GB2527068A - Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset - Google Patents

Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2527068A
GB2527068A GB1410299.0A GB201410299A GB2527068A GB 2527068 A GB2527068 A GB 2527068A GB 201410299 A GB201410299 A GB 201410299A GB 2527068 A GB2527068 A GB 2527068A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
subsea
asset
sensing means
processing
processing means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1410299.0A
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GB201410299D0 (en
Inventor
Matthew Edmund Stone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Energy Technology UK Ltd
Original Assignee
GE Oil and Gas UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GE Oil and Gas UK Ltd filed Critical GE Oil and Gas UK Ltd
Priority to GB1410299.0A priority Critical patent/GB2527068A/en
Publication of GB201410299D0 publication Critical patent/GB201410299D0/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/062864 priority patent/WO2015189224A1/en
Publication of GB2527068A publication Critical patent/GB2527068A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
    • G08B29/188—Data fusion; cooperative systems, e.g. voting among different detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/04—Systems determining presence of a target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/56—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/862—Combination of radar systems with sonar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/867—Combination of radar systems with cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
    • G01S15/04—Systems determining presence of a target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/86—Combinations of sonar systems with lidar systems; Combinations of sonar systems with systems not using wave reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1672—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using sonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating in the audio frequency range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19695—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors start video recording or forwarding but do not generate an alarm themselves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A method and system for detecting intruders, burglars or an incursion in proximity to a subsea asset comprising acoustic, sonar, radar, electromagnetic or video sensing means in association with the asset to produce an indication in response to the presence of an object or target, processing means to process indications from the sensing means and providing means to utilise results from the processing means to provide an output characteristic of the object. The device is ideally suitable for use at subsea assets such as a hydrocarbon extraction well facility.

Description

PROXIMITY SENSING IN RELATION TO A SUBSEA ASSET
The present invention relates to proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset, such as a subsea well, for example a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well.
As security incursions become more advanced in nature, looking to the future there S is a real chance that a sophisticated threat may come from an unauthorised subsea vessel (manned or unmanned). Access to commercially available submerged vessels is becoming commonplace, therefore extrapolating this leads to possibilities of threats from activists, hobbyists and corporate espionage via a physical presence near to a subsea asset.
According to this invention from one aspect, there is provided a method of detecting an incursion in relation to a subsea asset, comprising providing sensing means in association with the asset to produce an indication in response to the presence of an object, providing processing means to process indications from the sensing means and providing means for using results of the processing to provide an output characteristic of the object.
According to this invention from another aspect, there is provided a system for detecting an incursion in relation to a subsea asset, comprising sensing means in association with the asset to produce an indication in response to the presence of an object, processing means to process indications from the sensing means and means for using results of the processing to provide an output characteristic of the object Such sensing means could use at least one of the following technologies: -acoustic sensing, for example acoustic monitoring for engine noise; -sonar and I or radar technologies; -electromagnetic sensing, for example an electromagnetic sensor array capable of detecting a metal mass (i.e. a subsea vessel) crossing a threshold; and -video sensing, for example video motion detection and / or object recognition algorithms, able to highlight items of interest in the live feed.
Such processing and using means could comprise: -a topside analytics system which connects via a dedicated fibre to a subsea proximity sensor network; with said subsea sensor network uniquely powered and distributed from the existing subsea controls infrastructure.
-an analytics engine tailored to detecting subsea vessels in seabed conditions; or -an alarm system connecting via a human-machine Interface (HMI) to a primary and / or centralised control system within the plant or remote monitoring station.
is Additional system components could comprise: -an infield distribution network including cabling and any subsea routing; and -point-to-point, ring or mesh networking of sensors -Software algorithms which map trigger points within the system to a virtual representation of the asset, -Software databases of known vehicle profiles, usable to filter out false trips from natural triggers, and provide operator further information on the likely type of incursion Such processing means could be subsea or topside.
An embodiment of this invention pertains to an externally looking proximity alert system which surrounds the subsea asset to provide an early warning system that can alert operators to unauthorised subsea presence, providing an opportunity to log the incident, initiate a security response protocol or perform an emergency shutdown of the well.
Scenario I An acoustic sensor detects a motor signature of a known hobby ROy. The subsea proximity HMI presents an alarm popup, describing the ROV and its proximity.
Operator confirms this via the video feed for the asset, and activates the predetermined response plan for the scenario.
Scenario 2 A low power system has an electromagnetic sensor trip. This auto-activates the webcam facilities. The subsea processing for the webcam performs a video-motion analysis. No motion is detected. A minor alarm detailing the electromagnetic trip plus the live feed appears as a pop-up on the HMI. The operator is able to take further action based on this discrepancy alert.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying figure, which shows the operating steps of different embodiments.
As illustrated in Fig. 1, each embodiment comprises three basic stages: i) an input stage (subsea sensing); ii) a processing stage, which may take place either topside or subsea; and iii) an output stage.
The intention of abstracting the invention to these three stages is to create a common software architecture, and maintain a common software framework independent to the solving technology for each stage. In this way, it is possible to maintain a core architecture regardless of the specific solving technology, and be able to incorporate other technologies in the future.
Each of these basic stages will now be described in more detail, and some of the various alternatives within each stage will be indicated.
Input stage The input stage takes place via at least one subsea sensor. Such a sensor may take the form of, for example, an acoustic sensor, sonar or radar, a video sensor such as a webcam, an electromagnetic proximity sensor, or a physical trip or switch. The sensor could be an existing sensor already present at the subsea asset for another purpose. For example, many subsea hydrocarbon extraction wells already include acoustic detectors for leak detection. Such an acoustic detector already has a 360-degree field of vision', and could be readily used in a system according to the present invention without modification.
Combinations of the above sensor types may be used to increase sensing accuracy or reliability, or to provide a double voting' capability, e.g. an object detected only by an acoustic sensor will not set off an alarm, but an object detected by an acoustic sensor and a physical trip will set off an alarm.
The subsea environment around the subsea asset may be taken into account. For example, the topography of the seabed immediately surrounding the subsea asset may dictate that one or more of the above sensors are unsuitable for that particular asset. Additionally, cost may also factor in to how many different sensor types, and how many of each sensor, are used as part of the sensing means.
Subsea / topside processing s Some types of sensor will require their sensed data to be processed to filter out false positives and prevent false alarms. As shown in Fig. 1, such processing may take place at a subsea location, or at a topside location.
For acoustic sensors, sensed acoustic data will need to undergo acoustic profile processing. This processing filters out the acoustic signature of motors from background noise, such as subsea seismic events and biological activity from marine life. This processing also allows the system to differentiate between authorised and unauthorised vessels. For example, in the case where the subsea asset is a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well, an authorised vehicle might be a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) or autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) which services the well. An unauthorised vehicle could then be defined as any vehicle not sharing the acoustic signature of an authorised vehicle. Alternatively, authorised vehicles could be equipped with a noise generator that emits a specific ping', which the acoustic filter has defined as an authorisation signal. The processing could also transform the acoustic data into a visual representation of various detected objects and their respective proximities to the subsea asset.
For video profiling, a local feed (not transmitted on the primary line to save bandwidth) can be monitored from a subsea asset. Video processing algorithms are able to detect motion from frame to frame, which triggers the feed to be sent to the topside alert system, with a trigger alarm flag. If the video is of a suitable resolution,
S
and lighting is adequate, it may be possible to identify the type of vehicle based on its visual profile.
For sonar and I or radar sensors, sensed data will need to undergo sonar and br radar processing. The processing could establish a proximity threshold, past which any detected objects are disregarded. The processing could filter out objects having a reflection pattern which fits the profile of marine life (e.g. a whale). The processing could also filter out objects having a reflection pattern which matches that of an authorised vehicle, such as an authorised ROV or AIJV. The processing could also transform the sonar and I or radar data into a visual representation of various detected objects and their respective proximities to the subsea asset.
The acoustic, video, sonar and I or radar processing described above could take place either subsea or topside. In the case where the subsea asset is a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well, subsea processing could take place in a subsea electronics module (SEM) of a subsea control module (SCM) that operates valves in the well. Alternatively, topside processing could take place at an operations platform on the surface, with the data being communicated via existing communication cables in an umbilical that connects the subsea hydrocarbon extraction well to the surface.
In the case of topside processing, data could be compressed (for example, in a SEM) prior to being transmitted up the umbilical.
The acoustic, video, sonar and I or radar processing described above could also involve a step of comparing the detected object to a database. For acoustic processing, the database may contain acoustic signatures corresponding to the engine sounds of ROVs. The engine sounds of ROVs built to industry standards may be defined to be authorised, and engine sounds of ROVs not built to industry standards may be defined as unauthorised. The results of the comparison may be included in the system output. For sonar and I or radar processing, the database may contain reflection patterns corresponding to ROVs built to industry standards.
The reflection patterns of ROVs built to industry standards may be assumed to be authorised, and reflection patterns of ROVs not built to industry standards may be defined as unauthorised. The results of the comparison may be included in the system output. As an example, industry ROVs are typically larger than hobby ROVs.
The database could therefore include a minimum size threshold, with ROVs below the minimum size being defined as unauthorised.
Where multiple sensor types are used, the result of one sensor's data processing could be used to trigger the activation of one or more different sensor types. For example, if an object is detected by a sonar sensor to have crossed a proximity threshold, this could be used to trigger the activation of a webcam on the seabed.
An operator at a topside location can then use the video data from the webcam to determine the nature of the sensed object, and take appropriate action.
Some sensor types, such as, for example, physical trips or switches, can bypass the processing stages entirely to save time. As a physical trip on the subsea asset itself would indicate an imminent threat to asset security, the activation of the trip could immediately lead to a system output without any intervening processing stage. It should be noted that a physical trip used in isolation would not fall within the scope of the invention, but physical trips may be used to supplement other sensors used in the invention, and to provide the double voting' capacity described above.
System output The system output may take the form of a visual display for a topside operator, a video feed for a topside operator, a text alert for a topside operator (including any information available on detected objects, such as distance, speed, bearing, vehicle type, etc.).
In the case where the subsea asset is a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well, the visual display could include map showing the layout of the well field, the locations of the wells in the field, and the position(s) of the sensor(s) relative to the wells. The map could also show the maximum range or range threshold of the sensor(s).
Where sensor ranges or range thresholds overlap, the detection of an object by multiple sensors could be used to triangulate or trilaterate the position of the object, and give an indication of a direction of the potential incursion into the field. The map could also include geographical and topographical data.
The topside operator may take appropriate action in response to the system output.
In the case where the subsea asset is a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well, an appropriate action may be the shutting down of well production. Alternatively, appropriate action may be the launching of defensive countermeasures to counteract any threat from the detected object, or the notification of an appropriate law enforcement authority or security response team.
The above examples are merely illustrative embodiments of the invention, and various alternatives and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (28)

  1. CLAIMS1. A method of detecting an incursion in relation to a subsea asset, comprising providing sensing means in association with the asset to produce an indication in response to the presence of an object, providing processing means to process indications from the sensing means and providing means which use results of the processing to provide an output characteristic of the object.
  2. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said sensing means comprises at least one of acoustic, sonar, radar electromagnetic and video sensing means.
  3. 3. A method according to either of claims 1 and 2, wherein the processing means is provided at a subsea location.
  4. 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the subsea asset comprises a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well facility.
  5. 5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the well facility comprises a subsea control module containing a subsea electronics module.
  6. 6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the subsea electronics module comprises the processing means.
  7. 7. A method according to either of claims 1 and 2, wherein the processing means is provided at a topside location.
  8. 8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the subsea asset comprises a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well facility.
  9. 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the well facility communicates with the surface via an umbilical.
  10. 10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the indication is transmitted to the topside processing means via existing communication cables in the umbilical.
  11. 11. A method according to any of claims 4 to 6 and 8 to 10, wherein the output triggers the automatic shutdown of the well facility.
    S
  12. 12. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the output triggers the activation of at least one further sensing means.
  13. 13. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein a physical trip is used to supplement the sensing means.
  14. 14. A system for of detecting an incursion in relation to a subsea asset, the system comprising sensing means associated with the asset to produce an indication in response to the presence of an object, processing means to process indications from the sensing means and means which use results of the processing to provide an output characteristic of the object.
  15. 15. A system according to claim 14, wherein said sensing means comprises at least one of acoustic, sonar, radar electromagnetic and video sensing means.
  16. 16. A system according to either of claims 14 and 15, wherein the processing means is provided at a subsea location.
  17. 17. A system according to claim 16, wherein the subsea asset comprises a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well facility.
  18. 18. A system according to claim 17, wherein the well facility comprises a subsea control module containing a subsea electronics module.
  19. 19. A system according to claim 18, wherein the subsea electronics module comprises the processing means.
  20. 20. A system according to either of claims 14 and 15, wherein the processing means is provided at a topside location.
  21. 21. A system according to claim 20, wherein the subsea asset comprises a subsea hydrocarbon extraction well facility.
  22. 22. A system according to claim 21, wherein the well facility communicates with the surface via an umbilical.
  23. 23. A system according to claim 22, wherein the indication is transmitted to the topside processing means via existing communication cables in the umbilical.
  24. 24. A system according to any of claims 17 to 19 and 21 to 23, wherein the output triggers the automatic shutdown of the well facility.
  25. 25. A system according to any of claims 14 to 24, wherein the output triggers the activation of at least one further sensing means.
  26. 26. A system according to any of claims 14 to 25, wherein a physical trip supplements the sensing means.
  27. 27. A method substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figure.
  28. 28. A system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figure.
GB1410299.0A 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset Withdrawn GB2527068A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1410299.0A GB2527068A (en) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset
PCT/EP2015/062864 WO2015189224A1 (en) 2014-06-10 2015-06-09 Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1410299.0A GB2527068A (en) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Proximity sensing in relation to a subsea asset

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GB2527068A true GB2527068A (en) 2015-12-16

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB202219704D0 (en) * 2022-12-23 2023-02-08 Subsea 7 Ltd Situational awareness and security during subsea interventions

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081784A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-03-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Omnidirectional monitor buoy
US4862427A (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-08-29 Ketema, Inc. Sonar system with area moving target indicator
US5886661A (en) * 1993-04-16 1999-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Submerged object detection and classification system
GB2468042A (en) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 Christopher Daniel Dowling Hickey Detection and identification of submerged vessels
WO2011056830A1 (en) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Michael Bruno Passive acoustic underwater intruder detection system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8819097D0 (en) * 1988-08-11 1988-09-14 Jones R Security system
US6813220B2 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-11-02 Science Applications International Corporation Acoustic fence
GB0802936D0 (en) * 2008-02-18 2008-06-04 Curtis Thomas E Underwater Surveillance

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081784A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-03-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Omnidirectional monitor buoy
US4862427A (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-08-29 Ketema, Inc. Sonar system with area moving target indicator
US5886661A (en) * 1993-04-16 1999-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Submerged object detection and classification system
GB2468042A (en) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 Christopher Daniel Dowling Hickey Detection and identification of submerged vessels
WO2011056830A1 (en) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Michael Bruno Passive acoustic underwater intruder detection system

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GB201410299D0 (en) 2014-07-23

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