GB2505444A - High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant - Google Patents
High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2505444A GB2505444A GB1215416.7A GB201215416A GB2505444A GB 2505444 A GB2505444 A GB 2505444A GB 201215416 A GB201215416 A GB 201215416A GB 2505444 A GB2505444 A GB 2505444A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- lng
- plant
- high pressure
- pressure swing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
- B01D53/053—Pressure swing adsorption with storage or buffer vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
A pressure swing absorption process operating at high pressure is used to purify the feed natural gas 20 to an LNG plant. The pressure swing absorption process removes CO2, H20 and other impurities from the feed gas 20 and maintains the pressure of the feed gas 20 for further processing in the LNG plant.
Description
Pressure Swing Absorption Natural Gas Purification In An LNG Plant
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
(001) The invention relates to liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants.
BACKGROUND OF THE iNVENTION
(002) LNG is predominantly methane that has been convened from gas to liquid fonii for ease of storage and transportation. This is because LNG takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state.
*:* (003) A typical process for obtaining LNG is depicted in the drawing figure. In particular, * raw natural gas is first transported to the plant and then is processed to remove impurity gases, such as C02, H2S, and condensates such as water, oil, mud, and any trace amounts of *** . : mercury. Once purified, the natural gas is then cooled down in stages and condensed until liquefied. The resulting LNG is stored in tanks ready for shipment to market. * .*
(004) The purification of natural gas uses a conventional amine absorption process to *..*.
* remove the H2S, CO2 and other impurities. The amine absorption process requires the use of wet chemicals, such as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), methyldiethanolarninc (MDEA), diisopropylamine (DIPA) and diglycolamin (DGA), which are classified as hazardous materials. The use of such chemicals increases the safety risk and requires a complicated process that equipment and operational costs for the plant.
(005) There is a need in the art for improvements to LNG plant design and operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
(006) The invention provides a new method for purification of feed natural gas for an LNG plant. In particular, a pressure swing absorption process is used in place of the conventional amine absorption process.
BRIEF DESCRIPTiON OF THE DRAWINGS
(007) Figure 1 is a general flow diagram for LNG production.
(008) Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(009) The invention relates to methods of purifying the feed natural gas for an LNG plant using a pressure swing absorption (PSA) operation.
(010) Low pressure PSA processes operate at a maximum of 10 Barg which is not sufficient for natural gas feeds to LNG plants. If low pressure PSA is used, then the natural gas must be : recompressed following purification before being liquefied in the following stages of the * :" LNG plant. Clearly this is disadvantageous, requiring further equipment, such as a compressor, process complexity and attendant costs therefore. S... * . . *
(011) Therefore, the invention uses high pressure PSA. Not only does this avoid the risks * * associated with the wet, hazardous chemicals of the conventional amine absorption but also eliminates the need for recompression necessary if using low pressure PSA. * .
(012) The high pressure PSA according to the invention operates as about 25 Barg. The system of the invention comprises a valve and pipe skid with four or more adsorber vessels arid a separately skid mounted vacuum pump. Buffer tanks are provided for certain lines to provide surge volume and smooth flows. The system works by passing the compressed feed gas through a fixed bed of adsorbent. The adsorbent is a solid material that will adsorb and hold the C02, I-12S, H20 and other impurities, which the mcthanc in thc natural gas passes through the bed at essentially the feed pressure. When one bed is saturated with CO2/H20 etc, the feed is switched to a different vessel having its own adsorbent bed and the saturated bed is regenerated by decreasing the pressure thereby releasing the captured impurities. The regenerated bed can then be repressurized to feed pressure to be ready for feed gas processing when needed. these systems are designed to operate unattended with only periodic checks to assure normal operation. The system can automatically adjust to changes I feed rate and is very flexible for a range of feed compositions and product purity requirements.
(013) One example of a system according to the invention is shown in table I below. This system is designed for operation with a feed gas pressure of 25 Barg at a flow rate of 133 kgmollhr. This system is also designed for a high 97% recovery rate having a low pressure tail gas at 0.15 Barg. Both C02 and water are removed and produce two streams, a recycle stream and a product stream. The product stream has a C02 content of less than 50 ppm and a water content of less than 1 ppm.
