GB2535222A - End effector for electrosurgical instrument - Google Patents

End effector for electrosurgical instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2535222A
GB2535222A GB1502469.8A GB201502469A GB2535222A GB 2535222 A GB2535222 A GB 2535222A GB 201502469 A GB201502469 A GB 201502469A GB 2535222 A GB2535222 A GB 2535222A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
end effector
members
jaw members
spring
jaws
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB1502469.8A
Other versions
GB201502469D0 (en
GB2535222B (en
Inventor
John Hagland Michael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gyrus Medical Ltd
Original Assignee
Gyrus Medical Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to GB1502469.8A priority Critical patent/GB2535222B/en
Publication of GB201502469D0 publication Critical patent/GB201502469D0/en
Priority to US15/044,807 priority patent/US10413354B2/en
Publication of GB2535222A publication Critical patent/GB2535222A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2535222B publication Critical patent/GB2535222B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B18/1445—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/295—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery combined with cutting implements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00059—Material properties
    • A61B2018/00071—Electrical conductivity
    • A61B2018/00083—Electrical conductivity low, i.e. electrically insulating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/0063—Sealing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B2018/1452—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps including means for cutting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B2018/1452—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps including means for cutting
    • A61B2018/1455—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps including means for cutting having a moving blade for cutting tissue grasped by the jaws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/034—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/034—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself
    • A61B2090/035—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself preventing further rotation

Abstract

An end effector for an electrosurgical instrument and an electrosurgical instrument for sealing tissue An end effector for a surgical instrument comprising a pair of pivotable opposing first and second jaws 2,3 movable between an open and a closed position with the jaws capable of connection to a source of electrical energy to effect a seal of tissue grasped between the jaws. Connected between the jaws are one or more springs 15, 16, so as the jaws close the spring(s) compress. When fully compressed the springs form stop members which maintain between the jaws a predetermined spacing. End-effector may comprise two springs located one on either side of the end-effectors longitudinal axis. The spring(s) may be electrically insulating, possibly formed from a polymer. The spring(s) may be constrained by locating means on the jaws, where the locating means may be recesses in the jaws or possibly location posts. The spring(s) may be coil springs, or leaf springs or disc springs. Also a surgical instrument comprising a handle, elongated shaft and an end-effector with pivoted jaws. Instrument may further comprise a cutting blade to cut tissue grasped between the jaws. Blade may be advanced along the longitudinal axis of the end-effector. Blade may be an electrosurgical electrode. Preferably theres a mechanism to reciprocate the blade.

