GB2431917A

GB2431917A - Stackable collapsible container

Info

Publication number: GB2431917A
Application number: GB0522341A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Andrew Christopher Cope
Original assignee: Linpac Materials Handling Ltd
Current assignee: LA 2012 Ltd
Priority date: 2005-11-02
Filing date: 2005-11-02
Publication date: 2007-05-09
Also published as: DE602006004823D1; ATE420820T1; GB0522341D0; GB0600164D0

Abstract

A collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, includes a base (102), a pair of side walls (104) and a pair of side walls (106) that are pivotally attached to the base. The walls (104,106) are arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base (102) when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected. The free edges of the erected walls define an open mouth. A pair of stacking elements (116) are located adjacent to the free edges of the end walls (106) for supporting the base of another container stacked on the first container. The end walls (106) lie adjacent the base (102) and side walls (104) overlie the end walls when collapsed. The stacking elements may be pivotable or fixed relative to the inner face of the walls (104,106).

Description

I

Collapsible Container The present invention relates to a collapsible container that is suitable for stacking.

Stacking containers are widely used in the retail industry for transporting produce such as fresh fruit and vegetables from the growers to the shops, and for displaying those goods for sale. The containers protect the goods during transportation and storage and may be stacked for efficient handling and storage. After the goods have been sold, the containers are washed and returned for re-filling.

In order to minimise shipping costs when returning the empty containers, they are nonnally : *s designed to be transported in a more compact form. There are two main types of container :::. : that have this capability.

* :* * The first type of container is nestable and has inclined or stepped walls and a mouth that is larger than the base. This allows an empty container to be nested with similar containers.

I.....

* 15 Nestable containers normally have retractable stacking bars (or "bale arms") that can be * : * positioned over the mouth of the container, allowing it to be stacked with other similar * * containers in an unnested configuration (also sometimes called a "column stacked" configuration) with virtually no intrusion into the enclosed volume of the container.

Sometimes, the stacking bars can be located in a third position to allow stacking in a partially nested condition. The stacking bars also allow slide stacking, in which a container is stacked by placing it on a lower container in an offset position and then sliding it to its final stacking position. This improves handling of the containers. An example of a nestable container is described in EP 0553540.

The second main type of container is collapsible and generally has a rectangular base and four walls that are attached to the edges of the base by hinges. The walls can be folded flat onto the base for transportation and storage when empty. When the container is an erected condition, the walls are vertical and the mouth of the container is the same size as the base.

This allows the container to be stacked with similar containers. An example is described in EP 091 1268.

One problem with the collapsible container described in EP 0911268 is that it is not compatible with nestable containers. In other words, nestable and collapsible containers cannot be stacked together, because the base of the nestable container will fit within the collapsible container. An answer to this problem is supplied by the container described in WO 01/44060. That document describes a collapsible container that has pivoting stacking bars attached to the end walls. The stacking bars can be positioned over the mouth of the container to allow stacking with nestable containers, as well as with similar collapsible containers. The stacking bars also serve as a secondary locking device to retain the walls in the upright configuration, and they allow slide stacking.

There are however a number of problems with the container described in WO 0 1/44060.

:.: . First, during washing, the hot cleaning fluid makes the walls pliable and as a result they can collapse preventing thorough washing of the container. In addition, when the stacking bars * :*. 15 are located in the stacking position, they partially obstruct the mouth of the container, * : * thereby restricting access to the goods and preventing automatic filling of the container.

Moving the bars between the two positions is laborious and can sometimes be forgotten, * : as a result of which the goods in the container may be damaged if a nestable container is * ** . then placed on top. Furthermore, although the folded container occupies less than 25% of the volume occupied by the erected container, there is still a need for an even more compact arrangement.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a collapsible container that mitigates at least some of the aforesaid disadvantages.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and a stacking element located adjacent the to free edge of at least one wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein the plurality of walls include two shorter -,x. -walls that lie adjacent the base when collapsed and two longer walls that overlie the shorter walls when collapsed.

The container described above provides a number of important advantages over the prior art. First, because the end walls have to be folded before the side walls, the side walls cannot easily collapse during the washing process. This makes the process more reliable.

