GB2544067A - A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof - Google Patents
A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2544067A GB2544067A GB1519487.1A GB201519487A GB2544067A GB 2544067 A GB2544067 A GB 2544067A GB 201519487 A GB201519487 A GB 201519487A GB 2544067 A GB2544067 A GB 2544067A
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- base member
- angle
- measuring
- user
- support portion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1071—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof measuring angles, e.g. using goniometers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1074—Foot measuring devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
- A63B23/08—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs for ankle joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
- A63B23/08—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs for ankle joints
- A63B23/085—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs for ankle joints by rotational movement of the joint in a plane substantially parallel to the body-symmetrical-plane
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
A device 2 is suitable for measuring the dorsiflexion angle of an ankle. Base member 4 supports the users foot with heel support portion 10 and indented portions 14 and 16 preferably provided for user comfort. Leg member 6 is connected to base member 4 about an axis of rotation, the leg member preferably comprising shin support portion 18 and side arm portions 20. A means is provided for measuring the angle between base member 4 and leg member 6. A means 12 for communicating the measured angle to the user is also provided. There may be a sensor (22, Fig. 4) located in the heel portion of base member 4 for detecting a users heel and for detecting when it leaves base member 4, prompting the communication means to display the measured angle. There is preferably a talus fixing strap 8 to ensure a more accurate measurement of dorsiflexion angle.
Description
A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof
The present invention relates to a device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof.
There are a number of methods and tools available to measure a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint. The measurement of the range of movement of an ankle's dorsiflexion in both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing positions is useful as part of an exercise or treatment regime, particularly in the case of old or new injury to the ankle. For example, a person's dorsiflexion angle can be compared against a recommended best functional range of dorsiflexion angles of other subjects; or it can be used to compare the dorsiflexion angle of a left ankle joint against that of a right ankle joint of the same subject; or the dorsiflexion angle of the ankle joint of a subject can be measured before and after conservative treatment or surgery. A goniometer is an inexpensive and commonly-used tool. It has two arms, one being aligned with the floor adjacent to a person's foot when standing and the other being aligned with the shaft of the person's fibular. There can be problems with aligning the axis of a goniometer with the ankle joint fulcrum and positioning the two arms with established reference points. Hence this tool is primarily used by trained professionals, but accurate repeatability is questionable.
Alternatively an inclinometer may be used by being placed along a person's tibia: it provides an angle of slope relative to the ground using a dial, bubble or digital display, but again the accuracy of repeat readings is questionable.
Another method is the lunge test (or knee-to-wall test) which is a weight-bearing assessment of the ankle joint range. This method is carried out by positioning a person's leg and foot in a specific configuration and measuring the distance the front of the foot is able to move away from the wall whilst maintaining a lunge when both the knee is in contact with the wall and the heel is in contact with the ground.
The present invention seeks to provide an improved device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint.
According to the present invention there is provided a device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint, the device comprising: a base member adapted to support at least part of a user's foot, a leg member connected to the base member about an axis of rotation for rotation of the leg member relative to the base member, means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member at different relative positions, and means for communicating the measured angle to a user.
The measured angle corresponds to the dorsiflexion angle of a user's ankle joint.
At least part of a user's foot is supported by the base member so that the foot is correctly positioned for accurate measurement of the dorsiflexion angle of the ankle joint. Preferably, the base member is adapted to support the sole of a user's foot. The base member may be sized to be larger than a user's foot in both the longitudinal and width directions.
In a preferred embodiment, the base member comprises a heel support portion to support the heel region of a user's foot, preferably to support the sole of a user's foot in the heel region. The heel support portion is preferably located on the base member. The heel support portion is adjacent a rear end of the base member in a preferred embodiment. The base member may additionally, or instead, comprise support portions for the mid-foot and/or forefoot regions of a user's foot.
Preferably the heel support portion comprises a sensor for detecting a user's heel; this may be a pressure sensor. The heel support portion may also assist with the correct positioning of a user's foot in the device.
