GB2543763A - Filtration apparatus with sustainability benefits - Google Patents
Filtration apparatus with sustainability benefits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2543763A GB2543763A GB1518895.6A GB201518895A GB2543763A GB 2543763 A GB2543763 A GB 2543763A GB 201518895 A GB201518895 A GB 201518895A GB 2543763 A GB2543763 A GB 2543763A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- filtration apparatus
- dimensional fabric
- layers
- dimensional
- filtration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004661 hydrophilic softener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005391 art glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propham Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011850 water-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
- B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
- B05B14/43—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
- B01D2239/0421—Rendering the filter material hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A filtration apparatus comprises at least one layer of a three-dimensional fabric. Preferably the filtration apparatus has first and second three-dimensional fabrics of warp knitted polyester separated by a third layer of material such as a non-woven, synthetic that may enhance or improve the efficiency of the apparatus. The first layer may include additives such as a hydrophilic softener and wicking agent. The three-dimensional fabric may be sealed and cut by using a laser and may be cleaned of debris by washing or vacuuming. The filtration apparatus is suitable for use as a filter element in a paint exhaust system and may provide a low pressure drop, a high contamination holding capacity and effective filtration efficiency. Figure 2
Description
Filtration Apparatus with sustainability benefits Field of the invention
The present invention relates to a filtration apparatus comprising one or more three-dimensional fabrics, and to the novel utilisation of the characteristics of three-dimensional fabrics for filtration purposes, particularly for use in exhaust filtration and pre-filter applications, particularly in paint arrestance systems.
Background to the invention
The manufacturing process of an industrial paint shop involves paint being applied either by hand or by robot to a substrate, which could be metal or plastic. By its nature, the application of paint by spraying involves an amount of overspray, which enters the air stream. This overspray is a cause of concern, as it is a potential environmental contaminate.
The paint industry has traditionally managed this overspray with either dry filtration media, known as an “arrestor” or a water wash system, both of which would ‘arrest’, i.e. collect or remove the excess paint particulate. However, environmental standards have become more stringent since the introduction of the 1996 IPPC directive in the UK (Defra, 2012). This legislation set out new standards which also included maximum levels for VOC emissions (volatile organic compounds - potentially emanating from the paint). In order to meet these new standards, the automotive coatings industry put pressure on its process suppliers. Progress has been made in paint technology to provide low solvent solutions, but the arrestance filter has not to date been significantly developed. There is therefore scope for further development in abatement systems in place to control and filter the paint overspray.
The optimisation of paint exhaust filtration has not yet reached its finite point, as, despite the existence of patent publications such as WO 2014/145502 to Columbus Industries, paint exhaust filtration still cannot synergise the requirements of a paint production facility, i.e. for a filtration apparatus to be able to exhibit each of a low initial pressure drop, a high contamination holding capacity, and an effective filtration efficiency. A partial solution to these divergent requirements is to increase the fineness of the filtration, which increases holding capacity and efficiency. However, this also limits the airflow through the filter, and hence will have a detrimental effect on the initial pressure drop and the functionality of the paint production facility as a whole. Increasing the air flow through the filter has been achieved through inertia filtration mechanisms based on allowing the airflow through but forcing it to change direction. However, the large airflow paths and the over reliance solely on inertia filtration mechanism hinders the filters’ ability to retain an adequate filtration efficiency, and in some instances also hinders their contamination holding capacity.
Moreover, the focus on environmental legislation has been increasing in the paint finishing industry and airflow emissions are directly related to the efficiency of a filter; whilst system energy consumption is directly related to the pressure drop of a filter, these characteristics are now critical to a company’s integrated management system.
In recent years, filters have been produced with the aim of specifically increasing the paint exhaust filtration efficiency of the Glass Fibre Paint Stop exhaust filter which is predominantly utilised globally for this application, as described in WO 2014/145502.
Although, these filters address some of the above-mentioned drawbacks in laboratory testing, the current designs still suffer from problems in production. These problems are surmised to be due to the level and type of contamination being intrinsically variable and different to that utilised during standardised test methods. Potentially, another drawback may be the inherent variability of the product which results in an uneven airflow distribution. A disadvantage of the above-mentioned designs is that they are based on the traditional principle to increase efficiency; that is, to increase the tortuous route, but this has the direct drawback of increasing airflow retardation and as such also increasing the initial pressure drop. This is not the best solution from the whole life environmental view point, in that it may improve emissions with a positive environmental benefit, but at the same time, the lifetime of the filter is reduced, which has the consequence of increasing the waste. Also, the higher pressure drop would have a negative effect on energy consumption.
Furthermore, the low stability performance of current products also reduces the potential of reusing and/or recycling the filters.
