GB2451600A - Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide - Google Patents

Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2451600A
GB2451600A GB0821025A GB0821025A GB2451600A GB 2451600 A GB2451600 A GB 2451600A GB 0821025 A GB0821025 A GB 0821025A GB 0821025 A GB0821025 A GB 0821025A GB 2451600 A GB2451600 A GB 2451600A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
unmelted
tio2
shells
reactors
production
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0821025A
Other versions
GB0821025D0 (en
GB2451600B (en
Inventor
Noel Alfred Warner
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Individual
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Filing date
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Publication of GB0821025D0 publication Critical patent/GB0821025D0/en
Publication of GB2451600A publication Critical patent/GB2451600A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2451600B publication Critical patent/GB2451600B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/02—Halides of titanium
    • C01G23/022—Titanium tetrachloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/567—Manufacture of steel by other methods operating in a continuous way
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1204—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent
    • C22B34/1209—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent by dry processes, e.g. with selective chlorination of iron or with formation of a titanium bearing slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
    • C22B34/1231—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes treatment or purification of titanium containing products obtained by dry processes, e.g. condensation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
    • C22B34/1281—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using carbon containing agents, e.g. C, CO, carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
    • C22B34/1286—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using hydrogen containing agents, e.g. H2, CaH2, hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Steel and pigment-grade TiO2 with up to 99.99 % (TiO2 + ZrO2) are produced continuously by direct smelting ilmenite or titaniferous magnetite concentrates at ultra-high temperature. Both oxidic and metal phases are independently force circulated in fully backmixed melt circulation reactors. Close proximity to thermodynamic equilibrium permits liquidus composition melts to be contained within reactors with protective linings of unmelted shells comprised of oxycarbide of the solidus composition. The unmelted shells are maintained above the critical temperature of the ductile to brittle fracture transition by supercritical steam generation, whilst the endothermic heat is supplied by electrical conductive heating. Smelting reduction with natural gas or carbon with low sulphur content, followed by in-line continuous vacuum refining makes available a continuous feed of refined melt for further in-line processing at somewhat lower temperatures using known emerging technologies for titanium metal production.
GB0821025A 2006-04-25 2007-02-21 Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide Expired - Fee Related GB2451600B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0608080.8A GB0608080D0 (en) 2006-04-25 2006-04-25 Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide
PCT/GB2007/000568 WO2007122366A1 (en) 2006-04-25 2007-02-21 Co-production of steel, titanium and high grade oxide

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0821025D0 GB0821025D0 (en) 2008-12-24
GB2451600A true GB2451600A (en) 2009-02-04
GB2451600B GB2451600B (en) 2011-10-05

Family

ID=36581159

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB0608080.8A Ceased GB0608080D0 (en) 2006-04-25 2006-04-25 Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide
GB0821025A Expired - Fee Related GB2451600B (en) 2006-04-25 2007-02-21 Co-production of steel titanium and high grade oxide

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB0608080.8A Ceased GB0608080D0 (en) 2006-04-25 2006-04-25 Co-production of steel, titanium and high-grade oxide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090230598A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007242640B2 (en)
GB (2) GB0608080D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2007122366A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8602103B2 (en) 2009-11-24 2013-12-10 Conocophillips Company Generation of fluid for hydrocarbon recovery

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130022522A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2013-01-24 Iluka Resources Limited Synthetic rutile process a
AU2013383015B2 (en) * 2013-03-18 2016-09-08 Outotec (Finland) Oy Process and plant for producing titanium slag from ilmenite
CN114053970B (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-09-26 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 Methane cracking furnace

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB868717A (en) * 1956-05-25 1961-05-25 Union Carbide Corp Improvements in the treatment of ferro-titanium ores
US3463472A (en) * 1963-02-21 1969-08-26 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Apparatus for the direct smelting of metallic ores
US4701217A (en) * 1986-11-06 1987-10-20 University Of Birmingham Smelting reduction
US20030126943A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 2003-07-10 Schoukens Albert Francois Simon Production of high titania slag from ilmenite
WO2004074524A1 (en) * 2003-02-22 2004-09-02 Noel Alfred Warner Molten metal siphon with internal and external heater
US20050269752A1 (en) * 2002-07-17 2005-12-08 Warner Noel A Continuous steelmaking plant
WO2006092549A2 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-08 Noel Warner Process and plant for gas-based direct steelmaking

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE439932B (en) * 1980-11-10 1985-07-08 Skf Steel Eng Ab PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL FROM NICE CORNED METAL OXIDE MATERIAL
GB9211052D0 (en) * 1992-05-23 1992-07-08 Univ Birmingham Synthetic rutile production
UA88283C2 (en) * 2003-10-21 2009-10-12 Оутокумпу Текнолоджи Ой Plant and process for direct smelting for producing molten iron from fine fractions of iron ore

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB868717A (en) * 1956-05-25 1961-05-25 Union Carbide Corp Improvements in the treatment of ferro-titanium ores
US3463472A (en) * 1963-02-21 1969-08-26 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Apparatus for the direct smelting of metallic ores
US4701217A (en) * 1986-11-06 1987-10-20 University Of Birmingham Smelting reduction
US20030126943A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 2003-07-10 Schoukens Albert Francois Simon Production of high titania slag from ilmenite
US20050269752A1 (en) * 2002-07-17 2005-12-08 Warner Noel A Continuous steelmaking plant
WO2004074524A1 (en) * 2003-02-22 2004-09-02 Noel Alfred Warner Molten metal siphon with internal and external heater
WO2006092549A2 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-08 Noel Warner Process and plant for gas-based direct steelmaking

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Minerals Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 3, March 2006, pp. 262-279 *
PR Taylor, EPD Congress 2001, 2001, The Metals & Materials Society, pp. 89-103 *
The Journal of the South African Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Vol. 104, No. 11, pp 653-660 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8602103B2 (en) 2009-11-24 2013-12-10 Conocophillips Company Generation of fluid for hydrocarbon recovery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090230598A1 (en) 2009-09-17
WO2007122366A1 (en) 2007-11-01
GB0821025D0 (en) 2008-12-24
GB2451600B (en) 2011-10-05
AU2007242640A1 (en) 2007-11-01
GB0608080D0 (en) 2006-05-31
AU2007242640B2 (en) 2012-01-19

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20140221