GB2520837A

GB2520837A - Offshore foundation, method and apparatus for mounting protective member thereon

Info

Publication number: GB2520837A
Application number: GB1420304.6A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Gregory Van Hinsbergh
Original assignee: Tekmar Energy Ltd
Current assignee: Tekmar Energy Ltd
Priority date: 2013-11-15
Filing date: 2014-11-14
Publication date: 2015-06-03
Also published as: GB201420304D0; GB201320254D0

Abstract

Mounting apparatus 400 configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation , the mounting apparatus comprising first 402, second 404 and third 406 separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion 430, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion 432, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation 104, the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus, and wherein the first section further comprises a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said number of spacer elements 434. The apparatus may have one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROV). The apparatus may include flexible pipe or tubing.

Description

Offshore Foundation, Method and Apparatus for Mounting Protective Member Thereon [0001] This invention relates to an offshore foundation and in particular to an offshore foundation having a longitudinally extensive component, in particular a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, mounted thereon, to mounting apparatus for mounting the longitudinally extensive component, such as longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, to the offshore foundation and to methods of mounting the longitudinally extensive component, such as longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, to the offshore foundation.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Longitudinally extensive protection apparatus mounted to an offshore structure are, in general terms, known. By way of example, the offshore structure can be a structure associated with oil and gas extraction, or a structure associated with offshore wind energy, such as a foundation for a wind turbine generator. The longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be used to protect a longitudinally extensive service member as it ascends form the seabed to an upper part of a foundation. The longitudinally extensive service member can be a cable such as one or more of an electricity transmission cable and a fibre optic cable. The longitudinally extensive service member can be a pipe used for the supply to or from the foundation of fluids associated with oil and gas extraction such as production fluids or water.

[0003] Protection of the longitudinally extensive service member can be effected by means of an I-tube or J-tube mounted to the offshore foundation. I-tubes and J-tubes are well known and need not be described in detail. However, the use of I-tubes and J-tubes does present some problems. Notably, I-tubes and J-tubes can be made of steel and can have a service life which is limited by corrosion. Replacement of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can therefore be required before the longitudinally extensive service member has reached the end of its useful life. In other situations, the service life of the longitudinally extensive service member can be shorter than that of the l/J-tube, for example when an older cable is to be replaced with one conforming to more recent standards. Also, the interior of the I-tube or J-tube can include surface imperfections which can potentially damage the longitudinally extensive service member as it is drawn into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus. Further, the pulling loads required to draw the longitudinally extensive service member into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be high, requiring a powerful winch which must be located on the foundation. Installation temporarily of such a winch on the foundation is expensive, in particular as offshore sea and weather conditions can often limit the opportunities for such installation. Further, installation of the longitudinally extensive service member is usually effected from an adjacent vessel. The longitudinally extensive service member is paid out from the vessel and drawn upwardly through the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus from a lowermost end thereof located near to the seabed.

The longitudinally extensive service member forms a catenary in the water between the vessel and the I-tube or J-tube. A pinch point can occur near to the point of entry of the longitudinally extensive service member where careful control is required to avoid passing the minimum bend radius of the longitudinally extensive service member. Passing such minimum bend radius can cause serious damage to the longitudinally extensive service member.

[0004] The present invention in various embodiments seeks to alleviate or overcome one or more of the above problems.

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention provide that the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is in the form of a flexible pipe or tube which can form a protective duct for the longitudinally extensive service member. The flexible pipe or tube can, in some preferred embodiments, comprise or consist of a polymeric material. Embodiments of the invention relate to methods and apparatus for mounting such flexible longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to an offshore foundation.

[0006] Further embodiments of the invention can provide mounting or clamping arrangements or apparatus and associated methods attaching certain other longitudinally extensive components to an offshore structure.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0007] In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention the present invention there is provided a mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, at least one of the first and second sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation at least one of the first and third sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus each of the first, second and third sections including at least one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROy) for moving respective sections between the spaced apart and closely arranged positions.

[0008] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apait and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[0009] According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus and wherein the first section further comprises a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said selectable number of spacer elements.

[0010] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apart and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[00111 In some preferred embodiments the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section can each comprise a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section can be secureable to the body portion of the first section in any one of a plurality of rotational configurations whereby the axial angle of said through passage with respect to the body portion can be selected.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section each comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined, and wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are secureable to the body portion of the first section in any one of a plurality of rotational configurations whereby the axial angle of said through passage with respect to the body portion can be selected.

[0014] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apart and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments the first section can further comprise a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said selectable number of spacer elements.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments each of the first and second sections can comprise a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the profile of a portion of said attachment element, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said attachment element can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments each of the first, second and third sections can include at least one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROV) for moving respective sections between the a spaced apart position and a closely arranged position in which the respective sections can be conjoined.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments the respective formations of the first second and third sections can be passageways each respectively penetrable by a complementary formation of the WV.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments each passageway can be shaped and configured to receive a projecting tine-like complementary formation of the ROy.