The major disadvantage with a traditional paint exhaust filter is that the same layers, which have formed a tortuous route to improve efficiency, will also facilitate contamination bridging of the airflow channels and a cake of paint contamination will form. The paint contamination in such paint-related applications is designed to dry over time, which will block the airflow channels, which will have not retained their compression and resilience properties.
It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide a filter which is able to overcome one or more of the drawbacks detailed above, and which can synergise the requirements of a filter such as that used in a paint production facility, and exhibiting each of a low initial pressure drop, a high contamination holding capacity, and an effective filtration efficiency. A further aim of the present invention is to provide a filtration apparatus which can be effectively reused or recycled. None of the existing filtration apparatuses effectively contribute to the reusing or recycling option for the industry.
Therefore, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a filtration apparatus comprising one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric.
Typically, the filtration apparatus comprises two or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric, or it may comprise exactly two layers of a three-dimensional fabric, e. first and second three-dimensional fabric layers.
According to one embodiment, the three-dimensional fabrics are knitted fabrics.
As used herein, the terms ‘three-dimensional fabric’ and ‘three-dimensional spacer fabric’ are interchangeable.
The three-dimensional fabrics may comprise any suitable material, such as thermoplastic manufactured fibres such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE).
At least the first three-dimensional fabric may comprise, but is not limited to, a three-dimensional warp knitted spacer fabric. This may be made from polyester fibre, as this can be easily reused following cleaning due to the homogeneity of the material used. Alternatively, they can be made from a polyamide polymer (e.g. nylon), polypropylene, or even from natural fibres.
Where there is more than one layer of three-dimensional fabric, the fabrics used for the different layers may be the same or different. However, ideally they comprise the same material, or both contain only the same single type of polymer. Having only a single type of polymer comprising the three-dimensional fabric layers allows for the product to be easily recycled. This avoids the material being sent to landfill, which has obvious environmental advantages. If only a single type of polymer is used, it is typically polyester.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the filtration apparatus further comprises a third ‘enhancer’ layer of material which is typically situated between the first and second three-dimensional fabrics. The precise nature of the third layer of material is dependent upon what substance the filtration apparatus is being used to filter, and can therefore be varied as desired.
While the filtration apparatus of the invention is primarily intended for use in the paint and automotive industries, it will be apparent that it may also be used in other industries where materials are sprayed or where particles of a material are introduced into the air stream and are preferably removed therefrom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, there are two layers of three-dimensional spacer fabric in the filtration apparatus, with a first three-dimensional spacer fabric layer being the air-inlet, a second three-dimensional spacer fabric layer that is the air extract, and a third enhancer layer that acts as an efficiency layer in between the first and second three-dimensional spacer fabric layers. This third layer is typically not a three-dimensional fabric, but may be a three-dimensional fabric if desired, typically of a thickness that is less than that of the first and second three-dimensional fabric layers.
By ‘efficiency layer’, it is meant that this layer acts as an extra layer to enhance the arrestance of paint which will improve the efficiency of the filtration apparatus. Efficiency in filtration is of course the proportion of contaminate dirty side to contaminates that travel through to the clean air side of the filter.
According to one embodiment, the filtration apparatus is used in the filtration of an automotive finish, such as a primer, basecoat or clearcoat. In such a use, the third layer of material would typically comprise, but not be limited to, an absorbent, viscose fabric when filtering primer and basecoat, or a synthetic nonwoven material that could also include an electrostatic layer when filtering clearcoat.
Typically, the area density of the three-dimensional fabric is between about 300 gm'2 and about 1500 gm"2, more typically between about 500 gm'2 and about 1250 gm'2, still more typically between about 750gm'2 and about 1000 gm'2.
Typically, the three-dimensional fabric has a thickness of between about 10 to about 60 mm, more typically between about 15 to about 50 mm, more typically between about 15 to about 40 mm, more typically between about 15 to about 30 mm, still more typically between about 20 to about 25 mm, and most preferably about 20 mm.
The third ‘enhancer’ layer of material typically has a thickness of between about 0.5 mm to about 7.5 mm, more typically between about 1 mm and about 5 mm.
Typically, the three-dimensional fabrics have a washing stability of a maximum of about 4% in all directions at 60°C.
In devising the filtration apparatus of the invention, a re-engineering of the filtration apparatus has been carried out based upon the desired characteristics of the filtration apparatus, rather than an iterative development of current commercially available products such as the Glass Fibre Paint Stop exhaust filter, in-order to address the aforementioned synergy requirement.
The filtration apparatus of the invention is able to retain its airflow path during contamination by facilitating contamination collection in the vertical rather than horizontal plane, and moreover increases the active lifetime of the filter, in comparison to Glass Fibre Paint Stop paint exhaust filtration.
