GB2575247A - Tappet for a fuel pump - Google Patents

Tappet for a fuel pump Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2575247A
GB2575247A GB1810448.9A GB201810448A GB2575247A GB 2575247 A GB2575247 A GB 2575247A GB 201810448 A GB201810448 A GB 201810448A GB 2575247 A GB2575247 A GB 2575247A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
tappet
roller
groove
opening
jet hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB1810448.9A
Other versions
GB2575247B (en
GB201810448D0 (en
Inventor
Gilbert Barker Barrie
Flinn Lawrence
Girardie Nicolas
Ainsworth Mark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies IP Ltd filed Critical Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority to GB1810448.9A priority Critical patent/GB2575247B/en
Publication of GB201810448D0 publication Critical patent/GB201810448D0/en
Publication of GB2575247A publication Critical patent/GB2575247A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2575247B publication Critical patent/GB2575247B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/06—Pumps peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/063—Delivery stroke of piston being divided into two or more parts, e.g. by using specially shaped cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M49/00—Fuel-injection apparatus in which injection pumps are driven or injectors are actuated, by the pressure in engine working cylinders, or by impact of engine working piston
    • F02M49/04—Fuel-injection apparatus in which injection pumps are driven or injectors are actuated, by the pressure in engine working cylinders, or by impact of engine working piston using the piston impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/13—Special devices for making an explosive mixture; Fuel pumps
    • F02M2700/1317—Fuel pumpo for internal combustion engines

