GB2380866A - Vehicle drive unit comprising electric motor with differential gear within rotor - Google Patents

Vehicle drive unit comprising electric motor with differential gear within rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2380866A
GB2380866A GB0215363A GB0215363A GB2380866A GB 2380866 A GB2380866 A GB 2380866A GB 0215363 A GB0215363 A GB 0215363A GB 0215363 A GB0215363 A GB 0215363A GB 2380866 A GB2380866 A GB 2380866A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
vehicle
power generation
generation means
rotor
propelling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0215363A
Other versions
GB0215363D0 (en
Inventor
Peter Hanscombe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Totton Pumps Ltd
Original Assignee
Electric Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0116330.2A external-priority patent/GB0116330D0/en
Application filed by Electric Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Electric Motor Co Ltd
Publication of GB0215363D0 publication Critical patent/GB0215363D0/en
Publication of GB2380866A publication Critical patent/GB2380866A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F16H2048/082—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears characterised by the arrangement of output shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F16H2048/087—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears characterised by the pinion gears, e.g. their type or arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/385—Constructional details of the ring or crown gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases
    • F16H2048/405—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases characterised by features of the bearing of the rotating case

Abstract

A vehicle drive unit 1 comprises an electric machine 2, which is preferably a brushless DC motor, having an outer housing 5, a stator 6, and a rotor 8 disposed radially inward of the stator 6 and spaced therefrom by an air gap 9. A rotatable housing 10 of a differential gear assembly 4 is formed integrally and co-axially with the rotor 8. The rotor 8 / differential housing 10 is rotatably supported by the outer housing 5 via a set of bearings 24. The differential gear assembly 4 includes a first bevel output gear 12 rigidly connected to one end of a first axle 18, a second bevel output gear 14 rigidly connected to one end of a second axle 20, and two idler bevel gears 16. The idler bevel gears 16 are rotatably mounted on respective shafts 22 that are each connected to the rotatable housing 10. The axles 18 and 20 are respectively supported by the outer housing 5 via sets of bearings 21, 23. Vehicle wheels (not shown) are disposed at the distal ends of the axles 18, 20. In use, the rotor 8 and the differential housing 10 rotate together about a common axis 26. The machine 2 may be mounted between the wheels of a vehicle, which may be a wheelchair (not shown). The machine 2 may also be used a generator and may thereby provide braking for the vehicle.