The management of the dynamic pressure drop curve, while the filtration apparatus is contaminated, is essential for the effective active functionality of filtration. The aim of improving the airflow dynamics of a filter is essentially to allow for a longer life and hence a direct reduction in waste, in order to provide a lower energy consumption for the facility and potentially to reduce the labour costs for changing filters.
The filtration apparatus of the invention can be adhered or sealed by conventional methods, but also has the tensile strength to be sealed by a hook and loop type mechanism (such as Velcro®) which will facilitate higher sealing than is currently utilised. This will enhance the end-use efficiency by avoiding bypass.
The filtration apparatus will also have the ability to be used more than once, as it can be cleaned of any debris through vacuuming or a laundering process. This is important, as the reuse of the filtration apparatus rather than it being unusable and consigned to a landfill is a key industry objective.
Additionally, a filtration apparatus which can be used in a paint exhaust filter which demonstrates a good washing stability, and an ability to be used more than once with washing, is not currently commercially available. The present invention therefore vastly reduces the industrial waste produced, thus offering environmental benefits,
Further additive components may also be added to the filtration apparatus of the invention, as desired: A hydrophilic softener may be incorporated in at least one of the three-dimensional fabrics. The hydrophilic softener allows the improved absorbance of any water-based material, such as a water-based paint contaminant.
Typically, at least one of the fabrics may incorporate a wicking agent. A wicking agent increases the wicking ability of the material in which it is imbued. Moisture wicking materials used draw contamination away from the surface of the paint exhaust media; this helps to prevent the premature high pressure drop effects of surface loading. Contamination which remains on the surface of the filter can facilitate bridging of the airflow channels hindering the performance of the manufacturing facility.
Typically, each of the additives, such as hydrophilic softener and wicking agent is contained within the first three-dimensional fabric layer. The three-dimensional warp knitted spacer fabrics used in the invention are much better at retaining their three-dimensional structure under load. The three-dimensional construction retains the airflow channels which overcomes many of the disadvantages associated with the prior art.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for forming the filtration apparatus of the invention from its component parts. The method comprises cutting and sealing the one or more layers of three-dimensional fabrics. This act of sealing prevents fibre shedding in a facility at the same time as cutting.
Favourably, the one or more layers of three-dimensional fabrics can be sealed at the same time as cutting by using a laser cutting technique. This is beneficial, since fibre shedding is a major source of potential contamination, and in the Glass Fibre Paint Stop exhaust filter system, the glass fibre shedding is considered a normal but negative event.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a paint exhaust filter element comprising a filtration apparatus comprising one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric as described herein.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of a filtration apparatus comprising one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric as described herein in the filtration of a substance employed in covering a substrate in a particulate material, such as the painting of a substrate.
The filtration apparatus of the invention may be inserted into, or attached to, a commercial dry exhaust system or a commercial recirculation exhaust system. Also provided in accordance with the present invention is a method of either inserting the filtration apparatus comprising one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric as described herein into, or attaching the filtration apparatus to, a commercial dry exhaust system or a commercial recirculation exhaust system.
The present invention displays far greater reuse and recycling benefits to the user than the existing filtration apparatuses and systems that can be used in paint exhaust filtration. The present invention employs the three-dimensional fabric whose dimensional and thermal stability, and tensile properties allow, for example, the paint exhaust primary layer to be reused by washable at high temperatures or vacuuming.
The spacer fabrics utilised in the present invention possess robust tensile properties in comparison to the prior art. Characteristics such as tenacity (/. e. breaking strength per unit area density), breaking extension and specific modulus (/. e. stiffness per unit area density), create the end-use properties of an increased filter lifetime in comparison to the existing filtration apparatuses and systems.
The invention will now be described further by way of example with reference to the following figures and examples which are intended to be illustrative only and in no way limiting upon the scope of the invention. For convenience only, the filtration apparatus will be described in the embodiment of having first and second three-dimensional spacer fabrics separated by a third layer of enhancer material.
Brief Description of Drawings
Figure 1 is a view of the current industry standard Glass Fibre Paint Stop filtration material.
Figure 2 is a view of a three-dimensional spacer fabric as used in the present invention.
The properties of a three-dimensional 100% polyester warp knitted spacer fabric as shown in Figure 2, which may be used in the three-dimensional fabric layers of the present invention, are shown in Table 1 below, along with the same comparative tensile properties of one embodiment of the prior art Glass Fibre Paint Stop.
Table 1
Comparatively, the various properties of the three-dimensional fabric used in the present invention are significantly greater than the embodiment of the current industry standard Glass Fibre Paint Stop as measured and also shown in the table.
This provides a particular benefit to the facility as the filtration apparatus containing the one or more layers of this three-dimensional fabric will not “collapse” as readily, which prevents the pressure drop across the filter rising as quickly and increases the production life of the filter. Moreover, this enhanced stability facilitates the removal of a dirty filter and cleaning before reuse. The current filtration apparatuses and systems do not have the tensile strength to be torn from a filter frame and cleansed and refitted.