Because the stacking element (or elements) does not protrude far into the open mouth of the container, it does not significantly restrict access to the goods in the container. Further, when the container is in a collapsed condition it occupies less than 25% of the volume occupied when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs.

The length of the shorter walls is preferably less than the separation of the erected longer * walls, so that the shorter walls can pivot between the erected longer walls.

Advantageously, the collapsible container includes a pair of stacking elements located **** adjacent the free edges of an opposed pair of walls. IS * * * I

* . 15 Advantageously, the stacking elements are pivotally attached to inner faces of the opposed walls and are constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for * :w stacking or a retracted condition. I. S * S S

* The stacking elements are preferably constructed and arranged to deploy automatically when the container is erected, and to retract when the container is collapsed. Because the stacking elements are deployed and retracted automatically, the need for a laborious manual operation is avoided. The risk of damage to the goods through failure to deploy the stacking bars is also avoided.

The stacking elements may be constructed and arranged to deploy under gravity.

Alternatively, resilient biassing means may be provided to cause deployment: this may be part of the stacking element, part of a wall or a separate component.

Advantageously, the stacking elements are constructed and arranged to retract into recesses in the walls. The resulting container is suitable for automatic filling owing to the small I. Sw.--intrusion of the stacking elements into the mouth of the container and the fact that the stacking elements can be easily retracted into the recesses if necessary.

The stacking elements may be pivotally attached to the shorter walls (the end walls), allowing slide stacking from the sides of the container.

Alternatively, the stacking elements may be pivotally attached to the longer walls (the side walls). Preferably, the stacking elements are arranged to support the shorter walls when deployed, thereby preventing unintended collapse of the walls.

The stacking elements may extend along substantially the entire length of the longer walls to allow slide stacking from the end of the container. This allows half-size containers to be stacked on top of the container in a transverse direction. Alternatively, the stacking elements may be located towards the ends of the longer walls, so that intrusion into the mouth of the container is minimised. S...

* ... The stacking elements may alternatively be immovably attached to inner faces of the * :* * opposed walls. This provides a very simple, strong structure with few moving parts. The * 15 stacking elements are preferably attached to the longer walls.

S..... * .

* The stacking elements may extend along substantially the entire length of the longer walls S.....

* . . . to allow slide stacking from the ends of the container. This allows half-size containers to be stacked on top of the container in a transverse direction. Alternatively, they may be located towards the ends of the longer walls.

In an alternative arrangement, the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the free edges of the opposed walls and are constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking in which they extend inwards from the opposed walls, or a retracted condition in which they are located against outer faces of the opposed walls.

Preferably, the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the shorter walls. The stacking elements may include locking elements that are constructed and arranged to engage the longer walls when deployed, to prevent unintended collapse of the shorter walls.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein the stacking element is pivotally attached to an inner face of the said wall and is constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking or a retracted condition.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one * :-stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another * * . container stacked thereon, wherein the stacking element is immovably attached to an inner *bI face of the said wall. q* * * * S

* According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a collapsible container that Ss5SS * may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially * parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein in which the stacking elements is pivotally attached to the free edge of the said wall and is constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking in which it extends inwards from the wall, or a retracted condition in it is located against an outer face of the walls.

The invention as defined by any one of the last three statements of invention may also include the features of any of the preceding statements of invention.

Certain embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first container in an erected condition; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the first container in a folded condition; Figure 3 is a perspective view showing part of the first container at an enlarged scale, with a stacking element in a stacking configuration; Figure 4 is a perspective view of part of the first container showing the stacking element in a stowed condition; Figure 5 is a cross-section of part of the first container with the stacking element in a stacking condition; Figure 6 is a cross-section showing the stacking element in a stowed condition; Figure 7 is a perspective view of a second container in an erected condition; * *. * I 0

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the second container in a folded condition; * * Figure 9 is a perspective view showing part of the second container at an enlarged scale, with a stacking element in a stacking configuration; o..ai I * I Figure 10 is a perspective view of the second container with the stacking element in a stowed condition; * 4* Figure 11 is a cross-section of part of the second container with the stacking element in a stowed configuration; Figure 12 is a cross-section of part of the second container with the stacking element in a stacking condition; Figure 13 is a perspective view of a third container in an erected condition; Figure 14 is a perspective view of the third container in a folded condition; Figure 15 is a perspective view showing part of the third container at an enlarged scale, with a stacking element in a stacking configuration; Figure 16 is a perspective view of part of the third container with the stacking element in a stowed condition; Figure 17 is a cross-section of part of the third container with the stacking element in a stowed configuration; Figure 18 is a cross-section of a part of the third container with the stacking element in a stacking condition; Figure 19 is a perspective view of a fourth container in an erected condition; Figure 20 is a perspective view of the fourth container in a folded condition; Figure 21 is a perspective view of part of the fourth container at an enlarged scale; : * 10 Figure 22 is a cross-section showing a part of the fourth container; Figure 23 is a perspective view of a fifth container in an erected condition; * Figure 24 is a perspective view of the fifth container in a folded condition; * Figure 25 is a perspective view showing part of the fifth container at an enlarged scale with a stacking element in a stowed condition; * I Figure 26 is a perspective view of part of the fifth container with the stacking element in a stacking condition; Figure 27 is a cross-section showing a part of the fifth container with the stacking element in a stowed condition; Figure 28 is a cross-section showing the stacking element in a stacking condition; Figure 29 is a perspective view of a sixth container in an erected condition; Figure 30 is a perspective view of the sixth container in a folded condition; Figure 31 is a perspective view showing part of the sixth container at an enlarged scale; and Figure 32 is a cross-section showing a part of the sixth container.

Embodiment 1 The first container 100 shown in Figures 1-6 comprises a substantially rectangular base 102, two longer side walls 104 and two shorter end walls 106. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 102 by means of hinges 108, which allow the walls to be folded flat onto the base 102 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure 2. It will be noted that the end walls 106 are folded first and that in the collapsed condition they lie adjacent to the base 102. The length of the end walls 106 is less than the separation of the erected side walls 104, so that the end walls can pivot between the side walls. The side walls 104 are collapsed after the end walls 106 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 106. Recesses 109 are provided where necessary in the side walls to allow them to lie flat against the end walls.

Complementary locking formations 110 in the form of resilient detents are provided on the end walls and the side walls, to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected * :1 * condition as shown in Figure 1. The locking formations 110 are conventional and will not 15 be described in detail.

* * The upper edges 112 of the side walls 104 and the end walls 106 are designed to receive * : the edges of the base 102 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an erected, column stacked condition. The edges and the base may be provided with S.....

complementary locking formations 114, to prevent relative movement of the stacked *. .: 20 containers.

Each of the end walls 106 carries a retractable stacking element 116, that may be deployed to allow stacking with a nestable container. The retractable stacking element is shown in more detail in Figures 3-6 and comprises a pivotable support bar, mounted in a recess 118 on the inner face of the end wall 106, adjacent its upper edge 112. The support bar 116 is attached to the end wall by means of a pivot 120, allowing it to be deployed as shown in Figures 3 and 5, or retracted within the recess 118 as shown in Figures 4 and 6. A spring element 122 attached to the support bar engages the rear face of the recess 118 and urges the support bar outwards into the deployed position. The support bar may however be pushed back into the recess 118 against the resilience of the biassing member 122.

In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 116 automatically adopt the deployed condition as shown in Figures 3 and 5, owing to the resilience of the biassing elements 122. This allows the container to be stacked with a nestable container, without the nestable container intruding significantly into the enclosed volume of the container. The container can also be colunm stacked with similar collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 112 of the walls 104,106.

In order to fold the container, the end walls 106 are collapsed first and laid flat against the base 102. The locking formations 110 are such that they can be released simply by pressing on the end walls 106. As the stacking elements 116 engage the base, they are pushed back into the recesses 118 against the force of the resilient biassing elements 122. The side walls 104 are then folded down on top of the end walls 106.

Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls are lifted first, followed by the end walls 106, which are locked into * : position by the locking formations 110. As the end walls 106 are lifted, the stacking I... . . . * ,* 15 elements 116 deploy automatically, under the force of the resilient biassing elements 122.

* The first container described above provides a number of important advantages over the * : *.. prior art. First, because the end walls 106 have to be folded before the side walls 104, the side walls 104 cannot easily collapse during a washing process. This makes the process *.*.** more reliable. Further, because the stacking elements 116 do not protrude far into the open * * 20 mouth of the container, they do not significantly restrict access to the goods in the container. The stacking elements are deployed and retracted automatically, avoiding the need for a laborious manual operation. The risk of damage to the goods through failure to deploy the stacking bars is also avoided. The container is also suitable for automatic filling owing to the small intrusion of the stacking elements into the mouth of the container and the fact that the stacking elements can be easily retracted into the recesses in the end walls if necessary during the filling operation. The stacking elements also allow slide stacking from the sides of the container. Finally, when the container is in a collapsed condition, it occupies less than 25% of the volume when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs.

In a modification of the embodiment described above (not illustrated), the resilient biassing elements can be formed as separate components or they can be moulded as parts of the supporting walls.

Embodiment 2 The second container 200 shown in Figures 7-12 comprises a substantially rectangular base 202, two side walls 204 and two end walls 206. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 202 by means of hinges 208, which allow the walls to be folded flat onto the base 202 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure 8. It will be noted that the end walls 206 are folded first and that in the collapsed condition they lie adjacent to the base 202. The side walls 204 are collapsed after the end walls 206 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 206.

Complementary locking formations 210 are provided on the end walls and the side walls, : ** to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected condition as shown in Figure S.. * * : : : : 7. The locking formations 210 are conventional and will not be described in detail.

The upper edges 212 of the side walls 204 and the end walls 206 are designed to receive the edges of the base 202 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an S.....

* erected condition. The edges and the base may be provided with complementary locking * : * formations to prevent relative movement of the stacked containers. S. S

* .: Each of the side walls 204 carries a retractable stacking element 216, that may be deployed to allow stacking with a nestable container. The retractable stacking element is shown in more detail in Figures 9-12 and comprises a pivotable support bar, mounted in a recess 218 on the inner face of the side wall 204, adjacent its upper edge 212. The support bar 216 is attached to the end wall by means of a hinge 220, allowing it to be deployed as shown in Figures 9 and 12, or retracted within the recess 218 as shown in Figures 10 and 11. The support bar is urged outwards into the deployed position by gravity and is supported in that position by an inclined wall 221. The support bar may however be pushed back into the recess 218 when necessary.

The support bar 216 includes a lower part 21 6a, a middle part 21 6b, and an upper part 21 6c.

When the stacking bar 216 is in the deployed position as shown in Figure 12, the lower and upper parts 21 6a,2 1 6b are inclined outwards from the side wall 204, and the middle part 21 6b is substantially horizontal. During use, the upper edge of the upper part 21 6c engages the underside of a stacked container. The upper part 21 6c includes a number of notches 222, which allow it to fold flat against the folded end walls 206. The ends of the support bars 216 are received in shaped recesses 224 provided in the end walls 206, when the container is in an erected condition with the stacking elements deployed (see Figure 9).

The support bars 216 thus provide a secondary locking function, to prevent the end walls from being folded inwards. When the container is to be folded, the support bars 216 are first retracted into the recesses 218 in the side waIls 204 as shown in Figure 10. This allows the end walls to be folded flat against the base 202, followed by the side walls 204.

In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 216 automatically adopt the deployed condition as shown in Figures 9 and 12, owing to the force of gravity. This allows the container to be stacked with a nestable container, without : ** the nestable container intruding significantly into the enclosed volume of the container.

::: s: 15 The container can also be stacked with similar collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 212 of the walls 204,206.

S

In order to fold the container, the stacking elements 216 are retracted and the end walls 206 5S55*S * are collapsed and laid flat against the base 202. The side walls 204 are then folded down * : on top of the end walls 206. As the stacking elements 216 engage the end walls 206, they * 20 are pushed back into the recesses 218 in the side walls.

Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls 204 are lifted first, followed by the end walls 206, which are locked into position by the locking formations 210 and the stacking elements 216. The stacking elements 216 deploy automatically, under the force of gravity.

The second container described above provides a similar set of advantages over the prior art. First, because the end walls 206 have to be folded before the side walls 204, the side walls 204 cannot easily collapse during a washing process. This makes the process more reliable. Further, because the stacking elements 216 do not protrude far into the open mouth of the container, they do not significantly restrict access to the goods in the container. The stacking elements are deployed and retracted automatically, avoiding the need for a laborious manual operation. The risk of damage to the goods through failure to deploy the stacking bars is also avoided. The container is also suitable for automatic filling owing to the small intrusion of the stacking elements into the mouth of the container and the fact that the stacking elements can be easily retracted into the recesses in the side walls if necessary. The stacking elements also allow slide stacking from the ends of the container. Because the stacking elements extend along substantially the full length of the side walls, it is possible to stack half-size containers on top of the container in a transverse direction. Finally, when the container is in a collapsed condition, it occupies less than 25% of the volume it occupies when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs.

In a modification of the embodiment described above (not illustrated), detents can be provided on the stacking elements andlor the walls to retain the stacking elements in a retracted condition, for easy loading of the container. After the container has been filled * * the stacking elements can be popped back to the deployed condition for stacking, either ::.: 15 manually or automatically. ****

Embodiment 3 * : The third container 300 shown in Figures 13-18 is similar in many respects to the second container and comprises a substantially rectangular base 302, two side walls 304 and two *:. ; end walls 306. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 302 by means of * 20 hinges 308, which allow the walls to be folded flat onto the base 302 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure 14. It will be noted that the end walls 306 are folded first and that in the collapsed condition they lie adjacent to the base 302. The side walls 304 are collapsed after the end walls 306 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 306.

Complementary locking formations are provided on the end walls and the side walls, to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected condition as shown in Figure 13. The locking formations are conventional and will not be described in detail.

The upper edges 312 of the side walls 304 and the end walls 306 are designed to receive the edges of the base 302 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an erected condition. The edges and the base may be provided with complementary locking formations to prevent relative movement of the stacked containers.

Each of the side walls 304 carries a pair of retractable stacking elements 316 adjacent its ends, that may be deployed to allow stacking with a nestable container. The retractable stacking element 316 is shown in more detail in Figures 15-18 and comprises a pivotable support that is mounted in a recess 318 on the inner face of the side wall 304, adjacent its upper edge 312. The support bar 316 is attached to the side wall by means of a pivot 320, allowing it to be deployed as shown in Figures 15 and 18, or retracted within the recess 318 as shown in Figures 16 and 17.The support bar is urged outwards into the deployed position by gravity and is supported in that position by an inclined wall 321. The support bar may however be pushed back into the recess 318 when necessary.

The support bar 316 includes a lower part 31 6a, a middle part 31 6b, and an upper part 31 6c.

When the stacking bar 316 is in the deployed position as shown in Figures 15 and 18, the * lower and upper parts 316a,316b are inclined outwards from the side wall 304, and the * ,.. 15 middle part 316b is substantially horizontal. During use, the upper edge of the upper part * a: 31 6c engages the underside of a stacked container. The inner and outer ends of the support bars 316 are chamfered, so that as the end walls 306 are folded inwards or outwards the S.....

a support bars 316 are automatically pushed back out of the way into the recesses. This * : allows the container to folded and erected easily. When the container is in a folded * * 20 condition, the support bars 316 are pushed back into the recesses 318 by engagement with the folded end walls. This allows the side walls to lie flat against the end walls 306.

In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 316 automatically adopt the deployed condition as shown in Figures 15 and 18. This allows the container to be stacked with a nestable container, without the nestable container intruding significantly into the enclosed volume of the container. The container can also be stacked with similar collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 312 of the walls 304,306.

In order to fold the container, the end walls 306 are collapsed first and laid flat against the base 302. The side walls 304 are then folded down on top of the end walls 306. As the stacking elements 316 engage the folded end walls 306, they are pushed back into the recesses 318.

Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls 304 are lifted first, followed by the end walls 306. As the side walls 304 are lifted, the stacking elements 316 deploy automatically, under the force of gravity.

