GB2513459A - Electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2513459A GB2513459A GB1403608.1A GB201403608A GB2513459A GB 2513459 A GB2513459 A GB 2513459A GB 201403608 A GB201403608 A GB 201403608A GB 2513459 A GB2513459 A GB 2513459A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical cell
- gas
- platinum
- generator
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 LiSCN Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VASPYXGQVWPGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [S-]C#N.CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 VASPYXGQVWPGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPTRYWVRCNOTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZPTRYWVRCNOTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940100603 hydrogen cyanide Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [Li+].[S-]C#N ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RSHBFZCIFFBTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [S-]C#N.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RSHBFZCIFFBTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0006—Calibrating gas analysers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/22—Inorganic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/4163—Systems checking the operation of, or calibrating, the measuring apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/007—Arrangements to check the analyser
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/007—Arrangements to check the analyser
- G01N33/0072—Arrangements to check the analyser by generating a test gas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
An electrochemical cell provides a reliable gas generation even under unfavorable environmental conditions and with significant changes in temperature and environment. The cell comprises a generator electrode 5 and counter electrode 3 and an elecÂtrolyte 4 comprising at least one ionic liquid containing thiocyanate (rhodanide) ions for the generation of hydrogen cyanide gas. A current from source 6 passes through the cell and generates the gas which passes through membrane 7. The cell can be used to generate a test gas for gas detectors.
Description
I
Electrochemical Cell The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell for generating hydrogen cyanide gas using a generator electrode and a counter electrode.
Electrochemical cells for generating test gases for gas analysis devices are known, e.g. from German patent specification 26 21 677, for various gases, but not for hydrogen cyanide gas.
From document Z. Tocksteinová, F. Opekar, "The Electrochemical Generation of Small Amounts of Hydrogen Cyanide", Talanta, 1986, vol. 33, no. 8, pages 688- 690 a method for generating hydrogen cyanide gas using an electrochemical cell is known, wherein hydrogen cyanide gas is generated by oxidation of thiocyanate ions. The gas is generated via controlled oxidation of thiocyanate in aqueous solu-tion according to reaction SCN + 4 HO -> 6 e + + HCN + 7 H A platinum electrode completely submerged in an aqueous electrolyte is flushed by nitrogen, so as to transport the generated hydrogen cyanide gas outward.
Besides the fact that the use of such a gas generator is only possible under labo- ratory conditions, this gas generator is unfavorable in particular due to the electro- lyte which is an aqueous solution. Thus in practical applications for example cli-matic influences will cause loss of electrolyte, which does not allow for a reliable generation of hydrogen cyanide gas in controllable and constant amounts or might even cause a complete functional failure of such a generator.
Thus it is an object of the invention to provide an electrochemical cell which makes a reliable hydrogen cyanide gas generation with a long life possible even under unfavorable and substantially changing environmental conditions, such as signifi-cant changes in temperature and environment, According to the invention the object is accomplished by an electrochemical cell of the type mentioned above, wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one ionic liquid and includes thiocyanate ions for generating hydrogen cyanide gas.
Due to its high electrochemical stability with respect to oxidation and reduction, the use of ionic liquids makes it possible to provide electrochemical cells for generat-ing hydrogen cyanide gas, e.g. to check gas analysing devices, whereby the electrochemical cells generate stable amounts of hydrogen cyanide gas without failing over a long life time and also at changing temperatures and environmental conditions. The use of ionic liquid as electrolyte makes it possible to have long storage periods for such gas generators without impacting their function in later use.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte comprises a mixture of at least two ionic liquids, thus allowing to easily select and set the melt-ing point and water absorption capacity of the electrolyte by an appropriate choice of ionic liquids and/or their appropriate mixing ratio.. The electrolyte preferably comprises at least one ionic liquid of the group of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (hereinafter abbreviated as BMIM OTf), 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (hereinafter abbreviated as EMIM OTf) and 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (hereinafter abbreviated as EMIM SCN). These ionic liquids have been found to be particularly advantageous especially in view of the setting and adjusting options with respect to melting point and water absorption. In particular, the use of the mentioned ionic liquids and op-tionally of further additional substances results in reductions in the electroyte's melting point, which allows operation until far below the melting points of the indi- vidual ionic liquids and thus within the operating temperature range of the electro-chemical cell, such as between -30°C and + 60°C.
Thiocyanate salt is preferably used as gas generating substance, and it is particu-larly advantageous to select it from the group NaSCN, KSCN, LiSCN, NH4SCN, NBu4SCN. However, thiocyanate can also be itself the anion of an ionic liquid It is particularly advantageous to have at least one noble metal as generator elec- trode, in particular one of the group of gold, rhodium, iridium, palladium or plati-num, wherein platinum is particularly advantageous. The generator electrode is preferably formed as a platinum wire mesh or as a polytetrafluorethylene (in the following abbreviated as PTFE) gas diffusion membrane coated with the noble metal.
The container for the ionic liquid in the electrochemical cell is sealed to the outside by a FTFE gas diffusion membrane, which is permeable for the generated hydro- gen cyanide gas. The generated hydrogen cyanide gas is discharged to the out-side via this PTFE gas diffusion membrane.
It is advantageous to provide layers of glass fiber between the generator electrode and the counter electrode, the glass fiber being impregnated with the ionic liquid or with a mixture of ionic liquids, whereby these liquids comprise thiocyanate ions.
The counter electrode is preferably a PTFE support which is coated with platinum or platinum black, which is preferably porous.
The present invention and preferred embodiments will be discussed below further with reference to the single drawing schematically showing an electrochemical cell according to the present invention.
An electrochemical cell 1 comprises a cell housing or container 2 at its bottom side above of which a counter electrode 3 is disposed on which ionic liquid 4 is provided. A generator electrode 5 is disposed on the side of the ionic liquid oppos-ing the counter electrode 3. The generator electrode 5 acting as an anode and the counter electrode 3 acting as a cathode are connected to a constant current source 6.
On the outer side of generator electrode 5, which is formed for example as a wire mesh or as a gas diffusion membrane, another gas diffusion membrane is possibly provided, through which the generated hydrogen cyanide by diffusion passes out of the cell to the outside. The gas diffusion membrane 7 is additionally stabilized by a PTFE support grid 8.
The interior of the cell housing 2 containing the ionic liquid 4 preferably comprises glass fiber layers impregnated with ionic liquid containing thiocyanate ions.
The ionic liquid is selected in particular with regard of the melting point and the wa- ter absorbing capacity. BMIM OTt, EMIM OTf and EMIM SCN are of particular ad-vantage. The ionic liquids can be used as a basis for the cell's electrolyte, either in its pure forms or as mixtures. It is preferred to have a proportion of 30-25 vol% of EMIM SCN in the mixture with EMIM 011 or BMIM OTf. Typically 0.2-0.4 mol/l lith- ium thiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate, ammonium thiocy-anate or tetrabutylammonium thiocyanate are added to BMIM OTf. A proportion of 5-20% H20 is required as a reactant in all cases. It is also used to optimize the solubility of thiocyanate salts and the reaction products.
Current densities of the current provided by the constant power source 6 and flow- ing through ionic electrolyte 4 are typically between 0.3 -1.5 mA/cm3. The gener-ated hydrogen cyanide gas passes through the PTFE gas diffusion membrane 7 by diffusion out of the cell to the outside.
For a performance test of hydrogen cyanide detectors a generator electrode area of preferably 3.8 cm2 and an operating current of about 2 mA with a power-on time of 30 s is advantageous, in order to generate hydrogen cyanide concentrations greater than 20 ppm in front of the outlet opening of the cell.
In the present embodiment the generator electrode consists of a platinum wire mesh or a coating of noble metal and preferably of platinum on the inner side of PTFE gas diffusion membrane 7. The counter electrode is a 0.25 mm PTFE gore membrane coated with platinum black.
The electrochemical cell operates galvanostatically with current densities prefera-bly between 0.5 and 1.5 mAIcm2. With a generator electrode having a diameter of mm the optimum operating current is 2 to 3 mA.
The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. How-ever, a person skilled in the art is capable of further embodiments or modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
- Claims 1. An electrochemical cell (1) having an electrolyte (4), a generator elec- trode (5) and a counter electrode (3), characterized in that the electro-lyte (4) comprises at least one ionic liquid and containsthiocyanate ions for generating hydrogen cyanide gas.
- 2. An electrochemical cell (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolyte (4) comprises a mixture of at least two ionic fluids pref- erably from the group of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliurn trifluoromethane- sulfonate, 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate.
- 3. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas generating substance is a thiocyanate salt.
- 4. An electrochemical cell (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the thiocyanate salt is at least one of the group of NaSCN, KSCN, LiSCN, NH4SCN, NBu4SCN.
- 5. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generator electrode (5) consists of a noble metal, preferably of one of the group of gold, rhodium, iridium, palla-dium and platinum.
- 6. An electrochemical cell (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the generator electrode (5) is a noble metal wire mesh and preferably a platinum wire mesh.
- 7. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of claims 5 or6, character- ized in that the generator electrode (5) is a RIFE gas diffusion mem-brane coated on one side with a noble metal.
- 8. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is sealed to the outside by a PTFE gas diffusion membrane (7), which is permeable to the generated hydrogen cyanide gas.
- 9. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ionic liquid (4) is provided in a housing or con-tainer (2) comprising glass fiber layers.
- 10. An electrochemical cell (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter electrode (3) essentially consists of platinum.
- 11. An electrochemical celt (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the counter electrode (2) is a FTFE coated with platinum.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013003559.7A DE102013003559B4 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2013-03-01 | Process for producing hydrogen cyanide gas in an electrochemical cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201403608D0 GB201403608D0 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
| GB2513459A true GB2513459A (en) | 2014-10-29 |
Family
ID=50490610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1403608.1A Withdrawn GB2513459A (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-02-28 | Electrochemical cell |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140246309A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013003559B4 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2513459A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0611112A1 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | City Technology Limited | Gas generating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2621677A1 (en) | 1976-05-15 | 1977-11-24 | Bayer Ag | PROCEDURE FOR CHECKING GAS ANALYZERS |
| GB2034354B (en) * | 1978-11-11 | 1982-12-01 | Ibm | Elimination of anode hydrogen cyanide formation in trivalent chromium plating |
| US4526662A (en) * | 1982-09-09 | 1985-07-02 | Byerley John J | Processes for the recovery of cyanide from aqueous thiocyanate solutions and detoxication of aqueous thiocyanate solutions |
| IL126976A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 2001-11-25 | Hyperion Catalysis Internat | Graphitic nanofibers in electrochemical capacitors |
| EP1512460A1 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-09 | Solvent Innovation GmbH | Preparation and use of ionic liquids having thiocyanat as anion |
| TWI502195B (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2015-10-01 | Senova Systems Inc | Multi-phase analyte insensitive electrode for use in an electrochemical sensing device for measuring an analyte in a sample , electrochemical sensing device comprising the electrode and method of measuring an analyte in a sample using the electrochemical |
| DE102010003496A1 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-12-16 | Basf Se | Producing chlorine and simultaneously separating metal comprising e.g. aluminum, comprises providing electrolysis device, and separating chlorine at anode and metal at cathode from an ionic liquid containing ions of metal to be separated |
| JP2012524165A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-10-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Removal and recycling of metal salt-containing ionic liquids from surface treated workpieces |
| WO2011043138A1 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2011-04-14 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | Electrochemical capacitor |
-
2013
- 2013-03-01 DE DE102013003559.7A patent/DE102013003559B4/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-02-27 US US14/191,824 patent/US20140246309A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-02-28 GB GB1403608.1A patent/GB2513459A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0611112A1 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | City Technology Limited | Gas generating apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201403608D0 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
| DE102013003559B4 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| DE102013003559A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
| US20140246309A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
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