It is of course to be understood that the present invention is not intended to be restricted to the foregoing examples which are described by way of example only.
Claims (23)
1. A filtration apparatus comprising one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric.
2. A filtration apparatus according to claim 1, comprising first and second layers of a three-dimensional fabric.
3. A filtration apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a third layer of material that is not a three-dimensional fabric.
4. A filtration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the third layer is located between the first and second layers of three-dimensional fabric.
5. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the first and third fabrics have an area density of between about 500 gm'2 to about 1250 gm"2.
6. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric each have a thickness of between about 15 mm to about 30 mm.
7. A filtration apparatus according to any of claims 4-6, wherein the third layer has a thickness of between about 0.5 mm and about 7.5 mm.
8. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, which is able to be used more than once.
9. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric each have a washing shrinkage of a maximum of about 4% at 60°C.
10. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more three-dimensional fabrics comprise one or more materials selected from polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, and polyethylene.
11. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric consist of one type of polymer.
12. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the one type of polymer is polyester.
13. A filtration apparatus according to any of claims 1-10, wherein at least one of the one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric has a composition of 100% polyester.
14. A filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the one or more layers of a three-dimensional fabric contains a hydrophilic softener and/or a wicking agent.
15. A filtration apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the hydrophilic softener and/or a wicking agent are present in the first three-dimensional fabric layer.
16. A filtration apparatus according to any of claims 2-15, wherein the first three-dimensional fabric layer is positioned so that it is at the air intake side of the filtration apparatus, the second three-dimensional fabric layer is positioned at the air flow exit, and the third layer is positioned between the first and second three-dimensional fabric layers.
17. A paint exhaust filter element comprising a filtration apparatus according to any preceding claim.
18. A method for making a filtration apparatus according to any of claims 1-16, wherein the three-dimensional fabrics are cut and at least one of the three-dimensional fabrics is sealed.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the three-dimensional fabric layers are simultaneously cut and sealed using laser cutting.
20. A method of inserting the filtration apparatus according to any of claims 1-16 into, or attaching the filtration apparatus to, a commercial dry exhaust system or a commercial recirculation exhaust system.
21. A use of a filtration apparatus as described herein in the filtration of a substance employed in covering a substrate in a particulate material.
22. A use according to claim 22, wherein the particulate material is paint.
23. A filtration apparatus, method or use as described herein in the description and drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1518895.6A GB2543763B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Filtration apparatus with sustainability benefits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1518895.6A GB2543763B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Filtration apparatus with sustainability benefits |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201518895D0 GB201518895D0 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| GB2543763A true GB2543763A (en) | 2017-05-03 |
| GB2543763B GB2543763B (en) | 2022-08-31 |
Family
ID=55130214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1518895.6A Expired - Fee Related GB2543763B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Filtration apparatus with sustainability benefits |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2543763B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB1401231A (en) * | 1971-09-17 | 1975-07-16 | Pall Corp | Fluid-permeable materials contsining potassium titanate fibres and process of making the same |
| US6171684B1 (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 2001-01-09 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter material construction and method |
| US20060096263A1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-11 | Kahlbaugh Brad E | Filter medium and structure |
| US20070158277A1 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-12 | Clyde Bachand | Needle-punched non-woven filtration media and in-tank fuel filters suitable for filtering alternative fuels |
| WO2014145502A2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Columbus Industries, Inc. | Paint booth filter |
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| EP1625885A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-15 | Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) | Integrated permeate channel membrane |
| EP1992400A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-19 | Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) | Membrane bag and method of producing same |
| JP2010069428A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-04-02 | Panasonic Corp | Dehumidifying apparatus |
| WO2012098130A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-26 | Vds Weaving Nv | A tridimensional woven fabric, an integrated permeate channel membrane comprising said fabric and uses thereof |
| CN102828326B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-03-11 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of high-density three-dimensional woven fabric |
| CN104233561A (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江永宁滤布有限公司 | Cylindrical alkaline-resistant polypropylene fabric and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-10-26 GB GB1518895.6A patent/GB2543763B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1401231A (en) * | 1971-09-17 | 1975-07-16 | Pall Corp | Fluid-permeable materials contsining potassium titanate fibres and process of making the same |
| US6171684B1 (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 2001-01-09 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter material construction and method |
| US20060096263A1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-11 | Kahlbaugh Brad E | Filter medium and structure |
| US20070158277A1 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-12 | Clyde Bachand | Needle-punched non-woven filtration media and in-tank fuel filters suitable for filtering alternative fuels |
| WO2014145502A2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Columbus Industries, Inc. | Paint booth filter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201518895D0 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| GB2543763B (en) | 2022-08-31 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20231026 |