In a preferred embodiment, the sensor is operatively connected to, either directly or indirectly, or is otherwise in communication with, the means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member. To measure the dorsiflexion angle, a user leans forward against the leg member and the angle between the base member and the leg member is measured. The dorsiflexion angle measurement is taken at the point that the user leans sufficiently far forward for his or her heel to lift away from the sensor. Thus the sensor is adapted to detect the point at which the dorsiflexion angle is to be measured and preferably activates measurement of the dorsiflexion angle at this point. Also at this point, the sensor preferably provides a signal, such as a sound, indicating to the user that their heel has lifted from the sensor and the dorsiflexion angle has been measured.
To assist with comfort and fit, the base member may have one or more indented regions, at least one indented region preferably defining the heel support portion.
In a preferred embodiment, the base member extends in a longitudinal direction between a front end and a rear end and the axis of rotation extends in a transverse direction and is located at or towards the rear end of the base member.
The device of the present invention may further comprise a talus fixing strap, preferably connected at or towards the rear end of the base member. The talus fixing strap may comprise an ankle strap and may be connected to the base member at a position which is rearward of the axis of rotation.
The talus fixing strap is used to fix the talus of a user. The talus fixing strap is removable; it is not present when the dorsiflexion angle is being measured; otherwise it may hinder the forward leaning of a user.
At least part of the foot-contacting side of the base member is preferably fitted with a non-slip surface.
The leg member is rotatably connected to one or both sides of the base member in a preferred embodiment. The leg member may comprise a frame having a shin support portion mounted on one or two side arm portions, the side arm portion(s) being connected to the base member at the axis of rotation. One or both side arm portions rise approximately vertically upwards from the base member when it is positioned horizontally (eg on the ground).
The shin support portion has a substantially curved shape adapted to wrap around the front of a user's shin. The side arm portion is adapted to extend along the side of a user's lower leg, between an end of the shin support portion and the point of connection on the base member.
The means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member is preferably mounted in the base member. It may be a gauge operatively connected between the base member and the leg member.
In a preferred embodiment, the means for communicating the measured angle is provided on the base member and is preferably integral therewith. In one embodiment, the communicating means is located at or towards the front end of the base member at a position which is designed to be forward of a user's foot. Alternatively, the communicating means may be provided on the leg member, for example on the shin support portion. The communicating means may provide a visual or audio read-out of the angle measurement; it preferably provides a visual display, for example a digital read-out.
The present invention seeks to provide a device which provides accurate and repeatable measurements of dorsiflexion angles. The device optionally comprises a mechanism which improves the range of movement of an ankle joint, this mechanism comprising a talus-fixing strap.
Use of the device of the present invention to measure a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint is also disclosed.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint, showing a user's foot supported by the device including the bones of the foot and ankle;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device shown in Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a side view of the device showing a user's foot supported by the device including the bones of the foot and ankle, wherein the ankle joint is flexed; and
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3; and
Figure 5 is a front perspective view of a second embodiment of a device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint, this embodiment of the device comprising a talus fixing strap.
Referring to Figure 1, in a first embodiment, a device 2 for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint comprises a base member 4 and a leg member 6.
The base member is adapted to support a user's foot and as such is substantially foot-shaped, extending in a longitudinal direction from a heel support portion 10, which is located adjacent a rear end of the base member, to a communicating means 12, which is located adjacent a front end of the base member.
Between the heel support portion and the communicating means, there is preferably provided one or more support portions for the forefoot region and/or mid-foot region of a user's foot. In the embodiment shown, indented portion 14 supports the midfoot region of a foot and indented portion 16 supports the forefoot region of a foot.
The heel support portion, the mid-foot support portion and the forefoot support portion may comprise communicating or non-communicating indented regions, all of which are integral with the base member and are provided on the foot-contacting side of the base member.
In this embodiment, the communicating means is provided on the foot-contacting side of the base member and is located between the front end of the forefoot support region and the front end of the base member, such that the dorsiflexion angle is readily visible to a user.
The ground-contacting side of the base member is provided with a non-slip surface in this embodiment and may be covered with a resilient material such as foam or rubber or a rubber-like material. This resilient material may have antibacterial properties. The foot-contacting side of the base member may also be provided, at least in part, with the same or different non-slip surface.
