GB2477788A - Reducing frictional drag - Google Patents
Reducing frictional drag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2477788A GB2477788A GB1002504A GB201002504A GB2477788A GB 2477788 A GB2477788 A GB 2477788A GB 1002504 A GB1002504 A GB 1002504A GB 201002504 A GB201002504 A GB 201002504A GB 2477788 A GB2477788 A GB 2477788A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- metal ion
- chelating agent
- hydroxyquinoline
- chelating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000005725 8-Hydroxyquinoline Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 abstract description 15
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003021 water soluble solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 hetero aryl compound Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002884 Laureth 4 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;sodium Chemical group [Na].C=C BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940062711 laureth-9 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N polidocanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FBKKYZMTAAQTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=C(NC(=O)C=C3)C3=CC=C21 FBKKYZMTAAQTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWXIHLCLIOQWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pteridin-2-one Chemical class N1=CC=NC2=NC(O)=NC=C21 VWXIHLCLIOQWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEZJPIDPVXJEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxypyridine Chemical class OC=1C=CNC(=O)C=1 ZEZJPIDPVXJEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDNQUWMBLVQNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Na].[Na].[Na].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KFDNQUWMBLVQNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypoxanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYEUUXMDVNYCAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lumazine Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=NC(O)=NC(O)=C21 UYEUUXMDVNYCAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GGOZGYRTNQBSSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,3-diol Chemical class OC1=CC=CN=C1O GGOZGYRTNQBSSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWLOAAFCSVWBDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-2,4-dicarbaldehyde Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC(C=O)=CC(C=O)=C21 HWLOAAFCSVWBDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1687—Use of special additives
-
- C09D7/1233—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The use of a metal ion chelating agent in the manufacture of a coating composition for application on a metal surface to reduce friction drag is disclosed. The chelating agent may be present in an amount of 0.0031-0.20 wt. % and is typically 8 -hydroxyquinoline. An additional chelating agent, such as ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) , may also be included. The composition may further contain a wetting agent, a non-aqueous water soluble solvent, a thickener, and a pH controller to maintain an alkaline pH. Preferably, the composition is in the form of a liquid or spray. The composition may be applied to ship hulls or propeller blades and may also reduce erosion by cavitation.
Description
This invention relates to the manufacture and applications of aqueous based metal ion chelating composition that can coat metal ships propellers to reduce cavitation erosion.
Description
By applying the aqueous based metal ion chelating composition to ship's propellers it can be shown to reduce the frictional drag, reduce cavitation or erosion, reduce marine growth and improve the efficiency of the propellers.
With developments in ship design, speed required, size of ships, cavitation erosion has become an ever increasing problem. Cavitation erosion is not fully understood and many engineers have tried a wide variety of solutions but it is apparent that this problem is not fully understood and many factors can attribute to this problem.
One of the areas that appears not to be developed as far as it may be possible to do coat the propellers with a metal chelating composition, that forms a chelate with the metal and reduces the frictional drag through the water. We have worked with various aqueous based metal ion chelating compositions for wide range of applications for example the drilling of oil wells especially with a horizontal drilling component. By adding an aqueous based metal ion chelating composition to the drilling mud we have been able to lower the frictional drag down to 12.5% of what was experienced before and the time span from when the turntable on the surface turns to when the drilling head turns is reduced substantially puffing less pressure on all the equipment involved.
We have painted ships hulls with an aqueous based metal ion chelating composition which is subjected to another patent application by the inventor to reduce marine growth and this has been very successful and at the same time it has reduced the drag of the ships hull and an increased speed has been achieved.
We have also painted the aqueous based metal ion chelating compositions on surfaces to examine the air drag resistance. We have found that the air drag resistance was lowered substantially.
Work carried out at as United Kingdom University over the use of the metal ion chelating composition in car engines showed a dramatic performance increase of the engine. At the same time work carried out in the laboratory on a 4 ball testing unit which is a standard unit used to determine the frictional drag and it showed that it lowered substantially the drag, We examined the application to metal surfaces of the aqueous based metal ion chelating composition and found that the chelate was firmly attached to the metal surface. From that it was surmised that by treating the metal surfaces, it would lower the drag through the water as long as the chelate layer was there, and it is estimated that that the air or oxygen bubbles that are present in the water where the propeller goes through will slide off the blades very easily and reduce the cavitation erosion problem. If the chelate layer can stay there.long enough and not wear away then the chances of improved fuel consumption is enormous, the chances of lowering the cavitation erosion is outstanding.
We coated several metal surfaces and found that the horsepower requirement dropped substantially and from this work we believe that it is very applicable to large ship propellers and will reduce cavitation erosion.
Invention We have now found that compositions based on the use of certain chelating compounds having the properties of chelating with metal surfaces creates a surface with a lower coefficient of friction.
