GB2451600A - Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide - Google Patents
Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2451600A GB2451600A GB0821025A GB0821025A GB2451600A GB 2451600 A GB2451600 A GB 2451600A GB 0821025 A GB0821025 A GB 0821025A GB 0821025 A GB0821025 A GB 0821025A GB 2451600 A GB2451600 A GB 2451600A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- unmelted
- tio2
- shells
- reactors
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/02—Halides of titanium
- C01G23/022—Titanium tetrachloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/567—Manufacture of steel by other methods operating in a continuous way
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1204—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent
- C22B34/1209—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent by dry processes, e.g. with selective chlorination of iron or with formation of a titanium bearing slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1231—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes treatment or purification of titanium containing products obtained by dry processes, e.g. condensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1281—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using carbon containing agents, e.g. C, CO, carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1286—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using hydrogen containing agents, e.g. H2, CaH2, hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Steel and pigment-grade TiO2 with up to 99.99 % (TiO2 + ZrO2) are produced continuously by direct smelting ilmenite or titaniferous magnetite concentrates at ultra-high temperature. Both oxidic and metal phases are independently force circulated in fully backmixed melt circulation reactors. Close proximity to thermodynamic equilibrium permits liquidus composition melts to be contained within reactors with protective linings of unmelted shells comprised of oxycarbide of the solidus composition. The unmelted shells are maintained above the critical temperature of the ductile to brittle fracture transition by supercritical steam generation, whilst the endothermic heat is supplied by electrical conductive heating. Smelting reduction with natural gas or carbon with low sulphur content, followed by in-line continuous vacuum refining makes available a continuous feed of refined melt for further in-line processing at somewhat lower temperatures using known emerging technologies for titanium metal production.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0608080.8A GB0608080D0 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide |
PCT/GB2007/000568 WO2007122366A1 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2007-02-21 | Co-production of steel, titanium and high grade oxide |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0821025D0 GB0821025D0 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
GB2451600A true GB2451600A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
GB2451600B GB2451600B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
Family
ID=36581159
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0608080.8A Ceased GB0608080D0 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide |
GB0821025A Expired - Fee Related GB2451600B (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2007-02-21 | Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0608080.8A Ceased GB0608080D0 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090230598A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007242640B2 (en) |
GB (2) | GB0608080D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007122366A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8602103B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-12-10 | Conocophillips Company | Generation of fluid for hydrocarbon recovery |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011123888A1 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-10-13 | Iluka Resources Limited | Improved synthetic rutile process a |
UA113351C2 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2017-01-10 | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TITANIUM SLAUGHTER FROM ILLENITE | |
CN114053970B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-09-26 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Methane cracking furnace |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB868717A (en) * | 1956-05-25 | 1961-05-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Improvements in the treatment of ferro-titanium ores |
US3463472A (en) * | 1963-02-21 | 1969-08-26 | Conzinc Riotinto Ltd | Apparatus for the direct smelting of metallic ores |
US4701217A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1987-10-20 | University Of Birmingham | Smelting reduction |
US20030126943A1 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 2003-07-10 | Schoukens Albert Francois Simon | Production of high titania slag from ilmenite |
WO2004074524A1 (en) * | 2003-02-22 | 2004-09-02 | Noel Alfred Warner | Molten metal siphon with internal and external heater |
US20050269752A1 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2005-12-08 | Warner Noel A | Continuous steelmaking plant |
WO2006092549A2 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-08 | Noel Warner | Process and plant for gas-based direct steelmaking |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE439932B (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1985-07-08 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL FROM NICE CORNED METAL OXIDE MATERIAL |
GB9211052D0 (en) * | 1992-05-23 | 1992-07-08 | Univ Birmingham | Synthetic rutile production |
BRPI0415680B1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2013-04-02 | equipment and direct melting process. |
-
2006
- 2006-04-25 GB GBGB0608080.8A patent/GB0608080D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-02-21 US US12/226,302 patent/US20090230598A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-21 GB GB0821025A patent/GB2451600B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 AU AU2007242640A patent/AU2007242640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-21 WO PCT/GB2007/000568 patent/WO2007122366A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB868717A (en) * | 1956-05-25 | 1961-05-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Improvements in the treatment of ferro-titanium ores |
US3463472A (en) * | 1963-02-21 | 1969-08-26 | Conzinc Riotinto Ltd | Apparatus for the direct smelting of metallic ores |
US4701217A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1987-10-20 | University Of Birmingham | Smelting reduction |
US20030126943A1 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 2003-07-10 | Schoukens Albert Francois Simon | Production of high titania slag from ilmenite |
US20050269752A1 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2005-12-08 | Warner Noel A | Continuous steelmaking plant |
WO2004074524A1 (en) * | 2003-02-22 | 2004-09-02 | Noel Alfred Warner | Molten metal siphon with internal and external heater |
WO2006092549A2 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-08 | Noel Warner | Process and plant for gas-based direct steelmaking |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
Minerals Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 3, March 2006, pp. 262-279 * |
PR Taylor, EPD Congress 2001, 2001, The Metals & Materials Society, pp. 89-103 * |
The Journal of the South African Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Vol. 104, No. 11, pp 653-660 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8602103B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-12-10 | Conocophillips Company | Generation of fluid for hydrocarbon recovery |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0608080D0 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
AU2007242640B2 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
GB0821025D0 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US20090230598A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
GB2451600B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
AU2007242640A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
WO2007122366A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140221 |