GB2382381A - Improvements in wind turbines - Google Patents

Improvements in wind turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2382381A
GB2382381A GB0127897A GB0127897A GB2382381A GB 2382381 A GB2382381 A GB 2382381A GB 0127897 A GB0127897 A GB 0127897A GB 0127897 A GB0127897 A GB 0127897A GB 2382381 A GB2382381 A GB 2382381A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
support wheel
turbine
rotor
rotate
wind
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0127897A
Other versions
GB0127897D0 (en
Inventor
John Freer Green
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB0127897A priority Critical patent/GB2382381A/en
Publication of GB0127897D0 publication Critical patent/GB0127897D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB2002/005125 priority patent/WO2003046376A1/en
Priority to AU2002343017A priority patent/AU2002343017A1/en
Publication of GB2382381A publication Critical patent/GB2382381A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/02Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F03D1/025Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors coaxially arranged
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/913Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a mast
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A wind turbine comprising more than one set of bladed rotors mounted concentrically, the outer rotor rotating at a slower speed than the inner rotor(s). The outer set of rotor blades may rotate on bearings supported on a wheel comprising a ring girder suspended by cables attaching it to a central cylinder. The support wheel may rotate on a vertical axis to allow the rotor blades to face the wind, and may be mounted on a fixed tower stayed to the ground by cables and anchor points that also rotate with the support wheel. The turbine may also be mounted on a floating raft at sea or on a lake. Electrical power may be extracted by stator windings on the support wheel using magnetic fields rotating with the blades.

Description

<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Improvements in wind Turbines The invention relates to a method of increasing the output of wind turbines by employing multiple concentric rotors The output of single rotor wind turbines is limited by the fact that there is an optimum velocity at which an element of the rotor blade, of given chord, should move transversely to the wind for maximum torque. When moving below optimum speed the aerodynamic force on the element has a component in the direction which accelerates the element. As the speed increases the magnitude of the force increases, but the direction changes so that the component in the direction of rotation falls, Thus at speeds above the optimum the force will become smaller and eventually become a retarding force. In a single rotor the velocity of an element transverse to the wind is the product of the angular velocity and the radius of the element. Thus only at one radius is the aerodynamic force optimum. Outboard of this radius the blade is moving too fast, inboard too slow. In optimising the blade design the chord will vary with radius. Similar amounts of power can be extracted from a narrow blade moving fast (low solidity) or a broader blade moving more slowly (higher solidity).
Structural and cost considerations favour low solidity designs for electricity generation.
As the length of the blade is increased to collect energy from a larger disc the angular velocity must be reduced to prevent the tip torque becoming negative. The energy collection from the central parts of the disc would therefore become less, and the optimum chord in the centre will increase.
By dividing the rotor disc into a number of annular rings, and allowing the inner rings to rotate at a higher angular velocity than the outer, each ring can be optimised separately, thus leading to greater output from a given disc area.
There is also the possibility of increasing the swept area of the disc by using several rings of blades of similar length to those currently in use, As an example of this invention a 3-rotor wind turbine designed to give an output of 25MW is described on page 2 and in figures 1 to 7 Figure 1 shows the rotors Figure 2 shows the support wheel in front and side view Figure 3 shows the lattice ring girder in more detail.
Figure 4 shows the tower with part of the wheel and the anchor carriage Figure 5 is a front view of the complete wind turbine Figure 6 is a plan view of the complete wind turbine Figure 7 is a side view of the complete wind turbine
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
25 Megawatt wind turbine
Rotors See Figure 1 The inner rotor (1) has three blades each 35 metres long and it rotates at 16 rpm. This is the same as is used in current wind turbine designs and will give an output of 1 5 MW Outboard of this the second rotor (2) has nine blades, each 45 metres long rotating at 7rpm and giving an output of 6 6MW These blades are mounted on a ring of 35 metres radius so that the inside of this rotor has the same radius as the tips of the inner rotor. The third annular rotor (3) has 21 blades 60 metres long mounted on a ring or radius 80 metres. It rotates at 4rpm and produces 17MW Each blade is mounted on a wheeled bogie that runs on rails on the outside of the ring girder Support wheel See Figures 2 & 3 The rotors are supported on a wheel (4) made up of a ring lattice girder (4a) which is connected to a central horizontal cylinder (4b) by a number of steel cables (4c). The horizontal cylinder is rigidly attached to a yaw bearing (4d) so that the whole structure can be turned into the wind. The outer rotor revolves on rails on the periphery of the ring lattice girder (4a) whilst the middle rotor revolves on a similar, but smaller, ring girder (4e) that is secured to the cables (4c) on the upwind side. The bearing for the inner rotor is on the upwind end of the cylinder (4c).
Tower See Figure 4 The support wheel assembly is mounted on a slim tower 150 metres high (5). If land based, the tower may be stayed by steel cables in order to carry the wind loads down to ground.
As the rotors and their supports must rotate about a vertical axis to face the wind the stay cables will also have to rotate so the ground end of the cables will be anchored to a carriage (6) that moves on a circular track with the rotor support as it yaws into the wind..
If based offshore in shallow water the tower can be mounted on the sea bed and the stay cables can be secured to a heavy floating raft that can revolve around the tower so that the rotors face the wind.
In deeper water the whole assembly can be mounted on a raft so that it can turn to face the wind Power extraction The power from the inner rotor is extracted via a gearbox and alternator as in current wind turbine designs. For the middle and outer rotors there are several possibilities Since there is relative movement between the inner ring of the rotor and the support wheel, a ring of multipol magnets on the rotor will induce alternating voltages in conductors mounted on the support wheel, the stator For an 80 metre radius rotor at 4rpm, 750 poles at a pitch of 67cm are required to give 50 hertz. This would be the simplest system as no gearbox is required, but the stator windings are spread out and access is difficult.
If the rotor ring carries a toothed rack then a pinion in a cabin at he lowest point of the support ring girder can engage the rack and drive an alternator in the cabin, Alternatively the alternator could be driven by a chain and sprocket, rather than a rack and pinion

