GB2463502A - Electrical machine, such as a flywheel starter generator - Google Patents

Electrical machine, such as a flywheel starter generator Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2463502A
GB2463502A GB0816912A GB0816912A GB2463502A GB 2463502 A GB2463502 A GB 2463502A GB 0816912 A GB0816912 A GB 0816912A GB 0816912 A GB0816912 A GB 0816912A GB 2463502 A GB2463502 A GB 2463502A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
flywheel
mode
electrical machine
energy
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
GB0816912A
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GB0816912D0 (en
Inventor
Jonathan James Robert Hilton
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Flybrid Systems LLP
Original Assignee
Flybrid Systems LLP
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flybrid Systems LLP filed Critical Flybrid Systems LLP
Priority to GB0816912A priority Critical patent/GB2463502A/en
Publication of GB0816912D0 publication Critical patent/GB0816912D0/en
Publication of GB2463502A publication Critical patent/GB2463502A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N5/00—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage
    • F02N5/04—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage of inertia type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/262—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/083—Torque
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical machine, such as a flywheel starter generator (FSG) 2 or a flywheel alternator starter, comprises a motor 4 with a rotatable stator (outer rotor) 6, eg connected to an engine accessory drive belt pulley 14, a rotor 8, eg connected by a mechanical drive connection, eg epicyclic gearing 12, to a flywheel 10, and an energy storage medium such as a battery 16 or capacitor. When the machine is in a running mode, a current supplied to the motor 4 causes it to rotate, whereby the flywheel 10 is also caused rotate, thereby transferring mechanical energy from the mechanical drive connection to the flywheel. The running mode comprises regenerative braking and energy release states. The machine also has a starter mode in which the flywheel turns backwards against the starter torque; an idle mode in which the flywheel spins with low losses; a paused mode in which the flywheel gradually decelerates and restarting power comes partly from the flywheel and partly from the battery, and a stopped mode in which any energy remaining in the flywheel is converted into electrical charge and stored in the battery.

