GB2399497A - A fire damper - Google Patents

A fire damper Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2399497A
GB2399497A GB0306094A GB0306094A GB2399497A GB 2399497 A GB2399497 A GB 2399497A GB 0306094 A GB0306094 A GB 0306094A GB 0306094 A GB0306094 A GB 0306094A GB 2399497 A GB2399497 A GB 2399497A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
sleeve
close
fire damper
damper according
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0306094A
Other versions
GB0306094D0 (en
Inventor
David Higgs
Timothy George Henson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RIVERMILL CONSTRUCTION
Original Assignee
RIVERMILL CONSTRUCTION
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RIVERMILL CONSTRUCTION filed Critical RIVERMILL CONSTRUCTION
Priority to GB0306094A priority Critical patent/GB2399497A/en
Publication of GB0306094D0 publication Critical patent/GB0306094D0/en
Publication of GB2399497A publication Critical patent/GB2399497A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/12—Hinged dampers

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire damper 1 for use with a pipe 13 comprising a sleeve 2 having a first end 2a and a second end 2b for receiving the pipe and one or more means 7 to co-operate with the first end of the sleeve to close the sleeve when the pipe becomes soft or melts due to the heat from a fire. The means to co-operate with the first end of the sleeve may be biassed towards the closed position by suitable means such as springs 12a; 12b.