The present invention provides the use of at least one aqueous metal ion chelating composition for the development of a chelate layer on metal surfaces.
The present invention provides the use of at least one aqueous metal ion chelating composition in conjunction with an water based acrylic paint provides a surface on a metal hull of a boat that reduces the drag of the water.
The present invention provides the use of at least one aqueous metal ion chelating composition for the production of a lower frictional drilling mud for oil well drilling especially horizontal drilling.
It is in principle possible to use a single chelating agent which provides two or more of the above essential or desirable requirements. In practice though we have found that different chelating agents have different chelating capabilities of strength for different metal ions, and it is generally preferable to use two or more different chelating agents wherein the chelating capability for the various metal ion chelating targets is maximised to a greater or lesser extent.
Preferred chelating agents can chelate various different metal ions and thereby can also treat metal surfaces with a chelated layer by multiple,direct and indirect routes, thereby maximising treatment during the application period. More particularly, it is preferable for the chelating agent(s) used to form a chelate with the plurality or metal ions selected from Mg2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zfl2+, Mfl24-, Ni2+, and 52+ Having regard to the above, 8-Hydroxyquinoline has been found to have a particularly broad range of activity, chelating, with a high degree of effectiveness, most metal ions (including ferric) apart from sodium, potassium and calcium. It is accordingly necessary to use this chelating agent in combination with a secondary, calcium ion chelating agent. Suitable calcium ion-chelating agents are well known in the art and include inter alia ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid in its various compounds.
Preferably the primary "nutrient"metal ion chelating agent is a heteropolar compound comprising at least one unsaturated heterocyclic six membered ring in which at least one heteroatom moiety acts as a hydrogen acceptor and in which said compound also comprises at least one hydrogen donor moiety, conveniently a hydroxyl group, said heteropolar compound having no constituent which by itself or together with another substituent or substituent creates such steric hinderance and/or renders the molecules so basic or acidic as so alters the steric geometry of the molecule to prevent interaction of the hydrogen donor and acceptor moieties of one molecule of heteropolar compound with the hydrogen donor and acceptor moieties of another molecule of said heteropolar compound.
In general the preferred "nutrient" metal ion chelating agent is a hetero aryl compound having at least one nitrogen in the ring structure and at least one hydroxyl substituent disposed on he ring structure so as to provide together a chelating function. Preferred metal ion chelating agents are selected from optionally substituted 2,3-dihydroxypyridine; 4,6-dihydroxypyridine, 2-pteridinol, 2,4-quinolindial, 2,3-dihydoxquincocalin, 2,4-pteridinediol, 6-purinol, 3-phenanthndinol, 2-phenanthrolinol, 2-phenazinilol, and most preferred is 8-hydroxyquinoline. 8-hydroxyquinoline has the advantage of forming metal ion chelates with a particularly broad range of different metal ions.
The compositions of the present invention for a chelate film development will generally comprise from 0.0031% to 0.05% w/w preferably from 0.005% to 0.02% w/w of said at least one chelating agent.
Alternatively there may be used a paste formulation which may be more convenient for use in applying to certain metal surfaces. Such formulations may be prepared by adding suitable physiologically acceptable thickener. Various suitable thickeners are known in the art, including inter alia hydroxypropylcellulose thickeners such as that commercially available under the trade name KLUCEL H CS from Aqualon of Wilmington, DE, USA. Conveniently there is used a Dehydroxanthan Gum anionic polymer thickener such as that commercially available under the trade name AMAZE XI from the National Starch and Chemical Company of Manchester, England. Another thickener which can be used in some applications is ARISTOFLEX AVC, an Ammonium Acryloyidimethylitaurate/VP Copolymer.
A
It will be appreciated that the choice of components of the composition may be limited by nature of the metal chelating agent. For example the preferred metal ion chelating agent 8-hydroxyquinoline is generally insoluble or only poorly soluble in aqueous solution. Suitable aqueous based compositions can be prepared using an intermediate solvent such as a polyol, including glycols, preferably propylene glycol, glycerine or sorbitol and a wetting agent. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a wide range of wetting agents are available that may be used which would give solubility of the metal ion chelating agent in glycol, including inter alia Polyoxyethylene Sorbitol fatty acid Ester T20, T40, 160, and 190 (Polysorbate) and C9-C1 1 Alcohol ethoxylates (Synperonic 91/8 and Synperonic 91/6) and in some instances another non-ionic DC-161 wetting agent and Laureth-9.
It will be appreciated that a range of different proportions of the various components of the aqueous based compositions may be used depending on the solubilities of the metal ion chelating agents used, the final concentration required etc. In general we have found that the amount of wetting agent used is relatively sensitive. In the case of the intermediate solvent or diluent (glycol etc) once a required minimum amount sufficient for solubilisation of the metal ion chelating agents is present, then the amount of this intermediate solvent or diluent can be readily increased further, though there is normally no particular advantage in doing so.
Advantageously there is also included a pH controller, in order to ensure an alkaline pH in the composition most preferably a pH in the region of 9.2 to 9.4 as we found that this provides the fastest application of the chelate layer. The pH controller may simply be potassium hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide. Preferably, though, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid is used conveniently in the form of the disodium or most preferably the tetrasodium salt.
In the case of 8-hydroxyquinoline we have found that suitable proportions which may be used in a liquid aqueous based, composition of the invention suitable for use in the treatment of the cancerous breast conditions would in general have the following composition.
Component Weight Metal ion chelating agent 1 part (8-hydroxyquinoline) Secondary chelating agent 0.1 part (ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) Wetting agent ÷/-5% part Intermediate Diluent t least 20, preferably 40 parts De-ionised water As required to obtain final concentration required.
In the case where an alkaline pH formulations is required then the composition would include a suitable additional component, which preferably would be as follows. pH controller (disodium ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid or tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) as required to achieve a pH of 9.2 to 9.4 in the liquid or the gel/paste.
In the case where a gel or paste formulation that the composition would include a suitable additional component as follows: Thickener as required for the desired viscosity.
Preparation of Aqueous Metal Ion Chelating Liquid Compositions and Gels
Example 1.
Method of Preparation of Concentrate (called 2% SoIn) grams of 8-Hydroxyquinoline and 1 gram of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid is dissolved at 70 degrees centigrade in 50 grams of non-ionic wetting agent selected from Polyoxyethylene Sorbitol fatty acid Ester T20, T40, T60, and T80 (Polysorbate) and C9-C11 Alcohol ethoxylates Synperonic 91/8 and Synperonic 91/6) Laureth -9 or DC161 with 200 grams of a water soluble non-aqueous diluent selected from propylene glycol, glycerineor sorbitol dduent is added to make up to a solution of 500 grams and then cooled giving 500 grams of 2% w/w 8-hydroxyquinoline concentrate.
Example 2.
Preparation of Liquid ChelCoat Composition.
Take one part of the 2% w/w 8-hydroxyquinoline concentrate from example 1 and dilute with 39 parts of de-ionised water, then the pH of this composition is adjusted to 9.2 to 9.4 by addition of tetra sodium ethylene diamine acetic acid. The strength of this preparation is 500 parts per million of 8-hydroxyquinoline and it provides 5 mIs dosage units each containing 2500 micrograms of 8-hydroxyquinoline.
Example 3.
Preparation of Gel ChelCoat Composition.
Take one part of the 2% w/w 8-hydroxyquinoline concentrate from example 1 and dilute with 39 parts of de-ionised water, then the pH of this composition is adjusted to 9.2 to 9.4 by addition of tetra sodium ethylene diamine acetic acid. The strength of this preparation is 500 parts per million of 8-hydroxyquinoline and it provides 5 mIs dosage units each containing 2500 mIcrograms of 8-hydroxyquinoline.
Add 0.8% of Amaze Xt and readjust the pH to 9.2 to 9.4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1002504A GB2477788A (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-02-15 | Reducing frictional drag |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0905649A GB0905649D0 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2009-04-01 | This invention relates to the manufacture and applications of an aqueous based metal ion chelating composition that can coat ship's propellers to reduce |
| GB1002504A GB2477788A (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-02-15 | Reducing frictional drag |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201002504D0 GB201002504D0 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
| GB2477788A true GB2477788A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
Family
ID=42110710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1002504A Withdrawn GB2477788A (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-02-15 | Reducing frictional drag |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2477788A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5551006A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-04-14 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | Novel antifouling agent |
| JPS5551007A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-04-14 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | Antifouling agent |
| GB2097414A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1982-11-03 | Fulmer Res Inst Ltd | Protection of metal surfaces |
| JPH0761903A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-03-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Marine adhesive organism-repelling agent and antifouling coating containing the same |
| JPH07187934A (en) * | 1993-12-25 | 1995-07-25 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Repellent for underwater adhesive organism and antifouling coating containing the same |
| JPH08325109A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-10 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Antifouling agent for underwater fouling organism and antifouling coating material containing the same |
-
2010
- 2010-02-15 GB GB1002504A patent/GB2477788A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5551006A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-04-14 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | Novel antifouling agent |
| JPS5551007A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-04-14 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | Antifouling agent |
| GB2097414A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1982-11-03 | Fulmer Res Inst Ltd | Protection of metal surfaces |
| JPH0761903A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-03-07 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Marine adhesive organism-repelling agent and antifouling coating containing the same |
| JPH07187934A (en) * | 1993-12-25 | 1995-07-25 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Repellent for underwater adhesive organism and antifouling coating containing the same |
| JPH08325109A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-10 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Antifouling agent for underwater fouling organism and antifouling coating material containing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201002504D0 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |