers using multi-conductor multi-dielectric combline resonators

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