Description

Electrical Machine This invention relates to electrical machines, and in particular to energy generation and storage systems such as flywheel starter generator systems.
A flywheel starter generator (FSG), also known as a flywheel alternator starter, can be used in a vehicle to replace a conventional starter motor and alternator. An FSG comprises an electrical motor and a flywheel, and provides the functionality of the starter motor and the alternator, and the additional feature of mechanical energy storage using a high-speed flywheel.
It is known for an FSG to use the rotor of an electrical motor as the flywheel, with the stator of the motor remaining stationary.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide an improved electrical machine such as an FSG.
Accordingly the present invention provides an electrical machine as claimed in claim 1 of the appended claims.
The storage medium may be a capacitor, or a battery such as a lithium ion battery.
Both the stator and the rotor of the electrical machine may comprise windings of an electrical conductor around an iron core or a material with similar electromagnetic properties to an iron core. Alternatively either the stator or the rotor of the electrical machine may comprise an array of permanent magnets.
The present invention may comprise a flywheel starter generator (FSG) in a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an engine, the engine being switchable between an on mode, a temporary off mode, and an off mode. An advantage of using the present invention in a vehicle is that a significantly smaller vehicle battery can be used than is currently used, for example, in prior art electric hybrid vehicles. The size of battery required in a vehicle is dependent upon the power which the vehicle needs to draw from the battery.
In the present invention, approximately 50% of the power required by the vehicle can be drawn from the flywheel, therefore the battery can be of a smaller size.
The energy storage medium of the present invention might replace a conventional lead acid battery in a vehicle.
The FSG may have a starter mode, in which, when then engine has been turned to the on mode and a starter torque has been generated, the flywheel is caused to rotate in direction whereby it is acts against the starter torque.
The FSG may, in the running mode, be arranged to charge the energy storage medium and the flywheel when in a regenerative braking state.
In an energy release state, at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel may be used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle.
At least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel may also be converted into electrical energy and stored in the energy storage medium.
The FSG may provide that, when the engine is in the temporary off mode and the flywheel is decelerating, the flywheel starter generator is in a paused mode wherein at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel can be used to return the engine to the on mode.
The FSG may have a stopped mode wherein, when the engine is in the off mode and the flywheel is decelerating, the flywheel starter generator is in a stopped mode wherein mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle. In the stopped mode, at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel may be converted into electrical power and stored in the energy storage medium.
The FSG may be provided with an idle mode, wherein when the engine is in an on mode and the flywheel is rotating, mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle.
The idle mode may also provide that mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not converted into electrical energy to be stored in the energy storage medium.
The rotor of the motor may be connected to the flywheel and the stator connected to the drive pulley. Alternatively, the rotor could be connected to the drive pulley of the vehicle and the stator connected to the flywheel.
The present invention also provides, a further aspect, a method of generating energy as claimed in claim 16. The energy which is generated may then be converted into electrical energy and stored in an energy storage medium such as a battery or a capacitor.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a system in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the power flow of the present invention in a regenerative braking state; Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the power flow of the present invention in an energy release state; Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the power flow of the present invention in a stopped mode; Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the power flow of the present invention in a battery charging and flywheel discharging mode; and Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the power flow of the present invention in a flywheel charging and battery discharging mode.
The system of Figure 1 comprises an electrical machine comprising a flywheel starter generator (FSG) 2. The FSG 2 comprises a motor 4, the motor having an outer casing comprising a stator 6 formed of outer windings, and a rotor 8 formed of inner windings. The FSG 2 further comprises an energy storage flywheel 10 which is connected via epicyclic gears 12 to the rotor 8, and an engine accessory drive belt (not shown) which is connected to the stator via a drive pulley 14.
The motor is housed in a mounting (not shown). Bearings (not shown) are provided to allow the rotor 8 and the stator 6 to rotate within the mounting.
The system further comprises an electrical storage medium comprising a battery 16. An electrical connection (illustrated schematically by 18) is maintained between the stator 6 and the battery 16 via conventional slip rings (not shown).
The system also comprises an electronic control unit (not shown), and is incorporated in a vehicle (not shown).
The operation of the FSG 2 will be described below in relation to a series of modes of operation.
