GB2531418A - Treatment system for treating hyperhidrosis - Google Patents
Treatment system for treating hyperhidrosis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2531418A GB2531418A GB1515623.5A GB201515623A GB2531418A GB 2531418 A GB2531418 A GB 2531418A GB 201515623 A GB201515623 A GB 201515623A GB 2531418 A GB2531418 A GB 2531418A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- generating device
- mode
- comparison
- value
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 208000008454 Hyperhidrosis Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000037315 hyperhidrosis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009118 appropriate response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/20—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
- A61N1/30—Apparatus for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body, or cataphoresis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
- A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/20—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/325—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a treatment system 100 for treating hyperhidrosis comprising a electricity generator 102, two vessels 104a-b intended to be filled with water, and for each vessel 104a-b, an electrode 106a-b immersed in the vessel 104a-b, the electricity generator 102 comprising a generating device 110 that is designed to function in a direct mode in which it generates a direct current or in a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current and which is connected to one of the electrical conductors 108b. A protection or safety device 112 comprising measuring means 114 connected to the other one of the electrical conductors 108a and designed to measure a value of a characteristic of the electric current in said electrical conductor 108a, comparison means 116 designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, control means 118 provided for controlling the generating device 110 according to a safety mode in which the generating device 110 is in pulsed mode where the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison is negative, or controlling the generating device 110 in direct mode and under regulation when the comparison is positive.
Description
Treatment system for treating hyperhidrosis The present invention relates to a system for treating hyperhidrosis, comprising an electricity generator equipped with a device for protection against electric shocks, such an electricity generator.
Hyperhydrosis means the excessive production of sweat by an individual.
Hvperhydrosis has been treated for many years by iontophoresis.
The device of the prior art that makes it possible to treat hyperhidrosis by iontophoresis comprises: -an electricity generator functioning on cells or batteries, -two vessels the dimensions of which are suited to the hands and/or feet and filled with a certain volume of water, and -for each vessel, an electrode itself comprising an electrically conductive element resting on the bottom of said vessel and electrically connected to the electricity generator, and a grid made from electrically insulating material that covers said element.
The patient who is to be treated immerses a hand or foot in each vessel and thus a closed electrical circuit is formed. The electric current delivered by the electricity generator then has a preferential path in the direction of the sudoriferous glands.
Although such a device gives good results, it presents certain problems.
In particular, it may happen that the patient inadvertently withdraws his hand or foot from a vessel, which breaks the continuity of the electrical circuit, and the patient then receives an unpleasant electric shock.
One object of the present invention is to propose a system for treating hyperhidrosis that does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and in particular comprises a device for protecting against electric shocks, To this end, a system for treating hyperhidrosis is proposed, comprising: -a electricity generator, -two vessels intended to be filled with water, and -for each vessel, an electrode immersed in the vessel, the electricity generator comprising a generating device that is designed to function in a direct mode in which it generates a direct current or in a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current and which is connected to one of the electrical conductors, and a protection device comprising: -measuring means connected to the other one of the electrical conductors and designed to measure a value of a characteristic of the electric current in said electrical conductor, -comparison means designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, -control means provided for: -controlling the generating device according to a safety mode in which the generating device is in pulsed mode where the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison is negative, or -controlling the generating device in direct mode and under regulation when the comparison is positive.
Advantageously, the measuring means comprise a resistor connected in series with the electrical conductor, and a measuring means provided for measuring the voltage at the terminals of the resistor and for transmitting this value to the comparisons means.
The invention also proposes an electricity generator for a treatment system for treating hyperhidrosis according to one of the above variants, and comprising a generating device that is designed to function in a direct mode in which it generates a direct current or in a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current, and a protection device comprising: -measuring means provided for measuring a value of a characteristic of the electric current in an electrical conductor, -comparison means designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, -control means provided for: -controlling the generating device according to a safety mode in which the generating device is in pulsed mode where the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison is negative, or -controlling the generating device in direct mode and under regulation when the comparison is positive.
The features of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will emerge more clearly from a reading of the following description of an example embodiment, said description being given in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which: Fig, I shows a system for treating hyperhidrosis according to the invention, and Fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of an operating method of the treatment system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 shows a treatment system 100 for treating hyperhidrosis.
The treatment system 100 comprises: -an electricity generator 1 02, -two vessels 04a-b each being intended to be filled with water, -for each vessel 104a-b, an electrode 106a-b immersed in said vessel 104a-b and electrically connected to the electricity generator 102 by an electrical conductor 108a-b.