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Tappet 22 for a high pressure pump (10, figure 1) of a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine is arranged between a plunger (18) and roller (24) following a rotating cam. The tappet has a cylindrical peripheral wall 26 extending along a longitudinal axis L from a first end 28 cooperating with the plunger and a second end 30 provided with diametrically opposed roller openings 32, 34 for arranging the roller and wherein. The tappet is adapted to slide in a bore (14) before an opening (40) of a lubricant conduit (42) and is provided with a roller lubrication path 44 for enabling oil exiting the conduit to flow off conduit opening. The lubrication path comprises a first jet hole (46) drilled through the tappet peripheral wall 26 from an outer 36 to an inner face 38 and arranged in the vicinity of a roller opening. A groove 48 in the outer face extends from the jet hole to a place that faces the conduit opening. The groove being configured to enable permanent oil flow regardless of the plunger position. A high pressure pump is also claimed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a tappet for a high pressure pump of a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the tappet being configured to improve lubrication.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A tappet is, in use, arranged between a plunger and a roller following a rotating cam, the tappet being provided with a roller lubrication path for enabling oil to flow to the roller. Usually, said roller lubrication path comprises a lubricant conduit extending from a body of the pump to the roller through the tappet. However, such an arrangement is not good enough to meet reliability and lifetime targets, in particular because oil flows non homogeneously to the roller.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to resolve the above mentioned problems in providing a tappet for a high pressure pump of a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, said tappet being, in use, arranged between a plunger and a roller following a rotating cam, the tappet having a cylindrical peripheral wall of circular section extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end cooperating with the plunger and a second end provided with diametrically opposed first and second roller openings for arranging the roller and wherein, said tappet is adapted to slide in a bore before an opening of a lubricant conduit, the tappet being further provided with a roller lubrication path for enabling oil exiting said conduit to flow off said conduit opening to the roller, said lubrication path comprising a first jet hole drilled through the tappet peripheral wall from the outer face to the inner face of said wall and arranged in the vicinity of the first roller opening and, a groove dug in said outer face and extending from said jet hole to a place that faces said conduit opening in the bore, said groove being configured to enable permanent oil flow regardless of the plunger position.
Said lubrication path may comprise a longitudinal groove fluidly connected to a peripheral groove, said conduit opening in the longitudinal groove and said jet hole opening in the peripheral groove.
The peripheral groove may extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal groove.
The first jet hole may open at the end of the peripheral groove.
The tappet may further comprise on its outer face a first short longitudinal groove wherein opens the first jet hole.
The tappet may further comprise a second jet hole drilled through the tappet peripheral wall opposite to the first jet hole and in the vicinity of the second roller opening, the peripheral groove extending between the first and the second jet holes.
The tappet may further comprise a second short longitudinal groove wherein opens the second jet hole.
The first jet hole may longitudinally offset to the first roller opening and the second jet hole is longitudinally offset to the second roller opening, the peripheral groove extending along an angular span of about 180°.
The longitudinal groove may extend on the outer face of the tappet wall in a longitudinal axial plan perpendicular to the roller axis.
The longitudinal groove may cross the peripheral groove in the middle, said junction being 90° from each jet hole.
It is another object of the invention to provide a high pressure pump adapted to be arranged in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, said HP pump being of the cam-actuated-plunger type wherein said plunger reciprocally translate, in use, between BDC and TDC, the pump having a body defining a conduit opening in a bore extending along a longitudinal axis and in which is arranged the plunger extending between an end partially defining a compression chamber and at an opposite end cooperating with a tappet holding a roller, said tappet being as previously described.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a partial axial section of a HP pump as per the invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a tappet of the HP pump of figure 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a tappet of the HP pump of figure 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A diesel internal combustion engine is provided with a fuel injection equipment arranged to cyclically spray compressed diesel fuel in its cylinders.
Said equipment comprises a high pressure pump 10, shown on figure 1.
The injection pump is one of the essential parts of the engine. The pump is configured to generate a high pressure so that fuel is transmitted to a combustion chamber of the engine.
The pump 10 has a body 12 provided with a bore 14 extending along a main axis X from a closed top end partially defining a compression chamber, not shown, to a bottom end 16. In the bore 14 is guided a plunger or piston 18 axially X extending from a first end, not shown, to a second end 20 protruding through the bore bottom opening for cooperating with a rotating cam, not shown, thanks to a tappet 22 holding a roller 24.
In use, the cam rotates and imparts to the piston axial X reciprocal displacements defining a pumping cycle between a top dead center position (TDC) where the volume of the compression chamber is minimum and a bottom dead center position (BDC) where said volume is maximum. In use, the fuel enters the compression chamber via an inlet wherein it is compressed to thousands of bars then is expelled via an outlet.
The pump is lubricated by a lubricant fluid, fuel or oil for instance.
For convenience purpose, the lubricant fluid is called oil in the following description.
Oil flows in a lubrication path from an opening of the body to the roller 24, as described below.
The tappet 22 has a cylindrical peripheral wall 26 of circular section extending along a longitudinal axis L from an upper end 28 cooperating with the plunger 18 and a lower end 30 provided with diametrically opposed first and second roller openings 32, 34 for arranging the roller 24.
The cylindrical peripheral wall 26 is delimited by an outer face 36 and an inner face 38. The longitudinal axis L of the tappet coincides with the axial axis X of the pump on figure 1. The longitudinal axis L of the tappet 22 is perpendicular to the roller axis A.
The tappet 22 is adapted to slide in the bore 14 before an opening 40 of a lubricant conduit 42, the tappet 22 being further provided with a roller lubrication path 44 for enabling oil exiting said conduit 42 to flow off said conduit opening 40 to the roller 24.
The lubrication path 44 comprises a first jet hole 46 drilled through the tappet peripheral wall 26 from the outer face 36 to the inner face 38 of said wall and arranged in the vicinity of the first roller opening 32, as well a second jet hole 52 drilled through the tappet peripheral wall 26 opposite to the first jet hole 46 and in the vicinity of the second roller opening 34,
The first and second jet holes 46, 52 are diametrically opposed.
As can be seen from the figures, the first jet hole 46 is longitudinally offset to the first roller opening 32 and the second jet hole 52 is longitudinally offset to the second roller opening 34.
The lubrication path 40 also comprises a groove 48 dug in the outer face 36 of the wall and extending from the jet hole 46 to a place that faces the conduit opening 40 in the bore 14, the groove 48 being configured to enable permanent oil flow regardless of the plunger position. In other words, the length of the groove is chosen such that the conduit opening exits in the groove 48 all along the translating movement of the plunger 18 and the tappet 22. The groove 48 extends longitudinally parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the tappet 22. The groove 48 is also called longitudinal groove.
The lubrication path 44 further comprises a peripheral groove 50 fluidly connected to the longitudinal groove 48, the jet hole 46 opening in the peripheral groove 50. The peripheral groove 50 extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal groove. In other words, the peripheral groove 50 extends radially. The longitudinal groove 48 is centrally positioned through the peripheral groove 50, the peripheral groove 50 crossing the longitudinal groove 48 in its middle. Preferably, the first jet hole 46 opens at the end of the peripheral groove 50.
The peripheral groove 50 extends between the first and the second jet holes 46, 52.
The peripheral groove 50 extends along an angular span comprises between 180° and 350°, for instance between 180° and 270°, preferably about 180°.
The junction between the longitudinal groove 48 and the peripheral groove 50 is 90° from each jet hole 46, 52.
On figure 3, the lubrication path 44 further comprises on its outer face 36 a first side longitudinal groove 54 wherein opens the first jet hole 46. The first side longitudinal groove 54 is shorter than the longitudinal groove 48. The first side longitudinal groove 54 is also called first short groove. The lubrication path 44 also comprises on its outer face 36 a second side longitudinal groove 56 wherein opens the second jet hole 52. Each of the first and second side longitudinal grooves 54, 56 is shorter than the longitudinal groove 48. The first side longitudinal groove 52 is also called first short groove while the second side longitudinal groove 52 is also called second short groove. The short grooves 48, 52 extend parallel to the longitudinal groove 48. The short grooves 48, 52 are preferably identical one to the other.
The invention is indeed not limited to the illustrated examples.
For instance, on the illustrated embodiments, the peripheral groove extends radially following a circle comprising the middle of the longitudinal groove.
However, according to an alternative (not illustrated) embodiment, at least one of the jet holes may be axially shifted relative to the middle of the longitudinal groove, a portion of the peripheral groove from said shifted jet hole to the longitudinal groove being inclined.
For example, the two jet holes may be axially shifted one from another, the peripheral groove being inclined from the first jet hole to the longitudinal groove and to the longitudinal groove to the second jet hole.
According to another not illustrated embodiment, the lubrication path comprises more than two jet holes, depending on the oil flow that is necessary for ensuring an optimized lubrication.
Also, the positions of the jet holes may differ from the ones illustrated. For instance, one or more jet holes may be positioned around the roller openings,
The functioning of the pump is now described.
When the pump 10 is activated, the plunger 18 slides in the bore 14 to compress fuel in the compression chamber.
Meanwhile, since the opening 40 exits in the groove 48 all along the translating movement of the plunger 18 and the tappet 22, oil can flow from the lubrication conduit 42 to the lubrication path 44.
In the lubrication path 44, oil flows from the longitudinal groove 48 to the peripheral groove 50 until it reaches the ends of the peripheral grooves. At each end, oil flows in the short grooves 54, 56 (on figure 3) and the associated jet holes 46, 52. Oil can then homogeneously lubricate the roller whatever the position of the plunger and hence the position of the tappet.
LIST OF REFERENCES
X main axis
TDC BDC L A top dead centre bottom dead centre tappet axial axis roller axis
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 high pressure pump - HP pump body bore bottom end of bore plunger end of the piston tappet roller peripheral wall of tappet first (upper) end of tappet second (lower) end of tappet first roller opening second roller opening
outer face of tappet inner face of tappet lubrication conduit opening lubrication conduit lubrication path first jet hole longitudinal groove peripheral groove second jet hole first side longitudinal groove second side longitudinal groove

Claims (11)

1. Tappet for a high pressure pump (10) of a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, said tappet being, in use, arranged between a plunger (18) and a roller (24) following a rotating cam, the tappet (22) having a cylindrical peripheral wall (26) of circular section extending along a longitudinal axis (L) from a first end (28) cooperating with the plunger (18) and a second end (30) provided with diametrically opposed first and second roller openings (32, 34) for arranging the roller (24) and wherein, said tappet (22) is adapted to slide in a bore (14) before an opening (40) of a lubricant conduit (42), the tappet (22) being further provided with a roller lubrication path (44) for enabling oil exiting said conduit (42) to flow off said conduit opening (40) to the roller (24), said lubrication path (44) comprising a first jet hole (46) drilled through the tappet peripheral wall (26) from an outer face (36) to an inner face (38) of said wall (26) and arranged in the vicinity of the first roller opening (32) and, a groove (48) dug in said outer face (36) and extending from said jet hole (46) to a place that faces said conduit opening in the bore (14), said groove (48) being configured to enable permanent oil flow regardless of the plunger position.
2. Tappet (22) as claimed in the preceding claim wherein said lubrication path (44) comprises a longitudinal groove (48) fluidly connected to a peripheral groove (50), said conduit (42) opening in the longitudinal groove (48) and said jet hole (46) opening in the peripheral groove (50).
3. Tappet (22) as claimed in claim 2 wherein the peripheral groove (50) extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal groove (48).
4. Tappet (22) as claimed in anyone of the claims 2 or 3 wherein the first jet hole (46) opens at the end of the peripheral groove (50).
5. Tappet (22) as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims wherein the tappet (22) further comprises on its outer face (36) a first short longitudinal groove (54) wherein opens the first jet hole (46).
6. Tappet (22) as claimed in anyone of the claims 2 to 5 wherein the tappet further comprises a second jet hole (52) drilled through the tappet peripheral wall opposite to the first jet hole and in the vicinity of the second roller opening (34), the peripheral groove (50) extending between the first and the second jet holes (46, 52).
7. Tappet (22) as claimed in claim 6 wherein the tappet (22) further comprises a second short longitudinal groove (56) wherein opens the second jet hole (52).
8. Tappet (22) as claimed in anyone of the claims 6 or 7 wherein the first jet hole (46) is longitudinally offset to the first roller opening (32) and the second jet hole (52) is longitudinally offset to the second roller opening (34), the peripheral groove (50) extending along an angular span of about 180°.
9. Tappet (22) as claimed in anyone of the claims 2 to 8 wherein the longitudinal groove (48) extends on the outer face (36) of the tappet wall (26) in a longitudinal axial plan perpendicular to the roller axis (A).
10. Tappet (22) as claimed in the combination of claims 8 and 9 wherein the longitudinal groove (48) crosses the peripheral groove (50) in the middle, said junction being 90° from each jet hole (46, 52).
11. High pressure pump (10) adapted to be arranged in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, said HP pump (10) being of the camactuated-plunger type wherein said plunger reciprocally translate, in use, between BDC and TDC, the pump (10) having a body (12) defining a conduit opening in a bore (14) extending along a longitudinal axis (X) and in which is arranged the plunger (18) extending between an end partially defining a compression chamber and at an opposite end (20) cooperating with a tappet (22) holding a roller (24), said tappet (22) being as claimed as in any of the preceding claims.
GB1810448.9A 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Tappet for a fuel pump Expired - Fee Related GB2575247B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1810448.9A GB2575247B (en) 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Tappet for a fuel pump

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1810448.9A GB2575247B (en) 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Tappet for a fuel pump

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201810448D0 GB201810448D0 (en) 2018-08-08
GB2575247A true GB2575247A (en) 2020-01-08
GB2575247B GB2575247B (en) 2020-11-04

Family

ID=63042720

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1810448.9A Expired - Fee Related GB2575247B (en) 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Tappet for a fuel pump

Country Status (1)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2366336A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-06 Delphi Tech Inc Fuel pump
CN103343723A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-09 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 Single body fuel injection pump self-lubricating tappet body roller
GB2548900A (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-04 Delphi Int Operations Luxembourg Sarl Tappet, high pressure pump comprising at least one tappet, engine comprising at least one tappet, engine comprising a high pressure pump having at least one
DE102016219718A1 (en) * 2016-10-11 2018-04-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Roller tappet for a piston pump, piston pump

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2366336A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-06 Delphi Tech Inc Fuel pump
CN103343723A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-09 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 Single body fuel injection pump self-lubricating tappet body roller
GB2548900A (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-04 Delphi Int Operations Luxembourg Sarl Tappet, high pressure pump comprising at least one tappet, engine comprising at least one tappet, engine comprising a high pressure pump having at least one
DE102016219718A1 (en) * 2016-10-11 2018-04-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Roller tappet for a piston pump, piston pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2575247B (en) 2020-11-04
GB201810448D0 (en) 2018-08-08

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20220626