Description

FIRE DAMPER
The present invention relates to fire dampers for use with pipes and pipe systems found in buildings.
Buildings have a number of individual pipes and systems of pipes that extend around all or some parts of their structure, for example, ventilation pipes, air conditioning and heating pipes and ducts, water and gas pipes and soil pipes, amongst others. These pipes and pipe systems often extend through one or more storeys of the building and some will vent to the open air. In the following description the words "pipe" or "pipes" will be used to mean both individual pipes and systems comprising a number of pipes.
The use of modern materials means that pipes are often made of plastics materials and in the event of a fire in the building or part thereof the pipes often soften and melt. The softening or melting of a pipe passing between storeys of a building or venting to the open air can lead to a hole being left between one storey and another. Fire regulations require that one or more particular areas of a building can be completely sealed off from the remainder of the building either to hold the fire in or out of one or more of the particular areas to allow occupants of the building the opportunity to escape from the building. There is therefore a need to be able to seal any hole left by a softening or melting pipe in the case of a fire to prevent the passage of fire from one area to another or the feeding of fire by provision of an air supply through the hole left by the softened or melted pipe.
Accordingly the present invention provides a fire damper for use with a pipe comprising a sleeve having a first end and a second end for receiving a pipe and one or more means to co-operate with the first end of the sleeve to close the sleeve in the event of a fire.
The fire damper of the present invention is advantageous as it is an external fitting to the pipe. The provision of an external fire damper allows easy inspection and servicing. The fire damper of the present invention is also easy to install in new buildings or when pipes are replaced.
The or each means to close the sleeve of the fire damper is provided with an open position in which the pipe can be received in the sleeve and a closed position in which the sleeve is closed by the or each means to close the sleeve. The or each means to close the sleeve is preferably secured to a portion, most preferably an external portion, of the sleeve or an extension of the sleeve. The means of securement preferably allows rotational or linear movement of the or each means to close the sleeve.
The provision of a fire damper arranged totally outside the pipe allows the fire damper of the present invention to be used with any pipe, including soil pipes and water pipes.
The sleeve is preferably elongate and may have any suitable crosssection, for example a circular or a square cross section.
The or each means to close the sleeve is preferably biased towards a position where the sleeve is closed, most preferably by one or more suitable strength springs, for example springs having a 3mm wire diameter and coiled to form a coil having a diameter of approximately lOmm. The spring is preferably made of a suitable metal such as steel.
The fire damper may be provided with one, two, three or more means to close the sleeve. Where more than one means to close the sleeve are provided each must be of a suitable size and shape to ensure that the means to close the sleeve co-operate such that the first end of the sleeve is completely closed in the event of a fire. For example where two means to close the sleeve are provided each means to close the sleeve preferably covers at least half of the opening at the first end of the sleeve when in the closed position. The two means to close the sleeve may overlap to some extent in the closed position to ensure complete closing of the sleeve.
The sleeve is preferably provided with one or more extensions, or fixing plates, releasably or permanently attached thereto to allow the fire damper to be fixed to a suitable portion of a building. The or each fixing plate is preferably provided with means, such as screw or bolt holes to allow it to be secured to a suitable portion of a building. The or each fixing plate may be secured at any suitable angle to the sleeve to allow appropriate fixing of the fire damper to the suitable portion of the building. The fixing plate is preferably at an angle of got to the longitudinal axis passing along the length of the sleeve.
The or each means to close the sleeve may be secured to the sleeve.
More preferably the or each means to close the sleeve is secured to one or more of the or each fixing plate.
In a preferred embodiment of the fire damper of the present invention a single fixing plate is provided, the fixing plate is permanently secured to the sleeve at an angle of 90o to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve. The fire damper is provided with one or more means to close the sleeve biased towards the closed position by one or more springs. For each means to close the sleeve provided, the fixing plate is provided with a set of two outwardly extending arms, each arm having a hole provided therethrough.
The two arms are spaced apart from each other by a first distance. The or each means to close the sleeve is provided with a further set of two outwardly extending arms, each having a hole provided therein. The arms of the or each means to close the sleeve are spaced apart by a second distance. The first distance may be slightly greater than the second distance to allow the set of arms extending from the or each means to close the sleeve to be received within the set of arms extending from the fixing plate. Alternatively the first distance may be slightly less than the second distance to allow the set of arms extending from the or each means to close the sleeve to receive the set of arms extending from the fixing plate.
A pin is provided to pass through the holes in the two sets of arms to secure the or each means to close the sleeve to the fixing plate. The one or more springs are preferably provided around the pin and act between the fixing plate and the or each means to close the sleeve.
In a most preferred embodiment the fire damper is provided with a single means to close the sleeve.
The first end of the sleeve may be provided with a sharp edge around the circumference of its open end. The or each means to close the sleeve may include a sealing means to co-operate with the first end of the sleeve.
The provision of a sealing means allows the passage of air or fire through the fire damper to be substantially completely prohibited.
The fire damper of the present invention is preferably made of a suitable metal such as steel.
The present invention further provides the use of a fire damper according to the present invention with a pipe in the prevention of spread of fire, wherein the pipe is received within the sleeve of the fire damper, the or each means to close the sleeve is held in an open position by receipt of the pipe in the sleeve, on softening of the pipe in the event of a fire the or each means to close the sleeve moves from the open position to close the sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment springs bias the or each means to close the sleeve towards the closed position. The springs are of a suitable strength to enable the or each means to close the sleeve to move through the softened pipe to close the sleeve.
The provision of a sharp edge around the circumference of the first end of the sleeve allows the softened pipe to be cut through to enable the or each means to close the sleeve to achieve that aim.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fire damper of the present invention in use with the means to close the sleeve in the open position; and Figure 2 is a perspective view of the fire damper of Figure 1 with the means to close the sleeve in the closed position.
Figures 1 and 2 show a fire damper 1 comprising an elongate sleeve 2 of circular cross-section having a first end 2a and a second end 2b. The sleeve 2 has a length of 28cm and a diameter of 14cm. The first end 2a is provided with a sharp edge 14 around its circumference. The sleeve 2 is sized to receive a pipe 13.
The sleeve 2 has a fixing plate 3 permanently secured thereto by means of welding and extending outwardly therefrom. The fixing plate 3 is secured at you to the length of the sleeve 2. The fixing plate 3 is square and is positioned a distance of 4cm from the sharp edge 14 of the first end 2a of the sleeve 2. The fixing plate 3 is provided with a screw hole 4 at each of its corners.
The fixing plate 3 has secured thereto two outwardly extending arms 5a, 5b, each provided with a hole 6 in the centre thereof.
The fire damper 1 is further provided with a means 7 to close the sleeve 2. The means 7 to close the sleeve 2 comprises a circular portion 7a sized to fit over the opening at the first end 2a of the sleeve 2 and an extended arm portion 7b integral with the circular portion 7a. The extended arm portion 7b is provided with two outwardly extending arms 9a, 9b, having holes 10 therethrough. The arms 9a, 9b extending from the extended arm portion 7b of the means to close the sleeve are spaced apart to fit within the arms 5a, 5b of the fixing plate 3.
A pin 11 is provided to rotationally secure the means 7 to close the sleeve 2 to the fixing plate 3. Two springs 12a, 12b are provided around the pin 11 and act between the fixing plate 3 and the means 7 to close the sleeve to bias the means 7 to close the sleeve against the edge 14 of the open portion of the first end of the sleeve 2.
In use the fire damper 1 is positioned with the sleeve 2 passing through or contained within a hole through which a pipe is to be passed, for example, the hole may extend from the floor of one storey of a building down through the ceiling of the storey below. The fixing plate 3 rests on the floor of the upper storey and the fire damper 1 is secured in position by screws being passed through holes 4 in the fixing plate 3 into the flooring material.
The pipe 13 is pushed upwards through the sleeve 2 forcing the means 7 to close the sleeve 2 into the open position shown in Figure 1. The means 7 to close the sleeve is held in the open position by the presence of the pipe 13.
In the event of a fire the pipe 13 will soften at a temperature of about 1500C and the softening of the pipe means that the action of the springs 12a, 12b begins to move the means 7 to close the sleeve into the closed position as the resistance from the pipe decreases as it softens. The result is that the sleeve is sealed off as the pipe 13 softens and melts and can therefore be pushed out of the way by the action of the springs 12a, 12b forcing the means to close the sleeve through the softening pipe. The provision of a sharp edge around the first end 2a of the sleeve 2 allows the material of the pipe 13 to be cut through as the means 7 to close the sleeve closes allowing a clean close to be achieved.

