GB2465996A - I.c. engine fuel injection system - Google Patents

I.c. engine fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2465996A
GB2465996A GB0822185A GB0822185A GB2465996A GB 2465996 A GB2465996 A GB 2465996A GB 0822185 A GB0822185 A GB 0822185A GB 0822185 A GB0822185 A GB 0822185A GB 2465996 A GB2465996 A GB 2465996A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fuel
intake manifold
injection pipe
injection
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0822185A
Other versions
GB0822185D0 (en
GB2465996B (en
Inventor
Arno Pflug
Ralf M Hrle
Matthias Samstag
Mario Hausser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Original Assignee
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority to GB0822185.5A priority Critical patent/GB2465996B/en
Publication of GB0822185D0 publication Critical patent/GB0822185D0/en
Priority to BRPI0905642-4A priority patent/BRPI0905642A2/en
Publication of GB2465996A publication Critical patent/GB2465996A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2465996B publication Critical patent/GB2465996B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0615—Switch-over from one fuel to another being initiated by automatic means, e.g. based on engine or vehicle operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F02D19/061—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
    • F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/462—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down
    • F02M69/465—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down of fuel rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

An injection system 10 for injecting a fuel into an internal combustion engine 18 of a motor vehicle comprises at least one intake manifold 12 for guiding an air/fuel-mixture to an engine cylinder and a fuel injection pipe 26 which penetrates the intake manifold(s) 12 from radially outwards, the injection pipe 26 comprising an injection opening 30 inside the manifold(s) 12. The injection pipe 26 may supply a gasoline based fuel, eg benzene. The intake manifold(s) 12 may also have a fuel injector 24 for injecting an alcohol based fuel, cold starting being facilitated by injection of gasoline fuel via injection pipe 26. Much of the injection pipe 26 is thus arranged inside the intake manifold 12, only a fuel line connection fitting 38 protruding from the intake manifold 12 for a space-saving and simplified design.

Description

Injection system and method of cold starting a combustion engine
Description
The invention relates to an injection system for injecting fuel into a combustion engine as well as a method of cold starting such kind of a combustion engine.
It is known to operate a combustion engine by means of alcohol based fuels like ElOO, which is injected into an intake manifold of the combustion engine by means of an injection system. Since the air/fuel-mixture based on alcohol based fuels are not ignitable at low temperatures like below freezing point, it is known to provide each intake manifold with an additional injector for injecting a gasoline based fuel, which lowers the ignition temperature of the air/fuel-mixture provided by the intake manifold. Due to the additional applied gasoline via the additional injectors a cold start for a combustion engine operated mainly by an alcohol based fuel is possible.
It is a disadvantage of such kind of an injection system, that the injection system comprises a complicated design and a high building space.
It is the object of the invention to provide an injection system applicable for a combustion engine mainly operated by an alcohol based fuel as well as a method of cold starting a combustion engine, which provides a reduced building space and a simplified design of the injection system.
The solution of the object is achieved by an injection system with the features of claim 1 as well as by a method of cold starting a combustion engine with the features of claim 11. Preferred embodiments are given by the dependent claims.
The injection system according to the invention for injecting a fuel into a combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprises at least one intake manifold for guiding an air/fuel-mixture to a cylinder of the combustion engine. According to the invention an injection pipe for injecting fuel is provided, wherein the injection pipe penetrates the at least one intake manifold from radially outwards and the injection pipe comprises an injection opening inside the at least one intake manifold.
The injection pipe may be positioned such that the injection pipe meets a center line of the intake manifold or spaced to the center line of the intake manifold.
Since the injection pipe penetrates the at least one intake manifold, particularly several intake manifolds, from one side to the other, the injection pipe is supported at both sides of the intake manifold. Due to the more stable support of the injection pipe, the injection pipe may be designed with a smaller volume.
Since a big amount of the injection pipe may be arranged inside the intake manifold, it is sufficient, when only a connection means like a quick fitting protrudes from the intake manifold for connecting a fuel line for a gasoline based fuel. The necessary building space for the injection pipe is only given by the building space of the connection means, which leads to a small building space and a simplified design. Particularly the injection pipe may be mainly designed as a tube with at least one injection opening and a connection means. Via the intake manifold an air/fuel-mixture may be guided, which is based on an alcohol based fuel, wherein via the injection pipe a gasoline based fuel may be injected. Due to the additional gasoline in the air/fuel-mixture inside the intake manifold a cold start below freezing point is possible. Thus, the injection system is applicable for a combustion engine mainly operated by an alcohol based fuel. Due to its simple design the injection pipe may be arranged spaced to inlet ports of cylinders of the combustion engine, so that an accumulation of fuel in the intake manifold could be avoided. Since it is sufficient that only one part of the injection pipe protrudes from the intake manifold and/or from a plurality of intake manifolds, only one sealing between the protruding part, which may be connected to the connection means, and one intake manifold is sufficient for preventing a fuel leakage to the environment. Further the assembling and the maintenance of the injection pipe is facilitated.
Particularly the injection pipe is protected by the intake manifold.
Particularly the injection pipe comprises only one inlet arranged outside the at least one intake manifold.
Since only one inlet is provided it is sufficient to provide only one sealing between a part of the injection pipe connected to the inlet and one intake manifold for preventing a fuel leakage to the environment.
Particularly the one inlet is sufficient to provide a plurality of intake manifolds, preferably all intake manifolds, with injected fuel via the injection pipe.
Preferably the intake manifold comprises a connection face for connecting the intake manifold to a cylinder head of the combustion engine and the intake manifold comprises at least one particularly wedge-like recess starting from the connection face, wherein the recess receives a corresponding support piece, which supports the injection pipe. Due to this design it is not necessary to insert the injection pipe manually into a plurality of openings. Instead the injection pipe may assembled by a lateral movement together with the support pieces, wherein the lateral movement may be self centering for instance by means of an inclined design of the recess and the corresponding support piece. The self centering effect may take place automatically during the fastening of the intake manifold to a cylinder head of the combustion engine.
E4ost preferred the support piece is press fitted into the recess and particularly comprises a higher ductility than the intake manifold. During the fastening of the intake manifold to the cylinder head a secure sealing between the support piece and the recess can be provided. Due to the higher ductility of the support piece the support piece may be slightly deformed under pressure, by which the form of the support piece fits nearly exactly the form of the recess. For instance the support piece may comprise a higher amount of copper than the intake manifold.
In a preferred embodiment several intake manifolds are provided and the several intake manifolds are penetrated by the same injection pipe, wherein the injection pipe comprises within each intake manifold an injection opening. One injection pipe particularly comprising only one inlet is sufficient for injecting fuel into a plurality of intake manifolds. In comparison to a plurality of injectors, which are use for each intake manifold, the building space is significantly reduced.
Particularly the injection openings each comprises an opening cross section, which is adjusted such to the pressure of the fuel along the injection pipe, that at each injection opening mainly the same flow rate of the fuel is given. Due to the design of the injection openings a pressure drop along the injection pipe could be balanced such, that each injection opening comprises the same flow rate. It is not necessary to adjust the design of a channel inside the injection pipe to counteract a pressure drop.
Preferably the injection pipe is at least inside the intake manifold at least partially rounded and/or comprises a guiding element for reducing flow resistance of the injection pipe inside the intake manifold. This leads to a mainly negligible flow resistance of the injection pipe inside the intake manifold.
Particularly the injection opening points at least partially in flow direction of the intake manifold. This allows providing a cone-like spray of fuel originating at the injection opening. The injected fuel can be well distributed inside the intake manifold leading to a well mixed air/fuel-mixture.
In a further embodiment the at least one intake manifold comprises an injector for injecting an alcohol based fuel. Thus two different fuel supplies can be provided without interfering each other. The injector may be used for injecting only an alcohol based fuel, wherein the injection pipe may be used for injecting only a gasoline based fuel. It is particularly possible to use a present design for an injection system usually used for a pure gasoline combustion engine, wherein this design is upgraded by the injection pipe for allowing alcohol and gasoline operation without significantly increasing the building space.
The invention further relates to a combustion engine for a motor vehicle, which comprises an injection system, which may be designed as previously described. The injection pipe is connected to a gasoline tank comprising a gasoline based fuel and the at least one intake manifold comprises an injector connected to an alcohol tank comprising an alcohol based fuel. Due to this design the combustion engine can be operated by means of an alcohol based fuel, wherein a cold start is possible by means of additional injected gasoline based fuel via the injection pipe. Since a big amount of the injection pipe may be arranged inside the intake manifold, it is sufficient, when only a connection means like a fitting protrudes from the intake manifold for connecting a fuel line for the gasoline based fuel. The necessary building space for the injection pipe is only given by the building space of the connection means, which leads to a small building space and a simplified design.
The invention further relates to a method of cold starting a combustion engine, which comprises the step of providing a combustion engine, which may be designed as previously described. It is injected a gasoline based fuel via the injection pipe at least until the combustion engine comprises a temperature, which is sufficient of igniting the alcohol based air/fuel-mixture provided via the intake manifold without the gasoline based fuel provided via the injection pipe. The gasoline based fuel is particularly injected at a pressure of mainly 2 bar.
Usually 3 to 5 seconds are sufficient, so that the combustion engine, particularly in the region of its cylinders comprises a temperature above the ignition temperature of the air/fuel-mixture based only on the alcohol based fuel without the additional gasoline based fuel. A start of the combustion engine below freezing point is safeguarded. Since a big amount of the injection pipe may be arranged inside the intake manifold, it is sufficient, when only a connection means like a fitting protrudes from the intake manifold for connecting a fuel line for the gasoline based fuel. The necessary building space for the injection pipe is only given by the building space of the connection means, which leads to a small building space and a simplified design.
These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to a preferred embodiment described hereinafter.
In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of an injection system according to the invention and Fig. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of an injection pipe of the injection system illustrated in Fig. 1.
The injection system 10 illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises an intake manifold 12, which is fastened via a connection face 14 to a cylinder head 16 of a combustion engine 18. The injection system 10 is part of a combustion engine 18 an directs an air/fuel-mixture along a flow direction 20 to a not illustrated cylinder via an inlet valve 22. The intake manifold comprises an injector 24, by means of which an alcohol based fuel can be injected into the intake manifold 12.
For facilitating a cold start of the combustion engine 18 the intake manifold 12 is penetrated from one side to the opposite side by an injection pipe 26, by which a gasoline based fuel may be injected into the intake manifold 12. The injection pipe 26 is formed mainly tubular and comprises a channel 28, which communicates with the intake manifold 12 via at least one injection opening 30. The injection opening 30 points mainly in flow direction 20 and provides a cone like spray for the injected gasoline base fuel like benzene or super benzene. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 the injection pipe 26 is arranged perpendicular to a center line 32 and meets the center line 32 inside the intake manifold 12. In the alternate the injection pipe 26 may be arranged spaced to the center line 32. The injection pipe 26 is supported by a wedge-like support piece 34 press fitted into a corresponding recess 36 of the intake manifold 12.
As illustrated in Fig. 2 the injection pipe 26 may be designed to penetrate a plurality of intake manifolds 12. By means of one channel 28 several injection openings may communicate via a connection means 38 like a quick fitting with a not illustrated fuel tank. The connection means 38 provides an inlet 39 communicating with the channel 28. Via the plurality of injection openings 30 the different intake manifolds 12, which are connected to different cylinders of the combustion engine 18, can be provided with a gasoline based fuel. Since a distal end of the injection pipe 26 may be supported by the body of one intake manifold 12, only one sealing 42 is sufficient to seal the injection pipe 26 against the plurality of intake manifolds 12. By means of a fastening means 44 the injection pipe 26 may be fastened to one of the intake manifolds 12.
Ref erencesigns injection system 12 intake manifold 14 connection face 16 cylinder head 18 combustion engine flow direction 22 inlet valve 24 injector 26 injection pipe 28 channel injection opening 32 center line 34 support piece 36 recess 38 connector means 39 inlet distal end 42 sealing 44 fastening means
GB0822185.5A 2008-12-05 2008-12-05 Injection system and method of cold starting a combustion engine Expired - Fee Related GB2465996B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0822185.5A GB2465996B (en) 2008-12-05 2008-12-05 Injection system and method of cold starting a combustion engine
BRPI0905642-4A BRPI0905642A2 (en) 2008-12-05 2009-11-04 injection system and cold start method of a combustion engine.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0822185.5A GB2465996B (en) 2008-12-05 2008-12-05 Injection system and method of cold starting a combustion engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0822185D0 GB0822185D0 (en) 2009-01-14
GB2465996A true GB2465996A (en) 2010-06-09
GB2465996B GB2465996B (en) 2013-07-24

