GB2555374A - Impeller - Google Patents

Impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2555374A
GB2555374A GB1615739.8A GB201615739A GB2555374A GB 2555374 A GB2555374 A GB 2555374A GB 201615739 A GB201615739 A GB 201615739A GB 2555374 A GB2555374 A GB 2555374A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
blades
impeller
blade
rotating
rotation
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Application number
GB1615739.8A
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GB201615739D0 (en
GB2555374B (en
Inventor
Paunovic Nenad
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Priority to GB1615739.8A priority Critical patent/GB2555374B/en
Publication of GB201615739D0 publication Critical patent/GB201615739D0/en
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Publication of GB2555374B publication Critical patent/GB2555374B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/10—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines
    • F03B3/103—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines the same wheel acting as turbine wheel and as pump wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/10—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/125—Rotors for radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side, e.g. for Francis-type turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2222—Construction and assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/40—Flow geometry or direction
    • F05B2210/403—Radial inlet and axial outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/70—Shape
    • F05B2250/72—Shape symmetric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

An impeller may be modular and consists of an array of rotating cells Fig 20, 41, 42 with blades or vanes 1, 16 attached to end plates 2 and 17 and a mid- plate 32. The blade may be substantially V shaped and may resemble an aero foil or airfoil. The cross section of the blade may vary along its length with angle between the halves of the blades changing Figs 9 and 22. The device can function as a pump with a central inlet Fig 4, 6. As the impellor rotates liquid enters through a number of apertures present toward the centre of the device, the liquid is then thrown outward between the discs as they rotate. As a turbine the direction of rotation is reversed, water is drawn in around the periphery of the side walls, passes between the blades and as the relative distance between each set of blades narrows, see at least fig 17, the pressure rises. Fluid exits the device from central apertures Fig 16, 31, Fig 7, 26 or Fig 3, 6.

Description

(56) Documents Cited:
US 20140050587 A1
F03B3/12 (2006.01)
US 20050013691 A1 (71) Applicant(s):
Nenad Paunovic
Cacanska bb., D. Vrezina, Nish 18000, Serbia (58) Field of Search:
INT CL F03B Other: WPI, EPODOC (72) Inventor(s):
Nenad Paunovic (74) Agent and/or Address for Service:
Danijela Tosic
Forstadsgatan 8, 33230 Gislaved, Sweden (54) Title of the Invention: Impeller
Abstract Title: Turbine impellor with variable angled blades (57) An impeller may be modular and consists of an array of rotating cells Fig 20, 41,42 with blades or vanes 1,16 attached to end plates 2 and 17 and a mid- plate 32. The blade may be substantially V shaped and may resemble an aero foil or airfoil. The cross section of the blade may vary along its length with angle between the halves of the blades changing Figs 9 and 22. The device can function as a pump with a central inlet Fig 4, 6. As the impellor rotates liquid enters through a number of apertures present toward the centre of the device, the liquid is then thrown outward between the discs as they rotate. As a turbine the direction of rotation is reversed, water is drawn in around the periphery of the side walls, passes between the blades and as the relative distance between each set of blades narrows, see at least fig 17, the pressure rises. Fluid exits the device from central apertures Fig 16, 31, Fig 7, 26 or Fig 3, 6.
25
Fig. 21
Figure GB2555374A_D0001
.31 ,, 26
Fig. 2
Impeller
Figure GB2555374A_D0002
1/3
Impeller
2/3
Fig. 10
Figure GB2555374A_D0003
Impeller
3/3
Fig. 14
Figure GB2555374A_D0004
Fig. 21
Impeller
Background art
Present blades based impeller designs even thou very advanced do have limitations in efficiency due to turbulence loses and blades geometry design.
Statement of invention
To overcome this problem this invention propose new type of impeller with conceptually different blades design and impeller modular design. Normally impellers have flat or air-wing shaped blades however impeller in this invention propose complex blade of two parts fused in one. In the same time these blades are placed inside walls with whom they create one rotating cell. Impeller proposed in this invention consists at least one rotating cell.
Each blade is made from two slanted plates which meet each other in direction opposite of impeller rotation when impeller is used as a pump or inside a pump housing. This also means that two slanted palates meet each other in direction same as direction of impeller rotation when is used like a turbine or inside turbine housing. Fused together these two plates form aerodynamic shape in the form of arrow or inverted Latin letter V. Shape of the blade can also be described as blade which have notch at its middle section which is narrowing and deepening as it progress toward back side of blade where it form bulge looked from the back side of the blade. The depth of the notch increases as it progress from bottom side of the blade (closer to impeller center of rotation) toward top of the blade (further from the impeller center of rotation). It is worth mentioning that longitudinal section of the bulged notch of each blade can be airfoil shaped i.e. shaped in such a way that when fluid pass over it its create pressure difference which push blade in direction of rotation in which rotate when function as a pump. In addition longitudinal section of sides of the blade which are attached to framing disks can also be airfoil shaped i.e. shaped in such a way that when fluid pass over it its create pressure difference which push blade in direction of rotation in which rotate when function as a pump. Longitudinal section of the middle of the each blade is laying at steeper i.e. larger angle than longitudinal sections of blade's sides when looked relative to longitudinal axis of impeller. Longitudinal axis of impeller is perpendicular to impeller axis of rotation. Additional rotating cells which can attached to first rotation cell can be added by connecting side i.e. framing walls from one rotating cell with another and forming one common wall or by removing one side wall from one rotating cell and connecting blades directly with side wall of neighboring rotating cell on which way reduction in mass is achieved. In addition each rotating cell can also function with only one side wall on which blades are attached. This also means that when impeller is made from two or more rotating cells the side wall of last rotating cell can be removed if needed. Blades can be attached for side walls by bonding, by means of screws, rails or some other way. With development of 3D printing technologies entire impeller can be printed as one part regardless how many rotating cells may consist.
When impeller is made from two or more rotating cells, blades in all cells can be the same by size, shape and positions but can also vary dependably of desired performances. Moreover if needed blades can differ by size, shape and position within one rotating cell.
Advantage of blades design as described within this document is increase surface of interaction with fluid which means higher volume ejection (if used as a pump or drive mechanism) or injection (if used as a turbine). It also means lower turbulence behind blades, because of aerodynamically i.e. hydro dynamically i.e. fluido dynamically shaped bulged blades. This kind of impeller design also have increased use of boundary layer effect at blades levels inside narrowing notch, boundary layer effect between back bulge of each blade and side walls of each rotating cells as well boundary layer effect among side walls themselves on rotating cell level but also on entire impeller level. For smoother performances notch and bulges of each blade can have radii. Each side wall have rotation axle mounting opening and fluid entry or exit openings dependably in which purpose impeller is used. If used as pump these opening will be fluid entry openings and if used as a turbine these openings will be fluids exit openings. At its sides, side walls can have bearings mounting features for connecting with holding structure within which impeller will be placed.
Modular structure of impeller also means higher versatility in application and power output.
Introduction to drawings
Figure 1 presents one rotating cell impeller - front view
Figure 2 presents longitudinal middle section Ά-Α' of one rotating cell impeller
Figure 3 presents longitudinal section 'B-B' of one rotating cell of impeller at position where blades meet side wall
Figure 4 presents one rotating cell impeller - side view with hidden edges
Figure 5 presents one rotating cell impeller cross-section 'C-C'
Figure 6 presents enlarged detail 'D' of figure 5
Figure 7 presents one rotating cell impeller - axonometric view
Figure 8 presents one rotating cell impeller - axonometric view with hidden edges
Figure 9 presents one rotating cell impeller with one side wall removed - axonometric view
Figure 10 presents one rotating cell impeller with pressure grade independent blades - front view
Figure 11 presents one rotating cell impeller with pressure grade independent blades - side view with hidden edges
Figure 12 presents longitudinal middle section 'V-V' of one rotating cell impeller with pressure grade independent blades - front view
Figure 13 presents longitudinal section 'G-G' of one rotating cell of impeller with pressure grade independent blades at position where blades meet side wall
Figure 14 presents two rotating cell impeller - front view
Figure 15 presents two rotating cell impeller - side view with hidden edges
Figure 16 presents longitudinal middle section 'Z-Z' of two rotating cell impeller
Figure 17 presents longitudinal section '1-1' of two rotating cell of impeller at position where blades meet side wall
Figure 18 presents two rotating cell impeller cross-section 'D-D'
Figure 19 presents enlarged detail Έ of figure 18
Figure 20 presents two rotating cell impeller - axonometric view
Figure 21 presents two rotating cell impeller - axonometric view
Figure 22 presents two rotating cell impeller - axonometric view with hidden edges
Detail description of invention
This invention propose modular impeller which consists rotation cell with complex blades where each blade 1, 16 is made of two parts 11, 12 fused in one. In the same time these blades 1 are framed with side, framing, 2 and 3 walls with whom they create one rotating cell. Impeller proposed in this invention consists at least one rotating cell. Two rotating cell impeller will also include blades 16, made of two parts 21, 22 framed with walls 32, 17, if middle common wall 32 is made of jointed, connected or fused walls of two rotating cells, or 3, 17 if two rotating cells share one framing wall in this case wall 3.
Each blade is made from two slanted plates 11, 12, 21, 22 which meet each other in direction 15 opposite of impeller rotation in direction 7 when impeller is used as a pump or inside a pump housing as a functional part of the pump. This also means that two slanted plates i.e. prongs meet each other in direction 15 same as direction of impeller rotation when is used like a turbine or inside turbine housing a functional part of the turbine. Fused together these two prongs 11, 12, 21, 22 form shape with crosssections shape 10, 20 in the form of arrow or inverted Latin letter V. Shape of the each individual blade 1, 16 can also be described as blade which have notch 33, 36 at its middle section which is narrowing as it progress toward back side of blade where it forms bulge 34, 37 looked from the back side of the blade 1, 16. The depth of the notch 33, 36 increases and deepening as it progress from bottom side of the blade 1, 16 (closer to impeller center of rotation) toward top of the blade 1, 16 (further from the impeller center of rotation). When impeller function as turbine notches 35, 38 which bulges 34, 37 creates with side walls 2, 3, 32, 17 increases the rotating cells interaction surface with fluid and boundary layer effect which increase overall turbine performances. For the boundary layer is considered layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where the effects of viscosity are significant. It is worth mentioning that longitudinal sections 8, 28 of the bulged notch 33, 36 of each blade i.e. blades 1, 16 can be airfoil shaped i.e. shaped in such a way that when fluid pass over it create pressure difference which push blade in direction 7 of rotation in which impeller rotate when function as a pump. In addition longitudinal sections 9, 29 of sides of the blades 1, 16 which are attached to side walls 3, 32, 17 can also be airfoil shaped i.e. shaped in such a way, with asymmetrical surface curvatures at front and back side of the blades 1, 16 that when fluid pass over it its create pressure difference which push blade in direction 7 of rotation in which impeller rotate when function as a pump. Longitudinal section 8, 28 of the middle of the each blade 1, 16 is laying at steeper i.e. larger angle than longitudinal sections 9, 29 of blade's sides when looked relative to longitudinal axis of impeller. Longitudinal axis of impeller is perpendicular to impeller axis of rotation. Longitudinal sections 18, middle part of blades and 19, sides of blades, of pressure grade independent blades can be seen on figures 11, 12, 13. Pressure grade independent blades do not create pressure lift, or push, when fluid pass around them or, at least, do not create significant pressure difference. In both cases of blades, design pressure grade independent and pressure grade non independent, blades cross section spreading or leading path will be curved i.e. will be radii. Spreading path of blades cross sections can also be flat but lesser efficiency is achieved in this way.
Additional rotating cells 42 can be added to first rotation cell 41 by connecting side i.e. framing walls from one rotating cell with another and forming one common wall 32 or by removing one side wall from one rotating cell 42 and connecting blades 16 directly with side wall 3 of neighboring rotating cell 41 on which way reduction in mass is achieved. In addition each rotating cell 41, 42 can also function with only one side wall 2, 32 on which blades are attached. This also means that when impeller is made from two or more rotating cells the side wall of last rotating cell can be removed if needed. Blades 1, 16 can be attached for side walls 2, 3, 32, 17 by bonding, by means of screws, rails or some other way. With development of 3D printing technologies entire impeller can be printed as one part regardless how many rotating cells may consist.
When impeller is made from two or more rotating cells 41, 42, blades 1, 16 in all cells can be the same by size, shape and positions but can also vary in size, shape and positions dependably of desired performances. Moreover if needed blades can differ by size, shape and position within one rotating cell.
Advantage of blades 1, 16 design as described within this document is increased surface of interaction with fluid which means higher volume ejection (if used as a pump or drive mechanism) or injection (if used as a turbine). It also means lower turbulence behind blades 1, 16, because of aerodynamically i.e. hydro dynamically i.e. fluido dynamically shaped bulged blades. This kind of impeller design also have increased use of boundary layer effect at blades areas inside narrowing notches 33, 36 boundary layer effect notches 35, 38 among back bulges 34, 37 of each blade 1, 16 and side walls 2, 3, 32, 17 of each rotating cell 41, 42 as well boundary layer effect among side walls 2, 3, 32, 17 themselves on rotating cell level but also on entire impeller level. For smoother performances notches 33, 36 and bulges 34, 37of each blade can have radii 13, 14, 23, 24. Radii can also be placed at notches 35, 38 jointing edges with side walls 2, 3, 32, 17. Each side wall 2, 3, 32, 17 have rotation axle mounting opening 5, 25, 30 and fluid entry or exit openings 6, 26, 31 dependably in which purpose impeller is used. If used as pump openings 6, 26, 31 will be fluid entry openings and openings 39, 40 will be fluids exit openings. If used as turbine openings 39, 40 will be fluid entry openings and openings 6, 26, 31 will be fluids exit openings.
At its sides, side walls 2, 17 can have bearings mounting features 4, 27 for connecting with holding structure within which impeller will be placed.
Modular structure of impeller also means higher versatility in application and power output.

Claims (2)

Claims
1. An Impeller with at least one rotating cell with blades and openings at side walls with notches at blades middle front part and notches at back side part of the blades where notches progressing in size and depth as moving from closer to center of rotation part of the blade toward to center of rotation more distant part of the blade.
2. An impeller according to claim 1, with or without asymmetrical surface curvatures at front and back sides of blades.
Intellectual
Property
Office
Application No: GB1615739.8 Examiner: Gareth Jones
GB1615739.8A 2016-09-15 2016-09-15 Impeller Expired - Fee Related GB2555374B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1615739.8A GB2555374B (en) 2016-09-15 2016-09-15 Impeller

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1615739.8A GB2555374B (en) 2016-09-15 2016-09-15 Impeller

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GB201615739D0 GB201615739D0 (en) 2016-11-02
GB2555374A true GB2555374A (en) 2018-05-02
GB2555374B GB2555374B (en) 2022-04-13

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202000005911A1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2021-09-19 Artemio Energia Srl MULTIPLE TURBINE WITH HIGH AERODYNAMIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY PROFILE

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050013691A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20140050587A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-02-20 Alstom Renewable Technologies Power-conversion installation including a hydraulic machine provided with a runner

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050013691A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20140050587A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-02-20 Alstom Renewable Technologies Power-conversion installation including a hydraulic machine provided with a runner

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202000005911A1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2021-09-19 Artemio Energia Srl MULTIPLE TURBINE WITH HIGH AERODYNAMIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY PROFILE
WO2021186405A1 (en) * 2020-03-19 2021-09-23 Artemio Energia Srl Multi-blade turbine with high aerodynamic and hydrodynamic profile

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Publication number Publication date
GB201615739D0 (en) 2016-11-02
GB2555374B (en) 2022-04-13

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Effective date: 20220915