GB2410013A - Truck with endless loop transmission for steering drive - Google Patents

Truck with endless loop transmission for steering drive Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2410013A
GB2410013A GB0500874A GB0500874A GB2410013A GB 2410013 A GB2410013 A GB 2410013A GB 0500874 A GB0500874 A GB 0500874A GB 0500874 A GB0500874 A GB 0500874A GB 2410013 A GB2410013 A GB 2410013A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
working machine
steering
machine according
pivot plates
traction mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0500874A
Other versions
GB2410013B (en
GB0500874D0 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Goetz
Constantin Robkopf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of GB0500874D0 publication Critical patent/GB0500874D0/en
Publication of GB2410013A publication Critical patent/GB2410013A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2410013B publication Critical patent/GB2410013B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G5/00—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements
    • B60G5/04—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements with two or more pivoted arms, the movements of which are resiliently interrelated, e.g. the arms being rigid
    • B60G5/06—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements with two or more pivoted arms, the movements of which are resiliently interrelated, e.g. the arms being rigid the arms turning on a common pivot, e.g. being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/02—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for pivoted bogies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/08—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
    • B62D7/09—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07568—Steering arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07586—Suspension or mounting of wheels on chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/41—Fluid actuator
    • B60G2202/413—Hydraulic actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
    • B60G2300/022—Fork lift trucks, Clark

Abstract

An industrial vehicle such as a fork lift truck comprises two laterally spaced pivot plates (DS1, DS2 see fig 1), each providing mounting for at least one wheel (R1, R2 see fig 1). An endless loop such as a belt Z transmits a force from a steering actuator Ak to each pivot plate (DS1, DS2) via a cam plate Ro1, Ro2 for causing the wheels (R1, R2) to have differing steering angles during cornering. The cam plates Ro1, Ro2 are connected to an upper end of a hydraulic suspension arrangement. The piston KS of the actuator Ak is stationary relative to the axes VA1, VA2 of the pivot plates (DS1, DS2) and of rotor rods RS1, RS2. The suspension arrangement comprises pistons (K1, K2 see fig 1) which are rotatable to provide steering of respective wheels (R1, R2).

Description

Working machine comprising a steering axle with two pivot plates The
invention relates to a working machine, in particular an industrial truck, comprising a steering axle having two pivot plates laterally spaced apart from one another, on each of which at least one wheel is mounted, and comprising a steering drive configured as a linear drive which is common to the two pivot plates.
A generic working machine is disclosed in EP 0 741 069 B1. In the steering axle of this working machine, the steering drive consists of a hydraulic steering cylinder which is coupled to the two pivot plates via steering levers.
The present invention is based on the object of providing a working machine of the type mentioned at the outset which has a simplified steering axle with a reduced space requirement.
This object is achieved according to the invention in that the pivot plates are in operative connection by means of a traction mechanism with a linearly movable actuator of the steering drive.
The idea essential to the invention accordingly consists in using a simple traction mechanism in place of a large number of levers in order to drive the pivot plates by means of the linearly movable actuator.
A configuration of the invention is particularly favourable here, according to which the traction mechanism is configured as an endless traction mechanism of an outer gearing and engages with two rotors which are coupled in each case to one of the pivot plates. The traction mechanism is therefore constantly effective for the two pivot plates regardless of the direction of movement.
In one embodiment of the invention it is advantageous if the rotors engaging with the traction mechanism are each configured as a cam plate by means of which steering angles of the pivot plates, which differ from one another, can be achieved when the pivot plates are pivoted out of the straight ahead driving position. When the pivot plates are pivoted in this manner a steering angle difference of the steered wheels is obtained and therefore a correct steering geometry can be achieved during cornering, in which the two wheels have the same steering centre.
The steering drive can be configured as a hydraulic steering cylinder.
This type of drive unit requires only a small overall space and has a high force density.
In a favourable configuration the hydraulic steering cylinder is configured as a cylinder which has a piston rod which is effective as a stator and is guided through a cylindrical tube and a cylindrical tube, acting as a linearly movable actuator and connected to the traction mechanism, and the centre line of which is arranged in a plane defined by the two axes of rotation of the pivot plates. The hydraulic cylinder is therefore housed spatially inside the outer gearing and is therefore space-saving.
If the piston rod is fastened at the ends to carrying parts of the pivot plates, no separate fastening of the steering drive to the vehicle frame is required. Instead, the steering drive together with the two pivot plates, to a certain extent forms an independent constructional unit (steering axle), which may optionally be connected to the vehicle as a pre-assembled whole.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the traction mechanism is configured as a flat belt, in particular as a flat belt in operative connection and moving in conformity with the rotors and the linearly movable actuator.
In order to prevent slippage, the flat belt can be designed as a toothed belt or be secured against slipping in another suitable manner.
The invention is particularly suitable for a construction in which the pivot plates are each arranged at the lower end of a hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the pivot plates are movable with respect to height, so the ground clearance of the working machine according to the invention can be changed.
If the two hydraulic cylinders have pressure chambers which can be connected to one another in the context of a wheel load-compensating movement coupling, the effect of a full floating axle can be achieved.
For optimal connection of the steering drive to the two pivot plates, it is advantageous if the hydraulic cylinders each have a downwardly extendable, rotatable piston, to which the pivot plate is fastened and which has a central recess into which a torque-transmitting, axially stationary rotor rod projects from above, which, at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder, is guided out of the cylindrical tube and is in torsionally stiff connection with the associated rotor of the outer gearing. An annular chamber arranged between the rotor rod and the cylindrical tube can be provided as a pressure chamber which can be loaded with hydraulic fluid.
The piston accordingly acts as a piston which can be telescopically extended downwardly, the cylindrical tube and the rotor rod projecting upwardly being stationary. The steering drive therefore remains unimpaired by the vertical movements of the pivot plates. The overall height of the steering axle does not change when there is a vertical movement of the pivot plates.
With regard to the fastening of the piston rod of the steering cylinder, mentioned above, to carrying parts of the pivot plates, it is favourable with regard to a simple mode of construction, if the ends of the piston rod of the steering cylinder are each provided with a bearing hole, in which the upper end of the rotor rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be rotated. The piston rod of the steering cylinder is therefore attached to the pivot plates with the aid of the rotor rods of the hydraulic cylinders.
The hydraulic cylinders can be integrated in a space-saving manner into a counterweight of the working machine configured as a fork lift truck.
Further advantages and details will be shown in more detail with the aid of the embodiment shown in the schematic figures, in which Figure 1 shows a cross-section through a steering axle of a working machine according to the invention; and Figure 2 shows a plan view of the steering axle according to Figure 1.
The steering axle of the working machine according to the invention has two pivot plates DS1 and DS2 laterally spaced apart from one another, which can each be rotated about the vertical axis VA1 or VA2 and are fastened in the present embodiment at the lower end of a piston K1 or K2 of a hydraulic cylinder Z1 or Z2. It is also equally possible for the pivot plates DS1 and DS2 to be arranged at the ends of a mechanical full floating axle, which
is known per se from the prior art.
A wheel R1 or R2 is mounted so as to rotate on each pivot plate DS1, DS2. It is also conceivable for two wheels (tandem wheels) to be arranged in each case on each pivot plate DS1, DS2.
A recess A1 or A2 is incorporated in each case into the pistons K1 and K2 which can be rotated together with the pivot plates DS1, DS2 about the vertical axes VAT, VA2. A rotor rod RS1 or RS2 is guided out of the cylindrical tube ZR1 or ZR2 of the hydraulic cylinders Z1 or Z2, and dips from above into said recess. Formed in the axial region of the rotor rod RS1 or RS2 located outside the piston K1 or K2 is an annular chamber which is filled with hydraulic fluid and serves as a pressure chamber D1 or D2. By increasing the quantity of fluid in the pressure chamber D1 or D2 which can be connected to a source of pressure means, in a manner not shown in the figures, it is possible to extend the pistons K1 or K2 out of the cylinder Z1 or Z2. The pressure chambers D1 and D2 may also be connected to a hydropneumatic store, so a resilience can be achieved.
In the present embodiment, the two pressure chambers D1 and D2 are connected to one another by a hydraulic line L, in which a valve V, which can be controlled with respect to the through-flow cross-section, is arranged.
In an unimpeded connection of the two pressure chambers D1 and D2, a wheel load compensation is brought about, so to a certain extent, a "hydraulic full floating axle" is produced. In certain operating states. it is possible to damp the compensation movement or to completely prevent it with the aid of the valve V. As emerges from viewing Figures 1 and 2 together. fastened in a torsionally stiff manner to the end of each rotor rod RS1 or RS2 guided out of the hydraulic cylinder Z1 or Z2 is a respective rotor Rol or Ro2, which is designed as a cam plate. A traction mechanism Z preferably designed as a flat belt and configured as an endless traction mechanism. engages with the two rotors Rol and Ro2.
The traction mechanism Z and the two rotors Rol and Ro2 are components of an outer gearing which is in operative connection on the input side with a hydraulic steering cylinder LZ. the centre line M of which is arranged in a common plane defined by the two axes VA1 and VA2 of rotation of the pivot plates DS1 and DS2.
The steering cylinder L has a cylindrical tube which acts as a linearly movable actuator Ak which is connected to the traction means Z. A piston rod KS guided through the cylindrical tube A acts as a stator and is fastened at the ends to carrying parts of the pivot plates DS1 or DS2. The rotor rods RS1 and RS2, which are slightly lengthened axially via the rotors Rol and Ro2 and can be rotated in bearing holes LB1 or LB2 of the piston rod KS serve as carrying parts.
As the piston rod KS of the steering cylinder LZ is stationary. the cylindrical tube (actuator Ak) thereof moves on the piston rod KS along the centre line M when the steering cylinder LZ is subjected to pressure and in the process entrains the traction mechanism Z. As a result, the rotors Rol and Ro2 and therefore the rotor rods RS1 and RS2 as well as the pistons K1 and K2 and also the two pivot plates DS1 and DS2 are rotated about the vertical axis VA1 or VA2.
A steering angle difference can be achieved here by the configuration of the rotors Rol and Ro2 as cam plates. In order to prevent the traction mechanism Z slipping, it may be configured as a toothed belt or be coupled in another suitable manner so as to move in conformity with the rotors Rol, Ro2.
If the working machine is designed as a fork lift truck, the steering axle of the working machine according to the invention shown in the figures can be integrated into the counterweight thereof.

