GB2380541A - Multi-purpose emergency light - Google Patents

Multi-purpose emergency light Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2380541A
GB2380541A GB0124102A GB0124102A GB2380541A GB 2380541 A GB2380541 A GB 2380541A GB 0124102 A GB0124102 A GB 0124102A GB 0124102 A GB0124102 A GB 0124102A GB 2380541 A GB2380541 A GB 2380541A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
lamp
base unit
light assembly
unit
emergency light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0124102A
Other versions
GB0124102D0 (en
GB2380541B (en
Inventor
David Parsons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB0124102A priority Critical patent/GB2380541B/en
Publication of GB0124102D0 publication Critical patent/GB0124102D0/en
Publication of GB2380541A publication Critical patent/GB2380541A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2380541B publication Critical patent/GB2380541B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • H02J9/065—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads for lighting purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S6/00—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing
    • F21S6/002—Table lamps, e.g. for ambient lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S6/00—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing
    • F21S6/005—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing with a lamp housing maintained at a distance from the floor or ground via a support, e.g. standing lamp for ambient lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/022—Emergency lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0442—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/11—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the brightness or colour temperature of ambient light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21L—LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF, BEING PORTABLE OR SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TRANSPORTATION
    • F21L4/00—Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells
    • F21L4/08—Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells characterised by means for in situ recharging of the batteries or cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0044—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

An emergency light comprises a lamp 20 powered by a mains supply, a back-up battery 25 and associated mains failure sensor (40, fig. 5) , and a light sensor (46, fig 5) for detecting a loss of the ambient light and to trigger the light to operate. The battery may be contained in the stem 24 of the lamp. The lamp itself may be unconnected from its base unit to provide a portable battery powered light.

Description

<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
MULTI-PURPOSE EMERGENCY LIGHT ASSEMBLY The present invention relates to an emergency light assembly.
Various forms of light assembly have been proposed hitherto, which include a lamp arranged to be energised in the event of the mains supply failing.
I have now devised an emergency light assembly which has additional functions.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an emergency light assembly which comprises a lamp arranged to be energised from a mains supply, a back-up battery source, means for detecting a failure of the mains supply to connect the battery source in circuit to energise said or an auxiliary lamp, and a light sensor for detecting a loss or diminution of the ambient light to connect the battery source in circuit to energise said lamp or said auxiliary lamp.
The assembly may be arranged to respond to a sudden loss of ambient light, as in the case of a failure of the main light source in the room, to energise the lamp or auxiliary lamp from either the mains power supply or the battery source.
The assembly may be arranged to switch off the lamp after a predetermined time period, or a selector switch may be provided for selecting a mode in which the lamp will switch off after such a period.
Instead or in addition, the assembly may be arranged to respond to a gradual loss of light, as when evening falls, to initiate energisation from the battery source, or preferably from the mains power supply, when the ambient light has fallen to a predetermined level.
The assembly may take the form of a table lamp or of a standard lamp. In each of these cases, the lamp stem may house the battery or batteries. Preferably the table or standard lamp comprises a main or lamp unit having a bottom part which engages onto a separate base unit having the mains lead, an electrical connector being provided between the main unit and
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
the base unit to connect mains power to the main unit: the arrangement allows the main part, particularly in the case of the table lamp, to be used in a portable manner.
Also in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a light assembly which comprises a lamp unit arranged to seat on a base unit, the base unit having an electrical lead for coupling to a mains supply and the assembly including an electrical connector for passing electrical power from the base unit to the lamp unit whilst permitting the lamp unit to be lifted from the base unit.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGURE 1 is a side view of a table lamp in accordance with the present invention; FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of the table lamp shown in Figure 1; FIGURE 3 is an isometric view of the table lamp shown in Figure 1 ; FIGURE 4 is a similar view of the table lamp, shown lifted from its base unit; and FIGURE 5 is a schematic block diagram of the electrical circuit of the table lamp shown in Figures 1 to 4.
Referring to the drawings, there is shown a table lamp arranged to be powered normally from the mains supply, but also having a battery which automatically powers either the table lamp or an auxiliary lamp should the mains supply fail.
The table lamp comprises a base unit 10 to which the power cable 12 leads, and a main or lamp unit 20 which seats on the base unit 10, the two units having connectors 11,21 which interengage to allow current to pass from the base unit to the lamp unit.
In the example shown, the base unit 10 is generally in the shape of a disc, the upperside of which is formed with a circular recess to receive a generally flat, circular bottom
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
part 22 of the lamp unit 20. The connector 11 of the base unit 10 projects upwardly from the centre of the base unit 10 and comprises a pair of sockets to receive the projecting pins of the connector 21 of the lamp unit 20.
The lamp unit 20 comprises an upright stem 24 projecting from the centre of its bottom part 22. The stem 24 is hollow and receives re-chargeable batteries 25, inserted through its top end, which is closed by a screw-threaded cap 26 to which the light bulb fitting is mounted. The light bulb, and the fitting into which it is engaged, are omitted from the drawings, but a lamp shade 28, typically mounted to the light bulb fitting, is shown in Figures 1 to 4.
An ON/OFF switch 30 for the lamp is mounted on the top surface of the bottom part 22 of the main or lamp unit 20. A light sensor (not shown) is also provided, for example on the top surface of the bottom part 22 of the lamp part 20.
Figure 4 is a block diagram of the electrical circuitry of the lamp: the components of this circuitry are mounted in the bottom part 22 of the lamp unit 20. Normally, the light bulb L is powered from the mains supply when the ON/OFF switch 30 is closed. A mains failure sensor 40 detects any absence of the mains supply and provides a corresponding signal to a lamp driver circuit 42, which then connects the battery pack 25 into circuit to power the lamp or an auxiliary lamp. A battery charger 44 serves to charge the battery pack from the mains, when available.
The output of the light sensor 46 is connected to a logic circuit 48, which discriminates between sudden and gradual failures of ambient light. In the case of a sudden failure of the ambient light, as in the case of the main light in the room failing, the logic circuit 48 passes an output signal to the lamp driver circuit 42, which responds by connecting either the mains supply or the battery source in circuit to energise the lamp L or an auxiliary lamp. A selector switch (not shown) may be provided to select a mode
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
in which the lamp L is switched off again after a predetermined period : thus, if in this selected mode the lamp becomes energised as a result of the main light in the room being switched off, the lamp L will be switched off after the predetermined time period, providing time for the room to be vacated.
In the event of a gradual failure of the ambient light, as when evening falls, the logic circuit 48 responds when the light falls to a predetermined level, to pass an output signal to the lamp driver circuit 42. The latter circuit then responds to connect the mains supply in circuit to energise the lamp L.
The lamp unit 20 is also provided with a light emitter (not shown) which is energised in the event that the lamp L fails.
Although the invention has been described in the form of a table lamp, it may instead take the form of a standard lamp or other lighting assembly.