Starter mode On initial operation of the vehicle engine containing the FSG 2, the FSG 2 enters a starter mode. The flywheel 10, which is initially stationary, begins to turn backwards against the torque caused by the starter power. The flywheel 10 has sufficient storage available to counteract the torque caused by a starter power of 5kW for several minutes.
Running mode -general After the starter mode, the FSG 2 enters a running mode. In the running mode, the flywheel 10 is gradually returned to a zero rotational speed.
The flywheel 10 is then accelerated in a forwards direction, i.e. in the same direction as the drive pulley 14. Acceleration of the flywheel 10 is achieved by applying an electric current to the motor 4, thereby generating electrical power in the FSG 2, in a controlled manner, as in a conventional alternator. The electric current applied to the motor 4 in the FSG 2 acts to generate a torque across the motor 4; this torque acts to rotate the rotor 8. The rotation of the rotor 8 acts to drive the flywheel 10 mechanically via the gears 12, thereby transferring mechanical energy from the drive pulley 14, through the motor to the flywheel 10.
The FSG 2 therefore generates electrical energy and stores mechanical energy; the electrical energy being proportional to the current applied to the motor 4 and to the relative rotational speed of the rotor 8 and the stator 6. The energy drawn from the drive pulley 14 is equal to the electrical power generated, plus the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel 10 (minus any energy losses caused, for example, by friction).
The flywheel 10 can rotate at up to 50,000 RPM and is capable of storing approximately 400 kJ of energy.
As described below, in the running mode, the FSG 2 can either be used for regenerative braking, or to release energy to the vehicle wheels (not shown).
Running mode -regenerative braking Figure 2 illustrates the power flow of the FSG 2 in a regenerative braking state, wherein the vehicle is braking, and the flywheel 10 and battery 16 are being charged.
Running mode -energy release When the FSG 2 is in an energy release state, the vehicle is accelerating, and the flywheel 10 and battery 16 are being discharged. The flow of power when the FSG 2 is in the energy release state is illustrated in Figure 3.
Release of mechanical energy from the flywheel 10 to the vehicle wheels is achieved by driving the FSG 2 as a motor so as to reduce the speed of the flywheel 10 and increase the speed of the drive pulley 14. Power drawn by the vehicle engine is equal to the mechanical power supplied by the flywheel 10 plus electrical power supplied (minus any losses).
The FSG 2 can be used to provide a power boost to the vehicle engine when required. The amount of power boost available is determined by the state of charge of the flywheel 10. Generally, it is always possible for the vehicle to draw at least 50% of the maximum power of the FSG 2 even if the flywheel is discharged.
Idle mode When the FSG 2 is in an idle mode of operation, i.e. when no storage or recovery of power from the flywheel 10 is desired, the electrical supply to the motor 4 is ceased. In this mode of operation, the flywheel 10 spins with relatively low energy losses.
Paused mode When the vehicle engine has been temporarily stopped, for example when the engine is turned off but the key remains in the ignition, the flywheel gradually decelerates, and will eventually come to a complete stop. If the engine is restarted before the flywheel 10 has stopped rotating, the necessary power for restarting the engine is drawn partly form the rotating flywheel 10, and partly from the battery 16. If the flywheel 10 has already come to a complete stop before the engine is restarted, the necessary power for restarting the engine is drawn entirely from the battery 16.
Stopped mode When the vehicle is in an off mode, e. g. when the engine has been turned off and the key removed from the ignition, any remaining stored energy in the flywheel 10 can be converted to electrical charge by the FSG 2 and stored in the battery 16. The associated power flow is shown in Figure 4.
This operation brings the flywheel 10 to a complete stop more rapidly than when the FSG 2 is in the paused mode, thereby leaving the flywheel 10 in a safe condition once the vehicle is in the off mode.
Battery charging, flywheel discharging mode Figure 5 illustrates the power flow of the FSG 2 in a variation of the energy release state, wherein the vehicle is accelerating, the flywheel is being discharged, and the battery is being charged.
Flywheel charging and battery discharging mode Figure 6 illustrates the power flow of the FSG 2 in a variation of the regenerative braking state, wherein the vehicle is braking, the flywheel is being charged, and the battery is being discharged.
The modes of operation illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 allow the state of charge of the battery to be managed, as the FSG can switch between the modes as required, therefore allowing the battery to be charged whenever the FSG is operating. The battery could therefore have an unlimited charging capacity, capable of managing any level of auxiliary load on the battery.
In an alternative embodiment, the electrical storage medium comprises a capacitor.
Although in the embodiment described above, the rotor 8 of the motor 4 is connected to the flywheel 10, and the stator 6 of the motor 4 is connected to the drive pulley 14, in an alternative embodiment, the rotor 8 could be connected the drive pulley 14 and the stator 6 connected to the flywheel 10.
In an alternative embodiment, the FSG 2 further comprises a flywheel brake. The flywheel brake allows the generation of electrical power, without storage of mechanical power. The brake can be used at zero flywheel speed, without wasting energy, as all power taken from the drive pulley 14 would be used for generation of electrical power. This feature can also be used to start the engine using a lower electric current, avoiding backwards rotation of the flywheel.
In alternative embodiments, either the stator or the rotor of the electrical machine comprise an array of permanent magnets.

