GB2478132A - Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures. - Google Patents

Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures. Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2478132A
GB2478132A GB1003184A GB201003184A GB2478132A GB 2478132 A GB2478132 A GB 2478132A GB 1003184 A GB1003184 A GB 1003184A GB 201003184 A GB201003184 A GB 201003184A GB 2478132 A GB2478132 A GB 2478132A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
scr
absorber
dpf
diesel
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1003184A
Other versions
GB201003184D0 (en
Inventor
Michael A Potter
Alessandra Chianale
Andrea De Filippo
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority to GB1003184A priority Critical patent/GB2478132A/en
Publication of GB201003184D0 publication Critical patent/GB201003184D0/en
Priority to CN2011100365115A priority patent/CN102168596A/en
Priority to US13/033,851 priority patent/US20110203262A1/en
Publication of GB2478132A publication Critical patent/GB2478132A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
    • F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A device for reducing NOx emission in the engine exhaust stream of a Diesel engine system, the engine system comprising an exhaust line having at least a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst, DOC, a Diesel Particulate Filter, DPF, and a Selective Catalyst Reduction, SCR, system, whereby inside the DPF a NOx absorber is provided, which is suitable to store NOx at low temperatures and subsequently release NOx when a target temperature is reached. Preferably the target temperature of the NOx absorber is correlated to the activation temperature of the SCR system, the NOx absorber is distributed in the inlet channels of the DPF and comprises a washcoat element. The SCR system may be an under floor SCR.

Description

DEVICE FOR RSDUCING NOx EMISSION IN A DIESEL ENGINE SYSTEM TEICAL FlEW The present disclosure relates to a device for reducing NO emission in a diesel engine system.
BAcK3ND Diesel emission legislation requires the use of a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) to reduce the particles emitted and be compliant with Euro 5 emission requirements. Future Diesel emission legislation will also require more stringent NO emission levels.
As it is known, lean NO Trap (LNT) and Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) systems are two of the aftertreatment systems that can be used to reach NO emission target as required by legislation.
In particular, a Selective Catalytic Reduction system (SCR) is a catalytic device in which the nitrogen oxides (NO) contained in the exhaust gas are reduced into diatanic nitrogen (N2) and water (H20), with the aid of a gaseous reducing agent, typically ainnonia (NH3) that can be obtained by urea (CH4N2O) thermo-hydrolysis and that is absorbed inside catalyst. Typically, urea is injected in the exhaust line and mixed with the exhaust gas upstream the SCR.
SCR systems are very effective in NO reduction but require periodic injection of urea. The injection of urea is possible only above a certain temperature to avoid NH3 slip and deposits. Such temperature is a function of the specific SCR system used, typically around 180 °C.
Additionally how fast such temperature is reached is function of different driving profiles, namely a urban driving profile or an extra urban profile give rise to different exhaust temperatures.
In driving profiles characterized by low exhaust temperature the SCR catalyst may have not reached the required activation temperature and thus cannot be efficient for NOx reduction. Before urea injection starts, the SCR inlet temperature must reach the activation temperature otherwise urea will not begin theimo-hydrolysis and, as a result, contribute to NH3 slip over catalyst. As additional consequence, deposit over injector and pipes may occur.
As a consequence of this temperature dependence, there is a sensible risk of a low NO conversion efficiency due to slip of NO during the cold phase of a cycle while waiting to reach a higher temperature.
In order to improve overall NO reduction efficiency, some actual solutions consider the NO absorber technology to be used in Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) system.
An object of an embodiment disclosed is to provide an aftertreatment device able to reach a good NO conversion efficiency during all driving profiles, both at low and high exhaust gas temperatures.
Pnother object is to provide a particulate filter with added NO absorber capability in combination with an underfloor SCR.
Another object of the present disclosure is to rret these goals by means of a simple, rational and inexpensive solution.
These objects are achieved by a device having the features recited in the independent claim.
The dependent claims delineate preferred and/or especially advantageous aspects.
SRY
An embodiment of the disclosure provides for a device for reducing NC, emission in the engine exhaust stream of a Diesel engine system, the engine system comprising an exhaust line having at least a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and a Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system, whereby inside the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) a NQ absorber is provided, said NO absorber being suitable to store said NO and subsequently release said NO when a target temperature is reached.
This embodiment has the advantage of being designed as a NO trap enhancing NO storage capabilities at low temperature without adding further catalysts and consequently reduce NO emission in the engine exhaust stream.
Another embodiment provides for a NO, absorber that is suitable to release said NO when a target temperature is reached, said target temperature being correlated to the activation temperature of said Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system.
This embodiment has the advantage of synchronizing the activation of the Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) in correspondence of the release of the Nc by the NO absorber in the DPF achieving a better management of urea.
In another embodiment said NO absorber is distributed over the inlet channels of said Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).
This embodiment has the advantage of inçroving genera]. NO nission reduction, especially at low terature, without the need of adding any other catalyst or devi.ce.
another embodiment provides for the fact that the Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system is an underfloor SCR.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DPAWINGS
The various embodiments will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device of the disclosure in its positioning inside the engine exhaust system; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device in a first operative state; and Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device in a second operative state.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to the drawings.
A Diesel engine exhaust line 10 is depicted in figure 1, whereby the line 10 has a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) 11, a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 12, or equivalent device, and a Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system 13, this latter being provided with a tank 14 for a reducing agent such as for example urea.
As shown in fig 2, the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 11 has an additional NO absorber 20, providing a NO absorber function for storing and releasing NO), emissions in the engine exhaust stream.
Therefore in the embodiment described, to enhance the NO, reduction also during any cold cycle phase during use of the vehicle, the additional NO absorber 20 is used before the SCR system 13.
Such NC absorber 20 is able to trap the NO during cold phase and to release them by thermal desorption, as schnatical].y shown in fig. 3, when the SCR is active and urea is injected.
A target taTerathre may be then defined as a tanperature, typical of the NO absorber 20 technology, at which the NO, traed in the absorber 20 are released without any external aid or action such as, for exaiTp].e, additional additives or engine managanent modifications.
This tatperature is normally about 180-200°C, depending' of typology of the absorber technology.
NO stored are function of the NO storage capacity and of substrate temperature but, according to the embodiment described, they can be released by thermal desorption.
It is emphasized that with this device there is no need of rich combustion to achieve NO desorption at the target temperature.
A preferred embodiment of the NO absorber in the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 12 comprises a NO absorber made of a washcoat element to enhance NO storing capabilities.
Also the NC absorber washcoat element is designed in a way that when the thermal desorption occurs, the SCR is already active and urea can be injected.
As results the overall NO emission can be reduced thanks to a cut on NO emission during cold system tenrature phase.
In particular, the NO absorber 20 in the DPF 12 can guarantee the storage of NO during any low exhaust temperature phase. NO,( stored are function of the NO storage capacity and substrate temperature.
In a preferred embodiment, at said target temperature NO are thermally released from NO absorber in the DPF 12. That specific temperature is correlated to the activation tperature of SCR technology and to the possibility to inject urea so that when the NO are released by the DPF they can be effectively reduced by SCR system. In this way the overall NO emission can be reduced thanks to a cut on NO emission during cold system temperature phase.
Therefore the NO,, absorber as described has mainly the function to store the NO,, derived frat engine operation, for a tatiporary interval of tine until a taiiperature correlated to the SCR activation tatiperature is reached; subsequently the NO,, are released.
In a particularly preferred embodiment the Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system used in the exhaust line is an underfloor SCR.
Furthermore, the NO absorber may be distributed in the inlet channels of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).
By introducing NO absorber functionalities within the inlet part of the DPF, in general NO ission reduction is inroved, especially at low taierathre, without adding any other catalyst or device.
treover, the coating technology needed to distribute the L absorber washcoat inside the DPF may follow the sane procedure used for other catalyst coating.
The embodiments described have several important advantages and benefits.
First, NO emissions in the engine exhaust stream are reduced due to added NOD, storage at low temperature.
Also, SCR system costs relative to current SCR systems may be reduced.
Finally, a better managenent of urea is obtained contributing to reduce urea consumption.
While at least one exemplary embodirtent has been presented in the foregoing summary and detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way. Rather, the foregoing summary and detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope as set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
REFERENCE NURS
exhaust line 11 Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) 12 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 13 Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) 14 urea tank NO absorber cLD

