GB2505674A

GB2505674A - Expandable building assembly

Info

Publication number: GB2505674A
Application number: GB1215929.9A
Authority: GB
Inventors: David Martyn
Original assignee: Ten Fold Engineering Ltd
Current assignee: Ten Fold Engineering Ltd
Priority date: 2012-09-06
Filing date: 2012-09-06
Publication date: 2014-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-06
Also published as: WO2014037691A1; GB2505674B; GB201215929D0

Abstract

The building assembly having a retracted condition in which the components of building, such as a wall, floor or roof are located within a first volume and an expanded condition in which the components of the building extend out of the first and define a second volume. The building assembly comprising two components which each extend in different directions along different axes. The assembly may move between the two configurations by use of a lever assembly. Also claimed is an expandable building assembly where some of the components are nested with respect to each other. Also claimed is a building assembly where in the expanded condition a roof assembly has been rotated relative to its retracted condition. Some of the components may be expanded by horizontal, vertical translational sliding motion or they may be expanded by rotational unfolding motion. The roof portion may form the floor portion of a second storey of the building assembly.

Description

EXPANDABLE BUILDING ASSEMBLY

The present invention relates to an expandable building assembly. The building assembly of the present invention is suitable for many building structures and is especially suitable for being transported by road.

House design and building methods are traditionally the result of evolution and the use of local materials. Site-built houses are the most basic example with most value being added by locally applied labour. Such houses seek to be durable and to be maintainable. Traditionally such houses are intended to provide shelter and, in recent years, to make increasingly efficient use of energy and other resources.

More recently, pre-fabrication of the key components of such houses has introduced production line techniques to house building, often in the form of panel builds and complete roof cassettes. This has now been extended to volume build methods, whereby the whole building, albeit on linkable modular form, is constructed away from the site and transported to the site for erection and installation. In parallel to this mainstream house building sector, the mobile/static home (park home) has often been used because of its comparatively low cost and ease of deployment.

Such houses are generally placed in close juxtaposition and are neither durable nor easily financed.

As the cost of housing in many countries continues to rise, the ability of buyers to raise adequate resources to purchase a house has continued to fall. As a result there are whole sectors of communities which are unable to own property or even to find affordable rental properties, especially in convenient locations. In order to address this problem, it is necessary to make available to such sectors housing which offers the quality of a built home while maintaining the overheads structure of a park home. Such a design, if it can be made durable and repairable, will retain its value and may be relocated at any time onto more suitable or more available land.

There is a need for an improved design of building that cost effective to construct and erect. Preferably, the building is formed from an assembly that can be

I

easily transported, most preferably by road, to the site and erected or deployed with minimum time and effort.

Building structures have one or more collapsible or folding sections are known in the art. Examples of such assemblies are disclosed in the following: US 3,360,891 discloses an extendable portable house. The building comprises a floor, a roof and a plurality of walls, of largely conventional arrangement.

To allow the building to be expanded, a wall is provided with a foldable floor member for providing the floor of the expanded portion of the building, the foldable floor member being hingedly attached to the building and able to fold down from a vertical position to a horizontal position. Foldable wall members are provided comprising a plurality of hingedly attached panels. The wall members are hingedly attached to the floor member. A moveable covering member forms part of the wall of the building, when in the collapsed condition, and a covering for the expanded portion of the building.

US 3,383,880 concerns a folding house trailer. The trailer comprises box-like end sections pivotably mounted to the floor of the trailer. The end sections when folded nest within each other. The end sections when extended form the end portions of the building. Foldable side walls and a foldable roof are provided, which nest within the end sections, when in the folded state, and can be extended to complete the side walls and roof between the extended end sections.

A foldable mobile house is described and shown in US 3,862,526. The house is provided collapsed into a conventional trailer box-like shape for transportation by road. The house comprises components for being unfolded to form an A-frame construction. In particular, the house comprises a base support structure forming a floor member. A foldable floor extension structure is provided with a hinge member, allowing the floor extension to move in a place parallel to the base. A plurality of side wall members are provided which, in the transportable position lie perpendicular to the base and, in the deployed position, lie at an angle to the base to form an A-frame configuration. seals are provided along the edges of the side wall members.

US 3,983,665 discloses a foldable and transportable building. The building is provided in two folded assemblies, each forming one half of the completed building.

The building comprises side walls, foldable end walls and foldable roof sections. In their unfolded position, these sections form a saw-tooth configuration.

An expandable mobile building is also disclosed in us 4,155,204. The building is transportable in its collapsed state, in particular forming a trailer for an articulated vehicle. The building comprises a central, generally rectangular container body, from which booms may be extended to provide means to deploy the building into its extended state and provide support for the walls and roof members. Floor, roof and wall sections are provided in a collapsed state vertically at the sides of the container. These sections are extended laterally of the container and are supported by the booms. Additional support is provided by legs extending from the outermost wall sections to the ground, when the building is fully extended.

uS 4,653,412 discloses a similar foldable building transportable in the form of a stackable container. The container may be deployed from its trailer after transportation to the site by means of jacks. A plurality of foldable, hinged members are held in a vertical orientation within the container in the collapsed state. These members are deployed from the sides of the container to form the floor, side walls and roof of the building. Booms extending from the container are used to deploy the structure.

A transportable modular house is described and shown in US 5,094,048. The house is of a fixed construction and is transportable on a trailer. A rotatable bearing is mounted between the house and the trailer, allowing the house to rotate with respect to the trailer. Each corner of the house is provided with an extensible supporting member for raising and lowering the house onto the trailer for transportation. The house is generally elongate in shape and the trailer is first introduced under the house in a transverse orientation. The support members are raised, lowering the house onto the trailer. The bearing is use to rotate the house to align with the trailer, for transport by road.

US 5,170,901 discloses a transportable construction element in the form of a container. The container comprises a hinged panel moveable between a closed position, in which the panel extends vertically at the side of the container, and an open position, in which the panel extends horizontally from the floor of the container.

An internal structure comprising an upper or roof panel, a front panel and two side panels is moveable between an inserted position, in which it lies within the container, and an extended position, in which it lies on the hinged panel, with the hinged panel forming a floor for the internal structure. The roof panel, front panel and sides panels of the assembly are fixed together in a rigid box-like structure. A container may comprise two such assemblies, one extendable from each side of the container.

When in the inserted position, the two assemblies may each occupy a respective portion of the volume of the container or one assembly may be smaller and extend inside the other assembly, which is larger, and the assemblies occupy the same volume within the container. However, to achieve this, the assemblies must be of different sizes, with the dimensions of the smaller assembly restricted by the need to fit within the larger of the two assemblies.

An expandable/retractable portable structure is shown and described in us 5,265,394. In its retracted position, the structure is able to be transported on public highways. The structure comprises a stationary or fixed portion and a moveable portion. The moveable portion is pivotally attached to the fixed portion. In the retracted position, the moveable portion encloses the fixed portion. In the expanded position, the moveable portion and stationary portion together provide the structure. A winch is provided to move the moveable portion between the expanded and retracted positions. In particular, the moveable portion comprises three sections, the first section forming a floor member in the expanded position and overlying a side of the stationary portion in the retracted position. The second section forms a wall when expanded and overlies the roof of the stationary portion, when retracted.

Finally, the third section of the moveable portion forms a roof when expanded and overlies and encloses the opposing side of the stationary portion when retracted.

A foldable portable building is described and shown in us 5,596,844. The building is arranged to collapse and fit within a internationally standardised goods container. The building comprises a plurality of roof, floor and wall members

S

arranged to fold into the container, so as to lie vertically therewithin. The roof and floor members lie outermost and are extendible to form the floor and roof of the building. A plurality of wall members are interconnected so as to extend in a concertina manner from within the container, to complete the building.

There is a general need for an improved assembly for reversibly expanding the volume of a structure, in particular a building. For example, there is a need for an improved arrangement of foldable building assembly, which is simple to construct, can be transported by road to the required location, is simple and quick to deploy and provides sufficient accommodation when extended. It would also be useful if the assembly could have more general applications and be used in a wide variety of moveable and stationary buildings and installations.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides an expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a first component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition and extending from the first volume in a first direction in the expanded condition, the first component assembly moving between the retracted and expanded conditions along a first axis; and a second component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition and extending from the first volume in a second direction in the expanded condition, the second component assembly moving between the retracted and expanded conditions along a second axis; wherein the second axis is at an angle to the first axis.

The building assembly of this aspect of the present invention is an expandable building that has two conditions. In a first, retracted condition, the assembly presents a first footprint to the ground and has a first interior volume. In a second, extended position, the assembly presents a second footprint to the ground and has a second interior volume. The second interior volume is greater than the first, that is the interior volume of the assembly is significantly increased in transitioning the assembly from the retracted to the expanded condition. In addition, in many embodiments, the second footprint is also greater than the first footprint, such that the floor area of the assembly is significantly increased in the transition from the retracted condition to the expanded condition.

References herein to a building' are references to any structure that provides a partially or wholly enclosed space or volume, such as for occupation by persons, for housing people or objects, and/or for storage purposes. The building assemblies of the present invention are particularly suitable for use as dwellings or other occupation by persons. The building may be a permanent structure. Alternatively, the building may be a temporary structure, for example delivered to and located on a site temporarily, after which the building assembly is removed, for example for use at another location.

The assembly comprises a plurality of component assemblies, details of which are described hereinafter. The component assemblies are movable between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, movement of the component assemblies providing the change in interior volume and, in many embodiments as noted above, a change in the footprint of the building assembly.

In the retracted position, the component assemblies lie within the first footprint of the building assembly. In one preferred embodiment, the first component assembly and the second component assembly lie partly or wholly within the same volume within the interior of the building assembly when in the retracted condition, that is lie partly or wholly within the volume defined by the same perimeter or boundary wall of the building assembly in the retracted condition. In particular, one or more of the components of the first component assembly overlap with the corresponding components of the second component assembly, that is nest, as described in more detail hereinafter.

References herein to the footprint' of the building assembly are to the area of ground which the assembly overlies and is within the outer perimeter of the assembly.

The first and second footprints may be of any desired shape and it is an advantage of the building assembly of the present invention that an expandable building of a variety of shapes and configurations may be provided. In one preferred embodiment, the first footprint is substantially rectangular. This shape has particular advantages, in that the building assembly may be arranged to be of a size in the retracted condition that it is no greater in size, that is volume or footprint, than a standard container. This in turn facilitates transportation and storage of the building assembly, in particular allowing it to be transported, in particular by road or rail, using existing vehicles. The dimensions of shipping containers are standardised and are expressed as being nominally 20 foot' or 40 foot' containers, the internal and external dimensions of which are well known in the art of shipping and haulage.

As noted, the building assembly comprises a plurality of component assemblies. Each component assembly is moveable between the retracted condition and the expanded condition along an axis, most preferably a linear axis. The axis may extend in any direction relative to the building assembly. In this respect, movement of a component assembly along an axis is a reference to at least some of the components of the assembly moving along the axis between the retracted condition and the extended condition.

The building assembly comprises a first component assembly and a second component assembly, each movable along their respective axis, with the axis of the first component assembly being at an angle to the axis of the second component assembly. The axes may extend at any required angle to one another. In one preferred embodiment, the first and second axes are perpendicular to one another.

However, depending upon the design of the building assembly the axes of the component assemblies may extend at other angles to each other. For example, the first axis and the second axis may be at an angle selected from 30°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 75°, up to 90°, or any angle between these values, as required. In a preferred embodiment, the second axis is at 90° to the first axis.

The first and second axes may both extend horizontally. Alternatively, one or both may extend at an angle to the horizontal. In one embodiment, the first axis is substantially horizontal and the second axis extends at an angle to the horizontal, for example one of the aforementioned angles, in particular at 90°to the horizontal, that is vertically.

Each component assembly comprises one or a plurality of components forming part of the exterior of the building assembly when in the expanded condition.

Preferably, each component assembly comprises one or more of a roof portion, one or more side walls, an end wall, and a floor portion. In one preferred embodiment, each of the first and second component assemblies comprises a roof portion, an end wall, a plurality of side walls and a floor portion.

In one embodiment, each component assembly moving in a horizontal direction between the retracted and extended conditions comprises an end wall. The end wall preferably forms an outer wall of the building assembly when in the expanded condition. In one embodiment, the end wall forms an outer surface of the building assembly in the retracted condition. More preferably, the end wall forms an outer wall of the building assembly, or a portion thereof, when in the retracted condition. The end wall may extend at any angle, for example substantially vertically.

However, again the end wall may extend at any angle desired for the overall shape and configuration of the building assembly, in particular when in the expanded condition. Preferably, the end wall is fixed in its shape, that is, the end wall does not change shape or form between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, for example is not folded, and is simply moved from a first position in the retracted condition to a second position in the expanded condition. Most preferably, the end wall is disposed in the same orientation in both the retracted and expanded conditions and is merely displaced when moving between the two conditions.

In one embodiment, each component assembly comprises a roof portion.

The roof portion forms part of the roof of the building assembly when in the expanded condition. In the retracted condition, the roof portion is preferably partly or wholly within the interior of the building assembly. Most preferably, the roof portion is wholly within the interior of the building assembly and does not form part of the roof of the building assembly in the retracted condition. The roof portion may have any suitable form. In one preferred arrangement, the roof portion is preferably substantially horizontal in the expanded condition. However, the roof portion may extend at other angles in the expanded condition, as required by the design and configuration of the building assembly.

Preferably, the root portion is fixed in shape, that is, the roof portion does not change shape or form between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, for example is not folded, and is simply moved from a first position in the retracted condition to a second position in the expanded condition. In one preferred embodiment, the root portion is disposed in the same orientation in both the retracted and expanded conditions and is merely displaced when moving between the two conditions. In many embodiments, the roof portion extends substantially horizontally in both the retracted condition and the expanded condition.

In other embodiments, the roof portion is foldable. In particular, the roof portion has a first folded condition and a second extended condition. In this embodiment, the root portion is preferably is in the folded condition when in the retracted condition. The roof portion may untold at any time during or atter the movement of the component assembly between the retracted and the expanded conditions. In one preferred embodiment, the roof portion unfolds as the component assembly moves from the retracted condition to the expanded condition, more preferably the roof portion being unfolded under the action ot moving the component assembly trom the retracted condition to the expanded condition. The roof portion may also function in the reverse manner, that is folding under the action of the component assembly moving trom the expanded condition to the retracted condition.

The roof portion may comprise a single root unit and mounted to fold and unfold, tor example being hinged to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly.

Alternatively, the roof portion may comprise a plurality of roof units, which unfold to provide a complete roof to the component assembly when in the expanded condition.

For example, two or more roof units may be hingedly attached to each other and to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly.

The building assembly may be a multi-storey structure. In such structures comprising a component assembly moveable horizontally between the retracted and expanded conditions and not being on the uppermost storey, the roof portion of the component assembly may form part or all of the floor of the storey immediately above.

In one embodiment, each component assembly comprises a floor portion.

The floor portion forms the floor of the interior of the component assembly when in the expanded condition. The floor portion is preferably generally horizontal in the expanded condition. The floor portion may be arranged in an analogous manner to the roof portion, described above. That is, the floor portion does not change shape or form between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, for example is not folded, and is simply moved from a first position in the retracted condition to a second position in the expanded condition. In one embodiment, the floor portion is disposed in the same orientation in both the retracted and expanded conditions and is merely displaced when moving between the two conditions. In other embodiments, the floor portion is foldable. In particular, the floor portion has a first folded condition and a second extended condition. In this embodiment, the floor portion is preferably is in the folded condition when in the retracted condition. The floor portion may unfold at any time during or after the movement of the component assembly between the retracted and the expanded conditions. In one preferred embodiment, the floor portion unfolds as the component assembly moves from the retracted condition to the expanded condition, more preferably the floor portion being unfolded under the action of moving the component assembly from the retracted condition to the expanded condition. The floor portion may also function in the reverse manner, that is folding under the action of the component assembly moving from the expanded condition to the retracted condition. The floor portion may comprise a single floor unit and mounted to fold and unfold, for example being hinged to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly. Alternatively, the floor portion may comprise a plurality of floor units, which unfold to provide a complete floor to the component assembly when in the expanded condition. For example, two or more floor units may be hingedly attached to each other and to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly.

In one embodiment, each component assembly comprises one or more side walls. Each side wall forms part of the exterior wall of the of the component assembly when in the expanded condition. Each side wall may be arranged in an analogous manner to the end wall, described above. That is, the side wall may be disposed in any orientation, for example vertical. In one embodiment, the side wall does not change shape or form between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, for example is not folded, and is simply moved from a first position in the retracted condition to a second position in the expanded condition. In one embodiment, the side wall is disposed in the same orientation in both the retracted and expanded conditions and is merely displaced when moving between the two conditions. In other embodiments, the side wall is foldable. In particular, the side wall has a first folded condition and a second extended condition. In this embodiment, the side wall is preferably in the folded condition when in the retracted condition. The side wall may unfold at any time during or after the movement of the component assembly between the retracted and the expanded conditions. In one embodiment, the side wall is unfolded after the component assembly has been moved to the expanded position. The side wall may comprise a single wall unit and be mounted to fold and unfold, for example being hinged to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly. Alternatively, the side wall may comprise a plurality of wall units, which unfold to provide a complete side wall to the component assembly when in the expanded condition. For example, two or more side wall units may be hingedly attached to each other and to a suitable supporting member of the building assembly.

In one embodiment of the building assembly, at least one of the component assemblies has a roof portion, an end wall, opposing side walls of fixed configuration, and a floor portion of fixed configuration. The component assembly of this configuration is preferably moveable along a horizontal axis between the retracted and expanded conditions. The component assembly of this configuration is particular suitable for use with pre-installed fittings, such as the fittings required to provide a bathroom, toilet, kitchen or the like. In this way, the fittings required for such a facility, together with the requisite plumbing and wiring installations may be installed at the time of constructing the building assembly, in particular at a facility away from the final location of the expanded assembly. This in turn requires the minimum of time and work to establish the expanded assembly once on site.

In many embodiments, the component assemblies moving along a substantially horizontal axis between the retracted and extended conditions may comprise an end wall, one or a plurality, in particular two, side walls, a roof portion and a floor portion. Preferably, such a component assembly comprises an end wall, a roof portion, a floor portion and sufficient side walls to form an enclosed portion of the volume of the building assembly in the expanded condition, for example a separate room of the building or an extension to a room existing in the retracted condition.

Component assemblies moving in an upwards vertical direction from the retracted condition to the expanded condition may generally comprise a roof portion and at least one side wall. Preferably, the component assembly comprises sufficient side walls to form an enclosed portion of the volume of the building assembly in the expanded condition, for example a separate room on a different storey to the rooms existing in the building assembly in the retracted condition. The component assembly may comprise a floor portion, for example with an opening therein for stairs.

Component assemblies moving in a downwards vertical direction from the retracted condition to the expanded condition may generally comprise a floor portion and at least one side wall. Again, preferably, the component assembly comprises sufficient side walls to form an enclosed portion of the volume of the building assembly in the expanded condition, for example a separate room on a different storey to the rooms of the building assembly in the retracted condition. The component assembly may comprise a roof or ceiling portion, for example with an opening therein for stairs. The roof or ceiling portion may provide the floor for the rooms or space above.

The components of each component assembly, in particular the end wall and any side walls, together with the roof portion, may be provided with suitable openings therein for windows, doors and the like, as required for the final configuration of the building assembly.

It is an advantage of the building assembly of the present invention that it provides a very high degree of design freedom for the building assembly, in particular in the expanded condition. The component assemblies may have any suitable shape, as required by the building assembly, in particular in its expanded condition.

In one embodiment, some or all of the component assemblies are largely rectangular in form, that is have substantially rectangular floors, walls and roof portions.

It has been found that the building assembly of the present invention provides for a very high degree of expansion of the interior volume of the building assembly from the contracted condition to the expanded condition, by virtue of the arrangement of the component assemblies that are moved between the contracted and expanded conditions. Moreover, it has been found that a particularly high degree of expansion of the volume is achievable if components of the component assemblies are arranged in a particular manner within the interior of the building assembly when in the retracted condition. More particularly, it has been found possible to achieve a high degree of volume expansion if some, but not all of the components of adjacent or opposing component assemblies are nested.

In a further aspect, the present invention provides an expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a first component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the first component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; and a second component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the second component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; wherein, when the first and second component assemblies are both in the retracted condition, some but not all of the building components of the first and second component assemblies are nested with respect to one another.

As used herein, the term nested' is a reference to a component of one component assembly overlapping, that is overlying or extending adjacent to, the corresponding component of an adjacent or opposing component assembly.

The building assembly comprises a plurality of component assemblies, in particular a first component assembly and a second component assembly. Each assembly is movable between a retracted condition and an expanded condition. In the retracted condition, by having components nesting, the component assemblies share the same volume within the boundary or perimeter wall of the building assembly.

In particular, each component assembly is movable along an axis, that is at least some of the components of the component assembly move along the axis between the retracted condition and the extended condition. The axes of the component assemblies may extend at an angle to each other, as hereinbefore described. However, in this aspect of the present invention, the first and second component assemblies may move along axes that are parallel to one another or aligned. For example, the first and second component assemblies may be opposing and move in opposite directions when both moving from one to the other of the retracted condition and the expanded condition. In particular, the first and second assemblies may be opposing and have their respective axes aligned. It is an advantage of this aspect of the present invention that, in such an arrangement, there is no need for one of the component assemblies to be significantly different in size to the other.

Further, and of particular advantage, the nesting of components in this manner, especially of opposing component assemblies, allows additional component assemblies to occupy and extend from the same volume in the retracted condition.

Embodiments of the present invention may comprise two component assemblies, for example opposing first and second component assemblies as described above.

Advantageous embodiments are those in which a third component assembly extends from the same volume, for example perpendicular to the axes of the first and second component assemblies. A fourth component assembly may be provided to move along an axis at an angle, for example perpendicular, to the axes of both the first and second assemblies. The fourth component assembly may oppose the third component assembly, that is have its axis parallel to or aligned with the axis of the third component assembly. Still further, the building assembly may comprise a fifth component assembly, movable along an axis that is at an angle, in particular perpendicular, to the axes of all of the first to the fourth component assemblies. Yet further, the building assembly may comprise a sixth component assembly, movable along an axis that is at an angle, in particular perpendicular, to the axes of all of the first to the fifth component assemblies. The sixth component assembly may oppose the fifth component assembly.

In one embodiment, the building assembly comprises from one to four component assemblies movable between a retracted condition and an expanded condition in a substantially horizontal direction and one or two further component assemblies movable between the retracted condition and the expanded condition in a substantially vertical direction, in particular upwards and/or downwards.

The component assemblies of this aspect of the present invention comprise a plurality of components selected from a roof portion, one or more side walls and a floor portion. The general arrangement of each of these components is as hereinbefore described. In the present aspect, some but not all of the components of the first and second component assemblies are nested. This is in contrast to similar expandable building assemblies of the prior art, in which all the components present in a movable component assembly nest with respect to the corresponding components of an opposing assembly.

In a preferred embodiment, both the first and second component assemblies comprise a roof portion. In the expanded position, the roof portion of each component assembly is as described above. In the retracted condition, the roof portion of the first component assembly and the roof portion of the second component assembly extend into the volume of the interior of the building assembly defined by the same outer or perimeter walls. In the retracted condition, the roof portion of the first component assembly partially or wholly overlaps, that is overlies, the roof portion of the second component assembly. In one preferred arrangement, the first and second roof portions extend substantially horizontally when in the retracted condition, more preferably remaining horizontal when moving between the retracted condition and the extended condition.

Similarly, the first and second component assemblies may have floor portions that nest and are arranged in an analogous manner to that described above for the roof portion. Thus, in the retracted condition, the floor portion of the first component assembly partially or wholly overlaps, that is overlies, the floor portion of the second component assembly. In one preferred arrangement, the first and second floor portions extend substantially horizontally when in the retracted condition, more preferably remaining horizontal when moving between the retracted condition and the extended condition.

The first and second component assemblies may comprise one or more side walls. In the case of opposing first and second component assemblies, one or both side walls may be arranged to nest in analogous manner to the floor and roof portions described above. Thus, in the retracted condition, a side wall of the first component assembly overlaps, that is lies partially or wholly adjacent or alongside, a corresponding side wall of the second component assembly. In one preferred arrangement, side walls of the first and second component assemblies extend substantially vertically when in the retracted condition, more preferably remaining vertical when moving between the retracted condition and the extended condition.

In one preferred embodiment, one or both of the first and second component assemblies, when arranged to move in the horizontal direction, comprise an end wall.

As note above, the end wall forms part of the perimeter or boundary of the building assembly in the extended condition. Most preferably, the end wall forms part of the perimeter or boundary of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.

Other preferred features of the end wall are as described above.

The component assemblies are movable between the retracted and expanded conditions. The component assemblies, in particular those arranged to move horizontally, may be arranged to be moved by hand. More preferably, the building assembly of the present invention preferably further comprises means to move each component assembly between its retracted position and its expanded position. Any suitable means may be employed to move the component assemblies.

For example, the portions of the assembly may be moved by means of an arrangement of cables and/or levers. Drive to the means for moving the portions of the assembly may be any suitable means, for example one or more electric motors.

Alternatively, drive for moving the assembly portions and other components may be provided manually, for example directly to the components or by way of a drive mechanism, such as a jack, screw or the like.

In one preferred embodiment, the means for moving the portion of the assembly comprises an assembly of levers. More preferably, a lever assembly of the general type described and shown in pending GB patent application No. 0B1209982.6 is employed, general details of which are as follows: The lever assembly for providing motion to the portions of the component assemblies and, if required, other components of the building assembly of the present invention relies upon an arrangement of five levers or arms having pivoted connections therebetween. The lever assembly comprises: a first arm rotatable at a first position thereon about a first fixed pivot; a second arm rotatable at a first position thereon about a second fixed pivot, the second fixed pivot spaced apart from the first fixed pivot; a third arm pivotably connected at a first position thereon to the second arm at a second position on the second arm, the second position spaced apart from the first position on the second arm; a first connecting arm extending between the first arm and the third arm, the first connecting arm pivotably connected to a second position on the first arm spaced apart from the first position and pivotably connected to the third arm at a second position thereon spaced apart from the first position thereon; and a second connecting arm extending between the first arm and the second arm, the second connecting arm pivotably connected to a third position on the first arm disposed between the first and second positions thereon and pivotably connected to a third position on the second arm at a third position thereon.

In operation of the lever assembly, rotation of the first arm about the first fixed pivot results in rotation of the second arm about the second fixed pivot and movement of the third arm. In particular, the third arm is caused to move such that a point on the third arm (herein referred to as the said point') spaced from the first position on the third arm and located such that the second position on the third arm lies between the said point and the first position moves in a straight line. Thus, rotational motion of the first arm and the second arm about their respective fixed pivots results in a straight line motion of the said point on the third arm. In this respect, it is to be noted that the said point on the third arm referred to traces a line that is substantially straight, that is represents a very close approximation to a straight line. In particular, the path followed by the said point may be characterised as being a very flat sine wave, that is a sine wave of high wavelength and very low amplitude.

The point on the third arm referred to above is spaced from the first position on the third arm, with the second position on the third arm lying between the said point and the first position. The location of the said point will depend upon the length of the arms of the device and the positions of their interconnections. The component to be moved may be connected to the third arm of the lever assembly, in particular pivotally connected to the said position on the third arm, such that the component is moved in a straight line by the third arm.

The arms of the lever assembly may be constructed such that the arms may be accommodated one within another. The components of the assembly may be arranged such that, when in the retracted position, the first and second connecting arms are accommodated within or adjacent the first and second arms, thereby providing for a particularly compact assembly when in the retracted position.

The lever assembly has been described hereinbefore by reference to a plurality of arms. It is to be understood that the term arm' is used as a general reference to any component that may be connected as hereinbefore described and/or moved about a fixed pivot. Accordingly, the term arm' is to be understood as being a reference to any such component, regardless of shape or configuration.

The lever assembly comprises a first arm. The first arm may have any shape and configuration. A preferred form for the first arm is an elongate member, for example a bar or a rod. The first arm is pivotably mounted at a first position on the arm to a first fixed pivot. The first fixed pivot is mounted on a suitable part of the fixed structure of the building assembly. The pivotable connection at the first position may be of any suitable form, preferably a pin, spindle or axle passing through the arm about which the arm is free to move. The first position is preferably at or adjacent one end of the arm.

The first arm may function as a driving arm for the lever assembly, that is have a force applied thereto by the aforementioned drive means, so as to rotate the arm about the fixed pivot at the first position on the arm, thereby transferring drive to the other components of the lever assembly and the component of the building assembly to be moved.

The first position on the first arm may be at any suitable location thereon. In one preferred embodiment, the first position is at or adjacent the first end of the first arm.

The assembly further comprises a second arm. The second arm may have any shape and configuration. A preferred form for the second arm is an elongate member, for example a bar or a rod. The second arm is pivotably mounted at a first position on the second arm to a second fixed pivot. Again, the second fixed pivot is mounted on a part of the fixed structure of the building assembly. The second fixed pivot is spaced apart from the first fixed pivot on the fixed structure. The pivotable connection at the first position may be of any suitable form, preferably a pin, spindle or axle passing through the arm about which the arm is free to move. The first position is preferably at or adjacent one end of the second arm.

The second arm may function as a driving arm for the assembly, that is have a force applied thereto by the aforementioned drive means, so as to rotate the arm about the fixed pivot at the first position on the arm, thereby transferring drive to the other components of the assembly. Alternatively, the second arm may be a driven arm of the assembly, that is move about the fixed pivot under the action of the other components of the assembly.

The lever assembly further comprises a third arm. The third arm may have any shape and configuration. A preferred form for the third arm is an elongate member, for example a bar or a rod. Alternatively, the third arm of the lever assembly is provided by the roof portion itself. The third arm is pivotably mounted at a first position on the third arm to the second arm. The pivotable connection between the second and third arms may be of any suitable form, preferably a pin, spindle or axle passing through the arms about which one or both of the arms are free to move.

The third arm is pivotably connected to the second arm at a first position on the third arm and a second position on the second arm. The first position may be in any suitable location on the third arm. In one preferred embodiment, the first position is at or adjacent one end of the third arm.

The second position on the second arm is spaced apart from the first position on the second arm. In one preferred embodiment, the second position on the second arm is at or adjacent the second end of the third arm.

The distance between the first and second fixed pivots and the lengths of the first, second and third arms may be selected according to the desired straight line movement of the component to be achieved.

However, generally, the ratio of the length of the first arm, that is the distance between the first and second positions on the first arm, to the distance between the first and second fixed pivots may range from 0.5 to 2.0, more preferably from 0.6 to 1.75, still more preferably from 0.75 to 1.5. The first arm is preferably shorter in length than the distance between the first and second fixed pivots. The ratio of the length of the first arm to the distance between the first and second fixed pivots is therefore more preferably from 0.75 to 0.99, still more preferably from 0.8 to 0.99, in particular from 0.9 to 0.99. A ratio of about 0.92 to about 0.98 is particularly suitable for many applications.

The ratio of the length of the second arm, that is the distance between the first and second positions on the second arm, to the distance between the first and second fixed pivots may range from 0.5 to 2.0, more preferably from 0.6 to 1.75, still more preferably from 0.75 to 1.5. The second arm is preferably shorter in length than the distance between the first and second fixed pivots. The ratio of the length of the second arm to the distance between the first and second fixed pivots is therefore more preferably from 0.75 to 0.99, still more preferably from 0.8 to 0.99, in particular from 0.9 to 0.99. A ratio of about 0.92 to about 0.98 is particularly suitable for many applications.

The length of the second arm is preferably selected to be as long as possible, within the constraints of the other components of the lever assembly and the desired motion. In this way, the arc through which the second position on the second arm moves about the second fixed pivot has as large a radius as possible. This facilitates the positioning of the second connecting arm.

The second arm may be longer or shorter than the first arm. In one preferred embodiment, the first and second arms are of the same length.

Taking the length of the third arm to be the distance between the first position on the third arm and the said point on the third arm, the length of the third arm will be determined by the arrangement of the first and second arms, together with the connecting arms. In some embodiments, the length of the third arm is less than that of the first and second arms, in particular from 0.9 to 0.99 of the length of the first and/or second arms. For example, with the first and second arms being of equal length and less than the distance between the first and second fixed pivots, the third arm has a length of about 0.975. In alternative embodiments, the length of the third arm is the same as that of the first arm and/or the second arm. In one particularly preferred arrangement, the first, second and third arms are the same length.

The lever assembly further comprises a first connecting arm. The first connecting arm extends between the first arm and the third arm. The first connecting arm may have any shape and configuration. A preferred form for the first connecting arm is an elongate member, for example a bar or a rod. The first connecting arm is pivotably mounted to each of the first and third arms. The pivotable connections between the first connecting arm and each of the first and third arms may be of any suitable form, preferably a pin, spindle or axle passing through the arms about which one or both of the arms are free to move.

The pivotable connections may be at any suitable location on the first connecting arm. In one preferred embodiment, the pivotable connection between the first connecting arm and the first arm is at or adjacent one end of the first connecting arm and/or the pivotable connection between the first connecting arm and the third arm is at or adjacent the second end of the first connecting arm.

The first connecting arm is connected to the first arm at a second position on the first arm. The second position on the first arm is spaced apart from the first position on the first arm. In one preferred embodiment, the second position on the first arm is at or adjacent the second end of the first arm.

The first connecting arm is further connected to the third arm at a second position on the third arm, which second position is spaced apart from the first position on the third arm.

The first connecting arm may have any suitable length. Its length is preferably the distance between the positions on the first and third arms between which the first connecting arm extends.

The second position on the third arm, at which the first connecting arm is connected, may be selected according to a number of factors. First, the first connecting arm acts to provide support for the third arm, in particular to assist in supporting any load applied to the third arm. The requirement for the third arm to be supported in this manner by the first connecting arm is a factor in determining the location of the second position on the third arm. Second, the overall strength and stability of the assembly is related to the length of the first connecting arm, with the strength and stability reducing as the length of the first connecting arm increases.

The second position on the third arm may be at any suitable position. In particular, the ratio of the distance between the first position and the second position on the third arm and the distance between the first position and the said point on the third arm may be from 0.1 to 0.9, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.8, still more preferably from 0.3 to 0.7, in particular from 0.35 to 0.6. A preferred ratio is from 0.4 to 0.55. The ratio of the distance between the first position and the second position on the third arm and the distance between the first position and the said point on the third arm is preferably less than 0.75, more preferably less than 0.65, more preferably less than 0.55. A ratio of up to 0.5 has been found to be particularly suitable. One particularly preferred embodiment of the assembly has the ratio of the distance between the first position and the second position on the third arm and the distance between the first position and the said point on the third arm about 0.41 to about 0.47.

The lever assembly further comprises a second connecting arm. The second connecting arm extends between the first arm and the second arm. The second connecting arm may have any shape and configuration. A preferred form for the second connecting arm is an elongate member, for example a bar or a rod. The second connecting arm is pivotably mounted to each of the first and second arms.

The pivotable connections between the second connecting arm and each of the first and second arms may be of any suitable form, preferably a pin, spindle or axle passing through the arms about which one or both of the arms are free to move.

The pivotable connections may be at any suitable location on the second connecting arm. In one preferred embodiment, the pivotable connection between the second connecting arm and the first arm is at or adjacent one end of the first connecting arm and/or the pivotable connection between the second connecting arm and the second arm is at or adjacent the second end of the second connecting arm.

The second connecting arm is connected to the first arm at a third position on the first arm, which third position is spaced apart from and between both the first and second positions on the first arm.

The third position on the first arm, at which the second connecting arm is connected, may be selected according to a number of factors. First, the second connecting arm acts to provide support for the first arm, in particular to assist in supporting any load applied to the first arm. The requirement for the first arm to be supported in this manner by the first connecting arm is a factor in determining the location of the third position on the first arm. Second, as with the first connecting arm, the overall strength and stability of the assembly is related to the length of the second connecting arm, with the strength and stability reducing as the length of the second connecting arm increases.

The third position on the first arm may be at any suitable position. In particular, the ratio of the distance between the first position and the third position on the first arm and the distance between the first position and the second position on the first arm may be from 0.1 to 0.9, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.8, still more preferably from 0.3 to 0.7, in particular from 0.4 to 0.6. A preferred ratio is from 0.4 to 0.55. The ratio of the distance between the first position and the third position on the first arm and the distance between the first position and the second position on the first arm is preferably less than 0.75, more preferably less than 0.65, more preferably less than 0.55. A ratio of up to 0.5 has been found to be particularly suitable. One particularly preferred embodiment of the assembly has the ratio of the distance between the first position and the third position on the first arm and the distance between the first position and the second position on the first arm about 0.4 to 0.5.

The second connecting arm is further connected to the second arm at a third position on the second arm. In one embodiment of the assembly, the third position is spaced apart from and between the first and second positions on the second arm. In an alternative embodiment, the third position on the second arm coincides with the second position on the second arm, such that the second connecting arm is connected to both the second and third arms. This arrangement has the advantage of being particularly compact.

The third position on the second arm is at or spaced from the second position on the second arm and may be at any suitable position. In particular, the ratio of the distance between the first position and the third position on the second arm and the distance between the first position and the second position on the second arm may be from 0.8 to 1.0, more preferably from 0.85 to 1.0, still more preferably from 0.875 to 1.0, in particular from 0.9 to 1.0. A preferred ratio is from 0.925 to 1.0. One particularly preferred embodiment of the assembly has the ratio of the distance between the first position and the third position on the second arm and the distance between the first position and the second position on the second arm about 0.95 to 1.0.

The second connecting arm may have any suitable length. Its length is preferably the distance between the positions on the first and second arms between which the second connecting arm extends.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the lever assembly, the lengths of the first, second and third arms, and first and second connecting arms are selected in accordance with the above criteria and to fold up when in the retracted position to lie between the first and second fixed pivots. It is a particular advantage that the assembly can be arranged to be in such a compact form when in the retracted position. In a preferred embodiment, the first, second and third arms and first and second connecting arms are formed with portions having I' and L' shapes in cross-section, with the portions being arranged to allow the arms to be accommodated within one another when in the retracted position.

In operation, two or more arms of the lever assembly cross each other. To provide increased stability to the lever assembly, a first arm that crosses a second arm may be provided with a sliding connection to the second arm. Preferably, a first arm of the assembly is provided with a sliding member thereon, the sliding member being connected, preferably pivotally connected, to a second arm. In a preferred arrangement one of the first or second arms of the lever assembly is provided with a sliding member, the sliding member being pivotally connected to the other of the first and second arms.

The lever assembly may be driven by any suitable means, as noted above.

In one preferred embodiment, the lever assembly is driven by a manually operated jack.

The lever assembly preferably comprises further linkages to other components of the building assembly, if present. For example, the lever assembly preferably comprises appropriate linkages, such as rods, levers, cables or the like, to move any wall portions or floor portions that may be present.

A single lever assembly may be provided to support and move one or components of the component assembly of the building assembly. More preferably, in particular for assemblies, a plurality of lever assemblies are provided, the lever assemblies being operable in unison. For example, in one preferred arrangement, the component assembly is provided with a lever assembly on each side thereof, that is each side extending outwards from the building structure in the extended condition.

As noted above, the building assembly may comprise one or more roof portions. The arrangements described may comprise a roof portion as part of one or more of the component assemblies. However, a further aspect of the present invention provides an improved roof assembly for an expandable building structure, such as the assemblies described above.

Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides an expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a roof assembly comprising a roof portion; wherein in the retracted condition, the roof portion forms a portion of an outer wall of the building assembly; and in the expanded condition, the roof portion forms a portion of the roof of the building assembly, in the expanded condition, the roof portion being rotated and displaced relative to its position in the retracted condition.

The building assembly of this aspect of the invention comprises a roof assembly that is moveable between a retracted position and an expanded position, in particular being both displaced and rotated in moving between the aforementioned positions.

In the retracted condition, the roof portion forms part or all of an outer wall of the building assembly. Preferably, the roof portion provides an exterior surface of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.

In the retracted condition, the roof portion may be in any suitable orientation, in particular extend at any angle to the vertical to form a wall of the building assembly. Preferably, the roof portion extends substantially vertically when in the retracted condition. However, the roof portion may lie in other orientations, as required.

In the expanded condition, the roof portion forms part of the roof of the building assembly, in particular with the roof portion providing part or all of the roof surface of the building assembly. In the expanded condition, the roof portion may be in any suitable orientation, in particular be at any suitable angle to the horizontal. In one embodiment, the roof portion extends substantially horizontally. However, the roof portion may extend at an angle to the horizontal, as required.

When moving between the retracted condition and the expanded condition, the roof portion is both rotated and displaced. This is in contrast to the roof portion merely rotating about its position, for example by being hinged or otherwise pivotally mounted at one edge to the structure of the building assembly, as is the case with

some prior art assemblies.

The roof portion may be mounted in any suitable manner, to allow it to rotate and be displaced in moving between the retracted and expanded conditions. In one preferred embodiment, the roof portion is pivotally mounted at a pivot connection to the permanent, that is immovable, structure of the building assembly, with the pivot connection being displaced from, that is at a distance from, the roof portion.

Preferably, the pivot connection is located on the building assembly inwards of the roof portion when in the retracted condition.

In one embodiment, the roof assembly further comprises a support member extending from the roof portion and supporting the roof portion, in particular supporting the roof portion in the expanded condition. Preferably, the support member extends between the roof portion and the aforementioned pivot connection.

That is, the roof assembly is rotatable about the connection between the support member and the structure of the building assembly.

The support member may extend at any suitable angle to the roof portion. In one preferred embodiment, the support member extends substantially perpendicular to the roof portion.

The support member may be in any suitable orientation when in the retracted condition. In one preferred embodiment, the support member extends substantially horizontally. In one advantageous embodiment, the support member forms part or all of the roof of the building assembly when in the retracted condition, in particular a horizontal portion of the roof.

I

The support member of the roof assembly may be in any suitable orientation when in the expanded condition. In one embodiment, the support member extends substantially vertically in the expanded condition.

The building assembly may comprise a single roof assembly as hereinbefore described. Alternatively, the building assembly may comprise two or more such assemblies. In one embodiment, the building assembly comprises a first roof assembly and a second roof assembly, wherein the first and second roof assemblies are arranged such that the roof portions thereof are adjacent when in the expanded condition, preferably together forming a continuous roof surface, for example a horizontal roof.

In one embodiment, the building assembly of the present invention comprises one or more component assemblies as hereinbefore described, each movable along a respective horizontal axis, and one or more roof assemblies as hereinbefore described. The or each component assembly forms part of one storey of the building assembly when in the expanded condition, the roof portion of the component assembly forming the floor of a storey thereabove. The or each roof assembly is arranged to form the roof of the storey above the storey containing the or each component assembly. The roof assembly may provide a roof, for example of a terrace. More preferably, one or more side walls are provided to extend between the roof portion of the roof assembly and the component assembly therebelow, to form a partial or complete enclosure, such as a room. The side walls may be provided in any suitable manner, for example being foldable and/or hingedly attached to the roof portion of the roof assembly or the component assembly therebelow.

The building assembly of the present invention may be a stand alone structure. Alternatively, the assembly may be provided as part of a larger building structure, either temporary or permanent.

Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides a building comprising a building assembly as hereinbelore described.

The building may comprise a single building assembly. Alternatively, the building may comprise a plurality of building assemblies spaced around its footprint.

In the case of a multi-storey building the assemblies may be at the same or different elevations on the building.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 a is a perspective view of a building assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention in the retracted condition; Figure lb is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 1 a along the line b-b; Figure 1 c is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 1 a along the line c -c; Figure 2a is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure la in a first partially expanded condition; Figure 2b is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 2a corresponding to Figure lb; Figure 3a is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure la in a second partially expanded condition; Figure 3b is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 3a corresponding to Figure lc; Figure 4a is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure la in a third partially expanded condition; Figure 4b is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 4a corresponding to Figure lc; Figure 5a is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure la in a second partially expanded condition; Figure 5b is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 5a corresponding to Figure lc; Figure 6a is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure la in a fully expanded condition; Figure 6b is a vertical cross-section through the assembly of Figure 6a corresponding to Figure lc; Figure Gc is a plan view of the interior of the building assembly of Figure 6a viewed in the direction Y; Figure 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a building assembly of a further embodiment of the present invention comprising a roof assembly of the present invention in the retracted condition; Figure 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the building assembly of Figure 7 with the roof assembly in a partially expanded condition; Figure 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the building assembly of Figure 7 in the expanded condition; Figure 10 is a perspective view of a building assembly according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in a first, partially expanded condition;

I

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in a second, partially expanded condition; Figure 13 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in a third, partially expanded condition; Figure 14 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in a fourth, partially expanded condition; Figure 15 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in a fifth, partially expanded condition; and Figure 16 is a perspective view of the building assembly of Figure 10 in its fully expanded condition.

Turning to Figures 1 to 6, there is shown a building assembly according to a one embodiment of the present invention. The assembly is shown in various stages from the retracted condition in Figures 1 a and lb through to the expanded condition in Figures 6a to 6c.

The building assembly, generally indicated as 2, comprises a generally rectangular central floor assembly 4, supporting members 6 extending vertically upwards from the corners of the central floor 4 and supporting a central roof 8. The floor 4, the supporting members 6 and the roof 8 are permanent parts of the structure of the assembly 2, that is they do not move when the assembly is transformed between the retracted and expanded conditions.

The building assembly 2 comprises a first component assembly, generally indicated as 20, a second component assembly, generally indicated as 22, and a third component assembly, generally indicated as 24. Each of the component assemblies 20, 22, 24 is movable horizontally between a retracted condition, as shown in Figures 1 a and 1 b, to an expanded condition, as shown in Figures 6a to Gc.

In the arrangement shown, the first and second component assemblies 20, 22 are arranged opposite one another and are movable along coincident horizontal axes A and B. The third component assembly 24 is movable along a horizontal axis C, extending perpendicular to the axes A and B. The axes A, B and C are indicated in Figure 6c.

References herein to inner', outer', innermost' and outermost' are with respect to the interior of the building assembly 2 and similar terms are to be understood accordingly.

Turning to the first and second component assemblies 20, 22, these have the same general configuration and comprise the same components. Accordingly, the corresponding components of the first and second component assemblies will be identified using the same reference numerals, but with those of the first component assembly indicated with the suffix a' and those of the second component assembly indicated with the suffix b.

Each component assembly 20, 22 comprises a substantially horizontal roof portion 30a, SOb. As shown in Figure ib, the roof portions SOa, 30b are nested. That is, the roof portions 30a, 3Db lie within the same volume of the interior of the building assembly 2, as defined within the floor 4, the roof 8 and the supporting members 6.

As shown, the roof portion 30a, overlies the roof portion 30b.

Each component assembly 20, 22 further comprises an end wall 32a, 32b.

The end wall 32a, 32b extends substantially vertically from the outer edge of the respective roof portion 30a, 30b. In the retracted condition, shown in Figures la and ic, the end walls 32a, 32b form part of the outer wall of the building assembly 2. It will be appreciated that a movable wall or another component may be provided to overlie the end wall, acting to cover and protect the end walls 32a, 32b when in the retracted condition. An example of such a component is a roof portion, as described hereinbelow with reference to Figures 7 to 9. Each end wall 32a, 32b may be provided with openings for doors and windows, as required. In the embodiment shown in the figures, each end wall 32a, 32b is provided with glazing across a substantial portion, to provide a large window.

Further, each component assembly 20, 22 comprises a pair of opposing side walls 34a, 34b. The side walls 34a, 34b are arranged vertically and pivotally mounted at their outermost edge adjacent the respective end wall 32a, 32b. In this way, the side walls 34a, 34b may be folded to lie parallel to and within the respective end wall 32a, 32b, as shown in Figure ic. Each side wall 34a, 34b may be provided with openings for doors and/or windows as required.

Finally, each of the first and second component assemblies 20, 22 comprises a floor assembly 36a, 3Gb. Each floor assembly 36a, 3Gb comprises two floor panels 38a, 38b hingedly attached to one another. The innermost floor panel 38a, 38b is hingedly attached at its inner edge to the central floor 4, while the outermost floor panel 38a, 38b is hingedly attached at its outer edge to the respective end panel 32a, 32b. As shown in Figure ic, in the retracted condition, the floor panels 38a, 38b are folded and lie vertically within the building assembly 2 in a generally vertical orientation.

Turning to the third component assembly 24, this assembly comprises a substantially horizontal roof portion 40, a substantially vertical end wall 42, substantially vertical opposing side walls 44, and a substantially horizontal floor assembly 46. Unlike the first and second component assemblies, the roof portion 40, the end wall 42, side walls 44 and the floor assembly 46 are secured in position relative to one another to form a rigid structure. In the retracted condition, shown in Figures 1 a and 1 b, the end wall 42 forms part of the outer wall of the building assembly 2. It will be appreciated that a removable wall or other form of cover may be provided to cover and protect the end wall 42 when in the retracted condition.

The end wall 42 may be provided with openings for doors and windows, as required.

As shown in Figures lato lc, the third component assembly 24 lies wholly within both the first and second component assemblies 20, 22 and has its roof portion and side walls nested with respect to components of the first and second component assemblies. In this way, the interior volume of the third component assembly 24 does not contain components of the assemblies and remains unobstructed when in both the retracted and extended conditions and throughout the transition between the two. Accordingly, the third component assembly 24 may be provided in its interior with fixtures and fittings requiring installation and/or of a permanent nature, such as fittings for a bathroom, kitchen or the like.

Each of the component assemblies 20, 22 and 24 are moveable horizontally along the respective axes A, B and C, as shown in Figure 6c. Each component assembly is provided with suitable means to support and guide the assembly in its movement. In particular, rails SOa, 50b are provided to support and guide the roof portions 30a, 3Db of the first and second assemblies. Similarly, rails 52 are provided in the central floor assembly 4 to support and guide the third component assembly 24.

Each of the first, second and third component assemblies 20, 22, 24 is moved and further supported in its horizontal motion by means of lever assemblies 60. Each lever assembly 60 has the configuration described hereinbefore and is as described in detail in GB patent application No. GB1 209982.6. Each of the first, second and third component assemblies 20, 22, 24 is provided with a lever assembly 60 at each side thereof, as shown in the figures.

In operation, the building assembly 2 is typically delivered to a location in the retracted condition, as shown in Figures la to ic. As described above, the first, second and third component assemblies 20, 22, 24 are in the retracted condition, with components nested and folded. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the third building assembly 24 is moved outwards horizontally along the axis C under the action of the lever assemblies 60 and a suitable drive means. The drive means may be manually operated. Figures 2a and 2b show the third component assembly 24 in a partially extended position. Figures 3a and 3b show the third component assembly 24 in its fully extended position.

Thereafter, as shown in Figures 3 to 6, the first and second component assemblies 20, 22 are moved from their retracted conditions to their expanded conditions. In particular, as shown in Figures 3b, 4b and 5b, the roof portions 30a, 30b and the end walls 32a, 32b are moved outwards along the respective axes A and B, under the action of the lever assemblies 60. The action of moving the end walls 32a, 32b outwards causes the floor panels 38a, 38b of the floor assemblies 36a, 36b to unfold and move from the vertical, retracted condition to lie horizontal and form a floor, as shown in Figure 5b. Finally, the side walls 34a, 34b are unfolded to complete the enclosure of each component assembly.

The third component assembly 24 is shown in the figures as being the first assembly to move to the extended position. However, it is to be understood that the order in which the first, second and third component assemblies 20, 22, 24 are moved may be different. The first, second and third component assemblies 20, 22, 24 may be moved individually or two or more assemblies may be moved at the same time.

Turning to Figures 7 to 9, there is shown a building assembly, generally indicated as 102, comprising a roof assembly according to the present invention.

The building assembly 102 has the generally configuration described above with respect to Figures 1 to 6, having fixed central floor assembly, a roof and supporting members. The building assembly 102 further comprises first and second component assemblies, details of which are as described above with respect to the embodiment of Figures ito 6, to which reference is now made. Figures 7 to 9 will be further discussed in relation to the arrangement and operation of the roof assembly.

The embodiment shown in Figures 7 to 9 comprises a first roof assembly 106 and a second roof assembly 108. The first and second roof assemblies 106, 108 have the same general configuration and comprise the same components.

Accordingly, the corresponding components of the first and second assemblies will be identified using the same reference numerals, but with those of the first component assembly indicated with the suffix a' and those of the second component assembly indicated with the suffix b.

Each roof assembly 106, 108 comprises a roof portion 11 Oa, ii Ob, a support member ii 2a, ii 2b extending from one edge of the respective roof portion 11 Oa, ilObto a respective pivot mounting 114a, 114b. The pivot mountings 114a, 114b are located centrally on the roof of the building assembly 102, as shown in Figure 7.

Each support member 11 2a, ii 2b extends to an edge of the respective roof portion 11 Oa, ii Ob. Each roof portion 11 Oa, ii Ob extends perpendicular to its support member 112a, 112b.

In the retracted condition, shown in Figure 7, each support member 11 2a, ii 2b lies horizontally across the roof of the building assembly 102, with the respective support member ii Oa, 11 Ob extending vertically down a side of the building assembly. In this condition, each roof portion 11 Oa, ii Ob is at the exterior of the building assembly 102 and forms an external side wall of the assembly.

In operation, each roof assembly 106, 108 is moved about its pivot connection 114a, 114b, as shown in Figure 8, to the expanded condition shown in Figure 9. In the expanded condition, each support member 112a, 112b extends substantially vertically above the respective pivot connection 11 4a, 1 14b. The roof portions 11 Oa, 11 Ob extend horizontally and form a substantially continuous roof. As will be noted from Figures 7 to 9, in moving from the retracted condition to the expanded condition, each roof portion liQa, hUb is both rotated and displaced. In particular, the roof portions 11 Oa, 11 Ob extend above the central roof of the building assembly. As will be described in more detail below, this allows the building assembly to be expanded from the condition shown in Figure 7 to a multi-storey building.

Two roof assemblies 106, 108 have been shown in Figures 7 to9, with the assemblies moving together. It will be appreciated that different configurations and numbers of roof assemblies may be provided, as required. Similarly, the roof assemblies may be moved in succession, or together, as shown and described herein.

Turning to Figures 10 to 16, there is shown a further embodiment of a building assembly according to the present invention. The building assembly, generally indicated as 202, comprises a first end unit 204 and a second end unit 206, disposed at opposing ends of a central unit 208. Each of the first and second end units 204, 206 has the general arrangement and configuration shown in Figures 1 to 6 and described above. Accordingly, each end unit 204, 206 comprises first, second and third component assemblies 210, 212, 214, shown in their retracted conditions in Figure 10 and in their fully expanded conditions in Figure 16.

The central unit 208 comprises opposing first and second component assemblies 216, 218 each movable between a retracted condition, shown in Figure 10, and an expanded condition shown in Figure 16. Each of the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 of the central unit 208 have the same general arrangement and function as the first and second component assemblies shown in Figures 1 to 6 and described above. The central unit 208 further comprises an opposing pair of roof assemblies 220, each having the general arrangement and function of the roof assembly shown in Figures 7 to 9 and described above.

The operation of the assembly 202 is shown in sequence in the figures, with the assembly moving from the retracted condition to the expanded condition from Figure lOto Figure 16.

In a first operation, the third component assembly 214 of each end unit 204, 206 is moved into its fully expanded condition, as shown in Figure 11.

Further, the roof assembly 220 of the central unit 208 is moved from the retracted condition shown in Figure 10, through the partially expanded condition shown in Figure 11 to its fully expanded condition shown in Figure 12. In the embodiment shown in Figures 10 to 16, the roof assembly 220 is provided with hingedly mounted side walls 222. In the retracted condition, the side walls 222 lie horizontally on the roof of the central unit 208 between the support members of the roof assembly 220. In the condition shown in Figure 13, the side walls 222 have been unfolded and serve to enclose the space between the end portions of the central unit 208 and the roof assembly 220. The side walls 222 may be provided with openings for windows and/or doors, as required.

In the condition shown in Figure 14, the first and second component assemblies 210, 212, 216, 218 of the end units 204, 206 and the central unit 208 have been moved to their fully expanded positions, as described above with reference to Figures Ga, Gb and 6c.

The first and second component assemblies 216, 218 of the central unit are provided with components in addition to those described above and shown in Figures ito 6. In particular, each of the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 is provided with a hinged end wall 224 and a plurality of hinged walls 226. In the retracted condition, the hinged walls 224 lie substantially horizontally on the respective roof portion of the component assembly. As shown in Figure 15, with the roof assembly 220 and the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 in their expanded conditions, the hinged walls 224 are raised to the position shown in Figure 16. As can be seen in Figure 16, the waIls 224, 226 when raised serve to enclose the space between the root portion of the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 of the central unit 208 and the root portion 220. Again, the walls 224, 226 may be provided with window and/or door openings, as required. It will be understood that the root portion ot the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 ot the central unit 208 torms the tloor ot the space above and that the central unit 208 in the expanded condition comprises two storeys, a first storey provided by the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 ot the central unit 208 and a second storey provided between the first and second component assemblies 216, 218 ot the central unit 208 and the expanded roof assembly 220.

Claims

CLAIMS1. An expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a first component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition and extending from the first volume in a first direction in the expanded condition, the first component assembly moving between the retracted and expanded conditions along a first axis; and a second component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition and extending from the first volume in a second direction in the expanded condition, the second component assembly moving between the retracted and expanded conditions along a second axis; wherein the second axis is at an angle to the first axis.
2. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the assembly has a first footprint when in the retracted condition, the first footprint being rectangular.
3. The assembly according to claim 2, wherein the assembly has a first footprint the size of a standard container.
4. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the first and/or second axis is linear.
5. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the first axis is horizontal.
6. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the second axis is horizontal.
7. The assembly according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second axis is vertical.
8. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the second axis is at an angle of about 90°to the first axis.
9. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein each component assembly comprises one or more components forming part of the exterior of the building assembly when in the expanded condition.
10. The assembly according to claim 9, wherein each component assembly comprises one or more components selected from a roof portion, a side wall, an end wall, and a floor portion.
11. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or both of the first and second component assemblies comprises an end wall.
12. The assembly according to claim 11, wherein the or each end wall forms an outer wall of the assembly when in the expanded condition.
13. The assembly according to either of claims 11 or 12, wherein the or each end wall forms an outer wall of the assembly when in the retracted condition.
14. The assembly according to any of claims 11 to 13, wherein the or each end wall is disposed in the same orientation in both the retracted and the expanded conditions.
15. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or both of the first and second component assemblies comprises a roof portion.
16. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein the or each of the roof portions is partly or wholly within the interior of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.
17. The assembly according to claim 16, wherein in the retracted condition the or each of the roof portions does not form part of the roof of the assembly.
18. The assembly according to any of claims 15 to 17, wherein the or each of the roof portions extends horizontally when in the expanded condition.
19. The assembly according to any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the or each roof portion does not change shape or form in moving between the retracted and expanded conditions.
20. The assembly according to any of claims 15 to 19, wherein the or each roof portion is disposed in the same orientation in the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
21. The assembly according to claim 20, wherein the or each roof portion is horizontal in both the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
22. The assembly according to any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the or each roof portion is folded in the retracted condition.
23. The assembly according to claim 22, wherein the or each roof portion unfolds as the respective component assembly moves from the retracted condition to the expanded condition.
24. The assembly according to any of claims 15 to 23, wherein in the expanded condition, the or each roof portion forms part or all of the floor of a storey thereabove.
25. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or both of the first and second component assemblies comprises a floor portion.
26. The assembly according to claim 25, wherein the or each of the floor portions is partly or wholly within the interior of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.
27. The assembly according to claim 26, wherein in the retracted condition the or each of the floor portions does not form part of the floor of the assembly.
28. The assembly according to any of claims 25 to 27, wherein one or both floor portions extends horizontally when in the expanded condition.
29. The assembly according to any of claims 25 to 28, wherein the or each floor portion does not change shape or form in moving between the retracted and expanded conditions.
30. The assembly according to any of claims 25 to 29, wherein the or each floor portion is disposed in the same orientation in the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
31. The assembly according to claim 30, wherein the or each floor portion is horizontal in both the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
32. The assembly according to any of claims 25 to 28, wherein the or each floor portion is folded in the retracted condition.
33. The assembly according to claim 32, wherein the or each floor portion unfolds as the respective component assembly moves from the retracted condition to the expanded condition.
34. The assembly according to any of claims 25 to 33, wherein in the expanded condition, the or each floor portion forms pad or all of the roof of a storey therebelow.
35. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or both of the first and second component assemblies comprises a side wall.
36. The assembly according to claim 35, wherein the or each of the side walls is partly or wholly within the interior of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.
37. The assembly according to claim 36, wherein in the retracted condition the or each side wall does not form part of a wall of the assembly.
38. The assembly according to any of claims 35 to 37, wherein one or both side walls extends vertically when in the expanded condition.
39. The assembly according to any of claims 35 to 38, wherein the or each side wall does not change shape or form in moving between the retracted and expanded conditions.
40. The assembly according to any of claims 35 to 39, wherein the or each side wall is disposed in the same orientation in the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
41. The assembly according to claim 40, wherein the or each side wall is vertical in both the retracted condition and the expanded condition.
42. The assembly according to any of claims 35 to 38, wherein the or each side wall is folded in the retracted condition.
43. The assembly according to claim 42, wherein the or each side wall unfolds as the respective component assembly moves from the retracted condition to the expanded condition.
44. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the first and second component assemblies comprises a roof portion, an end wall, and opposing side walls, the configuration of the aforesaid components remaining unchanged as the assembly moves between the retracted and expanded conditions.
45. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or more components of the both the first and second component assemblies are nested when in the retracted condition.
46. The assembly according to claim 45, wherein not all of the components of both the first and second component assemblies are nested in the retracted condition.
47. An expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a first component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the first component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; and a second component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the second component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; wherein, when the first and second component assemblies are both in the retracted condition, some but not all of the building components of the first and second component assemblies are nested with respect to one another.
48. The assembly according to claim 47, wherein the first component assembly moves along a first axis and the second component assembly moves along a second axis, the first and second axes being parallel or coincident.I
49. The assembly according to claim 47, wherein the first component assembly moves along a first axis and the second component assembly moves along a second axis, the first and second axes being at an angle to one another.
50. The assembly according to claim 49, wherein the first axis is perpendicular to the second axis.
51. The assembly according to any of claims 47 to 50, further comprising a third component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the third component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; wherein, when the first and/or second component assemblies and the third component assembly are in the retracted condition, some but not all of the building components of the first and/or second component assemblies and the third component assembly are nested with respect to one another.
52. The assembly according to claim 51, further comprising a fourth component assembly occupying the first volume in the retracted condition, movable between the retracted condition and an expanded condition, the fourth component assembly having a plurality of building components selected from a roof portion, a floor portion, a first side wall and a second side wall; wherein, when the first and/or second and/or third component assemblies and the fourth component assembly are in the retracted condition, some but not all of the building components of the first and/or second and/or third component assemblies and the fourth component assembly are nested with respect to one another.
53. The assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein one or more components of a component assembly are moved between the retracted condition and the extended condition by means of a lever assembly.
54. The assembly according to claim 53, wherein the lever assembly comprises: a first arm rotatable at a first position thereon about a first fixed pivot; a second arm rotatable at a first position thereon about a second fixed pivot, the second fixed pivot spaced apart from the first fixed pivot; a third arm pivotably connected at a first position thereon to the second arm at a second position on the second arm, the second position spaced apart from the first position on the second arm; a first connecting arm extending between the first arm and the third arm, the first connecting arm pivotably connected to a second position on the first arm spaced apart from the first position and pivotably connected to the third arm at a second position thereon spaced apart from the first position thereon; and a second connecting arm extending between the first arm and the second arm, the second connecting arm pivotably connected to a third position on the first arm disposed between the first and second positions thereon and pivotably connected to a third position on the second arm at a third position thereon.
55. An expandable building assembly, the building assembly having a retracted condition, in which the components of the building assembly are within a first volume, and an expanded condition, in which components of the building assembly extend outside the first volume and define a second volume, the second volume being greater than the first volume, the building assembly comprising: a roof assembly comprising a roof portion; wherein in the retracted condition, the roof portion forms a portion of an outer wall of the building assembly; and in the expanded condition, the roof portion forms a portion of the roof of the building assembly, in the expanded condition, the roof portion being rotated and displaced relative to its position in the retracted condition.
56. The assembly according to claim 55, wherein in the retracted condition, the roof portion provides an exterior surface of the building assembly.
57. The assembly according to either of claims 55 or 56, wherein the roof portion extends vertically when in the retracted condition.
58. The assembly according to any of claims 55 to 57, wherein the roof portion extends substantially horizontally when in the extended condition.
59. The assembly according to any of claims 55 to 58, wherein the roof portion is moveable about a pivot connection to a permanent structure of the building assembly, the roof portion displaced from the pivot connection and connected thereto.
60. The assembly according to claim 59, wherein the pivot connection is located on the building assembly inwards of the roof portion, when in the retracted condition.
61. The assembly according to either of claims 59 or 60, wherein the roof assembly further comprises a support member extending between the roof portion and the pivot connection, the roof assembly being rotatable about the pivot connection.
62. The assembly according to claim 61. wherein the support member extends substantially perpendicular to the roof portion.
63. The assembly according to either of claims 61 or 62, wherein the support member extends substantially horizontally when in the retracted condition.
64. The assembly according to any of claims 61 to 63, wherein the support member forms a portion of the roof of the building assembly when in the retracted condition.
65. The assembly according to any of claims 61 to 64, wherein the support member extends substantially vertically when in the extended condition.
66. The assembly according to any of claims 55 to 65, comprising a first roof assembly and a second roof assembly.
67. The assembly according to claim 66, wherein the roof portion of the first roof assembly is adjacent the roof portion of the second roof assembly in the extended condition.I
68. The assembly according to claim 67, wherein the said roof portions form a substantially continuous roof in the extended condition.
69. The assembly according to any of claims 55 to 68, further comprising side walls for extending from the or each roof portion to form an enclosure, when in the extended condition.
70. A building assembly substantially as hereinbefore described having reference to Figures ito 6 or Figures 7to 9 or Figures 10 to 16.
71. A building comprising a building assembly according to any preceding claim.