The third container described above provides a similar set of advantages over the prior art to the second container, except that in this case the stacking elements do not allow slide stacking. On the other hand, because the stacking elements 316 are located only towards the ends of the side walls they do not impede access to goods in the container.

In a modification of the embodiment described above (not illustrated), detents can be provided on the stacking elements and/or the walls to retain the stacking elements in a retracted condition, for easy loading of the container. After the container has been filled the stacking elements can be popped back to the deployed condition for stacking, either manually or automatically.

* : Embodiment 4 *... The fourth container 400 shown in Figures 19-26 comprises a substantially rectangular base * :* * 15 402, two side walls 404 and two end walls 406. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 402 by means of hinges 408, which allow the walls to be folded flat S.....

* onto the base 402 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure * : 20. It will be noted that the end walls 406 are folded first and that in the collapsed * condition they lie adjacent to the base 402. The side walls 404 are collapsed after the end walls 406 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 406.

Complementary locking formations 410 are provided on the end walls and the side walls, to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected condition as shown in Figure 19. The locking formations 410 are conventional and will not be described in detail.

The upper edges 412 of the side walls 404 and the end walls 406 are designed to receive the edges of the base 402 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an erected condition. The edges and the base may be provided with complementary locking formations 414, to prevent relative movement of the stacked containers.

Each of the side waIls 404 carries a set of fixed stacking elements 416. Each set includes two end elements 41 6a and a centre element 41 6b, with separating gaps 418. An end stacking element 416a is shown in more detail in Figures 21-22 and comprises a fixed support bracket, which is moulded on the inner face of the side wall 404, adjacent its upper edge 412.

In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 416 extend inwards from the side walls 404, as shown in Figures 21 and 22. This allows the container to be stacked with a nestable container, without the nestable container intruding significantly into the enclosed volume of the container. The container can also be stacked with similar collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 412 of the walls 404,406, or with half size containers, which are stacked in a transverse direction.

In order to fold the container, the end walls 406 are collapsed first and laid flat against the base 402. The locking formations 410 are such that they can be released simply by pressing : . on the end walls 406. The side walls 404 are then folded down on top of the end walls 406. S..

The separating gaps 418 between the stacking elements 41 6a,4 1 6b allows the side walls * : ** 404 to lie flat against the end walls 406.

* : Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls 404 are lifted first, followed by the end walls 406, which are locked :. into position by the locking formations 410.

The fourth container described above provides a number of important advantages over the prior art. First, because the end walls 406 have to be folded before the side walls 404, the side walls 404 cannot easily collapse during a washing process. This makes the process more reliable. Further, because the stacking elements 416 do not protrude far into the open mouth of the container, they do not significantly restrict access to the goods in the container. There is no need for the stacking elements to be deployed and retracted, avoiding the need for a laborious manual operation. The risk of damage to the goods through failure to deploy the stacking bars is thus avoided. The container is also suitable for certain automatic filling processes owing to the fact that the stacking elements do not intrude very far into the mouth of the container. The container has no moveable parts apart from the hinged walls and it is therefore relatively simple and cheap to manufacture. The stacking elements also allow slide stacking from the ends of the container. Because the stacking elements extend along substantially the full length of the side walls, it is possible to stack half-size containers on top of the container in a transverse direction. Finally, when the container is in a collapsed condition, it occupies less than 25% of the volume when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs.

Embodiment 5 The fifth container 500 shown in Figures 23-28 comprises a substantially rectangular base 502, two side walls 504 and two end walls 506. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 502 by means of hinges 508, which allow the walls to be folded flat onto the base 502 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure 24. It will be noted that the end walls 506 are folded first and that in the collapsed condition they lie adjacent to the base 502. The side walls 504 are collapsed after the end walls 506 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 506. 6* *

Complementary locking formations are provided on the end walls and the side walls, to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected condition as shown in Figure * 23. The locking formations are conventional and will not be described in detail.

**.*..

* The upper edges 512 of the side walls 504 and the end walls 506 are designed to receive * : the edges of the base 502 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an * S. erected condition. The edges and the base may be provided with complementary locking formations to prevent relative movement of the stacked containers.

Each of the end walls 506 carries a retractable stacking element 516, that may be deployed to allow stacking with a nestable container. The retractable stacking element 516 is shown in more detail in Figures 25-28 and comprises a pivotable support bar, which is attached to the end wall 506, adjacent its upper edge 512, by means of a pivot 520. This allows it to be deployed as shown in Figures 26 and 28, or retracted within a recess 518 on the outer face of the end wall 506 as shown in Figures 25 and 27. The ends of the support bar include outwardly extending portions 522 that engage recesses 524 in the upper edges 512 of the side walls 504 when in a deployed condition. This provides a secondary locking function to retain the end walls 506 in an upright position.

In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 516 are located in the deployed condition as shown in Figures 26 and 28. This allows the container to be stacked with a nestable container, without the nestable container intruding significantly into the enclosed volume of the container. The container can also be stacked with similar collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 512 of the walls 504,506.

In order to fold the container, the stacking elements 516 are rotated outwards through an angle of approximately 270 to the retracted condition shown in Figures 25 and 27. The end walls 506 are then collapsed and laid flat against the base 502. The side walls 504 are then folded down on top of the end walls 506.

Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls 504 are lifted first, followed by the end walls 506, which are locked into position by the locking formations. The stacking elements 516 are then rotated to the deployed position, as shown in Figure 26 and 28. * 0 *

The fifth container described above provides a number of important advantages over the prior art. First, because the end walls 506 have to be folded before the side walls 504, the * side walls 504 cannot easily collapse during a washing process. This makes the process O: more reliable. Further, because the stacking elements 516 do not protrude far into the open mouth of the container, they do not significantly restrict access to the goods in the * : . container. The container is suitable for automatic filling owing to the small intrusion of the stacking elements into the mouth of the container and the fact that the stacking elements can be easily retracted if necessary. The stacking elements also allow slide stacking from the sides of the container. Finally, when the container is in a collapsed condition, it occupies less than 25% of the volume when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs.

Embodiment 6 The sixth container 600 shown in Figures 29-32 comprises a substantially rectangular base 602, two side waIls 604 and two end walls 606. The side walls and the end walls are attached to the base 602 by means of hinges 608, which allow the walls to be folded flat onto the base 602 for storage or transportation in a collapsed condition, as shown in Figure 29. It will be noted that the end walls 606 are folded first and that in the collapsed condition they lie adjacent to the base 602. The side walls 604 are collapsed after the end walls 606 and in the collapsed condition overlie the end walls 606..

Complementary locking formations are provided on the end walls and the side walls, to lock the walls together when the container is in the erected condition as shown in Figure 29. The locking formations are conventional and will not be described in detail.

The upper edges 612 of the side walls 604 and the end walls 606 are designed to receive the edges of the base 602 of a similar container when the containers are stacked in an erected condition. The edges and the base may be provided with complementary locking formations 614, to prevent relative movement of the stacked containers.

Each of the side walls 604 carries a pair of fixed stacking elements 616 adjacent its ends, to allow stacking with a nestable container. A stacking element 616 is shown in more detail : ** in Figures 31-32 and comprises a support bracket that is moulded onto the inner face of the * side wall 604, adjacent its upper edge 612.

* :* * 15 In use, when the container is in an erected condition, the stacking elements 616 extend inwards from the side walls 604, as shown in Figure 31. This allows the container to be * stacked with a nestable container, without the nestable container intruding significantly into :: the enclosed volume of the container. The container can also be stacked with similar * collapsible containers, which engage the upper edges 612 of the walls 604,606.

In order to fold the container, the end walls 606 are collapsed first and laid flat against the base 602. The locking formations are such that they can be released simply by pressing on the end walls 606. The side walls 604 are then folded down on top of the end walls 606.

Erecting the collapsed container for use is simply a reverse of the procedure described above. The side walls 604 are lifted first, followed by the end walls 606, which are locked into position by the locking formations.