Claims (6)

  1. Claims 1 A Wind Turbine comprising more than on set of blades mounted concentrically, with the outer set rotating more slowly than those in the centre.
  2. 2 A turbine as claimed in Claim 1 where the outer sets of rotor blades rotate on bearings supported on a wheel comprising a ring girder and cables attaching it to central cylinder.
  3. 3 A turbine as claimed in Claim 1 where the support wheel can turn on a vertical axis so that the rotor blades face into the wind.
  4. 4 A Turbine as claimed in Claims 1 to 3 where the support wheel is mounted on a fixed tower which is stayed by cables attached at the ground end to anchor carriages that rotate with the support wheel.
  5. 5 A Turbine as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 where the support wheel is mounted on a raft floating at sea or in a lake.
  6. 6 A turbine as claimed in Claim 1 where the electrical power is extracted from stator windings on the support wheel in which alternating voltages are induced by multipol magnetic fields rotating with the blades.
GB0127897A 2001-11-21 2001-11-21 Improvements in wind turbines Withdrawn GB2382381A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0127897A GB2382381A (en) 2001-11-21 2001-11-21 Improvements in wind turbines
PCT/GB2002/005125 WO2003046376A1 (en) 2001-11-21 2002-11-14 Multivane windwheel with concentric wheels
AU2002343017A AU2002343017A1 (en) 2001-11-21 2002-11-14 Multivane windwheel with concentric wheels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0127897A GB2382381A (en) 2001-11-21 2001-11-21 Improvements in wind turbines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0127897D0 GB0127897D0 (en) 2002-01-16
GB2382381A true GB2382381A (en) 2003-05-28

Family

ID=9926177

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0127897A Withdrawn GB2382381A (en) 2001-11-21 2001-11-21 Improvements in wind turbines

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002343017A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2382381A (en)
WO (1) WO2003046376A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007057021A1 (en) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-24 L.M. Glasfiber S/A A wind power plant with extra set of blades
CN100419256C (en) * 2003-07-09 2008-09-17 费利克斯·桑切斯·桑切斯 Circular cellular rotor
WO2010002359A1 (en) * 2008-07-01 2010-01-07 Gusak Stanislav Ivanovich Plant for converting medium flow energy
WO2013164691A2 (en) * 2012-04-29 2013-11-07 LGT Advanced Technology Limited Wind energy system and method for using same
US20130315732A1 (en) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Richard K. Sutz Horizontal axis wind machine with multiple rotors
GB2508814A (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-18 Hugh Malcolm Ian Bell Concentric turbine arrangement
EP2422085A4 (en) * 2009-04-20 2015-06-24 Gerald L Barber Floating wind turbine with turbine anchor

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8174142B2 (en) * 2009-04-20 2012-05-08 Barber Gerald L Wind turbine with paired generators
US8258645B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2012-09-04 Barber Gerald L Wind turbine with sail extensions
US8109727B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2012-02-07 Barber Gerald L Wind turbine
US8373298B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2013-02-12 Gerald L. Barber Electrical generator for wind turbine
US8134251B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2012-03-13 Barber Gerald L Wind turbine
CN101603509B (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-08-31 戚永维 Reinforced type wind-driven generator
CN103511176A (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-15 陈润 Looseleaf lever boosting wind energy machine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511948A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-05-24 Kling A Wind driven power plants
US4236866A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-12-02 Valentin Zapata Martinez System for the obtainment and the regulation of energy starting from air, sea and river currents
FR2541732A1 (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-08-31 Rignault Jean Compound anemodynamic motor with its applications to propulsion
FR2811720A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Air or water driven turbine having twin concentric counter rotating rotors for electricity generation or water pumping, counter rotation is achieved by use of conic pinions

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR542172A (en) * 1921-10-11 1922-08-07 Improvements made to motor devices operating under the action of the wind
DE743672C (en) * 1940-03-12 1943-12-30 Arno Fischer Power generators, in particular with wind drives and with indoor and outdoor runners
FR2286952A1 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-04-30 Thellier Jean Pierre Windmill with multiple co-axial rotors - extracts energy from wind over whole of cross section of flow
DE2703804A1 (en) * 1977-01-29 1978-08-03 Rudolf Eckert Wind-operated electricity generator - has blade spokes encircled by rim with armature ring and rails for pole coils
DE2909781A1 (en) * 1979-03-13 1980-09-25 Karlheinz Ohlberg Wind driven power generating turbine - has independent concentric rotors driving common generator to give higher efficiency
AT382688B (en) * 1985-01-17 1987-03-25 Thaller Heinrich Ing Mounting for a high-power wind converter or wind generator for the generation of electrical current
DE19851735A1 (en) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-11 Friedrich Hensberg Wind driven floating power generating unit comprises rotor blades which are strengthened by tensioning cables with streamlined cross sections

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511948A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-05-24 Kling A Wind driven power plants
US4236866A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-12-02 Valentin Zapata Martinez System for the obtainment and the regulation of energy starting from air, sea and river currents
FR2541732A1 (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-08-31 Rignault Jean Compound anemodynamic motor with its applications to propulsion
FR2811720A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Air or water driven turbine having twin concentric counter rotating rotors for electricity generation or water pumping, counter rotation is achieved by use of conic pinions

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100419256C (en) * 2003-07-09 2008-09-17 费利克斯·桑切斯·桑切斯 Circular cellular rotor
WO2007057021A1 (en) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-24 L.M. Glasfiber S/A A wind power plant with extra set of blades
WO2010002359A1 (en) * 2008-07-01 2010-01-07 Gusak Stanislav Ivanovich Plant for converting medium flow energy
EP2422085A4 (en) * 2009-04-20 2015-06-24 Gerald L Barber Floating wind turbine with turbine anchor
EP3211225A1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2017-08-30 Gerald L. Barber Floating wind turbine with turbine anchor
WO2013164691A2 (en) * 2012-04-29 2013-11-07 LGT Advanced Technology Limited Wind energy system and method for using same
WO2013164691A3 (en) * 2012-04-29 2014-01-16 LGT Advanced Technology Limited Wind energy system and method for using same
CN104350276A (en) * 2012-04-29 2015-02-11 Lgt先进科技有限公司 Wind energy system and method for using same
US20130315732A1 (en) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Richard K. Sutz Horizontal axis wind machine with multiple rotors
US10030628B2 (en) * 2012-05-24 2018-07-24 Thunderbird Power Corp Horizontal axis wind machine with multiple rotors
GB2508814A (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-18 Hugh Malcolm Ian Bell Concentric turbine arrangement
GB2508814B (en) * 2012-12-05 2020-11-11 Malcolm Ian Bell Hugh Modular high efficiency renewable energy turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002343017A1 (en) 2003-06-10
GB0127897D0 (en) 2002-01-16
WO2003046376A1 (en) 2003-06-05

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Legal Events

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)