Family

ID=40289515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0822185.5A Expired - Fee Related GB2465996B (en) 2008-12-05 2008-12-05 Injection system and method of cold starting a combustion engine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BR (1) BRPI0905642A2 (en)
GB (1) GB2465996B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0501612A2 (en) * 1991-02-23 1992-09-02 Jaguar Cars Limited Inlet manifold and fuel supply assembly
US6371092B1 (en) * 2001-01-10 2002-04-16 Econtrols, Inc. Fuel system with dual fuel injectors for internal combustion engines
EP1760304A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-07 Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.p.A. Integrated air-fuel manifold for an internal combustion engine, and relative production method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2859741A (en) * 1956-09-20 1958-11-11 Edward R Glenn Fuel injecting apparatus
GB1236062A (en) * 1967-06-13 1971-06-16 Gillett Tool Company Inc Electronically controlled fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
GB1351771A (en) * 1970-07-22 1974-05-01 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection type internal combustion engines
JPS59165840A (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel injection control device for car using alcoholic fuel
US5195477A (en) * 1991-12-11 1993-03-23 Walbro Corporation Cold start fuel atomizer and process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0501612A2 (en) * 1991-02-23 1992-09-02 Jaguar Cars Limited Inlet manifold and fuel supply assembly
US6371092B1 (en) * 2001-01-10 2002-04-16 Econtrols, Inc. Fuel system with dual fuel injectors for internal combustion engines
EP1760304A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-07 Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.p.A. Integrated air-fuel manifold for an internal combustion engine, and relative production method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0822185D0 (en) 2009-01-14
BRPI0905642A2 (en) 2011-03-29
GB2465996B (en) 2013-07-24

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Effective date: 20161205