Claims (12)

  1. Claims 1. A working machine, in particular an industrial truck, comprising
    a steering axle having two pivot plates laterally spaced apart from one another, on each of which at least one wheel is mounted, and comprising a steering drive configured as a linear drive common to the two pivot plates, is characterised in that the pivot plates (DS1, DS2) are in operative connection by means of a traction mechanism (Z) with a linearly movable actuator (Ak) of the steering drive (steering cylinder LZ).
  2. 2. A working machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the traction mechanism (Z) is configured as an endless traction mechanism of an outer gearing, which has two rotors (Rol, Ro2) engaging with the traction mechanism (Z), the rotors each being coupled to one of the pivot plates (DS1 or DS2).
  3. 3. A working machine according to claim 2, characterised in that the rotors (Rol, Ro2) engaging with the traction mechanism (Z) are each configured as a cam plate, by means of which steering angles of the pivot plates (DS1, DS2) which differ from one another can be achieved when the pivot plates (DS1, DS2) are pivoted out of the straight ahead driving position.
  4. 4. A working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the steering drive is configured as a hydraulic steering cylinder (LZ).
  5. 5. A working machine according to claim 4, characterised in that the hydraulic steering cylinder (LZ) is configured as a cylinder which has a piston rod (KS) acting as a stator and guided through a cylindrical tube and a cylindrical tube acting as a linearly movable actuator (Ak) and connected to the traction mechanism (Z) and the centre line (M) thereof is arranged in a plane defined by the two axes (VAT, VA2) of rotation of the pivot plates (DS1, DS2).
  6. 6. A working machine according to claim 5, characterised in that the piston rod (KS) is fastened at the ends to carrying parts of the pivot plates (DS1, DS2).
  7. 7. A working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the traction mechanism (Z) is configured as a flat belt in particular as a flat belt, being in operative connection and moving in conformity with the rotors (Rot, Ro2) and the linearly movable actuator (Ak).
  8. 8. A working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the pivot plates (DS1, DS2) are each arranged at the lower end of a hydraulic cylinder (Z1 or Z2).
  9. 9. A working machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the two hydraulic cylinders (Z1, Z2) have pressure chambers (D1, D2) which can be connected to one another in the context of a wheel load-compensating movement coupling.
  10. 10. A working machine according to either of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (Z1, Z2) each have a downwardly extendable, rotatable piston (K1 or K2), on which the pivot plate (DS1 or DS2) is fastened and which has a central recess (A 1 or A2), into which a torque-transmitting, axially stationary rotor rod (RS1 or RS2) projects, which is guided out of the cylindrical tube (ZR1 or ZR2) at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (Z1 and Z2) and is in torsionally stiff connection with the associated rotor (Roll or Ro2) of the outer gearing, an annular chamber arranged between the rotor rod (RS1 or RS2) and the cylindrical tube (ZR1 or ZR2) being provided as a pressure chamber (D1 or D2) which can be loaded with hydraulic fluid.
  11. 1 1. A working machine according to claim 10, characterised in that the ends of the piston rod (KS) of the steering cylinder (LZ) are each provided with a bearing hole (LB1 or LB2), in which the upper end of the rotor rod (RS1 or RS2) of the hydraulic cylinder (Z1 or Z2) can be rotated.
  12. 12. A working machine according to any one of claims 8 to 1 1, characterised in that the hydraulic cylinders (Z1, Z2) are integrated into a counterweight of the working machine configured as a fork lift truck.
GB0500874A 2004-01-15 2005-01-17 Working machine comprising a steering axle with two pivot plates Expired - Fee Related GB2410013B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004002065 2004-01-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0500874D0 GB0500874D0 (en) 2005-02-23
GB2410013A true GB2410013A (en) 2005-07-20
GB2410013B GB2410013B (en) 2007-04-04

Family

ID=34223628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0500874A Expired - Fee Related GB2410013B (en) 2004-01-15 2005-01-17 Working machine comprising a steering axle with two pivot plates

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (2) DE102004038409A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2865180B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2410013B (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014113998A1 (en) 2014-09-26 2016-03-31 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Suspension device of a movably mounted vehicle axle of a mobile work machine
DE102020123524B4 (en) 2020-09-09 2022-06-23 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel module for a motor vehicle
DE102021213065B4 (en) 2021-11-22 2023-08-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steering axle for a steerable vehicle and industrial truck
DE102021213862B4 (en) 2021-12-07 2023-09-07 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steering axle for a steerable vehicle and industrial truck
DE102022208111A1 (en) 2022-08-04 2024-02-15 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steering device for an industrial truck, industrial truck and method for operating a steering device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB818255A (en) * 1956-07-20 1959-08-12 Pellizzetti Italo Improvements in or relating to the steering of vehicles
GB1158621A (en) * 1965-07-30 1969-07-16 Shaw & Sons Ltd Joshua Improvements relating to Steering Means for Lift Trucks
GB2041849A (en) * 1978-11-09 1980-09-17 Renault Power-assisted steering system
DE10254064A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-09 Michaelis Maschinenbau Gmbh Wheel assembly for lifting platform and other vehicles has wheel mounted laterally off set relative to rotatable steering shaft which supports axle

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2913063A (en) * 1954-09-20 1959-11-17 Raymond Corp Steering and driving mechanism for material handling trucks
DE1803417U (en) * 1959-10-07 1959-12-31 Friedrich Dr Ing Jungheinrich ASYMMETRIC STEERING DEVICE.
FR1586394A (en) * 1968-07-12 1970-02-20
FR2551014B1 (en) * 1983-08-29 1989-06-30 Braud Sa LIFTING AND STEERING DEVICE FOR A STEERING WHEEL OF A VEHICLE
DE19617442C1 (en) * 1996-05-02 1998-01-29 Wirtgen Gmbh Running gear for a machine for milling off road surfaces
DE19748474C1 (en) * 1997-11-03 1999-08-12 Horst Staiger & Soehne Gmbh Rear axle steering device
DE19905325A1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-10 Still & Saxby Sarl Industrial truck with two steerable drive wheels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB818255A (en) * 1956-07-20 1959-08-12 Pellizzetti Italo Improvements in or relating to the steering of vehicles
GB1158621A (en) * 1965-07-30 1969-07-16 Shaw & Sons Ltd Joshua Improvements relating to Steering Means for Lift Trucks
GB2041849A (en) * 1978-11-09 1980-09-17 Renault Power-assisted steering system
DE10254064A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-09 Michaelis Maschinenbau Gmbh Wheel assembly for lifting platform and other vehicles has wheel mounted laterally off set relative to rotatable steering shaft which supports axle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2410013B (en) 2007-04-04
DE102004038409A1 (en) 2005-08-11
GB0500874D0 (en) 2005-02-23
DE102004038411A1 (en) 2005-08-11
FR2865180A1 (en) 2005-07-22
FR2865180B1 (en) 2007-06-29

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110117