Description

<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
POWER GENERATION MEANS FOR A VEHICLE The present invention relates to power generation means for a vehicle and a method for providing power for a vehicle and is concerned particularly with a combined electric machine and a differential gear assembly for a vehicle, said electric machine providing power to the drive means of the vehicle differential gear assembly and providing electric power generation means.
At present vehicles that are powered by an electric motor generally include an electric motor that drives a road wheel of the vehicle through a reduction gearbox. In one arrangement the power is transferred from the electric motor to the reduction gearbox comprising a worm and wheel gear. The electric power for the electric motor is normally stored in an electric battery.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided power generation means for propelling a vehicle, the power generation means comprising a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor connected to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the electromagnetic rotational force generated by the electric machine rotates the rotor and the housing of the differential gear assembly thus providing power output.
It will be appreciated that a suitable electric storage means will be provided for supplying the power generation means with an electric current.
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
Preferably, the rotor is directly attached to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the rotational velocity of the rotor is the same as the rotational velocity of the housing.
Preferably, the rotatable housing of the differential gear assembly is disposed co-axially within the rotor of the electric machine.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the rotatable housing of the differential gear is integrally formed with part of the rotor of the electric machine.
The rotor is disposed co-axially within the stator and the rotor is preferably disposed co-axially around the rotatable housing of the differential gear; the arrangement being such that. in use, the electromagnetic rotational force rotates both the rotor and the housing about a common axis.
The electric machine is preferably a DC motor.
Preferably, the electric machine is a brushless DC motor.
The differential gear assembly preferably comprises two output gears each connected to an end of a respective axle, and a pair of idler gears each rotatably mounted on a respective shaft, each idler gear meshing with both output gears.
The two output gears and the two axles are preferably disposed co-axially with the rotational axis of the rotor.
The output gears are preferably bevel gears.
The idler gears are preferably bevel gears.
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
The power generation means preferably comprises a housing structure that supports the stator element of the electric machine.
The housing structure preferably contains the rotor and the differential gear assembly.
Preferably the housing structure is formed with two channels through which the axles extend in a direction along their rotational axis.
The housing structure preferably provides support for the rotor and the differential gear assembly.
The housing structure preferably provides support for the axles.
The housing structure preferably comprises bearing means through which the support is provided.
In an embodiment of the present invention the power generation means is preferably mounted between the rear wheels of a vehicle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the power generation means is mounted between the wheels of a wheelchair vehicle.
In an embodiment of the present invention the electric machine preferably has a first operating condition as an electric motor and a second operating condition as an electric generator.
The term power generation means is used here within to describe both the means by which a vehicle is provided with a driving velocity and the means by which an electric current is generated by the velocity of a vehicle. It will be appreciated that in the first operating condition the power generation means drives the differential gear assembly and in the
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
second operating condition the power generation means generates an electric current that is stored in the storage means.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing driving power generation means for a vehicle, the method comprising the use of an electric machine to provide an electromagnetic force that directly rotates a differential gear assembly about an axis.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing power generation means for generating electricity for a vehicle comprising an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor, a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and electric storage means, the method comprising using a rotational force of the rotatable housing and the rotor to generate an electric current and storing the electric current in the electric storage means.
The construction of the electric machine and the differential gear assembly used in the third aspect of the present invention is preferably substantially as specified by the first aspect of the present invention.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided power generation means for a vehicle, the power generation means comprising a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor connected to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the a rotational force of the rotatable housing and the rotor generate an electric current.
<Desc/Clms Page number 5>
It will be appreciated that a suitable storage means for the electric current may be provided for storing the generated electric current.
The construction of the electric machine and the differential gear assembly used in the third aspect of the present invention is preferably substantially as specified by the first aspect of the present invention.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing breaking means for a vehicle, the method comprising the use of the electric machine and differential gear assembly as an electric generator, wherein the rotational force of the rotatable housing is converted into an electric current.
The electric machine and differential gear assembly used in the fourth aspect of the present invention is preferably as specified by the first aspect of the present invention.
The present invention may include any combination of the features or limitations referred to herein.
The present invention may be carried into practice in various ways, but an embodiment will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 shows a partial cross section of a vehicle power means comprising a combined electric machine and differential gear assembly.
With reference to Figure 1, a vehicle power generation means 1 comprises an electric machine 2 and a differential gear assembly 4 disposed within a housing structure 5.
<Desc/Clms Page number 6>
The electric machine 2 comprises a stator portion 6, and a rotor portion 8 disposed radially inward of the stator portion 6 and spaced therefrom by an air gap 9. The electric machine 2 is preferably a brushless DC motor, as this will accommodate the differential gear assembly within the rotor portion 8. The electric machine 2 would be supplied with power from a suitable power source such as an electric battery.
The differential gear assembly 4 comprises a rotatable tubular housing 10 that contains a first bevel output gear 12, a second bevel output gear 14 and two idler bevel gears 16. The first bevel output gear 12 is rigidly connected to one end of a first axle 18 and the second bevel output gear 14 is rigidly connected to one end of a second axle 20. The end portion of the first axle 18 is supported by the housing structure 5 via a set of bearings 21. The end portion of the second axle 20 is supported by the housing structure 5 via a set of bearings 23. The idler bevel gears 16 are rotatably mounted on respective shafts 22 that are each connected to the housing 10. The housing 10 is rotatably supported by the housing structure 5 via a set of bearings 24. A vehicle wheel (not shown) is disposed at the respective distal ends of the first axle 18 and the second axle 20.
In use the electric battery supplies the electric machine 2 with an electric current which in turn produces an electromagnetic force generated by the stator 6 and the rotor 8. This force produces a torque that rotates the rotor 8 and the differential housing 10 about a common axis 26. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the design of the stator 6 and rotor 8 and the torque required will depend upon the type of vehicle driven by the power means 1.
<Desc/Clms Page number 7>
The power generation means 1 may be mounted between the rear wheels of a motorised wheel chair, a scooter or any other such vehicle. When the vehicle is travelling in a straight line the housing 10 and the bevel output gears 12,14 rotate but the idler bevel gears 16 will not rotate about their respective shafts 22. When the vehicle travels through a bend the first axle 18 and the bevel output gear 12 will rotate at a different rotational speed to the second axle 20 and the bevel output gear 14. Due to the different rotational speeds of the bevel output gears 12 and 14, the idler bevel gears 16 will rotate on their respective shafts 22.
There are various benefits by the electric machine being a brushless DC motor such as a high torque at low speeds. The combination of the differential gear assembly eliminates the need for a reduction gearing or reduction gearbox. There is also a high efficiency, a long life and low noise compared with known conventional brushed motor units.
The power generation means 1 in particular the electric machine 2 and differential gear assembly 4 may also be used as an electric generator. The velocity of the vehicle is converted into a rotational velocity of the tubular housing 10 and the rotor portion 8 of the electric machine 2. The rotational velocity of the rotor portion 8 is used to generate an electric current in the stator portion 6. It will be appreciated that when the electric machine 2 is used as an electric generator and it will provide breaking means for the vehicle. The electric power generated by the electric machine 2 could be stored in the electric battery for future use by the power means 1. There are advantages provided by using the electric machine 2 as a generator. The range of the vehicle is increased if some of the electrical energy stored in the batteries is generated by the electric machine 2.

Claims (30)

  1. CLAIMS 1. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle, the power generation means comprising a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor connected to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the electromagnetic rotational force generated by the electric machine rotates the rotor and the housing of the differential gear thus providing power output.
  2. 2. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor is directly attached to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the rotational velocity of the rotor is the same as the rotational velocity of the housing.
  3. 3. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the rotatable housing of the differential gear is disposed co-axially within the rotor of the electric machine.
  4. 4. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any one of the previous claims, wherein the rotatable housing of the differential gear is integrally formed with part of the rotor of the electric machine.
  5. 5. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotor is disposed co-axially within the stator and the rotor is disposed co-axially around the rotatable housing of the differential gear; the arrangement being such that, in use, the electromagnetic rotational force rotates both the rotor and the differential gear about a common axis.
    <Desc/Clms Page number 9>
  6. 6. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein The electric machine is preferably a DC motor.
  7. 7. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electric machine is a brushless DC motor.
  8. 8. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the differential gear assembly comprises two output gears each connected to an end of a respective axle, and a pair of idler gears each rotatably mounted on a respective shaft, each idler gear meshing with both output gears.
  9. 9. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein the two output gears and the two axles are disposed co-axially with the rotational axis of the rotor.
  10. 10. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the output gears are bevel gears.
  11. 11. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the idler gears are bevel gears.
  12. 12. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the power generation means comprises a housing structure that supports the stator element of the electric machine.
  13. 13. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the housing structure contains the rotor and the differential gear assembly.
    <Desc/Clms Page number 10>
  14. 14. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claims 8 to 13, wherein the housing structure is formed with two channels through which the axles extend in a direction along their rotational axis.
  15. 15. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claims 12 to 15, wherein the housing structure provides support for the rotor and the differential gear assembly.
  16. 16. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claims 8 to 11, and claimed in 12 to 15 when dependant on claims 8 to 11, wherein the housing structure provides support for the axles.
  17. 17. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein the housing structure comprises bearing means through which the support is provided.
  18. 18. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein in an embodiment of the present invention the power generation means is mounted between the rear wheels of a vehicle.
  19. 19. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 17, wherein the power generation means is mounted between the wheels of a wheelchair vehicle.
  20. 20. Power generation means for propelling a vehicle as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the electric machine has a first operating condition as an electric motor and a second operating condition as an electric generator.
    <Desc/Clms Page number 11>
  21. 21. A method of providing driving power generation means for a vehicle, the method comprising the use of an electric machine to provide an electromagnetic force that directly rotates a differential gear assembly about an axis.
  22. 22. A method of providing power generation means for generating electricity for a vehicle comprising an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor, a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and electric storage means, the method comprising using a rotational force of the rotatable housing and the rotor to generate an electric current and storing the electric current in the electric storage means.
  23. 23. A method of providing power generation means for generating electricity for a vehicle as claimed in claim 22, wherein the construction of the electric machine and the differential gear is substantially as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 20.
  24. 24. Power generation means for a vehicle, the electrical power generation means comprising a differential gear assembly comprising a rotatable housing containing an array of gears, and an electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor connected to the housing, the arrangement being such that in use the a rotational force of the rotatable housing and the rotor generate an electric current.
  25. 25. Power generation means for a vehicle, as claimed in claim 24, wherein the construction of the electric machine and the differential gear assembly used in the third aspect of the present invention is preferably substantially as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 20.
    <Desc/Clms Page number 12>
  26. 26. A method of providing breaking means for a vehicle, the method comprising the use of the electric machine and differential gear assembly as an electric generator, wherein the rotational force of the rotatable housing is converted into an electric current.
  27. 27. A method of providing breaking means for a vehicle as claimed in claim 26, wherein the electric machine and differential gear assembly used is substantially as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 20.
  28. 28. Power generation for means for propelling a vehicle substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  29. 29. A method of providing power generation means for generating electricity for a vehicle substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  30. 30. A method of providing breaking means for a vehicle substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB0215363A 2001-07-04 2002-07-03 Vehicle drive unit comprising electric motor with differential gear within rotor Withdrawn GB2380866A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0116330.2A GB0116330D0 (en) 2001-07-04 2001-07-04 Drive means for a vehicle
EP01308766A EP1274161A1 (en) 2001-07-04 2001-10-15 Electric motor having a differential gear disposed within the rotor of the motor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0215363D0 GB0215363D0 (en) 2002-08-14
GB2380866A true GB2380866A (en) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=26077179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0215363A Withdrawn GB2380866A (en) 2001-07-04 2002-07-03 Vehicle drive unit comprising electric motor with differential gear within rotor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2380866A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2421989A (en) * 2004-12-03 2006-07-12 Modiff Ltd A differential gear with a casing that is a rotor of an electric motor
CN112721624A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-30 绿友机械集团股份有限公司 Differential walking roller driven by built-in external rotor motor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111520453B (en) * 2020-03-25 2022-12-20 湖南农业大学 Rotor with embedded differential mechanism

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1209597A (en) * 1967-05-19 1970-10-21 Internat Res And Dev Company L Electric motor drive for a vehicle
GB1385862A (en) * 1971-10-04 1975-03-05 Clark J Motor drive arrangement
US4467230A (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-08-21 Rovinsky Robert S Alternating current motor speed control
EP0760549A1 (en) * 1995-09-04 1997-03-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Drive assembly having electric motor and differential gear device disposed within rotor of the motor
DE19954590A1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-17 Linde Ag Drive arrangement e.g. for forklift truck, has permanent magnet electric motor with rotor, stator and differential gear integrated into rotor of electric motor, which forms central part of wheel axle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1209597A (en) * 1967-05-19 1970-10-21 Internat Res And Dev Company L Electric motor drive for a vehicle
GB1385862A (en) * 1971-10-04 1975-03-05 Clark J Motor drive arrangement
US4467230A (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-08-21 Rovinsky Robert S Alternating current motor speed control
EP0760549A1 (en) * 1995-09-04 1997-03-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Drive assembly having electric motor and differential gear device disposed within rotor of the motor
DE19954590A1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-17 Linde Ag Drive arrangement e.g. for forklift truck, has permanent magnet electric motor with rotor, stator and differential gear integrated into rotor of electric motor, which forms central part of wheel axle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2421989A (en) * 2004-12-03 2006-07-12 Modiff Ltd A differential gear with a casing that is a rotor of an electric motor
CN112721624A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-30 绿友机械集团股份有限公司 Differential walking roller driven by built-in external rotor motor

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