In Fig. 1, a hand 50a-b of a patient is immersed in each vessel 104a-b, but the invention applies in the same way to the feet of a patient.
Thus, when the patient immerses a hand SOa-b or a foot in each vessel 104a-b, a closed electrical circuit is produced.
In the remainder of the description, the following expressions are used: -a characteristic of the current is a characteristic that can be measured from the current that flows in an electrical conductor. The characteristic is preferentially the voltage, but it could also be the intensity; -a reference value of the characteristic is the value that the characteristic must have for the intensity of the current in the electrical conductor to be equal to the intensity chosen for the treatment and which is around 20 mA. The reference value is recorded in the electricity generator 102 by the user, When the characteristic is the voltage, the reference value is also a voltage and is preferably recorded in the form of the intensity of the treatment, the electricity generator 102 then comprising the means for converting the value of the intensity thus recorded into the value of the reference voltage; -a safety value is the value of the characteristic for which the intensity of the current in the electrical conductor is sufficiently low for the electric shock that would result therefrom not to be perceived by the patient. The corresponding intensity is the safety intensity and is less than 3 mA, The invention is based on the phenomenon according to which, when the patient removes a hand SOa-b from a vessel 104a-b, the surface tension of the water means that the contact between hand 50a-b and water is broken not immediately but over approximately 40 ms, and the global resistance of the circuit varies sufficiently for the variation in a value of an electrical characteristic that is measured from the current flowing in one of the electrical conductors (here the electrical conductor 108a) to be sufficient to be detected and to trigger a safety procedure.
The electricity generator 102 comprises a generating device 110 connected to one of the electrical conductors 1 08b and able to generate a direct electrical current in S the elecifical conductors 108a-b and a protection device 112 that comprises: -measuring means 114 connected to the other one of the electrical conductors 108a and designed to measure a value of a characteristic of the electric current in said electrical conductor 108a, -comparison means 116 designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, -control means 118 provided for: -controlling the generating device 110 according to a safety mode in which the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison 108a is negative, or -controlling the generating device 110 under regulation when the comparison is positive.
One of the electrical conductors 108a is thus connected to the generating device through the measuring means 114, and the other electrical conductor 108b is connected directly to the generating device 110, The comparison is negative when the absolute value of the difference between the measured value and the reference value is higher than a threshold or when the measured value differs from the reference value by more than a certain percentage, for example 20%. The comparison is positive in the contrary case.
The control under regulation of the generating device 110 consists of acting on the generating device 110 so that it modifies the intensity of the current that it delivers so that the measured value approaches the reference value as closely as possible, that is to say the intensity of the curent in the electrical conductor 108a, and consequently in the electrical conductor 108b, is equal to the intensity chosen for the treatment.
Thus, when a significant variation in the measured value is detected, the generating device 110 goes into a safety mode in which the patient does not suffer an electric shock.
According to a particular embodiment, the safety mode consists, for the control means 118, of controlling the generating device 110 so as to gradually reduce the intensity of the current delivered by the generating device 110 to the safety value. The reduction in current takes place on a descending ramp. The reduction must be sufficiently rapid to be less than 40 ms, or even 30 ms. For this purpose, the generating device 110 comprises means controlled by the control means 118 and designed to gradually reduce the intensity of the current delivered by the generating device 110 to the safety value.
According to another particular embodiment, the safety mode consists, for the control means 118, of controlling the generating device 110 in order to make it switch from a direct mode in which it generates a direct current to a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current. For this purpose, the generating device 110 comprises means controlled by the control means 118 and designed to switch the generating device 110 from direct mode to pulsed mode. Conventionally the direct current is a continuous current and the pulsed current is a discontinuous current, in particular square varying between a zero intensity and non-zero intensity 1.
In the embodiment of the invention presented here, the measuring means 114 comprise: -a resistor 120 of known resistance R connected in series with the electrical conductor 108a, that is to say between the electrical conductor 108a and the generating device 110, and -a measuring means 122 provided for measuring the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120 and for transmitting this value to the comparison means 6.
The characteristic of the electric current that is used is then the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120. The reference value is the value of the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120 that makes it possible to obtain a current in the electrical conductor 108a with an intensity which is chosen for treating hyperhidrosis, namely around 20 mA, In steady mode, that is to say when the current in the electrical conductor 108 is stable, the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120 varies little, but when the patient begins to remove his hand the global resistance of the circuit varies greatly as well as the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120, before the electrical circuit is broken.