Claims (22)

eeeeeaeÀeÀ CLAIMS
1. A fire damper for use with a pipe comprising a sleeve having a first end and a second end for receiving a pipe and one or more means to cooperate with the first end of the sleeve to close the sleeve in the event of a fire.
2. A fire damper according to Claim 1 wherein the or each means to close the sleeve of the fire damper is provided with an open position in which the pipe can be received in the sleeve and a closed position in which the sleeve is closed by the or each means to close the sleeve.
3. The fire damper according to Claim 2 wherein the means of securement allows rotational or linear movement of the or each means to close the sleeve.
4. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the sleeve is elongate and has any suitable cross-section.
5. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is biased towards a position where the sleeve is closed.
6. The fire damper according to Claim 5 wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is biased towards a position where the sleeve is closed by suitable strength springs.
7. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the fire damper is provided with one, two, three or more means to close the sleeve and each is of a suitable size and shape to ensure that À: ;: À c. ::.
À À c À À :. e. : .e: the means to close the sleeve co-operate such that the first end of the sleeve is completely closed in the event of a fire.
8. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the sleeve is provided with one or more fixing plates releasably or permanently attached thereto to allow the fire damper to be fixed to a suitable portion of a building.
9. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is secured to a portion of the sleeve or an extension of the sleeve.
10. The fire damper according to Claim 9 wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is secured to an external portion of the sleeve.
11. The fire damper according to Claim 8 wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is secured to one or more of the or each fixing plate.
12. The fire damper according to Claim 11 wherein a single fixing plate is provided permanently secured to the sleeve at an angle of 90 to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.
13. The fire damper according to Claim 12 wherein there is provided one or more means to close the sleeve biased towards the closed position by one or more springs.
14. The fire damper of Claim 13 wherein for each means to close the sleeve provided, the fixing plate is provided with a set of two outwardly extending arms, each arm having a hole provided t-. : And: e: : ' : therethrough and wherein the two arms are spaced apart from each other by a first distance.
15. The fire damper of Claim 14 wherein the or each means to close the sleeve is provided with a further set of two outwardly extending arms, each having a hole provided therein and wherein the arms of the or each means to close the sleeve are spaced apart by a second distance.
16. The fire damper according to Claim 14 or Claim 15 wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance to allow the set of arms extending from the or each means to close the sleeve to be received within the set of arms extending from the fixing plate.
17. The fire damper according to Claim 14 or Claim 15 wherein the first distance is less than the second distance to allow the set of arms extending from the or each means to close the sleeve to receive the set of arms extending from the fixing plate.
18. The fire damper according to any of Claims 15 to 17 wherein a pin is provided to pass through the holes in the two sets of arms to secure the or each means to close the sleeve to the fixing plate.
19. The fire damper according to Claim 18 wherein the one or more springs are provided around the pin and act between the fixing plate and the or each means to close the sleeve.
20. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the first end of the sleeve is provided with a sharp edge around the circumference of its open end. r r
c r À
21. The fire damper according to any preceding claim wherein the or each means to close the sleeve includes a sealing means to co- operate with the first end of the sleeve.
22. The use of a fire damper according to any of Claims 1 to 21 with a pipe in the prevention of spread of fire, wherein the pipe is received within the sleeve of the fire damper, the or each means to close the sleeve is held in an open position by receipt of the pipe in the sleeve, on softening of the pipe in the event of a fire the or each means to close the sleeve moves from the open position to close the sleeve.
GB0306094A 2003-03-18 2003-03-18 A fire damper Withdrawn GB2399497A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0306094A GB2399497A (en) 2003-03-18 2003-03-18 A fire damper

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0306094A GB2399497A (en) 2003-03-18 2003-03-18 A fire damper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0306094D0 GB0306094D0 (en) 2003-04-23
GB2399497A true GB2399497A (en) 2004-09-22

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ID=9954935

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GB0306094A Withdrawn GB2399497A (en) 2003-03-18 2003-03-18 A fire damper

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1779901A2 (en) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 Ciat Sp. z o. o. Fire damper
GB2578173A (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-22 Intumescent Systems Ltd Pipe seal
GB2579379A (en) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-24 Intumescent Systems Ltd Pipe seal
WO2020167127A1 (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 J. Van Walraven Holding B.V. Firestop device including an expandable fold-out collar

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3678634A (en) * 1970-08-04 1972-07-25 Sloane Mfg Co R & G Fire isolation and insulating apparatus
US3726050A (en) * 1970-12-11 1973-04-10 Sloane Mfg Co R & G Fire prevention device
US4449589A (en) * 1981-10-16 1984-05-22 Mccoy John T Fire containment device and method
GB2150254A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-06-26 Dixon International Ltd Device for closing at elevated temperature a plastic pipe and/or an aperture in a partition through which aperture the pipe passes
US4788800A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-12-06 Monsanto Canada Inc. Fire stop device
US5253455A (en) * 1990-06-08 1993-10-19 Cross Jeffery M Fire damper

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3678634A (en) * 1970-08-04 1972-07-25 Sloane Mfg Co R & G Fire isolation and insulating apparatus
US3726050A (en) * 1970-12-11 1973-04-10 Sloane Mfg Co R & G Fire prevention device
US4449589A (en) * 1981-10-16 1984-05-22 Mccoy John T Fire containment device and method
GB2150254A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-06-26 Dixon International Ltd Device for closing at elevated temperature a plastic pipe and/or an aperture in a partition through which aperture the pipe passes
US4788800A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-12-06 Monsanto Canada Inc. Fire stop device
US5253455A (en) * 1990-06-08 1993-10-19 Cross Jeffery M Fire damper

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1779901A2 (en) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 Ciat Sp. z o. o. Fire damper
GB2578173A (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-22 Intumescent Systems Ltd Pipe seal
GB2578173B (en) * 2018-10-16 2021-03-24 Intumescent Systems Ltd Apparatus for preventing or inhibiting the passage of smoke and/or flames
GB2579379A (en) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-24 Intumescent Systems Ltd Pipe seal
WO2020167127A1 (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 J. Van Walraven Holding B.V. Firestop device including an expandable fold-out collar
NL2022587B1 (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-28 Walraven Holding Bv J Van Firestop device including an expandable fold-out collar
US11992714B2 (en) 2019-02-15 2024-05-28 J. Van Walraven Holding B.V. Firestop device including an expandable fold-out collar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0306094D0 (en) 2003-04-23

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