The sixth container described above provides a number of important advantages over the prior art. First, because the end walls 606 have to be folded before the side walls 604, the side waIls 604 cannot easily collapse during a washing process. This makes the process more reliable. Further, because the stacking elements 616 do not protrude far into the open mouth of the container, they do not significantly restrict access to the goods in the container. There is no requirement for the stacking elements to be deployed and retracted, avoiding the need for a laborious manual operation. The risk of damage to the goods is thus avoided. The container is suitable for automatic filling owing to the small intrusion of the stacking elements into the mouth of the container. Finally, when the container is in a collapsed condition, it occupies less than 25% of the volume when it is in an erected condition, thereby providing greater economies in shipping costs. * S. * S S S.. * S... * S S... S. * * .. S *S

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Claims

CLAIMS

I. A collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and a stacking element located adjacent the free edge of at least one wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein the plurality of walls include two shorter walls that lie adjacent the base when collapsed and two longer walls that overlie the : .: * shorter walls when collapsed. **** * S S...
2. A collapsible container according to claim 1, wherein the length of the shorter walls * ..* is less than the separation of the erected longer walls, whereby the shorter walls can * : * pivot between the erected longer walls.

* :
3. A collapsible container according to claim 1 or claim 2, including a pair of stacking * elements located adjacent the free edges of an opposed pair of walls.
4. A collapsible container according to claim 3, in which the stacking elements are pivotally attached to inner faces of the opposed walls and are constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking or a retracted condition.
5. A collapsible container according to claim 4, in which the stacking elements are constructed and arranged to deploy automatically when the container is erected, and to retract when the container is collapsed.
6. A collapsible container according to claim 5, in which the stacking elements are constructed and arranged to deploy under gravity.
7. A collapsible container according to claim 5, including resilient biassing means to cause deployment.
8. A collapsible container according to any one of claims 4 to 7, in which the stacking elements are constructed and arranged to retract into recesses in the walls.
9. A collapsible container according to any one of claims 4 to 8, in which the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the shorter walls.
10. A collapsible container according to any one of claims 4 to 8, in which the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the longer walls.
11. A collapsible container according to claim 10, in which the stacking elements are arranged to support the shorter walls when deployed.
12. A collapsible container according to claim 10 or 11, in which the stacking elements extend along substantially the entire length of the longer walls. a...

*...
13. A collapsible container according to claim 10 or 11, in which the stacking elements * :* * are located towards the ends of the longer walls.

* : *
14. A collapsible container according to claim 3, in which the stacking elements are immovably attached to inner faces of the opposed walls.

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15. A collapsible container according to claim 14, in which the stacking elements are attached to the longer walls.

16. A collapsible container according to claim 15, in which the stacking elements extend along substantially the entire length of the longer walls.

17. A collapsible container according to claim 15, in which the stacking elements are located towards the ends of the longer walls.

18. A collapsible container according to claim 3, in which the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the free edges of the opposed walls and are constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking in which they extend inwards from the opposed walls, or a retracted condition in which they are located against outer faces of the opposed walls.

19. A collapsible container according to claim 18, in which the stacking elements are pivotally attached to the shorter walls.

20. A collapsible container according to claim 19, in which the stacking elements include locking elements that are constructed and arranged to engage the longer walls when deployed.

21. A collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another : ::.: container stacked thereon, wherein the stacking element is pivotally attached to an I...

inner face of the said wall and is constructed and arranged to be configured in a *: . deployed condition for stacking or a retracted condition.

*6**66 * 22. A collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally * attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein the stacking element is immovably attached to an inner face of the said wall.

23. A collapsible container that may be configured in a collapsed condition or an erected condition, including a base and a plurality of walls that are pivotally attached to the base and arranged to lie substantially parallel with the base when collapsed and to stand substantially perpendicular to the base when erected, the free edges of the erected walls defining an open mouth, and at least one stacking element located adjacent the free edge of a wall for supporting the base of another container stacked thereon, wherein in which the stacking elements is pivotally attached to the free edge of the said wall and is constructed and arranged to be configured in a deployed condition for stacking in which it extends inwards from the wall, or a retracted condition in it is located against an outer face of the walls.

24. A collapsible container according to any one of claims 21, 22 and 23, and further including the features of any one of claims I to 20.

25. A collapsible container substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by figures 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, 19-22, 23-28 or 29-32 of the accompanying drawings.

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