According to a particular embodiment, the resistance 120 is between I ohm and 500 ohms and more particularly is equal to 100 ohms.
The generating device 110 is a voltage generator and preferentially a voltage converter controlled by pulse width (PWM). In normal operation, the width will be incremented until the voltage measured at the terminals of the resistor 120 is equal to the voltage to be achieved, which is here the reference value and corresponds to the intensity chosen for the treatment. As long as the voltage measured is lower than the voltage to be achieved, the width is increased, and if the voltage measured exceeds the voltage to be achieved, the width is decreased. The generating device 110 is thus s regulated and thus behaves as a current generator.
Fig. 2 shows a flow diagram 200 of an operating method of the treatment system 100.
The operating method comprises: -a starting step 202 during which the generating device 110 establishes a direct electric current, the intensity of which is less or equal to the safety value, -a scrutiny step 204 during which the measuring means 114 measure the value of a characteristic of the electric current in one of the electrical conductor 108a and the comparison means 116 compare this value with an initial value representing the fact that the electrical circuit is closed, that is to say the patient has immersed his hands SOa-b in the vessels I 04a-b, if the comparison is negative, this means that the patient has not put his two hands 50a-b in the vessels 104a-b and the method loops onto the scrutiny step 204, if the comparison is positive, this means that the patient has put his two hands 50a-b in the vessels 104a-b and the method continues with: -an incrementation step 206 during which the control means I 8 control the generating device 110 in order to increase the intensity of the current that it delivers in the electrical conductors I 08a-b, -a verification step 208 during which the measuring means 114 measure the value of the characteristic of the electric current in the electrical conductor 1 08a and the comparison means 116 compare this value with the reference value, if the comparison is negative, this means that the intensity in the electrical conductor I 08a for the treatment has not been achieved and the method loops onto the incrementation step 206, if the comparison is positive, this means that the intensity in the electrical conductor 108a for the treatment has been reached and the method continues with: -a measuring step 210 during which the measuring means 114 measure the value of the characteristic of the electric current in the electrical conductor 108a, -a comparison step 22 during which the comparison means 116 compare the value thus measured at the measuring step 210 with the reference value, if the comparison is negative, this means that the measured value diverges from the reference value and that the patient is beginning to remove one of his hands 50a-b from one of the vessels 104a-b, and the method then continues with a safety step 214 during which the control means 118 control the generating device 110 according to the safety mode, if the comparison is positive, this means that the measured value is converging towards the reference value and that the patient is keeping his hands 50a-b in the vessels 104a-b, and the method then continues with a regulation step 216 during which the control means 118 control the generating device 110 in regulation mode and the method loops onto the measuring step 210.
The scrutiny step 204 consists of verifying that electric current is indeed circulating in the electrical conductors 108a-b, In the embodiment of the invention presented here, this consists of verifying that the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120 is not zero, If the voltage at the terminals of the resistor 120 is zero, this means that the patient has not put his two hands 50a-b in the vessels 104a-b and that the circuit is open.
The incrementation step 206 consists, in the case of a voltage converter controlled by pulse width, of increasing the width until the voltage measured at the terminals of the resistor 120 is equal to the voltage to be achieved.
The safety step 24 consists, for the control means 118, of controlling the generating device 110 in order to gradually reduce the intensity of the current delivered by the generating device 110 to the safety value or to switch the generating device 110 from direct mode to pulsed mode.
The regulation step 216 consists, according to the value measured with respect to the reference value, of acting on the generating device 110 so that it modifies the intensity of the current that it delivers so that the measured value most closely approaches the reference value.
After the safety step 214, the treatment is stopped. The treatment may be resumed if the patient wishes to continue the treatment by placing his hands 50a-b in the vessels 104a-b again.
The treatment method then continues, after the safety step 214, with choosing step 262 during which the processing system 00 awaits an action by the patient in order to stop or continue the treatment, The treatment system 100 then leaves the choice to the patient to stop the treatment or to continue it. The choosing step 262 is performed for example by means of a touch screen on which the question relating to the stoppage or continuation of the treatment and the appropriate responses that the patient can select is displayed.
If the patient chooses to stop the treatment, the method continues, after the S choosing step 626, with a stop step 264 during which the treatment system 100 is stopped and optionally reinitialised, If the patient choses to continue the treatment, the method loops onto the start step 202 and the treatment system 100 is then ready to resume the treatment as soon as the hands 50a-b are once again immersed in the vessels 104a-b.
To enable reversal of the polarities of the direct electric current that the generating device 110 generates, a suitable action means is provided at the electricity generator 102. The action means is for example a button that can be actuated button that can be actuated by the patient.
A chronometer can be integrated in the processing system 100 to enable the patient to determine the time during which his treatment has been applied.
Claims (3)
- CLAiMS 1) Treatment system (100) for treating hyperhidrosis, comprising: -a electricity generator ( 02), -two vessels (104a-b) intended to be filled with water, and -for each vessel (104a-b), an electrode (06a-b) immersed in the vessel (lO4a-the electricity generator (102) comprising a generating device (110) that is designed to function in a direct mode in which it generates a direct current or in a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current and which is connected to one of the electrical conductors (108b), and a protection device (112) comprising: -measuring means (114) connected to the other one of the electrical conductors (lOSa) and designed to measure a value of a characteristic of the electric current in said electrical conductor (08a), -comparison means (116) designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, -control means (118) provided for: -controlling the generating device (110) according to a safety mode in which the generating device (110) is in pulsed mode where the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison is negative, or -controlling the generating device (110) in direct mode and under regulation when the comparison is positive.
- 2) Treatment system (100) according to claim 1, characterised in that measuring means (114) comprise a resistor (120) connected in series with the electrical conductor (108a), and a measuring means (122) provided for measuring the voltage at the terminals of the resistor (120) and for transmitting this value to the comparisons means (116).
- 3) Electricity generator (102) for a treatment system (100) for treating hyperhidrosis according to one of claims 1 or 2, and comprising a generating device (1 0) that is designed to function in a direct mode in which it generates a direct current or in a pulsed mode in which it generates a pulsed current, and a protection device (112) comprising: -measuring means (114) provided for measuring a value of a characteristic of the electric current in an electrical conductor (108a), S -comparison means (116) designed to compare this measured value with respect to a reference value of this characteristic, -control means (118) provided for: -controlling the generating device (110) according to a safety mode in which the generating device (110) is in pulsed mode where the patient does not risk suffering an electric shock, when the comparison is negative, or -controlling the generating device (110) in direct mode and under regulation when the comparison is positive.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1458327A FR3025434B1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR TREATING HYPERHIDROSIS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201515623D0 GB201515623D0 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| GB2531418A true GB2531418A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| GB2531418B GB2531418B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
Family
ID=51897299
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1515623.5A Expired - Fee Related GB2531418B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2015-09-03 | Treatment system for treating hyperhidrosis |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR3025434B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2531418B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020069596A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-09 | Calouche Maxime | A system of method for treatment of hyperhidrosis by tap-water iontophoresis and electrotherapy using an improved electrode |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4137960A1 (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-05-27 | Gerhard Prof Schauf | Therapy device for treating hyperhidrosis via iontophoresis - uses combined AC and DC signals selected to provide single-sided, double-sided or asymmetrical galvanic effect |
| KR20050003310A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-10 | 박만실 | An excessive sweating treatment device |
| US20090005723A1 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2009-01-01 | Therapy Products, Inc. Dba Erchonia Medical | Combination iontophoresis and detoxifying device and methods for use |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2687028B1 (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1994-04-29 | I2M Innovation Materiel Medica | DEVICE FOR REMOTE CONTROL OF THE INTENSITY DELIVERED BY A CURRENT GENERATOR WITH A HAND DIVE INTO A CONDUCTIVE LIQUID. |
| US8150525B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-04-03 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Treatment of hyperhydrosis |
| KR101293992B1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-08-08 | 주식회사 모든넷 | An excessive sweating treatment device |
-
2014
- 2014-09-05 FR FR1458327A patent/FR3025434B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-09-03 GB GB1515623.5A patent/GB2531418B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4137960A1 (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-05-27 | Gerhard Prof Schauf | Therapy device for treating hyperhidrosis via iontophoresis - uses combined AC and DC signals selected to provide single-sided, double-sided or asymmetrical galvanic effect |
| US20090005723A1 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2009-01-01 | Therapy Products, Inc. Dba Erchonia Medical | Combination iontophoresis and detoxifying device and methods for use |
| KR20050003310A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-10 | 박만실 | An excessive sweating treatment device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020069596A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-09 | Calouche Maxime | A system of method for treatment of hyperhidrosis by tap-water iontophoresis and electrotherapy using an improved electrode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3025434A1 (en) | 2016-03-11 |
| FR3025434B1 (en) | 2020-01-24 |
| GB201515623D0 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| GB2531418B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230903 |