Feed Gas Product Stream Tail Gas Flow, kgmolthr 133 128 5 Pressure, Barg 25 24.3 0.25 * *: Temperature, C 20 40 80 * . Composition, Mole % * * * ** * Cl 98.00 99.00 73.59 * * N2 1.00 1.00 7.51 C02 1.00 25-SOppm 25.65 H20 Pipeline Levels < 1 ppm By Difference (014) Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system according to the invention, wherein a high pressure PSA 10, purifies feed gas 20, to produce a product stream 30, a recycle steam and tail gas 50. The product stream 30 is sent to the further processes of the LNG plant for liquification.
(015) The invention provides several advantages. By using a PSA process for purification of the fccd gas, thc risks associated with the usc of wet, hazardous chemicals of conventional amine absorption are avoided. Further, by using a high pressure PSA process, the need for recompression following a low pressure PSA process is eliminated. This increases efficiency of the LNG plant and lowers the cost of equipment and operation.
(016) It will be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and that one skilled in the art may make variations aid modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as described above, Further, all embodiments disclosed are not necessarily in the alternative, as various embodiments of the invention may bc combined to provide the desired result. * * * * ** *
* **.** * * * * * ** *
S S.. * ** * S * * .* * * .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1215416.7A GB2505444A (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1215416.7A GB2505444A (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201215416D0 GB201215416D0 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| GB2505444A true GB2505444A (en) | 2014-03-05 |
Family
ID=47074956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1215416.7A Withdrawn GB2505444A (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2505444A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5411721A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1995-05-02 | Uop | Process for the rejection of CO2 from natural gas |
| US20050139072A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Landrum J. M. | Process to remove nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide from methane-containing streams |
-
2012
- 2012-08-30 GB GB1215416.7A patent/GB2505444A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5411721A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1995-05-02 | Uop | Process for the rejection of CO2 from natural gas |
| US20050139072A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Landrum J. M. | Process to remove nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide from methane-containing streams |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201215416D0 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8282707B2 (en) | Natural gas purification system | |
| US8454727B2 (en) | Treatment of natural gas feeds | |
| CN105749699B (en) | Full-temperature-range pressure swing adsorption gas separation, purification and purification method | |
| CA2911820C (en) | Methods and systems of enhanced carbon dioxide recovery | |
| AU2008336265B2 (en) | A plant and process for recovering carbon dioxide | |
| AU2016378831A1 (en) | Method for producing biomethane by purifying biogas from non-hazardous waste storage facilities and facility for implementing the method | |
| AU2011271029B2 (en) | Integrated membrane and adsorption system for carbon dioxide removal from natural gas | |
| US9365423B2 (en) | Method and device for separating hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen production system using the same | |
| JP6679572B2 (en) | Removal of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from fluid streams | |
| JP6297006B2 (en) | Carbon dioxide production facility and carbon dioxide production method | |
| KR101658448B1 (en) | Multi-step hybrid apparatus for removal of acidic gas and moisture from natural gas and the method therewith | |
| WO2017056135A1 (en) | Nonhydrocarbon gas separation device and nonhydrocarbon gas separation method | |
| TW201807176A (en) | Systems and processes for natural gas liquid recovery | |
| WO2017056134A1 (en) | Nonhydrocarbon gas separation device and nonhydrocarbon gas separation method | |
| GB2505444A (en) | High pressure swing absorption natural gas purification in a liquid natural gas (LNG) plant | |
| AU2013231263A1 (en) | Combined gas processing | |
| JP2011068751A (en) | Method and apparatus for decarboxylating and desulfurizing raw material gas | |
| US20160131423A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen | |
| TWI698396B (en) | Carbon dioxide separation and recovery method and separation and recovery system | |
| CN105705217A (en) | Unit and method for purifying CO2 by adsorption | |
| Drioli et al. | CO2-CH4 Membrane Separation | |
| Istadi | Overview of Gas Plant Processing | |
| GB2505240A (en) | Ejector for temperature swing absorption process in an LNG plant |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |