GB2406306A - Fire retardant textile laminate and method for making same. - Google Patents

Fire retardant textile laminate and method for making same. Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2406306A
GB2406306A GB0418757A GB0418757A GB2406306A GB 2406306 A GB2406306 A GB 2406306A GB 0418757 A GB0418757 A GB 0418757A GB 0418757 A GB0418757 A GB 0418757A GB 2406306 A GB2406306 A GB 2406306A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
chemicals
base material
backing
backing material
reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0418757A
Other versions
GB0418757D0 (en
Inventor
William Harold Humphries
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STERLING TEXTILES Ltd
Original Assignee
STERLING TEXTILES Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STERLING TEXTILES Ltd filed Critical STERLING TEXTILES Ltd
Publication of GB0418757D0 publication Critical patent/GB0418757D0/en
Publication of GB2406306A publication Critical patent/GB2406306A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/47—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table; Vanadates; Niobates; Tantalates; Arsenates; Antimonates; Bismuthates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2479/00—Furniture

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A textile material is made by laminating a base fabric 12 to a backing material 30, which is typically a thermal-bonded polyester. The material is produced by coating fabric 12 with a chemical composition (including fire retardant chemicals therein) dispensed from reservoir 24, heating the composition, leading backing material 30 over the coated fabric and force cooling the resulting laminate. Optionally the laminate can be lightly calendered to assist in bonding. The chemical composition is typically a liquid and may comprise a pressure sensitive acrylic emulsion and a brominated hydrocarbon / antimony oxide fire retardant as well as eg. viscosity modifiers, anti-foaming agents and surfactants. The composition is either preheated in the reservoir before coating, or heated immediately after coating has taken place.

Description

. . . - - - 1 METHOD OF MAKING A TEXTILE MATERIAL,
AND TEXTILE MATERIAL MADE THEREBY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of making and/or treating a textile material, and to a textile material made and/or treated thereby. The invention relates in particular to a textile material for use in furniture or furnishings, and other similar applications such as textiles for automotive use, where fire resistant or fire retardant properties are required.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Fire safety regulations, such as those in the U.K., require furnishings such as curtains and items of upholstered furniture to meet fire safety standards which set the minimum required resistance to fire. Many furnishings and upholstered furniture items use textile materials which are ordinarily flammable, and so it is necessary to add fire resistant or fire retardant chemicals to the textile materials in order that they can meet the fire safety standards.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
It is therefore known to treat the upholstery or furnishing material with one or more chemicals which are fire retardant. One type of known fire retardant chemical is brominated hydrocarbon, another is antimony trioxide.
Combinations of these chemicals are also known to be used.
When adding the fire retardant chemical(s) to the material, it is necessary to include an adhesive or the like to bond the fire retardant chemical to the textile, and prevent the . . . . . . . . - 2 chemical being washed out of the material, either during manufacture of the finished furnishing or upholstered item, or subsequently when the item is being cleaned for example.
Two adhesives which are commonly-used for this purpose are latex and acrylic copolymer emulsion.
In examples when a textile is to be used for curtain material for example, the textile provides a base material and the desired chemical formulation is coated onto one side thereof. A backing material, typically a flock, can if desired be laid over the chemical formulation, so sandwiching the chemicals between the base material and the backing material. In other embodiments a backing material is not used and the finished material comprises the base material and the chemical coating.
The material is then heated, which activates the adhesive by driving off some of the solvent within the chemical formulation, and also allows the chemicals to migrate between the fibres of the base material (and the backing material if used). When the material has been cooled the adhesive sets to retain the fire retardant chemical, and also in the former embodiments to bond the backing material to the base textile material.
The heating machines typically used in such a method are "Stenter" machines having a set of heating bays through which the textile material is moved, the textile material being supported by pins engaging the peripheral edges of the (perhaps continuous) length of textile material.
A disadvantage of the known methods is that the application of a coating to the base material affects the properties of the base material in other ways. For example, the material will become stiffer and will not drape as well as an equivalent non-fire-retardant material. There is therefore a limitation upon the choice of materials which can be made fire retardant by the known method and which have the e e e e C * . .. a 3 - desired handling and breathability properties when subsequently used for furniture or for furnishings, for
example.
Also, because of the disadvantageous effect the chemicals have upon the textile materials, users of this method are restricted to materials such as flock for the backing material Flock is not an ideal backing material but is used because it enhances the feel (often called the "handle") and softness of the textile material.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of making and/or treating a textile material more fire resistant or retardant, and yet which avoids or reduces the above-stated problems with the known method. In particular, the method allows the use of other backing materials than flock and provides a material having superior feel and softness. The material is also able to satisfy the tests for fire resistance.
According to the invention, there is provided a method of making a textile material including the following steps: {i} obtaining a first textile material as a base material which is to be made more fire resistant or retardant, {ii} preparing a reservoir of chemicals to be applied to the base material, {iii} obtaining a second material as a backing material to be adhered to the base material, {iv} applying chemicals from the reservoir onto the base material {v} heating the chemicals, and {vi} after heating of the chemicals placing the backing material over the base material with the chemicals therebetween.
In one embodiment the chemicals are heated after application to the base material, so that the chemicals and base material are heated together; in another embodiment the . ...e : :: .. :. A: :: :: ë e 4 - chemicals are heated prior to application to the base material.
In both cases, however, the backing material is applied after the chemical has been heated, so that the backing material is heated (if at all) only by conduction from the chemical and/or the base material, and not by other means.
The invention therefore includes the step of heating the chemical formulation before applying the backing material, whereas in the prior art arrangements the base material, backing material and chemical formulation are all heated after being placed together.
It has been found that the use of the method according to the invention allows other textiles than flock to be used as the backing material. Preferably, the backing material is polyester, ideally thermal bond polyester. Such a backing material is relatively cheap and light enabling the production of a relatively cheap and light furnishing material. Despite its lightness, however, the furnishing material is still able to fold and drape as required, and can withstand the heavy wash test often used as part of a fire resistance assessment.
Thus, it has also been found that the fire resistant or retardant chemicals can be more effectively retained in the furnishing material than with the prior art method, so that another advantage of the invention is the enhancement of the fire retardant properties.
Desirably, the method includes the step of cooling the base material, backing material and chemical formulation following the step {vi} identified above.
In those embodiments in which the chemicals are heated prior to application of the backing material, preferably the chemicals are heated within the reservoir. Ideally, the chemicals within the reservoir are not heated for too long @ e e e e e e e e e e e e e r eel ee e e see e e e e ee e - 5 - before being applied to the base material, so that some of the solvent for the adhesive remains and can allow the adhesive to migrate into the base material and the backing material.
Also in those embodiments, ideally the backing material is placed over the base material and the chemicals immediately after the chemicals have been applied to the base material.
The time for which the chemicals are heated (either within the reservoir or together with the base material), the temperature to which they are heated, and the delay before the backing material is placed over the base material and chemicals, will depend upon the actual chemical formulation used, and specifically how long the adhesive remains active at the temperature concerned. However, it will be understood that if the adhesive is able to adhere the backing material and the base material together then it will also be able to perform its other function of binding the chemicals to the fibres of those materials, so that it will be very easy to determine the range of conditions required for a particular chemical formulation.
Preferably, the method includes the step of joining the backing material onto the base material by pressure.
Because of the relative lightness of the backing materials for which this invention is suitable, such as thermal bond polyester, the backing material on its own may not provide adequate pressure to ensure good adherence upon the base material, and it may be necessary to apply pressure to ensure such adherence. It is, however, expected that only light pressure will be required, for example so as to ensure complete engagement between the backing layer and the base layer.
a, e r - 6 -
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig.1 shows a schematic representation of a first apparatus for performing the method according to the invention; and Fig.2 shows a schematic representation of a second apparatus for performing the method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
The first apparatus for performing the invention is shown in Fig.l, and comprises a feed roller 10 upon which is wound a base material 12, the base material being the textile material which is to be made more fire resistant or retardant.
The base material 12 is unwound from the feed roller 10 and is supported by rollers or guides (not shown) in known fashion to pass underneath reservoir 14. Reservoir 14 contains the chemical formulation which is to be added to the material to make it more fire retardant. As the chemicals are added to the base material the level in the reservoir 14 drops and the chemicals are replenished from feed pipe 16 which is connected to a source of the chemicals.
The chemicals will typically be premixed and provided in bulk by specialist suppliers of fire retardant chemicals.
The particular chemical formulation can be a known formulation, or can be determined for the particular application. One suitable chemical formulation is sold under the designation FR 4081/2 by Vita Liquid Polymers e e c e evec. e ë.
c ee c - 7 Limited, of Marling Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester, M22 4YZ and comprises a combination of: a) pressure sensitive acrylic copolymer emulsion b) brominated hydrocarbon fire retardant additive c) antimony trioxide d) silicone antifoaming agent e) non-ionic surfactants f) anionic surfactant, wetting agent g) polyacrylate thickener The reservoir 14 has an opening 20 at its bottom, which opening engages the surface of the base material 12 (the drawing shows a gap between the bottom of the reservoir and the base material for clarity, but it will be understood that there is no gap in practice). Accordingly, the chemicals engage and adhere to the base material 12 as it passes underneath the reservoir 14. The trailing edge 22 of the reservoir will carry a wiping blade or the like (not shown) which can be of known design and can be adjusted to determine the rate at which the chemicals are dispensed from the reservoir 14 onto the base material 12.
In this embodiment, the chemicals are heated within the reservoir 14 by heating elements 24, which serve to heat up the chemicals within the reservoir to a predetermined temperature. Other heating means can be used, for example external heaters which heat the walls of the reservoir and thus the chemicals as they engage the walls, or electromagnetic heating means such as microwave emitters, as desired.
If desired, the reservoir 14 can be airtight and completely filled with chemicals, so that the tendency for any solvent to be driven off from the chemicals whilst they remain in the reservoir is reduced or avoided.
Immediately downstream of the reservoir 14 the base material 12, to which the chemicals have been added, passes ee... ce.
e e e.. e 8 - underneath a guide roller 26 which carries the backing material 30 which is fed from its feed roller 32. It will be understood that the base material 12 can be supported as it passes underneath the guide roller 26, so that the guide roller 26 applies some downward pressure upon the base material 12 and ensures complete contact between the backing material 30 and the base material 12. Alternatively, a pair of nip rollers can be employed downstream of the guide roller 26 to apply the desired contact pressure. As above indicated, and despite the use of a pressure sensitive adhesive in certain embodiments, the pressure needing to be applied will be small, and in practice typically needs only ensure that the backing material 30 and the base material 12 engage each other across their full width.
It will be understood that as soon as the chemicals leave the reservoir 14 they start to cool. It is, however, arranged that the temperature of the chemicals within the reservoir 14, the speed of movement of the base material 12, and the proximity of the guide roller 26, are sufficient to ensure that the adhesive in the chemical formulation remains active until after the backing material 30 has been added, so that the fire retardant chemicals and the adhesive can migrate between the fibres of both the base material 12 and the backing material 30. As the adhesive sets it will act to retain the fire retardant chemicals in place within the material, and it will also hold the backing material 30 and base material 12 together.
The apparatus shown includes a cooling chamber 34 downstream of the guide roller 26, and which may be required if the temperature of the chemicals in the reservoir is particularly high. Thus, with some chemical formulations it IS necessary to cool the adhesive to a temperature close to room temperature to cause it to set and allow it to perform its dual functions set out above. In other embodiments, however, forced cooling may not be required and the material . e c e.ce e _ 9 _ can simply be allowed to cool to room temperature without assistance.
The detail of the cooling chamber 34 is not shown since that detail is not relevant to the present invention, and the design of such chambers will be well-understood by those skilled in this art.
Following the cooling chamber 34, the material 12,30 is wound onto another roller 36, where it is stored for subsequent use. Alternatively of course the material 12,30 may be cut to a desired length for immediate use.
Also in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention the only heat imparted to the base material 12 and to the backing material 30 is provided indirectly from the heated chemicals, and no heating is applied to the base material, chemicals or backing material after the backing material has been placed in contact with the base material and chemicals. Thus, the embodiments of the present invention are distinguished from the prior art by the absence of direct heating after the backing material has been placed in contact with the base material and chemicals The second apparatus for performing the invention is shown in Fig.2. Several parts of this apparatus are identical to, and perform an identical purpose as, the corresponding parts of the first apparatus of Fig.1, and so are given the same reference numerals. Fig.2 differs from Fig.1, however, in that the chemicals are not heated in the reservoir 40, but instead are applied to the base material 12 at ambient temperature, the base material and applied chemicals then being heated (together) in a heating chamber 42.
In this embodiment, the application of the chemical formulation to the base material 12 is by way of a roller 44 which collects the liquid chemical formulation from the body of the reservoir 40 and deposits it upon the base material e . e. c. . ..
12 in known fashion. A blade 46 is provided to ensure the correct rate of application. It will be understood that many different application devices are available for the chemical formulation, and could alternatively be used, for applying a controlled amount of chemical to the base material 12.
The heating chamber 42 is designed to heat the base material 12 and applied chemical up to the desired temperature to activate the adhesive within the chemical formulation. As stated above, the desired temperature will in practice be a range which varies according to the particular chemical formulation used, which range can readily be determined in practice. The heater 42 can be a "Stenter" machine if desired, or any other suitable means of heating up the chemicals to the desired temperature.
When the base material and applied chemicals leave the heating chamber 42 they encounter a roller 26 around which passes the backing material 30 which is wound from supply roller 32. It is arranged that the backing material is applied soon after the base material 12 leaves the heating chamber 42 so that the chemical remains active and the backing material 30 is effectively adhered to the base material 12.
The embodiment of Fig.2 also includes an (optional) cooling chamber 34 downstream of the roller 26, as in the first embodiment of Fig.1.

Claims (10)

e e .e CLAIMS
1. A method of making a textile material including the following steps: {i} obtaining a first textile material as a base material which is to be made more fire resistant and/or fire retardant, {ii} preparing a reservoir of chemicals to be applied to the base material, the reservoir of chemicals including an adhesive and a fire resistant and/or fire retardant chemical, {iii} obtaining a second material as a backing material to be adhered to the base material, {iv} applying chemicals from the reservoir onto the base material {v} heating the chemicals, and {vi} after heating of the chemicals placing the backing material over the base material with the chemicals therebetween.
2. The method according to Claim 1 in which the chemicals are heated after application to the base material.
3. The method according to Claim 1 in which the chemicals are heated prior to application to the base material.
4. The method according to Claim 3 in which the backing material is placed over the base material and the chemicals immediately after the chemicals have been applied to the base material.
5. The method according to any one of Claims 1-4 in which the backing material is polyester.
6. The method according to Claim 5 in which the backing material is thermal bond polyester.
7. The method according to any one of Claims 1-6 which includes the step of forced cooling of the base material, backing material and chemical formulation following the step {vi} identified above.
c a e c a c a a a e .e e - 12
8. The method according to any one of Claims 1-7 which includes the step of pressing the backing material onto the base material.
9. A textile material made according to the method of any one of claims 18.
10. A textile material comprising a base material and a backing material, the backing material being of polyester, the base material and backing material being joined together by way of an adhesive, the adhesive also acting to bind a fire resistant or fire retardant chemical to the textile material.
GB0418757A 2003-08-23 2004-08-23 Fire retardant textile laminate and method for making same. Withdrawn GB2406306A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0319891.8A GB0319891D0 (en) 2003-08-23 2003-08-23 Method of making a textile material, and textile material made thereby

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0418757D0 GB0418757D0 (en) 2004-09-22
GB2406306A true GB2406306A (en) 2005-03-30

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GBGB0319891.8A Ceased GB0319891D0 (en) 2003-08-23 2003-08-23 Method of making a textile material, and textile material made thereby
GB0418757A Withdrawn GB2406306A (en) 2003-08-23 2004-08-23 Fire retardant textile laminate and method for making same.

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GBGB0319891.8A Ceased GB0319891D0 (en) 2003-08-23 2003-08-23 Method of making a textile material, and textile material made thereby

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034939A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-05-15 St Regis Paper Co Laminating method and composition
US4737548A (en) * 1984-07-16 1988-04-12 Nippon Petrochemicals Adhesive resins and laminate articles
US5187005A (en) * 1991-04-24 1993-02-16 Amoco Corporation Self-bonded nonwoven web and woven fabric composites

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034939A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-05-15 St Regis Paper Co Laminating method and composition
US4737548A (en) * 1984-07-16 1988-04-12 Nippon Petrochemicals Adhesive resins and laminate articles
US5187005A (en) * 1991-04-24 1993-02-16 Amoco Corporation Self-bonded nonwoven web and woven fabric composites

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0319891D0 (en) 2003-09-24
GB0418757D0 (en) 2004-09-22

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