GB2373368A - White light emitting LED devices - Google Patents

White light emitting LED devices Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2373368A
GB2373368A GB0106038A GB0106038A GB2373368A GB 2373368 A GB2373368 A GB 2373368A GB 0106038 A GB0106038 A GB 0106038A GB 0106038 A GB0106038 A GB 0106038A GB 2373368 A GB2373368 A GB 2373368A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
light
light emitting
emitting device
led
conversion layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0106038A
Other versions
GB2373368B (en
GB0106038D0 (en
Inventor
Wang Nang Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arima Optoelectronics Corp
Original Assignee
Arima Optoelectronics Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arima Optoelectronics Corp filed Critical Arima Optoelectronics Corp
Priority to GB0106038A priority Critical patent/GB2373368B/en
Publication of GB0106038D0 publication Critical patent/GB0106038D0/en
Publication of GB2373368A publication Critical patent/GB2373368A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2373368B publication Critical patent/GB2373368B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
    • H01L33/501—Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/93—Batch processes
    • H01L24/95—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
    • H01L24/97—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being connected to a common substrate, e.g. interposer, said common substrate being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • H01L2224/321—Disposition
    • H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/32245—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
    • H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091—Arched
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481—Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481—Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48257—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a die pad of the item
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
    • H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
    • H01L2224/73265—Layer and wire connectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/93—Batch processes
    • H01L2224/95—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
    • H01L2224/97—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being connected to a common substrate, e.g. interposer, said common substrate being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2933/00—Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
    • H01L2933/0091—Scattering means in or on the semiconductor body or semiconductor body package
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H01L33/60—Reflective elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Abstract

A light emitting device provides a light emitting diode 6 comprising a light emitting layer, which produces non-white light, and a sapphire substrate interposed between the light emitting layer and a light conversion layer 5 to convert light emitted by the LED into apparently white-light. The light emitting layer may comprise GaN, InGaAs or GaAlN emitting blue or UV light, and the conversion layer may contain a scattering medium and a fluorescent material containing one or more phosphors. A reflector such as a diffuser, scatter plate, lens or mirror may be placed above or below the LED, and an optical mechanical device such as a lens array or binary optics device may be included between the conversion layer and the reflector.