[0020] In some preferred embodiments the respective passageways can be axially parallel.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments the first section can comprise a plurality of coplanar passageways.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments the second section can comprise a plurality of coplanar passageways.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments the respective passageways of the first and second sections can be arranged in parallel planes.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments the respective passageways of the first and third sections can be arranged in parallel planes.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments the mounting apparatus can further comprise fastening devices for retaining the respective sections in their conjoined condition.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments the fastening devices can comprise at least one threaded bolt fixedly mounted in one of the sections and at least one corresponding captively mounted threaded nut held in the section for conjoining with said one section.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments each of the first and second sections can comprise a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the profile of a portion of said attachment element, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said attachment element can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments each of the first and third sections can comprise a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments a compressible andlor resilient liner material can be disposed on respective concave surfaces.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments the first and third sections can comprise a polymeric material, preferably polyurethane.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments said mounting apparatus can be neutrally buoyant.

[0032] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a foundation for an offshore structure, the foundation including at least one mounting element comprising a structural substantially tubular element of the foundation, at least one mounting apparatus as defined in any the first to third aspects of the invention and a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus supported in said mounting apparatus.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments of this fourth aspect the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can comprise a longitudinally extensive flexible pipe or tube.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments the flexible pipe or tube can be a pipe or tube comprising or consisting of a polymeric material.

[0035] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a foundation for an offshore structure comprising a structural portion extending from proximate the seabed to a location above the sea surface, at least one longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member, said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus extending in an upwardly directed path from the seabed to at least said location above the sea surface, and a plurality of mounting apparatus attached at a first part thereof to said structural portion of the foundation and at a second part thereof to said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, wherein said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus comprises a flexible pipe or tube.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments of this fifth aspect the mounting apparatus can be as defined in any of the first to third aspects of the invention.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can contain therein a longitudinally extensive service member for connection to equipment or apparatus of the offshore structure mounted on the foundation.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive service member can comprise a cable for the transmission of electricity and/or a fibre optic cable.

[0039] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (i) supporting first and second sections of a mounting apparatus a preceding aspect of the invention in a spaced apart relative position on projecting moveable times of an ROV using the formations of the respective first and second sections, (ii) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and second sections together about a suitable supporting member of the foundation and securing the first and second sections to said supporting member; (iii) supporting first and third sections of the mounting apparatus in a spaced apart relative position on the projecting moveable times of the ROV using the formations of the respective first and third sections and (iv) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and third sections together about the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the foundation.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments the method can further comprise in steps (i) and (ii) securing a plurality of first and second sections to respective supporting members such that the first sections are in a predetermined relative alignment.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments the predetermined relative alignment can a substantially linear vertical alignment.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments wherein the respective first and second sections can be initially secured to respective supporting members to preliminary securing extent in which final positional adjustment relative to the securing member remains possible.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments the method can include the steps of securing an upper part of the a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus at a location above the sea surface at or proximate its final intended location of use and allowing the a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to hang by said upper part.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments the method can include the steps of connecting at least one tine of the ROV to at least one formation of the first section connecting at least one tine of the ROV to at least one formation of the third section and using the ROV to pull the third section with the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to a securing position with the first section.

[0045] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (i) securing first and second sections of the mounting apparatus of the second aspect of the invention to a supporting member of the offshore foundation; (ii) before or after step (i), mounting a selected number of spacer elements to said first section to determine a spacing between the body portion of the first section and the service member receiving portion; (üi) securing the third section and the service member receiving portion about a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the offshore foundation.

[0046] According to a eighth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (i) securing first and second sections of the mounting apparatus of the third aspect of the invention to a supporting member of the offshore foundation; (ii) securing the service member receiving portion of the first section and the third section about a longitudinally extensive service member thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the offshore foundation; and (iii) before or after step (ii), selecting one of a plurality of rotational configurations of the service member receiving portion of the first section and the third section to determine the axial angle with respect to the body portion of the through passage formed by the service member receiving portion and the third section within which the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is retained.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can comprise a longitudinally extensive flexible pipe or tube.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments the flexible pipe or tube can be a pipe or tube comprising or consisting of a polymeric material.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments the method as can further comprise the step of installing a longitudinally extensive service member within said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, for connection to equipment or apparatus of the offshore structure mounted on the foundation.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive service member can comprise a cable for the transmission of electricity and/or a fibre optic cable.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments the step of installing the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be effected before the step of closing the respective first and third sections together about the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the foundation.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, for installing the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, an end of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be taken aboard a vessel located proximate the foundation and the longitudinally extensive service member is fed into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus from said vessel.

[0053] According to a ninth aspect of the present invention there is provided mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive armoured service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, at least one of the first and second sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation at least one of the first and third sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of said longitudinally extensive armoured service member to the mounting apparatus each of the first, second and third sections including at least one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROy) for moving respective sections between the spaced apart and closely arranged positions.

[0054] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apart and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[0055] According to an tenth aspect of the present invention there is provided a mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive armoured service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive armoured service member to the mounting apparatus and wherein the first section further comprises a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said selectable number of spacer elements.

[0056] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apart and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[0057] According to a eleventh aspect of the present invention there is provided mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive armoured service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive armoured service member to the mounting apparatus wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section each comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive armoured service member, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined, and wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are secureable to the body portion of the first section in any one of a plurality of rotational configurations whereby the axial angle of said through passage with respect to the body portion can be selected.

[0058] The respective first and second sections, and/or the respective first and third sections can, when in their relatively spaced apart and a position, be unconnected. That is, in the relatively spaced apart and a position there is no physical connection or linkage (such as a hinge) between the respective sections.

[0059] According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of installing a longitudinally extensive armoured service member on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (i) supporting first and second sections of a mounting apparatus of a preceding aspect of the invention, in a spaced apart relative position on projecting moveable times of an ROV using the formations of the respective first and second sections, (ii) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and second sections together about a suitable supporting member of the foundation and securing the first and second sections to said supporting member; (iii) supporting first and third sections of the mounting apparatus in a spaced apart relative position on the projecting moveable times of the ROV using the formations of the respective first and third sections and (iv) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and third sections together about the longitudinally extensive armoured service member thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive armoured service member to the foundation.

[0060] Embodiments of the first, second third and sixth aspects of the invention are applicable mutatis mutandis respectively to the ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth aspects of the invention, noting the absence in the ninth to twelfth aspects of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus and the presence of the longitudinally extensive armoured service member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Embodiments of the invention are further described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a view of a mounting apparatus according to embodiments of the invention; Figure 2 is a view of a portion of a foundation including mounting apparatus according to embodiments of the invention; Figure 3 is a view of a mounting apparatus according to other embodiments of the invention; Figure 4 is a view of a mounting apparatus similar that that of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a view of a part of a foundation according to embodiments of the invention having longitudinally extensive protection apparatus attached thereto by mounting apparatus according to embodiments of the invention; Figure 6 is a general schematic view of a typical offshore foundation having a protected longitudinally extensive service member attached thereto; Figure 7A is a plan view of a mounting apparatus according to embodiments of the invention; Figures 7B and 7C are the same as figure 7A, with simplified legends to highlight further features Figure BA is an end view of the mounting apparatus of Figure 7; Figure BB is the same as figure 8A, with simplified legends to highlight further features Figure 9 is a front plan view of the mounting apparatus of Figure 7; Figure 10 is a perspective view of the mounting apparatus of Figure 7; Figure 11 is a schematic side view of one ROV suitable for use with methods and apparatus of the invention; Figure 12 is a front view of the apparatus of Figure 11; and Figure 13 shows an example of an installation method for the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus.

[0062] Referring initially to Figures 5 and 6, a typical offshore foundation 100, 200 can be mounted on the seabed 10 and can extend upwardly to a height above the water surface 40, typically to a height above the maximum predicted wave height for the offshore location. Floating foundations are also known and embodiments of the present invention can be applied to such floating foundations.

[0063] A platform or the like 30 can usefully be provided at a top part of the foundation 100, 200. Platform 30 can provide a point of access and a working location for operational personnel on the foundation as and when required. An offshore device and associated apparatus and equipment can be mounted on the foundation 100, 200. Figure 6 indicates generally a column 20 of a wind turbine generator as the offshore device.

[0064] In a typical construction of an offshore foundation 100, 200, the foundation 100, can comprise a plurality of upright legs 102, 202 which are mounted to the seabed 10 and extend upwardly therefrom to a location above the water surface 40. Legs 102, 202 can be inclined with respect to the vertical so that the cross sectional area of the foundation 100 is less at a top part than at a lower part.

[0065] Foundation 100, 200 constructions including three or four legs 102, 202 are also typical. Legs 102, 202 can be connected in a lattice of structural elements such as cross-members or spars 104, 204. Foundations of lattice type construction are often referred to as a "jacket".

[0066] For the supply of services to or from the apparatus and equipment mounted on the foundation, a longitudinally extensive service member 50 can be provided. Service member 50 can be a pipe for the transmission of fluids (e.g. production fluids where the foundation is in respect of an oil or gas extraction installation), a cable for the transmission of electricity or a fibre optic cable. In some preferred embodiments, a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is provided for the longitudinally extensive service member 50. In these embodiments the longitudinally extensive service member can be contained within the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus.

[0067] Longitudinally extensive service member can extend along the seabed 10 (or can be buried under the seabed 10 for a portion of its length) and can rise from the seabed 10 upwardly on the foundation 100, 200 to reach a termination at or above the top of the foundation 100, 200 where it can be connected to apparatus or equipment mounted on the foundation 100, 200.

[0068] At least the portion of the longitudinally extensive service member 50 extending from the seabed 10 to the top of the foundation 100, 200 can usefully be protected from damage by the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. In embodiments of the invention, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be a pipe or tube which can form a duct in which the longitudinally extensive service member 50 is contained. In some preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be a polymeric pipe or tube, such as, for example, a pipe or tube formed from HDPE, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride. In some preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can comprise a single, unitary, pipe or tube. In other preferred embodiments the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be formed from a plurality of conjoined pipe or tube sections.

[0069] Each longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be attached to a structural element of the foundation 100, 200, such as to a spar 104, 204 by a suitable attachment device or mounting apparatus. A plurality of mounting apparatus can typically be required for a given longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 to ensure that the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 is safely and securely mounted to the foundation 100, 200.

[0070] Examples of mounting apparatus according to embodiments of the invention are shown in Figures ito 4 and 7 to 10.

[0071] Figure 1 shows a mounting apparatus 300 of a first type according to embodiments of the invention attached to a spar 104 and supporting a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60.

[0072] Figure 3 shows a mounting apparatus 400 of a second type according to embodiments of the invention attached to a spar 104 and supporting a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60.

[0073] Figure 2 shows a foundation having spars 104 with, respectively, mounting apparatus of the first and second types 300, 400 supporting longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60.

[0074] The mounting apparatus 300 of the first type is configured for mounting a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 which extends in a generally vertical plane to a spar 104 which extends generally horizontally.

[0075] The mounting apparatus 400 of the second type can support a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 extending in a generally vertical plane and can be mounted to a spar 104 which extends at any of a range of angles with respect to the horizontal.

[0076] Referring in particular to Figures 7 to 10, the mounting apparatus 300 of the first type can comprise first, second and third sections 302, 304, 306. First and second sections 302, 304 can be joined together for attachment of the mounting apparatus 300 to a spar 104. First and third sections 302, 306 can be joined together for attachment of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 to the mounting apparatus 300.

[0077] In one preferred arrangement, the first section 302 and the second section 304 include respective fastening devices which can be attached or fastened together in order to secure the first and second sections 302, 304 in a conjoined condition for attachment to the spar 104.

[0078] Similarly in a preferred arrangement, the first section 302 and the third section 306 include respective fastening devices which can be attached or fastened together in order to secure the first and third sections 302, 306 in a conjoined condition for attachment of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60.

[0079] In these arrangements, one of the respective sections (302, 304) (302, 306) can include an embedded threaded member such as a bolt and the other of the sections (304, 302), (306, 302) can include a captive threaded head 308, such as a nut, which engages the threaded member. The respective sections can be tightened together into the conjoining position by rotation of the captive threaded head 308 or the threaded member.

[0080] The first section 302 and the second section 304 can each include one of a pair of concave surfaces 310, 312 which can be configured to conform at least generally to the external profile of the spar 104 to which the mounting apparatus 300 is to be attached. In the illustrated example, the spar 104 is of cylindrical profile and accordingly the concave surface 310, 312 can be configured to be at least generally cylindrical. Thus, when the first and second sections 302, 304 are conjoined the surfaces 310, 310 define, at least in part a void or passageway of generally cylindrical profile in which void the spar 104 can operatively be retained.

[0081] The first section 302 and the third section 306 can each include one of a pair of concave surfaces 314, 316 which can be configured to conform at least generally to the external profile of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 which is to be mounted to the mounting apparatus 300. In the illustrated example, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 is of cylindrical profile and accordingly the concave surfaces 314, 316 can be configured to be at least generally cylindrical. Thus, when the first and third sections 302, 306 are conjoined the surfaces 314, 316 define, at least in part a void or passageway of generally cylindrical profile in which void the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can operatively be retained.

[0082] In some preferred embodiments the concave surfaces 310, 312 can be lined with a compressible or resilient material such a web of rubber, rubber composite, synthetic rubber or the like. Said material can accommodate imperfections in the external profile of the spar 104 and can avoid damage to the spar 104.

[0083] In some preferred embodiments the concave surfaces 314, 316 can be lined with a compressible or resilient material such a web of rubber, rubber composite, synthetic rubber or the like. Said material can accommodate imperfections in the external profile of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 and can avoid damage to the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60.

[0084] In some preferred embodiments, each of the first second and third sections 302, 304, 306 is neutrally buoyant in water (especially in sea water) and the mounting assembly 300 is also neutrally buoyant in water.

[0085] In some preferred embodiments the first second and third sections are each principally made from a plastic material, more especially a polyurethane (PU) material.

[0086] First section 302 can be provided with first and second formations 318A, 318B, each configured to cooperate with a complementary formation 502 of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROy) 500.

[0087] Similarly, second section 304 can be provided with first and second formations 320A, 320B, each configured to cooperate with a complementary formation 502 of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROV) 500.

[0088] Also, third section 306 can be provided with at least one formation 322 configured to cooperate with a complementary formation 502 of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROV) 500.

[0089] Each of the formations (31 BA, B), (320A, B) and (322) can take any form convenient for cooperation with the corresponding complementary formation 502 of the ROy. In some preferred embodiments, the complementary formations 502 of the ROV can be in the form of projecting times, similar in general terms to the lifting forks of a fork lift truck. Advantageously, therefore, in embodiments of the invention the formations can be in the forms of recesses, passageways, bores or slots configured to accommodate such projecting tines. In some preferred arrangements formations (318A, B), (320A, B) and (322) can be in the form of through passageways or slots. Thus a given formation (tine) 502 of the ROV can penetrate and pass through a given passageway or slot (31 BA, B), (320A, B) and (322).

[0090] In the construction illustrated in Figures 7 to 10 and in accordance with one preferred arrangement, the first section 302 can comprise two formations 318A and two formations 318B. Each of the two formations 318A can be axially aligned with the other.

Likewise each of the two formations 31 8B can be axially aligned with the other. In this way, a single complementary formation (tine) 502 of the ROV 500 can enter both formations 318A and another single complementary formation (tine) 502 of the ROV 500 can enter both formations 318B.

[0091] In similar manner, the second section 304 can comprise two formations 320A and two formations 320B. A single complementary formation (tine) 502 can enter each respective pair of formations 320A, 320B.

[0092] In similar manner again the formations 322 of the third section 306 can be axially aligned allowing a single complementary formation (tine) 502 of the ROV 500 to enter both formations 322.

[0093] In preferred arrangements, the respective formations 318A, 318B of the first section 302 can be arranged in the same plane. In Figures 7B and 8B, formations 318A, 3188 are shown in the same plane B-B.

[0094] In preferred arrangements, the respective formations 320A, 320B of the second section 304 can be arranged in the same plane. In Figures 7B and 8B, formations 320A, 320B are shown in the same plane A-A.

[0095] In preferred arrangements, the respective formations 322 of the third section 306 can be arranged in the same plane. In Figures 7B and 8B, formations 322 are shown in the same plane C-C.

[0096] In preferred arrangements, when the first and second sections 302, 304 are in their conjoined condition, the plane containing the formations 318A, 318B of the first section 302 (plane B-B in Figures) 7B and 8B is parallel to, and spaced apart from, the plane containing the formations 320A, 32DB of the second section 304 (plane A-A in Figures 7B and8B).

[0097] In preferred arrangements, when the first and third sections 302, 306 are in their conjoined condition, the plane containing the formations 318A, 318B of the first section 302 (plane B-B in Figures) 7B and SB is parallel to, and spaced apart from, the plane containing the formations 322 of the third section 304 (plane C-C in Figures 7B and SB).

[0098] In some preferred arrangements, the lateral spacing Li of the formations 320A, 32DB of the second section 304 is different to the lateral spacing L2 of the formations 318A. 318B of the first section 302. Specifically in these arrangements a plane containing the formations 320A of the second section 304 and orthogonal to the plane containing all the formations 320A, 32DB does not pass through a formation 318A or 318B of the first section 302 and likewise a plane containing the formations 32DB of the second section 304 and orthogonal to the plane containing all the formations 320A, 320B does not pass through a formation 318A or 31 8B of the first section 302. Similarly in some preferred arrangements such orthogonal planes do not pass through a formation 322 of the third section 306. Such constructions can facilitate the arrangement and operation of the complementary formations (tines) 502 of the ROV 500.

[0099] A basic construction of an ROV useful for operating with the mounting apparatus according to the present invention is shown in Figures 11 and 12. Figures 11 and 12 show the ROV schematically, since constructional details or ROVs as such are known to the skilled person and need not be elucidated here. Thus the ROV 500 can include a main body portion 504 to which are mounted complementary formations (such as tines) 502. In the presently shown example, four complementary formations 502 are shown. Other numbers of complementary formations can be useful in particular circumstances. A first pair of complementary formations 502A can be mounted on a first carriage 506. A second pair of complementary formations 502B can be mounted on a second carriage 508. The position of the complementary formations 502A and the complementary formations 502B can be adjusted laterally on their respective carriages 506, 508 as generally indicated by arrows H. Carriages 506, 508 can each be mounted on respective adjustment arrangements 510, 512 which permit longitudinal positional adjustment of the carriages 506, 508 (and consequently of the complementary formations 502A, 502B) in a direction generally indicated by arrows V, which direction is perpendicular to the direction of arrows H. Other constructions by means of which the respective complementary formations 502 can be positionally adjusted will be familiar to one skilled in the art and the construction of the ROV is not limited to that described above.

[00100] Thus for manipulating a first section 302 or a second section 304 the complementary a respective pair of formations 502A or 502B can be set at lateral spacing corresponding to the respective spacing Li or L2 of the formations 320A, 32DB or 318A, 318B as appropriate. For manipulating the first section 302 one of the pair of complementary formations (502A or 502B) can then be inserted into both formations 3i8A at the same time as the other of the pair of complementary formations can be inserted into both formations 3i8B. Similarly, for manipulating the second section 304 one of the pair of iO complementary formations (502A or 502B) can then be inserted into both formations 320A at the same time as the other of the pair of complementary formations can be inserted into both formations 320B.

[00101] In the above described arrangement both of the first and second sections 302, 304 can be carried on the ROy. One of the respective sections can be carried on the pair i5 of complementary formations 502A and the other of the respective sections can be carried on the pair of complementary formations 502B. The respective first and second sections 302, 304 are carried in spaced apart relation, with the respective concave surfaces 310, 312 facing one another.

[00102] With the respective first and second sections 302, 304 so carried, the ROV can approach the foundation 100, 200 and reach a position in which the first and second sections 302, 304 are arranged on either side of a structural element or spar i04, 204 of the foundation 100, 200. The complementary formations 502 can then be closed together (arrow V) so that the concave surfaces 310, 312 are brought into contact with the spar 104, 204. The respective first and second sections can then be secured together using the fastening devices. In useful arrangements, the ROV can include a tool adapted to rotate the captive threaded heads 308 so that the heads 308 engage their respective threaded member of the opposing section 302, 304. In alternative constructions, the ROV can include a tool adapted to rotate the respective threaded members.

[00103] At this time, the ROV 500 can also be used to adjust the vertical alignment of the secured first and second sections, with respect to other already secured first and second sections. In this respect, the first and second sections 302, 304 can be tightened together about the spar 104, 204 only to a preliminary extent, so that such adjustment remains possible, with final tightening to a final secured condition following later.

[00104] It is noted that the relative spacing of the formations 3i8 is known, as is the relative spacing of the formations 320. Thus the complementary formations 502 can initially be set to match the spacing of the formations 318, 320. Also the lateral position of the pair of complementary formations 502A, with respect to the pair of complementary formations 502B can be set initially to correspond to the lateral positioning of the formations 318, 320 when the first and second sections are in their secured condition. In this way, when the first and second sections 302, 304 are brought together for securing on the spar 104, 204, the sections 302, 304 are necessarily in the correct alignment with respect to each other and no further adjustment is required. In this way, for example, the captive threaded heads 308 can automatically seat on their corresponding threaded members.

[00105] After the first and second sections 302, 304 have been secured to a suitable spar 104, 204, and when a sufficient number of first and second sections of mounting apparatus have been secured in their respective positions, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be secured in position by means of the third section 306. Attachment of the third sections 306 follows broadly the same procedural steps as for attachment of the first and second sections 302, 304. Thus the third section can be carried on a complementary formation 502 of the ROV 500 via formations 322. Other complementary formations 502 of the ROV can be inserted into the respective formations 318 of the first section 302 and the ROV draws the third section 306 to the first sections 302, capturing the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 between the respective concave surfaces 314, 316 of the first and third sections 302, 306. The first and third sections 302, 306 can be secured together by suitable fastening means which can be as described in relation to the first and second sections 302, 304.

[00106] When positioning of respective mounting apparatus 300 on the foundation is satisfactory, final tightening of the securing devices can occur so that the final securing configuration of the mounting apparatus is achieved, with the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 secured on the foundations 100, 200 by way of the mounting apparatus 300.

[00107] The above described mounting apparatus 300 is typically adapted to secure a longitudinally extensive protections apparatus 60 which is arranged generally vertically to a spar 104, 204 which is arranged generally horizontally. However, not all structural elements (spars 104, 204) to which a mounting apparatus of the invention is to be secured are arranged horizontally. Another embodiment of the mounting apparatus is configured to be adjustable to accommodate structural elements 104, 204 which are not horizontal.

Some embodiments of mounting apparatus 400 of this type are shown in Figures 3 and 4 [00108] With particular reference to Figures 3 and 4, the mounting apparatus 400 includes a first section 402 and a second section 404. The first section 402 and the second section 404 can each include one of a pair of concave surfaces 410, 412 which can be configured to conform at least generally to the external profile of the spar 104, 204 to which the mounting apparatus 400 is to be attached. In the illustrated example, the spar 104, 204 is of cylindrical profile and accordingly the concave surfaces 410, 412 can be configured to be at least generally cylindrical. Thus, when the first and second sections 402, 404 are conjoined by suitable fastening devices the surfaces 410, 410 define, at least in part a void or passageway of generally cylindrical profile in which void the spar 104, 204 can operatively be retained.

[00109] In these respects, the first and second sections 402, 404 of the mounting apparatus 400 can be functionally and constructionally similar to the first and second sections 302, 304 of the mounting apparatus 300 described above. Mounting apparatus 400 can, in some embodiments, not include the formations for cooperation with corresponding complementary formations of an ROy, for example, in cases where means other than an ROV -such as divers -are used for installation of the mounting apparatus 400.

[00110] First section 402 can include a body portion 430 and a service member receiving portion 432. Service member receiving portion can cooperate with a third section 406 to retain the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. Thus the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 can each include one of a pair of concave surfaces 414, 416 which can be configured to conform at least generally to the external profile of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 to which is to be retained by the mounting apparatus 400. In the illustrated example and in accordance with some preferred embodiments, longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 is of cylindrical profile and accordingly the concave surfaces 414, 416 can be configured to be at least generally cylindrical. Thus, when the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 are conjoined by suitable fastening devices the surfaces 414, 416 define, at least in part a void or passageway of generally cylindrical profile in which void longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can operatively be retained.

[00111] Arranged between the body portion 430 and the service member receiving portion 432 can be one or more spacers 434. Spacers 434 can conveniently be generally cylindrical and can be stackable or nestable. The provision of the one or more spacers 434 allows the spacing of the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 to be varied in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spar 104, 204, for example to accommodate other features of, or equipment mounted on, the foundation 100, 200, or simply to facilitate access to the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 for securing of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 thereto.

[00112] Some embodiments can include no spacers 434. The service member receiving portion 432 can then be attached directly to the body portion 430 of the first section 402.

[00113] Where present, the number of spacers 434 can be selected to determine and to achieve a desired spacing of the service member receiving portion 432 from the body portion 430. The number of spacers 434 to be employed with a given mounting apparatus can be selected in advance, such as at an installation design stage, in accordance with the particular requirements of a given installation location.

[00114] In some preferred configurations, the body portion 430 can have extending therefrom a plurality of fastening members, such as threaded bolts or the like, which extend orthogonally with respect to the spar 104, 204 towards the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406. For example, two such bolts can be provided. Each spacer can then include a number of through bores corresponding to, or greater than, the number of fastening members. The spacers 434 are mounted to the first section by receiving the fastening members in the through bores.

[00115] In some preferred arrangements the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 can also include a plurality of through bores which can accommodate the fastening members. In some preferred arrangements the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 can each include a multiplicity of such bores, such that the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 can be mounted to the first section 402 in any of a number of angular configurations (indicated by arrow "R") about an axis shown in Figure 4 as "X" which extends orthogonally with respect to axes of the spar 104, 204 and the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. In this way an angular configuration for the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 can be selected which accommodates the angle of the spar 104, 204 to which the mounting apparatus 400 is attached and which enables the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 to be mounted in a generally vertical plane. Similarly a non-vertical orientation of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be accommodated if desired.

[00116] Suitable cooperating retaining devices, such as captive nuts can engage the threaded end portions of the fastening members to attach the service member receiving portion 432 and the third section 406 and (where present) the spacer or spacers 434 to the first section 430.

[00117] Figure 13 shows one stage in the installation of a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60, according to some embodiments of the invention. In Figure 13 the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 has been attached to the foundation using mounting apparatus 300 and/or 400 according to the invention. A lower end 62 of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 which, in its final position of use, lies on (or buried under) the seabed 10 can be taken aboard a vessel 600 which is located near to the foundation 100. The longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be provided with a messenger line 650 which extends through longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. The messenger line can be used to draw a longitudinally extensive service member into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. An end of the messenger line extending from lower end 62 can be connected to the longitudinally extensive service member. The other end of the messenger line 650 can be connected to a pulling device such as a winch 660. The winch 660 is advantageously, but not essentially, located on the vessel 600. The longitudinally extensive service member can be paid out from a store on the vessel and through the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 until a leading end of the longitudinally extensive service member arrives at its position of use proximate the top of foundation 100.

[00118] In the embodiment of Figure 13 the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 is shown attached to the foundation 100 by mounting apparatus 300, 400 of the invention, prior to installation therein of the longitudinally extensive service member. In other embodiments, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be secured to the foundation 100, 200 only at an upper end, proximate the top of the foundation prior to installation of the longitudinally extensive service member. After installation of the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be secured to the foundation 100, 200 using the mounting apparatus 300, 400 according to the invention. In some preferred arrangements, the first and second sections of the respective mounting apparatus 300, 400 can be secured to the foundation 100, 200 prior to installation of the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60. After installation of the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be secured to the foundation 100, 200 by attaching the third section to the first section of the respective mounting apparatus 300, 400 according to the invention.

[00119] In further variations according to embodiments of the invention the mounting apparatus can be used without employing an ROy. In these embodiments the mounting apparatus can be secured to the foundation, and the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 can be secured by the mounting apparatus by divers. In these embodiments the respective formations (318A, B), (320A, B) and (322) are also advantageous. In particular the respective formations can receive straps (in particular, ratchet straps) or the like which can be used by the divers to move the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus 60 into position so that it can be secured by the first and second sections of the mounting apparatus.

[00120] In still further variations according to embodiments of the invention, the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be unnecessary and can be absent. In certain specific cases, the longitudinally extensive service member may be sufficiently robust not to require the presence of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus. In these specific cases, the longitudinally extensive service member may include armour layers or the like which provide the longitudinally extensive service member with sufficient inherent strength and robustness. For example the longitudinally extensive service member can be an armoured cable. In these particular cases the longitudinally extensive service member can be mounted directly to the mounting apparatus without the intervention of a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus. Thus in these particular cases the longitudinally extensive service member can be mounted to the foundation in the same way as described above in relation to the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus (except, of course, the step of inserting the longitudinally extensive service member into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus).

[00121] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words comprise" and "contain" and variations of them mean "including but not limited to", and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps.

Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.

[00122] Features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments.

The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

[00123] The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

CLAIMS 1.
2. Mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus and wherein the first section further comprises a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said selectable number of spacer elements.
3. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the service member receiving poition of the first section and third section each comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.
4. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are secureable to the body portion of the first section in any one of a plurality of rotational configurations whereby the axial angle of said through passage with respect to the body portion can be selected.
5. Mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, wherein the first section comprises a body portion, an attachment element receiving portion and a service member receiving portion, the first and second sections are conjoinable for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are conjoinable for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section each comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined, and wherein the service member receiving portion of the first section and third section are secureable to the body portion of the first section in any one of a plurality of rotational configurations whereby the axial angle of said through passage with respect to the body portion can be selected.
6. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein the first section further comprises a selectable number of spacer elements disposed between the body portion and the service member receiving portion whereby a spacing between the body portion and the service member receiving portion is determinable by selection of said selectable number of spacer elements.
7. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim any of claims 1 to 5 wherein each of the first and second sections comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the profile of a portion of said attachment element, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said attachment element can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.
8. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 wherein each of the first, second and third sections includes at least one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROV) for moving respective sections between the a spaced apart position and a closely arranged position in which the respective sections can be conjoined.
9. Mounting apparatus configured to mount a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member to an attachment element of an offshore foundation, the mounting apparatus comprising first, second and third separable and conjoinable sections, at least one of the first and second sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of the mounting apparatus to said attachment element of the offshore foundation at least one of the first and third sections being moveable between a position in which the respective sections are relatively spaced apart and a position in which the respective sections are arranged closely together and can be conjoined for attachment of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the mounting apparatus each of the first, second and third sections including at least one formation configured to cooperate with a complementary formation of a remotely operable submersible vehicle (ROy) for moving respective sections between the spaced apart and closely arranged positions.
10. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 7 or claim 8 wherein the respective formations of the first second and third sections are passageways each respectively penetrable by a complementary formation of the ROy.
11. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein each passageway is shaped and configured to receive a projecting tine-like complementary formation of the ROy.
12. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 9 or 10 wherein the respective passageways are axially parallel.
13. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 9, 10 or 11 wherein the first section comprises a plurality of coplanar passageways.
14. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any of claims 9 to 12 wherein the second section comprises a plurality of coplanar passageways.
15. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any of claims 9 to 13 wherein the respective passageways of the first and second sections are arranged in parallel planes.
16. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any of claims 9 to 14 wherein the respective passageways of the first and third sections are arranged in parallel planes.
17. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising fastening devices for retaining the respective sections in their conjoined condition.
18. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 16 wherein the fastening devices comprise at least one threaded bolt fixedly mounted in one of the sections and at least one corresponding captively mounted threaded nut held in the section for conjoining with said one section.
19. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 8 or any of claims 9 to 17 when dependent on claim 8 wherein each of the first and second sections comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the profile of a portion of said attachment element, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said attachment element can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.
20. Mounting apparatus as claimed in claim 8 or 18 or any of claims 9 to 17 when dependent on claim 8 wherein each of the first and third sections comprises a concave surface defining an open concavity configured to at least approximately conform with the external profile of a portion of said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, the respective concave surfaces substantially defining a through passage in which said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus can be received as the first and second section are conjoined.
21. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any of claims 2 to 6, 18 or 19 wherein a compressible and/or resilient liner material is disposed on respective concave surfaces.
22. Mounting apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the first and third sections comprise a polymeric material, preferably polyurethane.
23. Mounting apparatus as claimed in preceding claim wherein said mounting apparatus is neutrally buoyant.
24. A foundation for an offshore structure, the foundation including at least one mounting element comprising a structural substantially tubular element of the foundation, at least one mounting apparatus as defined in any of claims ito 20 and a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus supported in said mounting apparatus.
25. A foundation as claimed in claim 23 wherein the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus comprises a longitudinally extensive flexible pipe or tube.
26. A foundation as claimed in claim 24 wherein the flexible pipe or tube is a pipe or tube comprising or consisting of a polymeric material.
27. A foundation for an offshore structure comprising a structural portion extending from proximate the seabed to a location above the sea surface, at least one longitudinally extensive protection apparatus for protecting a longitudinally extensive service member, said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus extending in an upwardly directed path from the seabed to at least said location above the sea surface, and a plurality of mounting apparatus attached at a first part thereof to said structural portion of the foundation and at a second part thereof to said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, wherein said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus comprises a flexible pipe or tube.
28. A foundation as claimed in claim 24 wherein the mounting apparatus is as defined in any of claims ito 22
29. A foundation as claimed in any of claims 23 to 27 wherein said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus contains therein a longitudinally extensive service member for connection to equipment or apparatus of the offshore structure mounted on the foundation.
30. A foundation as claimed in claim 28 wherein the longitudinally extensive service member comprises a cable for the transmission of electricity and/or a fibre optic cable.
31. A method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (i) supporting first and second sections of a mounting apparatus of any of claim 8, or any of claims 9 to 22 when dependant of claim 8, in a spaced apart relative position on projecting moveable tines of an ROV using the formations of the respective first and second sections, (ü) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and second sections together about a suitable supporting member of the foundation and securing the first and second sections to said supporting member; (iii) supporting first and third sections of the mounting apparatus in a spaced apart relative position on the projecting moveable times of the ROV using the formations of the respective first and third sections and (iv) moving the tines of the ROV thereby to close the respective first and third sections together about the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the foundation.
32. A method as claimed in claim 30 further comprising in steps (i) and (ii) securing a plurality of first and second sections to respective supporting members such that the first sections are in a predetermined relative alignment.
33. A method as claimed in claim 31 wherein the predetermined relative alignment is a substantially linear vertical alignment.
34. A method as claimed in claim 31 or 32 wherein the respective first and second sections are initially secured to respective supporting members to preliminary securing extent in which final positional adjustment relative to the securing member remains possible.
35. A method as claimed in any of claims 30 to 33 including the steps of securing an upper part of the a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus at a location above the sea surface at or proximate its final intended location of use and allowing the a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to hang by said upper part.
36. A method as claimed in claim 34 further comprising: connecting at least one tine of the ROV to at least one formation of the first section connecting at least one tine of the ROV to at least one formation of the third section and using the ROV to pull the third section with the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to a securing position with the first section.
37. A method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (iv) securing first and second sections of the mounting apparatus claim ito a supporting member of the offshore foundation; (v) before or after step (i), mounting a selected number of spacer elements to said first section to determine a spacing between the body portion of the first section and the service member receiving portion; (vi) securing the third section and the service member receiving portion about a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the offshore foundation.
38. A method of installing a longitudinally extensive protection apparatus on an offshore foundation, the method comprising: (iv) securing first and second sections of the mounting apparatus of claim 4 to a supporting member of the offshore foundation; (v) securing the service member receiving portion of the first section and the third section about a longitudinally extensive service member thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the offshore foundation; and (vi) before or after step (ii), selecting one of a plurality of rotational configurations of the service member receiving portion of the first section and the third section to determine the axial angle with respect to the body portion of the through passage formed by the service member receiving portion and the third section within which the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is retained.
39. A method as claimed in any of claims 30 to 37 wherein the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus comprises a longitudinally extensive flexible pipe or tube.
40. A method as claimed in claim 38 wherein the flexible pipe or tube is a polymeric pipe or tube.
41. A method as claimed in any of claims 30 to 39 further comprising the step of installing a longitudinally extensive service member within said longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, for connection to equipment or apparatus of the offshore structure mounted on the foundation.
42. A method as claimed in claim 40 wherein the longitudinally extensive service member comprises a cable for the transmission of electricity and/or a fibre optic cable.
43. A method as claimed in claim 40 or4l wherein the step of installing the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is effected before the step of closing the respective first and third sections together about the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus thereby to secure the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus to the foundation.
44. A method as claimed in claim 40, 41 or 42 when dependent on claim 34 wherein for installing the longitudinally extensive service member in the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus, an end of the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus is taken aboard a vessel located proximate the foundation and the longitudinally extensive service member is fed into the longitudinally extensive protection apparatus from said vessel.