Description

END EFFECTOR FOR ELECTROSURGICAL INSTRUMENT
This invention relates to an end effector for an electrosurgical instrument, and to an electrosurgical instrument for sealing tissue. Such systems are commonly used for the treatment of tissue in surgical intervention, most commonly in "keyhole" or minimally invasive surgery, but also in "open" surgery.
It is known to provide an electrosurgical instrument in which the sealing of tissue is effected by means of a pair of jaw elements. US Patents 7,473,253 & 8,241,284 are two examples of this kind of instrument. These two patents describe the provision of one or more non-conductive stop members, in order to regulate the spacing between the jaws when tissue is held therebetween. The present invention attempts to provide an improvement to an arrangement instrument such as this.
Accordingly, an end effector for an electrosurgical instrument is provided, the end effector comprising a pair of opposing first and second jaw members, at least one of the jaw members being pivotable relative to the other between a first open position in which the jaw members are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another, and a second closed position in which the jaw members cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween, the jaw members being capable of being connected to a source of electrical energy such that the jaw members are capable of conducting energy through tissue held therebetween to effect a tissue seal, the end effector including one or more spring members connected between the first and second jaw members such that moving the jaw members from their open position to their closed position causes the one or more spring members to compress, the one or more spring members having a fully compressed condition such that when in their fully compressed condition the one or more spring members form stop members to maintain the first and second jaw members at a predetermined spacing one from the other when in their closed position.
The one or more spring members therefore act not only as a way of regulating the resistance of the jaws to closure by the user, but also as a stop member to regulate 30 the spacing between the jaws when they are in their closed position. Conveniently, the first and second jaw members are each pivotable with respect to each other about a common pivot. The end effector conceivably includes a single spring member located adjacent the pivot, or alternatively two spring members located one on either side of the longitudinal axis of the end effector. The jaw members typically include a sealing area in which the tissue is grasped, the sealing area often being provided with electrodes in the form of shims attached to the jaw members. The one or more spring members are preferably located outside the sealing area of the jaw members, such that they do not come into contact with tissue grasped between the jaws.
Even though the one or more spring members are located away from the main tissue grasping area, they are conveniently electrically insulating. Typically, they are formed of an electrically insulating material, such as from a polymer material.
Alternatively, the one or more spring members are formed of a metallic material coated with an electrically insulating material.
The one or more spring members are preferably constrained by locating means present on the first and second jaw members. In this way, the one or more spring members are held in position between the jaws in a secure fashion. Conveniently, the locating means comprises recesses present on the first and second jaw members. The one or more spring members are located in the recesses to secure them in position. Alternatively or additionally the locating means typically comprises location posts present on the first and second jaw members.
According to a first convenient arrangement, the one or more spring members comprise coil springs. Alternatively, the one or more spring members comprise disc springs, or conceivably even leaf springs. Whichever springs are employed, the one or more spring members provide a stop mechanism when they are in their fully compressed condition.
The invention further resides in a surgical instrument comprising; i) a handle, ii) an elongate shaft attached to the handle, iii) an end effector located at the distal end of the shaft, the end effector comprising a pair of opposing first and second jaw members, at least one of the jaw members being pivotable relative to the other between a first open position in which the jaw members are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another, and a second closed position in which the jaw members cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween, iv) first and second connections by which the jaw members can he connected to a source of electrical energy such that the jaw members are capable of conducting energy through tissue held therebetween to effect a tissue seal, v) an actuation mechanism associated with the handle for moving the jaw members between their open and closed positions, the end effector including one or more spring members connected between the first and second jaw members such that moving the jaw members from their open position to their closed position causes the one or more spring members to compress, the one or more spring members having a fully compressed condition such that when in their fully compressed condition the one or more spring members form stop members to maintain the first and second jaw members at a predetermined spacing one from the other when in their closed position.
The instrument conveniently further includes a cutting blade actuable to cut tissue grasped between the first and second jaw members. Typically, the cutting blade is a mechanical cutting blade mounted such that it can be advanced along the longitudinal axis of the end effector. Alternatively or additionally, the cutting blade is conceivably an electrosurgical electrode selectively connected to source of electrosurgical energy. Whichever type of cutting blade is employed, the instrument. also preferably includes a second actuation mechanism associated with the handle, the second actuation mechanism being actuable to reciprocate the cutting blade longitudinally with respect to the first and second jaw members.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an end effector in accordance with the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the end effector of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a further enlarged perspective view of a part of the end effector of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of an end effector in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the end effector of Figure Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of an end effector in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the end effector of Figure 6.
Referring to Figures 1 to 3, an end effector shown generally at 1 comprises an upper jaw 2 pivotably connected to a lower jaw 3 about a pivot 4. Flanges 5 are present at the proximal end of upper jaw 2, while flanges 6 are present at the proximal end of lower jaw 3. The flanges 5 & 6 each have slots 7 through which a drive pin 8 extends, such that proximal and distal movement of the drive pin 8 (by means of a drive mechanism (not shown) causes the jaws 2 & 3 to pivot between open and closed positions.
A metallic shim 9 is present on the inward face of upper jaw 2, while a metallic shim 10 is present on the inward face of lower jaw 3. When the jaws 2 & 3 pivot into their closed position, the metallic shims 9 & 10 come into close proximity one with the other, in order to grasp tissue (not shown) therehetween.
Proximal of the shims 9 & 10 and adjacent the area where the jaw members converge is an area 11 in which is provided first and second locating posts 12 & 13. Post 12 is attached to the lower jaw 3, and extends towards the upper jaw 2, stopping short of the upper jaw. Post 13 is conversely attached to the upper jaw 3, and extends towards the lower jaw 3, stopping short of the lower jaw. The posts 12 & 13 are located in recesses 14 & 24 (see Figure 3), two recesses 14 being present in the upper jaw 2 while two recesses 24 are present in the lower jaw 3. Located around the post 12 is a coil spring 15, while coil spring 16 is located around post 13. Each end of the coil springs 15, 16 is received within one of the recesses 14 & 24, so that, between the posts 12 & 13 and the recesses 14 & 24, the coil springs 15 & 16 are constrained to lie between the upper jaw 2 and the lower jaw 3.
As the jaw members 2 & 3 pivot from their open position towards their closed position, the coil springs 15 & 16 start to become compressed, thereby providing a resistance against the closure of the jaws. However, the structure of the coil springs is selected such that the resistance is relatively easy to overcome, and merely provides a "feel" for the closure of the jaws rather than a serious impediment. Once the jaws 2 & 3 start to approach their dosed position, the coil springs 15 & 16 become fully compressed, with adjacent turns of the coil coming into contact with one another to form a closed tube structure. In this condition, the coil springs form a rigid structure between the jaws 2 & 3, with the springs contacting the base of the recesses 14 & 24 at each end. The dosed springs therefore form a rigid stop member holding the jaws 2 & 3 apart by a predetermined distance, preferably between about 25pm to about. 350pm (0.001 inches to about 0.014 inches). This jaw separation helps to ensure that tissue grasped between the jaws is sealed effectively, when an electrosurgical coagulating voltage is passed between the jaws.
Figures 4 & 5 show an alternative arrangement, in which the coil springs 15 & 16 are replaced with a plurality of disc springs 17. The disc springs 17 each comprise a stack of discs 18, mounted on the posts 12 & 13 are previously described. Each of the discs 18 is compressible from an uncompressed to a compressed condition, as the jaws 2 & 3 are pivoted from their open position into their closed position. As the jaws approach their closed position, the disc springs reach their maximum compression and form a rigid structure incapable of being compressed further. At this point the disc springs 17 form stop members capable of maintaining the minimum separation between the jaw members desired for tissue sealing.
Figures 6 & 7 show a further arrangement, in which leaf springs 19 are provided on each of the jaws. As shown in Figure 7, each leaf spring comprises a metallic strip 20, secured to the jaw at fixing locations 21 & 22, and having a raised bowed section 23 therebetween. Each of the fixing locations 21 & 22 allows for the sliding movement of the strip 20 either before being fixed in position or even allowing for some sliding movement as the strip is compressed. Two such leaf spring elements are present on the upper jaw 2, and two on the lower jaw 3, each pair disposed in opposite corresponding alignment such that the bowed sections 23 of each leaf spring contact one another as the jaws pivot towards their closed position. When the jaws start to close, the bowed sections 23 flex one against the other to provide a controlled resistive force against the closure. When the bowed sections 23 have reached their maximum deformation, the leaf springs form a rigid structure resisting further compression and forming stop members to regulate the spacing between the jaws 2 & 3.
Whichever arrangement is employed, the provision of spring members not only provides a controlled resistance to the closure of the jaws, but also constitutes stop members regulating the jaw spacing when the spring members are in their fully compressed position. Whether the spring members are coil springs (as in Figures 1 to 3), disc springs (as in Figures 4 & 5) or leaf springs (as in Figures 6 & 7), they are typically formed of an electrically insulating material, such as a polymer material, or formed of a metallic material coated with an electrically insulating material such as polymer. This means that the spring members will not conduct electrosurgical energy to tissue grasped between the jaws, or cause shorting therebetween.