Description

LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES The present invention relates to light emitting devices.
More particularly, the present invention relates to devices that use a non-white light emitting diode (LED) in combination with a light conversion layer to create a light emitting device that gives off white-appearing light. White light generally ranges from 400 to 600 nanometres (nm) in wavelength, but light which appears as a proper combination of red, blue and green will also appear as white.
By using one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN in a LED, it is possible to create a LED that produces an intense blue light at around 470nm or ultra-violet light at around 400 nm. White light can be generated, for example, by a device that uses such a LED if it is then combined with a light conversion layer which absorbs blue light, converts it and subsequently emits it as light in the yellow-orange range of the spectrum.
The yellow-orange light mixes with the remaining blue light from the LED to provide a combination of light which appears as white to the human eye.
A conventional approach in building such a light emitting device is to use a conversion layer containing a fluorescent material and layer the conversion layer on to the top of a blue light emitting LED. However, this produces inefficient light conversion, as the blue light may escape past or be inhibited by the phosphor grains in the conversion layer. Furthermore, if an epoxy resin encapsulation is provided, this may also absorb some of the blue light. Thus, a high rate of conversion and high brightness are not easily achieved using this approach. This is the case whether the device in question is a LED lamp or a surface mounted LED light and the approach does not take into account the possibility of using a transparent substrate for the LED.
According to the present invention, there is provided a light emitting device comprising : i) a light emitting diode (LED) comprising a light emitting layer on a substrate, the LED emitting, in use, a non-white light; and
ii) a light conversion layer beneath the LED, the substrate being interposed between the light conversion layer and said light emitting layer and the conversion layer being capable of converting non-white light of the wavelength or wavelengths emitted by the LED to light of a different wavelength or wavelengths, the arrangement being such that, in use, a plurality of wavelengths of light are produced resulting in substantially whiteappearing light.
Said light emitting layer could be an epitaxial layer.
The LED substrate is preferably transparent so as to provide a pathway for at least some of the light emitted by the LED to contact the light conversion layer.
The light emitting device may further comprise a reflector device positioned above the LED (with or without a gap, such as an air gap) so as to provide a pathway for at least some of the light emitted by the LED to contact the light conversion layer.
The reflector device may comprise one or more of a diffuser, scattering plate, a lens, and a mirror.
The conversion layer may comprise fluorescent material dispersed in a transparent medium. The fluorescent material may comprise one or more phosphors.
The conversion layer may further comprise a scattering medium to enhance the uniformity of the converted light.
The light emitting device may further comprise a reflective layer positioned beneath the conversion layer and operative to reflect light of the wavelengths produced by the LED and conversion layer. The reflective layer may employ dielectric mirrors or metallic reflectors.
The light emitting device may further comprise an optical mechanical device interposed between the conversion layer and the reflective layer to improve the uniformity, brightness and beam convergence of the converted light. The optical mechanical device may comprise a microlens array, a lenticular lens array or a binary optics device.
The non-white light produced by the LED may be blue or UV light. The LED light emitting layer may comprise one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN.
The LED substrate may comprise sapphire.
Where the LED produces blue light, the light conversion layer may comprise phosphors capable of converting blue light to light in the yellow-orange range, such that the combination of light produced by the LED and conversion layer appears substantially white. Such phosphors may comprise one or more of Y3ALOCe, (Y, Gd) 3AICe, ZnS: Cu, ZnS: Mn, SrCaS: Bi and SrS : Eu.
Where the LED produces UV light, the light conversion layer may comprise a combination of different types of phosphor, each type being capable of converting UV light into a colour of light in the visible spectrum, the combination of light thereby produced by the conversion layer may appearing substantially white. For example, the light conversion layer may comprise one or more of a UV to blue light converting phosphor, a UV to green light converting phosphor and a UV to red light converting phosphor. Such a UV to blue light converting phosphor may comprise BaMgAlOEu or ZnS : Ag or a combination thereof, such a UV to green light converting phosphor may comprise ZnS: Cu and such a UV to red converting phosphor may comprise YOS or SrS: Eu or ZnS: Mn or a combination thereof.
The light emitting device may comprise a plurality of such LEDs arranged in a linear, 2-dimensional matrix or array, or a 3-dimensional matrix or array. Alternatively, the light emitting device may comprise a plurality of such LEDs formed on a wafer.
The light emitting device may further comprise p-and n-type ohmic contacts located at the top of the wafer.
According to the present invention from another aspect, there is provided a light emitting device comprising : a UV or blue light emitting LED made from an epitaxial layer comprising one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN on a transparent sapphire substrate;
a conversion layer beneath the LED containing organic or inorganic fluorescent material ; a UV/visible light reflecting layer beneath and around the fluorescent material and the LED; an optical mechanical device, such as a microlens array, formed between the conversion layer and the reflecting layer; and input terminals connected to the LED, the assembly being free-standing or embedded in a transparent encapsulation resin.
According to the present invention from a further aspect, there is provided an LED comprising: a wafer having UV or blue light emitting LEDs made from an epitaxial layer comprising one or more ofGaN, InGaN and GaA I N on a transparent sapphire substrate; a conversion layer beneath the LED containing organic or inorganic fluorescent material; a UV/visible light reflecting layer beneath the fluorescent material and the LED; an optical mechanical device, such as a microlens array, between the conversion layer and the reflecting layer; and p-and n-type ohmic contacts locating at the top of the wafer.
In one example, a UV or blue light emitting LED is made from an epitaxial layer of one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN on a transparent sapphire substrate. The UV or blue light can pass through the transparent substrate and strike phosphor grains and first conversion light from the phosphors occurs. Unabsorbed UV or blue light that escapes past the phosphors is reflected by a reflector and strikes the phosphors again to induce second conversion light from the phosphors.
In another example, a LED chip is covered (with or without a gap such as an air gap) by one or more of a diffuser, a scattering plate, a lens and a mirror, which partially reflects or scatters back UV or blue light emitted from LED chip. Approximately up to 100% of UV light emitted from the front side of the LED chip can be reflected back.
Approximately up to 50% of blue light emitted from the front side of the LED chip can
be reflected or scattered back and strike phosphors of the conversion layer. The tuning of the reflectivity can be done by a dielectric coating or the choice of plates with different refractive indices. It can provide a higher conversion efficiency and more uniformly white light.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings, in which; FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a LED lamp; FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the LED lamp of FIG. 1, further comprising a partial reflector; FIG. 3a is a cross-section of a light emitting device including a LED array; FIG. 3b is a plan-view of the device of FIG. 3a; FIG. 4a is a cross-section of a light emitting device including a LED wafer; and FIG. 4b is a plan-view of the device of FIG. 4a.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a LED lamp 1 comprises a LED 6, capable of producing blue or UV light, and first and second terminals, or lead frames, 2 and 3, the LED 6 being seated in a recessed area of lead frame 2. Optionally, the entire assembly can be embedded in a transparent encapsulation resin 9. The LED 6 comprises a light emitting epitaxial layer of one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN on a transparent sapphire substrate. The recessed area of lead frame 2 is covered by a reflective layer 4.
Alternatively, the reflective layer 4 may be integral with the recessed area of lead frame 2. The reflective layer 4 can be formed of multilayer dielectric mirrors, metallic reflectors such as Al or Ag, or other materials that reflect UV and visible light.
Interposed between the LED 6 and the reflective layer 4 is a light conversion layer 5. The light conversion layer 5 can be formed by dispersing a fluorescent material in a transparent polymer material, such as polystyrene, polyacrylate, epoxy resin or other transparent medium. The fluorescent material can be one or more ofY3Als02 : Ce, (Y, GdAlsOCe, ZnS: Cu, ZnS: Mn and SrCaS: Eu, or any other phosphor which can convert blue or UV light to the yellow-orange range. The light conversion layer 5 may
also contain a scattering media such as dielectric materials, glass or air bubbles to enhance the uniformity of the converted light.
Electrical power is supplied by first and second lead frames 2 and 3 to the LED 6 via wire bonds 7 and 8 respectively. When activated by a DC current at the appropriate forward voltage, the light emitting layer of the LED 6 produces a blue light at approximately 470 nm and UV light at approximately 400nm wavelengths. Light emitted from the rear face of the light emitting layer (the face in contact with the transparent sapphire substrate) passes through the transparent sapphire substrate and strikes the phosphor grains in the light conversion layer 5 beneath it. On striking the phosphor grains, a first conversion of light occurs. Blue or UV light that escapes past the phosphor grains is reflected by reflective layer 4 and strikes the phosphor grains
-igal I ines again, inducing a second conversion of light to occur. The converted light combines with the remainder of the blue light emitted by the LED 6 to produce a combination of light that appears substantially white to the human eye.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the LED lamp 1 may also comprise a reflector device 10, positioned over the top of the LED 6 with or without a gap-On activation of the LED 6, at least some of the light emitted from the front face of the light emitting layer (the face not in contact with the transparent sapphire substrate) encounters the reflector device 10. Some of the light encountering the reflector device 10 is then reflected back towards the light conversion layer 5, whereupon conversion of light occurs, as before.
The reflector device 10 may comprise one or more of a diffuser, a scattering plate, a lens or a mirror. The properties of a diffuser are dictated by its surface texture, and in particular the reflectivity on the bottom of the diffuser can be tuned by the choice of plates of appropriate refractive index or the deposition of multi layer dielectric thin films.
A scattering plate can be made of a transparent polymer dispersed with scattering media such as dielectric beads, glass beads or air bubbles to scatter the light emitted by the LED 6. A lens can be of any desired design depending on the output beam requirements. Approximately up to 50% of blue light and 100% ofUV light emitted from the front face of the light emitting layer can be reflected back.
Large, two-dimensional, light-emitting devices can be readily manufactured in that a LED array is combined with the conversion and reflecting layers. For example, such a LED array may be surface mounted on a reflecting layer which is printed or covered by fluorescent material.
Referring now to FIG. 3a, there is shown a white LED array 11 with a reflecting module, which consists of a layer 5 of fluorescent material underneath the LED 6. The fluorescent material can be dispersed in a transparent polymer material, such as polystyrene, polyacrylate, epoxy resin or other transparent medium. An optical mechanical device 14 such as a microlens arrays, lenticular lens arrays, or a binary optics device is fabricated between the conversion layer 5 and the reflecting layer 4.
The LED array 11 has first and second terminals, or metal contacts, 12 and 13, by which electrical power is supplied to the LED array 11. Each LED 6 is connected by a wire bond 7 to a metal contact 12 and by a wire bond 8 to a metal contact 13. The entire assembly can be free standing or embedded in a transparent encapsulation resin 9.
FIG. 3b is a plan-view of the white LED array 11 of Fig. 3a. Each LED 6 is surface mounted on the layer 5 containing fluorescent material and reflecting layer 4.
LED array 11 has first and second terminals, or metal contacts, 12 and 13, by which electrical power is supplied to the LED array 11. Each LED 6 is connected by a wire bond 7 to a metal contact 12 and by a wire bond 8 to a metal contact 13.
is' Referring now to FIGS. 4a and 4b, there is shown a white LED wafer--with its
reflecting and conversion layers attached on the bottom. The conversion layer 5 may comprise a fluorescent material dispersed in a transparent polymer. The conversion layer may also contain scattering media to enhance the uniformity of the converted light. An optical mechanical device 14 between the conversion layer 5 and the reflecting layer 4 may be fabricated to form lenticular lens array, a two dimensional microlens array, or a binary optics device to improve the uniformity, brightness and beam convergence of the converted light. The reflecting layer 4 can be metal reflectors or dielectric mirrors. The fluorescent material can be dispersed in a transparent polymer material, such as polystyrene, polyacrylate, epoxy resin or other transparent medium. Each LED 6 has the necessary features for a functional substantially white light emitting device.

Claims (24)

  1. CLAIMS 1. A light emitting device comprising ; i) a light emitting diode (LED) comprising a light emitting layer on a substrate, the LED emitting, in use, a non-white light; and ii) a light conversion layer beneath the LED, the substrate being interposed between the light conversion layer and the light emitting layer and the conversion layer being capable of converting non-white light of the wavelength or wavelengths emitted by the LED to light of a different wavelength or wavelengths, the arrangement being such that, in use, a plurality of wavelengths of light are produced resulting in substantially white-appearing light.
  2. 2. A light emitting device according to Claim 1, wherein the light emitting layer is an epitaxial layer.
  3. 3. A light emitting device according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the LED substrate is transparent so as to provide a pathway for at least some of the light emitted by the LED to contact the light conversion layer.
  4. 4. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the light emitting device further comprises a reflector device positioned above the LED so as to provide a pathway for at least some of the light emitted by the LED to contact the light conversion layer.
  5. 5. A light emitting device according to Claim 4, wherein the reflector device comprises one or more of a diffuser, a scattering plate, a lens or a mirror.
  6. 6. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the conversion layer comprises fluorescent material dispersed in a transparent medium.
  7. 7. A light emitting device according to Claim 6, wherein the fluorescent material comprises one or more phosphors.
  8. 8. A light emitting device according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein the conversion layer further comprises a scattering medium.
  9. 9. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the light emitting device further comprises a reflective layer positioned beneath the conversion layer operative to reflect light of the wavelengths produced by the LED and conversion layer.
  10. 10. A light emitting device according to Claim 9, wherein the reflective layer employs dielectric mirrors or metallic reflectors.
  11. 11. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the light emitting device further comprises an optical mechanical device interposed between the conversion layer and the reflective layer.
  12. 12. A light emitting device according to Claim 11, wherein the optical mechanical device comprises a microlens array, a lenticular lens array or a binary optics device.
  13. 13. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the non-white light produced by the LED is blue or UV light.
  14. 14. A light emitting device according to Claim 13, wherein the LED light emitting layer comprises one or more of GaN, InGaN and GaAIN.
  15. 15. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, wherein the LED substrate comprises sapphire.
  16. 16. A light emitting device according to Claim 13 or either of Claims 14 and 15 as dependent on Claim 13, wherein the LED produces blue light and the light conversion layer comprises phosphors capable of converting blue light to light in the yellow-orange range, such that the combination of light produced by the LED and conversion layer appears substantially white.
  17. 17. A light emitting device according to Claim 16, wherein the phosphors comprise one ormore ofY3AI502 : Ce, (Y, GdAl. O Ce, ZnS : Cu, ZnS : Mn, SrCaS : Bi and SrS : Eu.
  18. 18. A light emitting device according to Claim 13 or either of Claims 14 and 15 as dependent on Claim 13, wherein the LED produces UV light and the light conversion layer comprises a combination of different types of phosphor, each type being capable of converting UV light into a colour of light in the visible spectrum, the combination of light thereby produced by the conversion layer appearing substantially white.
  19. 19. A light emitting device according to Claim 18, wherein the light conversion layer comprises one or more ofUV to blue light converting phosphor, a UV to green light converting phosphor and a UV to red light converting phosphor.
  20. 20. A light emitting device according to Claim 19, wherein such a UV to blue light converting phosphor comprises BaMgAl, oO7 : Eu or ZnS: Ag or a combination thereof, such a UV to green light converting phosphor comprises ZnS: Cu and such a UV to red converting phosphor comprises Y202S or SrS: Eu or ZnS: Mn or a combination thereof.
  21. 21. A light emitting device according to any preceding claim, comprising a plurality of such LEDs arranged in a linear, 2-dimensional matrix or array, or a 3 dimensional matrix or array.
  22. 22. A light emitting device according to any one of Claims 1 to 20, wherein the light emitting device comprises a plurality of such LEDs formed on a wafer.
  23. 23. A light emitting device according to Claim 22, wherein the light emitting device further comprises p-and n-type ohmic contacts located at the top of the wafer.
  24. 24. A light emitting device, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB0106038A 2001-03-12 2001-03-12 Light emitting devices Expired - Fee Related GB2373368B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0106038A GB2373368B (en) 2001-03-12 2001-03-12 Light emitting devices

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0106038A GB2373368B (en) 2001-03-12 2001-03-12 Light emitting devices

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0106038D0 GB0106038D0 (en) 2001-05-02
GB2373368A true GB2373368A (en) 2002-09-18
GB2373368B GB2373368B (en) 2004-10-27

Family

ID=9910472

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0106038A Expired - Fee Related GB2373368B (en) 2001-03-12 2001-03-12 Light emitting devices

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2373368B (en)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1390966A1 (en) * 2001-04-30 2004-02-25 Gelcore LLC Uv reflectors and uv-based light sources having reduced uv radiation leakage incorporating the same
WO2004038815A1 (en) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-06 'svetlana-Optoelektronika' Semiconductor white light source
EP1439585A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-21 Unity Opto Technology Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode comprising a phosphor layer
WO2004068598A2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor converted light emitting devices
WO2004107457A2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-09 Brasscorp Limited Led inspection lamp, cluster led, and led with stabilizing agents
EP1521313A2 (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-06 LumiLeds Lighting U.S., LLC Integrated reflector cup for a light emitting device mount
US6885033B2 (en) * 2003-03-10 2005-04-26 Cree, Inc. Light emitting devices for light conversion and methods and semiconductor chips for fabricating the same
EP1592074A2 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH Light emitting diode assembly
US7075225B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2006-07-11 Tajul Arosh Baroky White light emitting device
US7091661B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-08-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a reflective polarizer
US7091653B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-08-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a non-planar long pass reflector
WO2006087651A2 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Light emitting device comprising inorganic light emitting diode(s)
US7118438B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-10-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods of making phosphor based light sources having an interference reflector
US7210977B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-05-01 3M Innovative Properties Comapny Phosphor based light source component and method of making
US7245072B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-07-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a polymeric long pass reflector
US7312560B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-12-25 3M Innovative Properties Phosphor based light sources having a non-planar long pass reflector and method of making
DE102007004302A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Semiconductor chip for light emitting diode, has support with two support surfaces, and semiconductor layer sequence has active area for generation of radiation
CN100394619C (en) * 2003-01-27 2008-06-11 3M创新有限公司 Lignt emmitting device for phosphor conversion
US7394188B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2008-07-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light source component
EP2172984A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2010-04-07 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd Led lighting device
WO2010083929A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-29 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2027412B1 (en) 2006-05-23 2018-07-04 Cree, Inc. Lighting device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5898185A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-04-27 International Business Machines Corporation Hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductor light emitting diodes
US5966393A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-10-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Hybrid light-emitting sources for efficient and cost effective white lighting and for full-color applications
JP2000347601A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-15 Toshiba Electronic Engineering Corp Light emitting device
WO2001024285A1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Lumileds Lighting, U.S., Llc A light emitting diode device comprising a luminescent substrate that performs phosphor conversion
EP1107321A1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2001-06-13 Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5966393A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-10-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Hybrid light-emitting sources for efficient and cost effective white lighting and for full-color applications
US5898185A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-04-27 International Business Machines Corporation Hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductor light emitting diodes
JP2000347601A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-15 Toshiba Electronic Engineering Corp Light emitting device
EP1107321A1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2001-06-13 Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode
WO2001024285A1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Lumileds Lighting, U.S., Llc A light emitting diode device comprising a luminescent substrate that performs phosphor conversion

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1390966A1 (en) * 2001-04-30 2004-02-25 Gelcore LLC Uv reflectors and uv-based light sources having reduced uv radiation leakage incorporating the same
EP1390966A4 (en) * 2001-04-30 2008-03-19 Gelcore Llc Uv reflectors and uv-based light sources having reduced uv radiation leakage incorporating the same
WO2004038815A1 (en) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-06 'svetlana-Optoelektronika' Semiconductor white light source
EP1439585A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-21 Unity Opto Technology Co., Ltd. Light emitting diode comprising a phosphor layer
CN100394619C (en) * 2003-01-27 2008-06-11 3M创新有限公司 Lignt emmitting device for phosphor conversion
WO2004068597A3 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-10-28 3M Innovative Properties Co Phosphor based light sources utilizing total internal reflection
WO2004068598A3 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-11-04 3M Innovative Properties Co Phosphor converted light emitting devices
US7394188B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2008-07-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light source component
US7157839B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-01-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources utilizing total internal reflection
WO2004068597A2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources utilizing total internal reflection
WO2004068598A2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor converted light emitting devices
US7312560B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-12-25 3M Innovative Properties Phosphor based light sources having a non-planar long pass reflector and method of making
US7245072B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-07-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a polymeric long pass reflector
US7091661B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-08-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a reflective polarizer
US7091653B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-08-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Phosphor based light sources having a non-planar long pass reflector
US7210977B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-05-01 3M Innovative Properties Comapny Phosphor based light source component and method of making
US7118438B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2006-10-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods of making phosphor based light sources having an interference reflector
US6885033B2 (en) * 2003-03-10 2005-04-26 Cree, Inc. Light emitting devices for light conversion and methods and semiconductor chips for fabricating the same
US8941125B2 (en) 2003-03-10 2015-01-27 Cree, Inc. Light emitting devices for light conversion and semiconductor chips for fabricating the same
US7405094B2 (en) 2003-03-10 2008-07-29 Cree, Inc. Light emitting devices for light conversion and methods and semiconductor chips for fabricating the same
WO2004107457A2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-09 Brasscorp Limited Led inspection lamp, cluster led, and led with stabilizing agents
WO2004107457A3 (en) * 2003-05-30 2005-11-03 Brasscorp Ltd Led inspection lamp, cluster led, and led with stabilizing agents
US7075225B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2006-07-11 Tajul Arosh Baroky White light emitting device
EP1521313A3 (en) * 2003-10-03 2010-12-29 Philips Lumileds Lighting Company LLC Integrated reflector cup for a light emitting device mount
EP1521313A2 (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-06 LumiLeds Lighting U.S., LLC Integrated reflector cup for a light emitting device mount
EP1592074A2 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH Light emitting diode assembly
EP1592074A3 (en) * 2004-04-30 2010-09-08 OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Light emitting diode assembly
WO2006087651A2 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Light emitting device comprising inorganic light emitting diode(s)
WO2006087651A3 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-10-26 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Light emitting device comprising inorganic light emitting diode(s)
US8431937B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2013-04-30 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Semiconductor chip and method for producing a semiconductor chip
DE102007004302A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Semiconductor chip for light emitting diode, has support with two support surfaces, and semiconductor layer sequence has active area for generation of radiation
EP2172984A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2010-04-07 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd Led lighting device
EP2172984A4 (en) * 2007-07-26 2013-09-11 Panasonic Corp Led lighting device
US8729573B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2014-05-20 Panasonic Corporation LED lighting device
US8916886B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2014-12-23 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
WO2010083929A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-29 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
CN102292836B (en) * 2009-01-23 2016-05-25 奥斯兰姆奥普托半导体有限责任公司 Photoelectrical semiconductor component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2373368B (en) 2004-10-27
GB0106038D0 (en) 2001-05-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB2373368A (en) White light emitting LED devices
US11028979B2 (en) Lighting source using solid state emitter and phosphor materials
JP4045189B2 (en) Light emitting device
US7819549B2 (en) High efficiency light source using solid-state emitter and down-conversion material
US8071990B2 (en) Optoelectronic component that emits electromagnetic radiation and illumination module
CN101013734B (en) Light emitting diode module
US9257626B2 (en) Light emitting device package
US20110089815A1 (en) Light-emitting device
JP2021523539A (en) Lighting module and lighting equipment equipped with it
US11512817B2 (en) Automotive LED light source with glass lens over a glass converter plate containing phosphor
US20160152175A1 (en) Light source module and lighting device including the same
KR101666844B1 (en) Optical device and light source module having the same
KR100712880B1 (en) White light emitting diode capable of reducing correlated color temperature variation
KR20200126290A (en) Lighting module and lighting apparatus
KR20140045655A (en) A light emitting device package
KR102145918B1 (en) A light emitting device package
JP4458214B2 (en) Light source device
KR20130026179A (en) Illuminating apparatus having light emitting device and refrigerator employing the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20060312