GB2530894A - Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2530894A
GB2530894A GB1514642.6A GB201514642A GB2530894A GB 2530894 A GB2530894 A GB 2530894A GB 201514642 A GB201514642 A GB 201514642A GB 2530894 A GB2530894 A GB 2530894A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
discharging
charging
cycles
electric motor
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1514642.6A
Other versions
GB201514642D0 (en
Inventor
Sreenath Reghunath
Deepak Sharma
Ashwini Athreya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Priority to GB1514642.6A priority Critical patent/GB2530894A/en
Publication of GB201514642D0 publication Critical patent/GB201514642D0/en
Publication of GB2530894A publication Critical patent/GB2530894A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/12—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using control strategies taking into account route information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/0097—Predicting future conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/45—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
    • B60W2556/50—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is provided. The HEV comprises an electric motor and a combustion engine. The method includes the prediction S2 of a pattern (18 in Figure 2) of charging-discharging cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle. The predicted pattern 18 of charging-discharging cycles is analyzed S3, S5 for high frequent charging-discharging-cycles (20 in Figure 2) succeeded by a high potential discharge (22 in Figure 2). If the pattern 18 comprises the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles 20 succeeded by the high potential discharge 22, the electric motor is deactivated S6 during discharging segments (24 in Figure 2) of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20.

Description

Method for Operating a Hybrid Electric Vehicle The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle comprising an electric motor and a combustion engine, wherein the method includes the prediction of a pattern of charging-discharging cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle. In addition, the invention relates to a charging-discharging management system.
Hybrid electric vehicles, HEy, are known from the prior art and combine a combustion engine propulsion system with an electric propulsion system. Therefore, the HEV comprises a combustion engine and an electrical machine connected to a battery of the HEy. The electrical machine can be used as an electric motor driving the HEV. In this operation mode the battery is discharged in order to supply the electric motor. The electrical machine can also be used as a generator. In this operation mode the battery can be charged. Those charging-discharging cycles of the battery affect battery lifetime.
Systems and apparatus for controlling charging and discharging of batteries of hybrid electric vehicles or electric vehicles are disclosed in US 7 849 944 32, US 2002/0069000 Al and US 8 725 331 32.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle, wherein a number of charging-discharging cycles of a battery can be minimized and a lifetime of the battery can be enhanced.
According to the invention, this object is solved by a method as well as a system having the features according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous implementations of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims, of the
description and of the figures.
The method according to the invention is used for operating a hybrid electric vehicle comprising an electric motor and a combustion engine. The method includes the step of predicting a pattern of charging-discharging cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle. Additionally, the method comprises the step of analyzing the predicted pattern of charging-discharging cycles for high frequent charging-discharging cycles succeeded by a high potential discharge, and, if the pattern comprises the high frequent charging-discharging cycles succeeded by the high potential discharge, of deactivating the electric motor during discharging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles.
For example, the hybrid electric vehicle, HEy, can be combustion engine driven while the combustion engine is activated and the electric motor is deactivated. The hybrid electric vehicle can also be an electric motor driven while the electric motor is activated and the combustion engine is deactivated. It is also possible, that the HEV is simultaneously combustion engine driven and electric motor driven while the combustion engine and the electric motor are activated. The electric motor is an electrical machine supplied by the battery during motor operation of the electrical machine. The electrical machine can also be used as a generator, wherein the battery is charged during generator operation of the electrical machine.
The pattern of charging-discharging cycles is identified in upcoming route segments of the hybrid electrical vehicle. The pattern of charging-discharging cycles arises from a torque demand for the HEy. Analyzing the pattern, the high frequency charging-discharging cycles are detected. Such high frequent charging-discharging cycles without any substantial variation in a charge level of the battery accelerate the battery life deterioration. Furthermore, the high potential discharge succeeding the high frequent charging-discharging segments is detected. The high potential discharge segment is a discharge of the battery from a maximum charge level to a minimum charge level.
Additionally, the point in time of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles as well as the time period of charging segments and discharging segments are identified. In order to prevent the high frequent charging-discharging cycles of the battery the electric motor is deactivated during the period corresponding to the discharging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles. During the period of discharging segments the HEV is combustion engine driven. By preventing the activation of the electric motor, the battery is not discharged during the period corresponding to the high frequent charging-discharging cycles. Hence, the charging-discharging cycles are reduced and the battery lifetime is enhanced. Furthermore, engine start/stop cycles are reduced, whereby auxiliary battery life and starter life is improved.
Advantageously, the battery is charged during charging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles of the battery. In other words, the regeneration cycles are still active during the period corresponding to the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles of the battery. During the charging segments of high frequent charging-discharging cycles of the battery, charge is accumulated and a state of charge of the battery rises. Due to the stoppage of the electric motor between the charging segments the accumulation of 12T values can be reduced.
Preferably, the electric motor is activated during the high potential discharge. Due to the stoppage of the electric motor during the discharging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles, the battery is not discharged during the period corresponding to the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles. Charge is accumulated during the charging segments, which is used in a single stretch during the succeeding high potential discharge segment. The HEV is electric motor driven during this period.
Advantageously, discharge losses are reduced since the discharging occurs at a higher state of charge of the battery. Furthermore, battery power restrictions are reduced if the discharge happens at higher charge potential.
In an advantageous development, the pattern of charging-discharging cycles of the battery is predicted on the basis of current and future route information of the hybrid electric vehicle. Based on the route information the pattern can be determined using predictive algorithms.
In a preferred embodiment, a state of charge of the battery is determined and the electric motor is deactivated during the discharging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles, if the determined state of charge falls below a predetermined value.
The predetermined value is a minimum charge level. At this minimum threshold the battery has high charge and discharge losses. These losses can be reduced by deactivating the electric motor if the state of charge falls below this value.
In addition, the invention relates to a charging-discharging management system for a hybrid electric vehicle comprising an electric motor and a combustion engine, wherein the charging-discharging management system includes a control unit to predict a pattern of charging-discharging cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle. The control unit is configured to analyze the predicted pattern of charging-discharging cycles for high frequent charging-discharging cycles succeeded by a high potential discharge and, if the pattern comprises the high frequent charging-discharging cycles succeeded by the high potential discharge, to deactivate the electric motor during discharging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles.
The preferred embodiments presented with respect to the method according to the invention and the advantages thereof correspondingly apply to the charging-discharging management system according to the invention.
Further advantages, features, and details of the invention derive from the following description of preferred embodiments as well as from the drawings. The features and feature combinations previously mentioned in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned in the following description of the figures and/or shown in the figures alone can be employed not only in the respectively indicated combination but also in other combination or taken alone without leaving the scope of the invention.
The drawings show in: Fig. 1 a schematic illustration of process steps of the method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle; and Fig. 2 a schematic illustration of a charging-discharging cycle of a battery depending on a demand torque of a combustion engine.
In the figures the same elements or elements having the same function are indicated by the same reference signs.
Fig.1 shows the process steps of the method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle, HEy, which comprises an electric motor and a combustion engine. The electric motor is supplied by a battery of the HEy. In a first step Si the process starts. In particular, the process is started, if a state of charge of the battery falls below a predetermined value.
The predetermined value is a minimum state of charge of the battery. In a second step S2, current and future route information of the HEV is determined. Based on this information, e.g. using predictive algorithms, a pattern of charging-discharging cycles of the battery in the route segments of the HEV is determined. In a third step S3, it is determined if the pattern comprises high frequent charging-discharging cycles. If the pattern does not comprise high frequent charging-discharging cycles, the method is continued with a fourth step S4. wherein the electric motor is used whenever the charging state of the battery is above the minimum threshold.
If the pattern comprises the high frequent charging-discharging cycles, the method is continued with a fifth step S5. In the fifth step 55, it is determined, if the pattern comprises a high potential discharge segment succeeding the high frequent charging-discharging cycles. If the pattern does not comprise the high potential discharge segment, the method is continued with the fourth step S4. If the pattern comprises the high potential discharge segment, the method is continued with a sixth step S6, wherein the electric motor is stopped at the high frequency discharge cycles. Regeneration cycles are still active. In other words, the battery is charged during charging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles of the battery. In a seventh step 57, the charge accumulated during the charging segments of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles is used to supply the electric motor during the high potential discharge segment.
The procedure ends in step SB.
Fig. 2 shows a first characteristic 10, describing the relationship between time t (abscissa) and a torque demand 12 (ordinate) of the hybrid electric vehicle, and a second characteristic 14, describing the relationship between time t (abscissa) and a state of charge 16 of the battery of the HEy. Based on the characteristic 10, the pattern of charging-discharging cycles 18 of the battery is predicted. The pattern 18 is analyzed for the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20 succeeded by the high potential discharge 22. At maxima 24 of the torque demand 12 corresponding to discharging segments 26 of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20 of the pattern 18 the electric motor is deactivated and the combustion engine works alone. In other words, the HEV is combustion engine driven. The battery is not discharged during the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20 of the pattern. The state of charge 16 of the battery remains constant during the discharging segments 26 of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20. At minima 28 of the torque demand 12 corresponding to charging segments 30 of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20 of the pattern 18, the battery is charged. The state of charge 16 of the battery rises during the charging segments 30 of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20. Overall, the state of charge 16 of the battery rises during the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20. In other word, charge is accumulated during the high frequent charging-discharging cycles from a minimum value Mm to a maximum value Max. During the high potential discharge 22, the electric motor is activated. During the high potential discharge 22 the battery supplies the electric motor, whereby the battery is discharged. Hence, the charge accumulated during the high frequent charging-discharging cycles 20 is particularly completely spent during the high potential discharge 22.
List of reference signs Si first step S2 second step 53 third step 54 fourth step S5 fifth step S6 sixth step S7 seventh Step S8 eight step first characteristic 12 torque demand 14 second characteristic 16 State of Charge 18 pattern high frequent charging-discharging cycles 22 high potential discharge 24 maxima 26 discharging segments 28 minima charging segments time

Claims (6)

  1. Claims Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle comprising an electric motor and a combustion engine, wherein the method includes the prediction (S2) of a pattern (18) of charging-discharging cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle, characterized in that the predicted pattern (18) of charging-discharging cycles is analyzed (S3, S5) for high frequent charging-discharging-cycles (20) succeeded by a high potential discharge (22), and, if the pattern (18) comprises the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles (20) succeeded by the high potential discharge (22), the electric motor is deactivated (S6) during discharging segments (24) of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles (20).
  2. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery is charged during charging segments (28) of the high frequent charging-discharging-cycles (20) of the battery.
  3. 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electric motor is activated during the high potential discharge (22).
  4. 4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pattern (18) of charging-discharging cycles of the battery is predicted (S2) on the basis of current and future route information of the hybrid electric vehicle.
  5. 5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a state of charge (16) of the battery is determined and the electric motor is deactivated during the discharging segments (24) of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles (20), if the determined state of charge (16) falls below a predetermined value.
  6. 6. Charging-discharging management system for a hybrid electric vehicle comprising a electric motor and a combustion engine, wherein the charging-discharging management system includes a control unit to predict a pattern (18) of charging-discharging-cycles of a battery supplying the electric motor of the hybrid electric vehicle, characterized in that the control unit is configured to analyze the predicted pattern (18) of charging-discharging cycles for high frequent charging-discharging cycles (20) succeeded by a high potential discharge (22) and, if the pattern (18) comprises the high frequent charging-discharging cycles (20) succeeded by the high potential discharge (22), to deactivate the electric motor during discharging segments (24) of the high frequent charging-discharging cycles (20).
GB1514642.6A 2015-08-18 2015-08-18 Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle Withdrawn GB2530894A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1514642.6A GB2530894A (en) 2015-08-18 2015-08-18 Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1514642.6A GB2530894A (en) 2015-08-18 2015-08-18 Method for operating a hybrid electric vehicle

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GB2530894A true GB2530894A (en) 2016-04-06

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8725331B2 (en) * 2010-08-30 2014-05-13 Denso Corporation Charge-discharge management apparatus and system for vehicle
WO2014111749A1 (en) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control device for hybrid vehicle, hybrid vehicle provided with same, and control method for hybrid vehicle
JP2014158404A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Power management device, charge/discharge planning device, charge/discharge planning method, and program
JP2015027164A (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-05 株式会社デンソー Charge/discharge management system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8725331B2 (en) * 2010-08-30 2014-05-13 Denso Corporation Charge-discharge management apparatus and system for vehicle
WO2014111749A1 (en) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control device for hybrid vehicle, hybrid vehicle provided with same, and control method for hybrid vehicle
JP2014158404A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Power management device, charge/discharge planning device, charge/discharge planning method, and program
JP2015027164A (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-05 株式会社デンソー Charge/discharge management system

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