Claims (19)

  1. CLAIMS1. An end effector for a surgical instrument, the end effector comprising a pair of opposing first and second jaw members, at least one of the jaw members being pivotable relative to the other between a first open position in which the jaw members are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another, and a second closed position in which the jaw members cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween, the jaw members being capable of being connected to a source of electrical energy such that the jaw members are capable of conducting energy through tissue held therebetween to effect a tissue seal, the end effector including one or more spring members connected between the first and second jaw members such that moving the jaw members from their open position to their closed position causes the one or more spring members to compress, the one or more spring members having a fully compressed condition such that when in their fully compressed condition the one or more spring members form stop members to maintain the first and second jaw members at a predetermined spacing one from the other when in their closed position.
  2. 2. An end effector according to claim 1, wherein the first and second jaw members are each pivotable with respect to each other about a common pivot.
  3. 3. An end effector according to claim 2, wherein the end effector includes a single spring member located adjacent the pivot.
  4. 4. An end effector according to claim 2, wherein the end effector comprises two spring members located one on either side of the longitudinal axis of the end effector.
  5. 5. An end effector according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more spring members arc electrically insulating.
  6. 6. An end effector according to claim 5, wherein the one or more spring members arc formed of an electrically insulating material.
  7. 7. An end effector according to claim 6, wherein the one or more spring members are formed of a polymer material.
  8. 8. An end effector according to claim 5, wherein the one or more spring members are formed of a metallic material coated with an electrically insulating material.
  9. 9. An end effector according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more spring members are constrained by locating means present on the first and second jaw members.
  10. 10. An end effector according to claim 9, wherein the locating means comprises recesses present on the first and second jaw members.
  11. 11. An end effector according to claim 9, wherein the locating means comprises location posts present on the first and second jaw members.
  12. 12. An end effector according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more spring members comprise coil springs.
  13. 13. An end effector according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the one or more spring members comprise disc springs.
  14. 14. An end effector according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the one or more spring members comprise leaf springs.
  15. 15. A surgical instrument comprising; i) a handle, ii) an elongate shaft attached to the handle, iii) an end effector located at the distal end of the shaft, the end effector comprising a pair of opposing first and second jaw members, at least one of the jaw members being pivotable relative to the other between a first open position in which the jaw members are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another, and a second dosed position in which the jaw members cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween, iv) first and second connections by which the jaw members can be connected to a source of electrical energy such that the jaw members are capable of conducting energy through tissue held therebetween to effect a tissue seal, v) an actuation mechanism associated with the handle for moving the jaw members between their open and closed positions, the end effector including one or more spring members connected between the first and second jaw members such that moving the jaw members from their open position to their closed position causes the one or more spring members to compress, the one or more spring members having a fully compressed condition such that when in their fully compressed condition the one or more spring members form stop members to maintain the first and second jaw members at a predetermined spacing one from the other when in their closed position.
  16. 16. A surgical instrument according to claim 15, wherein the instrument further includes a cutting blade actuable to cut tissue grasped between the first and second jaw members.
  17. 17. A surgical instrument according to claim 16, wherein the cutting blade is a mechanical cutting blade mounted such that it can be advanced along the longitudinal axis of the end effector.
  18. 18. A surgical instrument according to claim 16, wherein the cutting blade is an electrosurgical electrode selectively connected to source of electrosurgical energy.
  19. 19. A surgical instrument according to any of claims 16 to 18, wherein the instrument also includes a second actuation mechanism associated with the handle, the 30 second actuation mechanism being actuable to reciprocate the cutting blade longitudinally with respect to the first and second jaw members.
GB1502469.8A 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 End effector for electrosurgical instrument Active GB2535222B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1502469.8A GB2535222B (en) 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 End effector for electrosurgical instrument
US15/044,807 US10413354B2 (en) 2015-02-13 2016-02-16 End effector for electrosurgical instrument

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1502469.8A GB2535222B (en) 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 End effector for electrosurgical instrument

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GB201502469D0 GB201502469D0 (en) 2015-04-01
GB2535222A true GB2535222A (en) 2016-08-17
GB2535222B GB2535222B (en) 2020-08-12

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GB (1) GB2535222B (en)

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GB2551039B (en) * 2016-04-11 2018-06-06 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument end effector

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US20160235473A1 (en) 2016-08-18
GB201502469D0 (en) 2015-04-01
GB2535222B (en) 2020-08-12
US10413354B2 (en) 2019-09-17

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