The heel support portion assists in correctly positioning a user's foot such that the dorsiflexion angle can be reliably measured. A sensor is preferably provided in the heel support portion and therefore mounted in the base member. In this embodiment, the sensor is operatively connected to, either directly or indirectly, or is otherwise in communication with, the means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member: the sensor is adapted to detect a user's heel lifting from the base member during use of the device such that the dorsiflexion angle is measured at this point. Preferably the sensor emits an audible sound at the point when the heel is lifted to signal that the measurement of the dorsiflexion angle has been taken.
The leg member is shaped and sized to receive and support a user's shin. In the present embodiment, the leg member supports the front of a user's shin. The leg member is rotatably connected to the base member about a rotation axis which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base member. This rotational axis passes through the base member as shown in the figures.
The leg member may be provided with one or two side arm members to support the shin support portion; preferably the leg member has two side arm portions. However, if only one side arm portion is provided, this is connected on only one side of the base member at the axis of rotation.
In the present embodiment, the leg member is in the form of a frame having a shin support portion 18 and side arm portions 20. The frame is U-shaped in the present example. Side arm portions 20 connect the shin support portion 18 to the base member 4 on either side of the base member at the axis of rotation.
Referring to Figure 1, base member 4 is horizontally-positioned and side arms 20 extend approximately perpendicularly thereto in a vertical direction. The side arm portions in the figures are triangular in shape but they may be a different shape, which may be more or less linear than the shape shown, or they may be substantially linear.
Referring to Figure 1, the axis of rotation is located forward of the heel support portion in the base member.
The shin support portion of the leg member is preferably cushioned for comfort and may be provided with a strap to pass around the back of a user's calf for positioning and retention purposes.
The angle measuring means is preferably a gauge operatively connected between the base member and the leg member for measuring the dorsiflexion angle. It is preferably mounted within the base member and may be operatively connected to the axis of rotation.
The communicating means is preferably a visual display and may comprise a screen and operating means, such a buttons. Alternatively it may be a touch screen device.
Figure 2 shows a skeletal view of a user's foot supported on the base member with the shin support portion of the leg member resting against the user's tibia. The calcaneus bone of the heel portion is shown located in the heel support portion above the sensor.
Figure 2 shows the supported, rest positon of a user's ankle, foot and lower leg. It can be seen that, in this rest position, the angle defined between (1) a line drawn from the front end of the base member to the axis of rotation (parallel to the ground) and (2) a line drawn from the region of the shin support portion which is adapted to contact a user's shin to the axis of rotation is approximately 85 degrees.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the user's ankle in a flexed forward position so that the dorsiflexion angle can be measured from the rest position. The device has the ability to be calibrated to 90 degrees. From the rest position, any forward ankle flexion is measured.
To achieve this flexed forward position, the user leans forward against the shin support portion of the leg member as far as possible so that the dorsiflexion angle of the ankle can be measured.
It can be seen that the angle defined between (1) a line drawn from the front end of the base member to the axis of rotation (parallel to the ground) and (2) a line drawn from the region of the shin support portion which is adapted to contact a user's shin to the axis of rotation, has reduced in this flexed forward position; this angle may be in the region of 35 to 45 degrees. The measured angle is displayed on the communicating means, preferably at the point that a user's heel lifts from the sensor in the heel support portion.
The device of the present invention preferably includes means for calibrating the measurement angle and also may include a processor and memory for storing and displaying comparative data relating to the dorsiflexion angle of the current user and/or other users.
The base member and the leg member of the device are preferably made from moulded plastic, for example a high gloss plastic. The shin-contacting (inner) side of the leg member may be lined with a resilient material for the comfort of a user, for example a foamed plastic layer may be used.
Referring to Figure 5, in a second embodiment, the device of the first embodiment is further provided with a talus fixing strap 8 which is removably connected to the base member towards its rear end, and preferably rearward of the heel support portion.
The talus fixing strap is in the form of an ankle strap which is removably attached to the base member (using press studs, for example) and loops around the front of a user's ankle joint. When the talus fixing strap is in use, the leg member 6 of the device may be rotated out of the way, in a forward or rearward direction.
In the embodiment shown, the axis of rotation where the leg member is attached to the base member is positioned in front of the positon where the talus fixing strap is connectable to the base member, ie it is placed towards the front end of the base member in comparison to the location of the talus fixing strap.
The talus fixing strap is preferably made of a rigid material having cushioning properties for the comfort of a user.
To use the talus fixing strap, a user's foot is placed on the base member with the talus fixing strap positioned on the front side of the ankle joint. The user lunges forwards, thrusting a posterior glide on the talonavicular joint in an attempt to free up more functional dorsiflexion at the ankle joint.
Claims (17)
1. A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint, the device comprising: a base member adapted to support at least part of a user's foot, a leg member connected to the base member about an axis of rotation for rotation of the leg member relative to the base member, means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member at different relative positions, and means for communicating the measured angle to a user.
2. A device as set out in claim 1, wherein the base member comprises a heel support portion.
3. A device as set out in claim 2, wherein the heel support portion comprises a sensor for detecting a user's heel, and wherein the sensor is preferably operatively connected to, either directly or indirectly, or is otherwise in communication with, the means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member.
4. A device as set out in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the base member has one or more indented regions, at least one indented region preferably defining the heel support portion.
5. A device is claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member is mounted in the base member.
6. A device is claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the means for communicating the measured angle is provided on the base member and is preferably integral therewith.
7. A device as set out in any preceding claim, wherein the base member extends in a longitudinal direction between a front end and a rear end and the axis of rotation extends in a transverse direction and is located at or towards the rear end of the base member.
8. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the leg member is rotatably connected to one or both sides of the base member.
9. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the leg member comprises a frame having a shin support portion mounted on one or two side arm portions, the side arm portion(s) being connected to the base member at the axis of rotation.
10. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the means for measuring the angle between the leg member and the base member is a gauge operatively connected between the base member and the leg member.
11. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the means for communicating the measured angle provides a visual display of the angle measurement.
12. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the means for communicating the measured angle is located at or towards the front end of the base member at a position which is designed to be forward of a user's foot.
13. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising a removable talus fixing strap, preferably removably connected at or towards the rear end of the base member.
14. A device as claimed in claim 13, wherein the talus fixing strap is removably connected to the base member at a position which is rearward of the axis of rotation.
15. Use of the device set out in any preceding claim to measure a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint.
16. A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings.
17. Use of a device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1519487.1A GB2544067B (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1519487.1A GB2544067B (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201519487D0 GB201519487D0 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| GB2544067A true GB2544067A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| GB2544067B GB2544067B (en) | 2020-04-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1519487.1A Active GB2544067B (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | A device for measuring a dorsiflexion angle of an ankle joint and use thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2544067B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107661606A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-06 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | A kind of rehabilitation T-shaped shoes |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4062355A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-12-13 | Joshua Morley Kaye | Device for use in evaluating the lower leg and foot |
| GB2363203A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-12 | Ian Aitkenhead | Apparatus for measuring ankle dorsiflexion |
| US20050080370A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Barnes-Jewish Hospital | Method and apparatus for determining a dorsiflexion angle |
| US20120283613A1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-11-08 | Iq Med Llc | Hinged Equinus Brace With Pediatric, Diabetic and Clubfoot Versions |
-
2015
- 2015-11-04 GB GB1519487.1A patent/GB2544067B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4062355A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-12-13 | Joshua Morley Kaye | Device for use in evaluating the lower leg and foot |
| GB2363203A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-12 | Ian Aitkenhead | Apparatus for measuring ankle dorsiflexion |
| US20050080370A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Barnes-Jewish Hospital | Method and apparatus for determining a dorsiflexion angle |
| US20120283613A1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-11-08 | Iq Med Llc | Hinged Equinus Brace With Pediatric, Diabetic and Clubfoot Versions |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107661606A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-06 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | A kind of rehabilitation T-shaped shoes |
| CN107661606B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-04-16 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | A kind of rehabilitation T-shaped shoes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201519487D0 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| GB2544067B (en) | 2020-04-08 |
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