Claims (9)

  1. Claims 1) An emergency light assembly which comprises a lamp arranged to be energised from a mains supply, a back-up battery source, means for detecting a failure of the mains supply to connect the battery source in circuit to energise said lamp or an auxiliary lamp, and a light sensor for detecting a loss or diminution of the ambient light to connect said battery source in circuit to energise said lamp or said auxiliary lamp.
  2. 2) An emergency light assembly as claimed in Claim 1, arranged to respond to an abrupt loss of ambient light to energise said lamp or auxiliary lamp from either the mains supply or the battery source.
  3. 3) An emergency light assembly as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, arranged to respond to a gradual loss of light to a predetermined level, to initiate energisation from said battery source or from the mains supply source.
  4. 4) An emergency light assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, in the form of a table lamp.
  5. 5) An emergency light assembly as claimed as in any one of claims 1 to 3, in the form of a standard lamp.
  6. 6) An emergency light assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, comprising a lamp stem in which said battery source is housed.
  7. 7) An emergency light assembly as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, comprising a lamp unit having a bottom part an electrical connector being provided between said lamp unit and said base unit to connect mains power to said lamp unit.
  8. 8) A light assembly which comprises a lamp unit arranged
    <Desc/Clms Page number 6>
    to seat on a base unit, the base unit having an electrical lead for coupling to a mains supply and the assembly including an electrical connector for passing electrical power from the base unit to the lamp unit yet permitting the base unit to be lifted from the base unit.
  9. 9) A light assembly substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB0124102A 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Multi-purpose emergency light assembly Expired - Fee Related GB2380541B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0124102A GB2380541B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Multi-purpose emergency light assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0124102A GB2380541B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Multi-purpose emergency light assembly

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0124102D0 GB0124102D0 (en) 2001-11-28
GB2380541A true GB2380541A (en) 2003-04-09
GB2380541B GB2380541B (en) 2005-08-24

Family

ID=9923404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0124102A Expired - Fee Related GB2380541B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Multi-purpose emergency light assembly

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2380541B (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10304594A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-26 Forchheim & Willing Gmbh Control circuit for switching safety light in emergency escape route, switches safety light on or off based on variation with time of quantity proportional to light intensity measured by light sensor
GB2401262A (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-03 Anne West Night light having detachable lamp unit
GB2415494A (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 Christopher John Maxwel Haines Emergency lamp
WO2007090112A3 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-12-06 Eveready Battery Inc Battery powered lighting appliance
EP1948997A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2008-07-30 Neoz PTY Ltd. Lamp system particularly for cordless lamps
WO2008141343A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Johannes Gerhardus Bartelink Light fitting
WO2009013727A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Odo Innovations Ltd. Method and system for economical emergency activation of electrical devices
EP2159482A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-03-03 Humankind Limited Safety lighting
GB2453902B (en) * 2005-08-11 2012-03-14 Beon Light Corp Pty Ltd Portable lamp
DE102012204840A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-02 Osram Gmbh LED-lamp attached to e.g. table, has diaphragm that is provided on mounting section and is partially covered by mounting section attached with holding device of socket
GB2507197A (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-23 Trustees Of The P4 Pension Fund Emergency lighting system that monitors mains supply by capacitive coupling
CN105003861A (en) * 2015-08-04 2015-10-28 余洁 Light sensing desk lamp
FR3107585A1 (en) * 2020-02-21 2021-08-27 Greenlite Multipurpose lamp
USD974614S1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2023-01-03 Xuemei LIAO Light

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1582356A (en) * 1978-02-06 1981-01-07 Smith A W A Security systems for buildings
US4985661A (en) * 1989-09-27 1991-01-15 Lin Yuang Chang Uninterrupted desk lamp
US5416384A (en) * 1993-02-23 1995-05-16 Bavaro; Joseph Back-up lighting system
JPH10106301A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Lighting system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4977351A (en) * 1986-11-18 1990-12-11 Bavco Manufacturing Company, Inc. Emergency lighting system
JPH08317576A (en) * 1995-05-18 1996-11-29 Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp Emergency lamp lighting unit, and illuminator
JP2000182412A (en) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-30 Takashi Suga Home luminaire with built-in emergency light

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1582356A (en) * 1978-02-06 1981-01-07 Smith A W A Security systems for buildings
US4985661A (en) * 1989-09-27 1991-01-15 Lin Yuang Chang Uninterrupted desk lamp
US5416384A (en) * 1993-02-23 1995-05-16 Bavaro; Joseph Back-up lighting system
JPH10106301A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Lighting system

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10304594A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-26 Forchheim & Willing Gmbh Control circuit for switching safety light in emergency escape route, switches safety light on or off based on variation with time of quantity proportional to light intensity measured by light sensor
GB2401262A (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-03 Anne West Night light having detachable lamp unit
GB2401262B (en) * 2003-05-02 2005-03-23 Anne West Emergency light
GB2415494A (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 Christopher John Maxwel Haines Emergency lamp
GB2415494B (en) * 2004-06-23 2008-06-11 Christopher John Maxwel Haines Lamp
GB2453902B (en) * 2005-08-11 2012-03-14 Beon Light Corp Pty Ltd Portable lamp
EP1948997A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2008-07-30 Neoz PTY Ltd. Lamp system particularly for cordless lamps
EP1948997A4 (en) * 2005-09-26 2014-05-21 Neoz Pty Ltd Lamp system particularly for cordless lamps
US7897277B2 (en) 2006-01-30 2011-03-01 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Reversible battery cartridge
WO2007090112A3 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-12-06 Eveready Battery Inc Battery powered lighting appliance
AU2007211026B2 (en) * 2006-01-30 2013-07-11 Energizer Brands, Llc Battery powered lighting appliance
WO2008141343A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Johannes Gerhardus Bartelink Light fitting
WO2009013727A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Odo Innovations Ltd. Method and system for economical emergency activation of electrical devices
US7671538B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2010-03-02 Odo Innovations Ltd. Method and system for economical emergency activation of electrical devices
EP2159482A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-03-03 Humankind Limited Safety lighting
DE102012204840A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-02 Osram Gmbh LED-lamp attached to e.g. table, has diaphragm that is provided on mounting section and is partially covered by mounting section attached with holding device of socket
GB2507197A (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-23 Trustees Of The P4 Pension Fund Emergency lighting system that monitors mains supply by capacitive coupling
GB2507197B (en) * 2012-10-22 2015-04-15 Trustees Of The P4 Pension Fund Improvements in or relating to power loss-actuated systems
CN105003861A (en) * 2015-08-04 2015-10-28 余洁 Light sensing desk lamp
FR3107585A1 (en) * 2020-02-21 2021-08-27 Greenlite Multipurpose lamp
USD974614S1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2023-01-03 Xuemei LIAO Light

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0124102D0 (en) 2001-11-28
GB2380541B (en) 2005-08-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB2380541A (en) Multi-purpose emergency light
US7897277B2 (en) Reversible battery cartridge
US7045975B2 (en) Apparatus and methods for providing emergency safety lighting
US8083392B2 (en) LED light has removable self-power LED unit(s)
US20070247840A1 (en) Compact emergency illumination unit
US5645341A (en) Wall lamp
US20090180271A1 (en) Nightlight Flashlight
WO2006030432A1 (en) An illumination unit employing a led or a fluorescent lamp for normal and emergency operation
US20110163672A1 (en) Light assembly
TW201738503A (en) Lamp with battery backup capability
US20090026961A1 (en) Low power consumption LED emergency light
US8333491B1 (en) Emergency light
US20090273917A1 (en) Lighting device
US7938555B1 (en) Emergency preparedness lamp
JP2006140067A (en) Emergency luminaire
CN201112992Y (en) Socket structure with emergency lighting lamp
JPH04236139A (en) Uninterruptible power supply
CN211925584U (en) Lamp with emergency function
KR200320809Y1 (en) portable modular emergency flashlight
GB2401262A (en) Night light having detachable lamp unit
KR200215588Y1 (en) Rechargeable Electric Desk Lamp with a Separated Portable Flash
JP3130832U (en) Lighting equipment for disaster prevention
KR200243680Y1 (en) A Desk Lamp And A Flashlight
CN201112991Y (en) Socket with emergency lighting lamp
JP2008186678A (en) Illumination device for disaster prevention

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20101005