Claims (21)

  1. Claims 1. An electrical machine comprising an electrical motor, a flywheel, a mechanical drive connection and an energy storage medium, the electrical motor comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor, stator and flywheel are rotatable, and wherein, when the electrical machine is in a running mode, an electrical current is supplied to the motor, thereby generating a torque across the motor, the arrangement being such that the flywheel is caused rotate, thereby transferring mechanical energy from the mechanical drive connection through the motor to the flywheel.
  2. 2. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 2 wherein the energy storage medium is a capacitor.
  3. 3. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 2 wherein the energy storage medium is a battery.
  4. 4. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 3 wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery.
  5. 5. An electrical machine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein described either the stator or the rotor of the electrical machine comprise an array of permanent magnets.
  6. 6. An electrical machine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a flywheel starter generator for a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an engine, the engine being switchable between an on mode, a temporary off mode, and an off mode.
  7. 7. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when the engine has been turned to the on mode and a starter torque is generated, the flywheel starter generator is initially in a starter mode, wherein the flywheel is caused to rotate in direction whereby it acts against the starter torque.
  8. 8. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when the flywheel starter generator is in a regenerative braking state, the flywheel and the energy storage medium are both being charged.
  9. 9. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when the flywheel starter generator is in an energy release state, at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle.
  10. 10. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein when the flywheel starter generator is in an energy release state, at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is converted into electrical energy and stored in the energy storage medium.
  11. 11. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when the engine is in the temporary off mode and the flywheel is decelerating, the flywheel starter generator is in a paused mode wherein at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel can be used to return the engine to the on mode.
  12. 12. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when the engine is in the off mode and the flywheel is decelerating, the flywheel starter generator is in a stopped mode wherein mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle.
  13. 13. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 12 wherein when the flywheel starter generator is in the stopped mode, at least part of the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is converted into electrical power and stored in the energy storage medium.
  14. 14. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein, in an idle mode, the engine is in an on mode and the flywheel is rotating, and wherein in the idle mode, mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not used for acceleration or braking of the vehicle.
  15. 15. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 14 wherein in the idle mode, mechanical energy stored in the flywheel is not converted into electrical energy to be stored in the energy storage medium.
  16. 16. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein the stator is connected to a drive pulley of the vehicle and the rotor is connected to the flywheel.
  17. 17. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein the rotor is connected to a drive pulley of the vehicle and the stator is connected to the flywheel.
  18. 18. A method of generating mechanical energy comprising rotating a flywheel and a motor comprising a rotor and a stator, the method comprising supplying the motor with an electrical current, thereby to generate a torque across the motor, thereby causing the rotor, stator and flywheel to rotate, thereby generating mechanical energy which is stored in the flywheel.
  19. 19. A method as claimed in claim 17 wherein at least part of the energy stored in the flywheel is converted to electrical energy and stored in an energy storage medium.
  20. 20. A flywheel starter generator substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to the accompanying figures.
  21. 21. A method of generating energy substantially as herein before described and with reference to the accompanying figures.
GB0816912A 2008-09-16 2008-09-16 Electrical machine, such as a flywheel starter generator Withdrawn GB2463502A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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GB2463502A true GB2463502A (en) 2010-03-17

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103241108A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-08-14 骆启良 Starting and power generation integrated machine for automobile
US9108625B2 (en) 2012-04-05 2015-08-18 Denso Corporation Power transmitting apparatus for vehicle
WO2020206668A1 (en) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Hybrid power system
GB2596146A (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-22 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method
GB2596176A (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-22 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method
US11421585B2 (en) 2019-07-08 2022-08-23 Caterpillar Inc. Variable speed drive for an accessory drive in a hybrid power system

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JP2003020970A (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-24 Takayuki Miyao Flywheel energy storably driving device and method for regenerative braking of the device

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JPS6055804A (en) * 1983-09-05 1985-04-01 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Dynamic drive device
WO1997009191A1 (en) * 1995-09-04 1997-03-13 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Hybrid drive system
US20020167234A1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2002-11-14 Otto Farkas Standby power system
JP2003020970A (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-24 Takayuki Miyao Flywheel energy storably driving device and method for regenerative braking of the device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9108625B2 (en) 2012-04-05 2015-08-18 Denso Corporation Power transmitting apparatus for vehicle
CN103241108A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-08-14 骆启良 Starting and power generation integrated machine for automobile
WO2020206668A1 (en) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Hybrid power system
US11919399B2 (en) 2019-04-12 2024-03-05 Weichai Power Co., Ltd. Hybrid power system
US11421585B2 (en) 2019-07-08 2022-08-23 Caterpillar Inc. Variable speed drive for an accessory drive in a hybrid power system
GB2596146A (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-22 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method
GB2596176A (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-22 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method
GB2596146B (en) * 2020-06-19 2022-06-08 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method
GB2596176B (en) * 2020-06-19 2022-12-28 Andalus Tech Ltd Apparatus and method

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