Claims (5)

1. A device for reducing NO emission in the engine exhaust stream of a Diesel engine system, the engine system comprising an exhaust line having at least a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and a Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system, whereby inside the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) a NO absorber is provided, said NO absorber being suitable to store said NO at low exhaust temperature and subsequently release said NO when a target temperature is reached.
2. A device according to claim 1, in which said NO absorber is suitable to release said NO when a target temperature is reached, said target temperature being correlated to the activation temperature of said Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system.
3. A device according to claim 1, in which said NO absorber is distributed in the inlet channels of said Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).
4. A device according to claim 1, in which said NO absorber in the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) comprises a washcoat element.
5. A device according to claim 1, in which said Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) system is an underfloor SCR.
GB1003184A 2010-02-25 2010-02-25 Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures. Withdrawn GB2478132A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1003184A GB2478132A (en) 2010-02-25 2010-02-25 Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures.
CN2011100365115A CN102168596A (en) 2010-02-25 2011-02-12 Device for reducing nox emission in a diesel engine system
US13/033,851 US20110203262A1 (en) 2010-02-25 2011-02-24 Device for reducing nox emission in a diesel engine system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1003184A GB2478132A (en) 2010-02-25 2010-02-25 Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures.

Publications (2)

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GB201003184D0 GB201003184D0 (en) 2010-04-14
GB2478132A true GB2478132A (en) 2011-08-31

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GB1003184A Withdrawn GB2478132A (en) 2010-02-25 2010-02-25 Device to reduce NOx for all driving profiles at both low and high exhaust temperatures.

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CN (1) CN102168596A (en)
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US20130180231A1 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Exhaust aftertreatment system
US8997461B2 (en) 2012-05-21 2015-04-07 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Aftertreatment system having two SCR catalysts
US20130312392A1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2013-11-28 Cary Henry Systems and methods to mitigate nox and hc emissions at low exhaust temperatures
FR3007792B1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-07-17 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa EXHAUST GAS LINE OF A HEAT ENGINE
US9677439B2 (en) 2014-01-20 2017-06-13 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods to mitigate NOx and HC emissions
US9512761B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-12-06 Cummins Inc. Systems and methods for NOx reduction and aftertreatment control using passive NOx adsorption
FR3029800B1 (en) * 2014-12-11 2016-12-16 Ifp Energies Now PRODUCT FOR THE DEPOLLUTION OF EXHAUST GASES, IN PARTICULAR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, AND EXHAUST GAS CLEANING METHOD USING THE SAME.
US20190085746A1 (en) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-21 Caterpillar Inc. Aftertreatment system
US20190234283A1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc ENGINE OUT NOx REDUCTION USING ENHANCED DEF
DE102021107463A1 (en) * 2021-03-25 2022-09-29 Purem GmbH Exhaust/Reactant Mixing Assembly

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Publication number Publication date
CN102168596A (en) 2011-08-31
US20110203262A1 (en) 2011-08-25
GB201003184D0 (en) 2010-04-14

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