GB2520109A - 4-stroke, glow plug & compression ignited, semi-diesel engines with active glow plug technology - Google Patents
4-stroke, glow plug & compression ignited, semi-diesel engines with active glow plug technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2520109A GB2520109A GB1414776.3A GB201414776A GB2520109A GB 2520109 A GB2520109 A GB 2520109A GB 201414776 A GB201414776 A GB 201414776A GB 2520109 A GB2520109 A GB 2520109A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- combustion
- sensing
- glow plugs
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
- F02P19/021—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
- F02P19/023—Individual control of the glow plugs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/027—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using knock sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
- F02D41/3041—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode with means for triggering compression ignition, e.g. spark plug
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
- F02P19/025—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
- F02P19/026—Glow plug actuation during engine operation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
- G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
- G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A four-stroke cycle or Wankel cycle internal combustion engine is connected to at least one controlled adiabatic engines and comprises at least one control system for controlling the internal combustion and adiabatic engines, wherein at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine comprises at least one glow plug 8, 9 connected to a power supply from a motor generator 2, 3. The engine may comprise means for sensing voltage change across a glow plug or means for sensing combustion misfire, said means being connected to control means connected to actuating devices for varying the voltage or frequency of the electric power supply to the glow plugs. The engine may comprise on and off switching means in the power supply connected via control means to means sensing the cycle position of the engine and preferably sensing combustion ignition.
Description
4-STROKE, GLOW PLUG & COMPRESSION IGNITED, SEMI-DIESEL ENGINES with ACTIVE GLOW PLUG TECHNOLOGY.
This invention relates to 4-stroke, or Wankel, diesel engines having Bayram's invention 0B1209146.8 for improving their com-bustion efficiency -filed on the 23rd of May, 2011, and titled "Control of a Diesel Engine's Exhaust Condition to Improve S Catalytic Converter Efficacy". Such control, and the mechanical means therein, obviates the widely varying combustion tempera-tures (sometimes very low) that otherwise occurs in diesels such that, once started, combustion temperatures might then be sufficiently high to sustain a residual glow in electrically disconnected, or non-connected, glow plug, or glow filamentf elements from post combustion event through to ignition commen-cement (particularly if pistons are insulated with end-grain balsawood, or a substitute thereof, which thereby contains and retains more cylinder combustion heat than otherwise). In such ways glow plug, cylinder, piston crown and exhaust gas residual heats prior combustion would assist compression heat ignition of cylinder air/fuel (a/f) charges so that lower cylinder com-pression ratios (c.r.'s) might be used than hitherto which, in turn, enables the use of significantly higher volatility fuels than hitherto, which, in turn, have significantly lower ig-nition temperatures than hitherto used diesel fuels. In these ways significantly higher engine rpms and specific bhpflitre power outputs are obtainable than has hitherto been possible with diesels such that they become more like petrol engines without a spark ignition system.
(Without Bayram's invention for controlling a diesel engine's exhaust condition a diesel engine when idling runs at very lean a/f ratios and cold' combustion temperatures, so cool, partic-ularly at tow and sub-zero ambients, that it is not hot enough to sustain a glow in qlowplugs (after start-up electric dis-connection) from combustion event through to compression heat initiated ignition. And if full (throttle) fuel injection was applied at idle, when engine airflow is low, then the a/f ratio would immediately be so rich that the excessive fuel a/f mix would quench any residual gb-plug glow that there might be.] However, even lower c.r.'s and higher volatility fuels can be used if glow plugs are kept lit' by keeping them connected to their electric power supply whilst the i.c.engine is running such that their heat intensity, when added to the heat of com-pression of the said (lower compression and higher volatilty diesel fuelled) i.c.enqines, engenders the initiation of i.c.
This can be improved upon by sensing voltage drop across the gLow plugs since such voltage drop would vary with glow' tem-perature (electric resistance) of the glow plugs, which will vary from the initial low of sub-zero pre-heat start-up (though plugs can be kept lit at extreme sub-zero ambients to heat cy-linders, piston crowns and upper engine block when the engine SO is not running) to the highs of wide open throttle running at high summer ambients with hot' fuels. By sensing incipient voltage deltas the voltage or frequency of the electric power supply to glow plugs can be varied to keep their electric re-sistancetemperature nominally constant such that they would then be hot enough for cold start-ups without then being so hot when the i.c.engtne is running that they would be liable to cause pre-ignition diesel knock. Such delta voltage control can be incorporated within an engine management computer unit (ECU) incorporating control of the aforesaid adiabatic engined means for controlling i.c. efficiency.
Further, the voltage set-point of the above mentioned delta controls can be varied when the i.c.engine is running from the inputs of means sensing directly, or indirectly, one (1), or more of such combustion chamber conditions as temperature, pressure, pre-ignition knock, misfire, and or exhaust con-ditions. In this way a wider range of diesel' fuels can be accommodated than when glow plug glow temperature control is pre-set.
To reduce glow plug heat and power consumption lost during such iflc. engines exhaust cycles power supplied to glow plugs can be pulsed on and off by switching means controlled by means conn-ected to means sensing a (4-stroke) cycle position, the same such means sensing another cycle position or means sensing di-rectly, or indirectly, i.c. event/s, respectively switch on and off electric power to the plugs. With such pulsing bursts of power to glow plugs can be discharged by using electric power capacitors in their power supply/s. Such pulsing control can also be incorporated in the i.c.engine's ECU.
Such glow plug controls could also be linked to a sensor sen-sing rate-of-change in fuel injector throttle' flow rate/s so that incipient changes in glow plug temperatures can be antici-pated and voltage to them varied accordingly.
With such gb-plugged engines it would be preferable to have glow plugs, which could be more than one (1) per cylinder, sited away from cylinder intake ports to ainise cooling of them during intake cycles, and away from fuel injectors to obviate quenching of them during fuel injection into the i.c. chamber.
Since such actively gb-plugged engines can be run on various fuels that can be widely different, though possibly necessi-tating changing glow plugs to cold', normal' or hot' to suit a fuel and range of engine operating conditions, they promise to consign petrol and diesel engines, as such, to the dustbin of history by providing one-size fits all economies of scale in the manufacture, R & 11 and marketing of engines, fuels, power-trains and chassis.
Electrically connected glow plugs are used to initiate ignition during the start-up of most 4-stroke diesel engines, and all 2-stroke model gb-engines, that then continue to run when the electric power supply to their gloplug/s is discontinued. How-ever, it is anticipated that similar such gb-plugs as are currently being used might be further developed to suit such semi-diesel hybrid ignited and multi fuel 4-stroke i.cengines -fuels being aything from higher octane blends of diesel fuel to petrol, or petrol and ethanol or methanol, or nitromethane, L or methanol and nitromethane, or compressed natural gas (CNG), or ltquified petroleum gas (LPG), etc..
The invent ion will now be described by way of an example of a typical iteration of it, and with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 shows, schematically, a glow plug constant temperature control system for such temperature controlled glow plugs in 4-stroke, or Wankel, eco-boosted, or eco-throttled, i.c.engines In Figure 1, vehicle battery I connects to motor-generators (P1-6's) 2 and 3 via their speed controllers 4 and 5 and in-verters £ and 7. P1-B 2's shaft transmits power between it and the vehicle's i.c.engine. P1-B 3's shaft transmits power between it and a throttling Wankel adiabatic engine in the i.c. engine's exhaust system where such engine is eco-throttled, or if it is eon-boosted there would be a further speed controlled P1-B conn-ected to an intake system (throttle controlled) supercharger, and electrically connected to 11-13 2. (In vee engines there would likely be dual exhausts with a throttling adiabatic en-gine in each, but where eco-boosted still only one (1) in the valley between the vee-banked cylinders). One (I), or more, cells of battery I connect to glow plugs 8 and 9, which could be in the same cylinder head/combustion chamber of the ve- hicle's i..c.engine, or in separate ones. Sensor 10 senses vol-tage changes in the direct current (DC) electric supply to glow plugs S and 9 and outputs a low voltage control signal to pro-portonal (N, or P plus integral (P+I), or pi-l plus derivative (r'-ili-D) electronic control unit 11 which, accordingly, outputs a low voltage control signal to the actuator 12 of voltage con-troller 13 such that said controls maintain a constant voltage drop across glow plugs 8 and 9 and, thereby, a nominally con-stant glow' temperature so that as combustion temperatures drop glow' temperatures don't also drop, and vice versa.
The value of the constant voltage drop across glow plugs 8 and 9 can be re-set, or varied, by means sensing combustion mis-fires or premature combustion ignition knocks', and optimised by means sensing such i.c.engine conditions as exhaust gas 02 content, fuel consumption, oil and coolant temperatures, etc., which can be optimised with an electronic engine management computer unit (ECU) having a self-learning programme, prefer-ably with a base/default programme learnt during bench testing.
s shown in Figure 1, glow plugs, which could be one (1), or more, are connected to a regular 12v battery, but they could alternatively be connected to a battery-pack, or a motor-gener-ator connected to means for accumulating-discharging energy.
Claims (7)
- CLAIMS: 1) A 4-stroke cycle, or Wankel cycle, internal combustion (i.c.) engine connected to one (I), or more, controlled adia- batic engines having one (I), or more, control systems contro- lling a such said i.c.engine and its one Cl), or more, adia- batic engines in which there are means for adding heat to char-ge air during the respective i.c.engines compression cycles to initiate ignition comprising of one (1), or more, glow plugs in an applicable i.c.engine's only, or more than one, combustion chambers, and which are connected to a power supply from motor-generators connected to the respective i.c.engine and its aforesaid one 41) or more, adiabatic engines, a battery, or a motor-generator connected to power accumulating-discharging means.
- 15) An i.c.engine's ignition system according to claim 1, in which there are means for sensing voltage change across the re-spective i.c.engine's one U), or more, glow plugs and which are connected to control means connected to means actuating de-vices for varying the voltage or frequency of the electric power supply to the said glow plugs.
- 3) An i.e. engine's ignition system according to claim I or claim 2, in which there are means for sensing combustion mis- fire and premature combustion ignition knock' in, as applic-able, a respective i.c.engine's one (I) combustion chamber, or at least one (1) of its combustion chambers, connected to con-trol means connected to means actuating devices for varying the voltage or the frequency of the electric power supply to the respective i.e. engine's one Cl), or more, glow plugs.
- 4) An i.c.engine's ignition system according to claim 2 or claim 3, in which there are means sensing rate-of-change of air flow, or fuel flow, to i.e. events connected to claim 2's or claim 3's control means.
- 5) An i.c.engine's ignition system according to any of the pre-ceding claims, in which there are on/off switching means in the electric power supply to the one Cl), or more, glow plugs in, as applicable, its only, or more than one CI), of the combust)-ion chambers of the respective applicable i.c.engine, and in which such switching means are connected via control means to means sensing the respective i.c.engine's cycle positions.
- 6) An i.c. engine's ignition system according to claim 5, en-cepting that off' switching of a combustion chamber's one (1), or more, glow plugs is triggered by means sensing combustion ignition in that combustion chamber.
- 7) An i.e. engine's ignition system according to any of the pre- ceding claims except claim 1, in which there are power dis-charging capacitors in the electric power supply to the one (1), or more, glow plugs, separately or collectively, in, as applicable, the only, or the more than one CI), combustion chambers of a respectively applicable i.e. engine.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB201315205A GB201315205D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2013-08-24 | A Hybrid glo-plugged 4 stroke diesel engine |
GB201315272A GB201315272D0 (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | A glo-plugged 4-stroke hybrid diesel engine with active glo-plug technology |
GBGB1318748.9A GB201318748D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2013-10-23 | A Glo-plugged 4-stroke hybrid diesel engine with active glo-plug technology |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201414776D0 GB201414776D0 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
GB2520109A true GB2520109A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
Family
ID=49727232
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1318748.9A Ceased GB201318748D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2013-10-23 | A Glo-plugged 4-stroke hybrid diesel engine with active glo-plug technology |
GBGB1412253.5A Ceased GB201412253D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2014-07-09 | 4 - stroke glow & compression ignition semi-diesel engines with active glow plug technology |
GB1414776.3A Withdrawn GB2520109A (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2014-08-20 | 4-stroke, glow plug & compression ignited, semi-diesel engines with active glow plug technology |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1318748.9A Ceased GB201318748D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2013-10-23 | A Glo-plugged 4-stroke hybrid diesel engine with active glo-plug technology |
GBGB1412253.5A Ceased GB201412253D0 (en) | 2013-08-24 | 2014-07-09 | 4 - stroke glow & compression ignition semi-diesel engines with active glow plug technology |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (3) | GB201318748D0 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08240173A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1996-09-17 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Glow plug current feed control device |
JPH08319933A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1996-12-03 | Jatco Corp | Engine controller |
WO2006009523A1 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2006-01-26 | Cosylab, D.O.O. | Method for determining and regulating the glow plug temperature |
JP2011058376A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-24 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Method for controlling glow plug of internal combustion engine, and internal combustion engine |
US20120053818A1 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Martin Sackmann | Ignition device for a combustion engine |
GB2491458A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-05 | Peter John Bayram | Control of a diesel engines exhaust condition to improve catalytic convertor efficiency |
DE102012102013B3 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-06-13 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Method for controlling surface temperature of glow plug in internal combustion engine of motor car, involves changing effective voltage acting on plug based on deviation in plug temperature with respect to target temperature of plug surface |
-
2013
- 2013-10-23 GB GBGB1318748.9A patent/GB201318748D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2014
- 2014-07-09 GB GBGB1412253.5A patent/GB201412253D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-08-20 GB GB1414776.3A patent/GB2520109A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08240173A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1996-09-17 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Glow plug current feed control device |
JPH08319933A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1996-12-03 | Jatco Corp | Engine controller |
WO2006009523A1 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2006-01-26 | Cosylab, D.O.O. | Method for determining and regulating the glow plug temperature |
JP2011058376A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-24 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Method for controlling glow plug of internal combustion engine, and internal combustion engine |
US20120053818A1 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Martin Sackmann | Ignition device for a combustion engine |
GB2491458A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-05 | Peter John Bayram | Control of a diesel engines exhaust condition to improve catalytic convertor efficiency |
DE102012102013B3 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-06-13 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Method for controlling surface temperature of glow plug in internal combustion engine of motor car, involves changing effective voltage acting on plug based on deviation in plug temperature with respect to target temperature of plug surface |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201318748D0 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
GB201412253D0 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
GB201414776D0 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |