GB2372902A - Integrated cancellation antenna for full-duplex microwave transceivers - Google Patents
Integrated cancellation antenna for full-duplex microwave transceivers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2372902A GB2372902A GB0031017A GB0031017A GB2372902A GB 2372902 A GB2372902 A GB 2372902A GB 0031017 A GB0031017 A GB 0031017A GB 0031017 A GB0031017 A GB 0031017A GB 2372902 A GB2372902 A GB 2372902A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- coupler
- port
- ports
- microwave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
- H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
- H04B1/525—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/12—Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements
- H04B1/123—Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements using adaptive balancing or compensation means
- H04B1/126—Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements using adaptive balancing or compensation means having multiple inputs, e.g. auxiliary antenna for receiving interfering signal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transceivers (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The proposed 'cancellation' antenna comprises an antenna and coupler which are designed and fabricated as a single integrated unit with the electrical separation of the coupler and the antenna pre-determined to ensure that 'cancellation' occurs. The invention takes advantage of modern design methods and microwave integrated circuit techniques to achieve the 'cancellation' circuit layout. According to the one embodiment of the present invention (fig. 1) there is provided a 3dB microwave coupler with four ports. To port A of the coupler is connected the microwave transmitting device so that equal levels of transmission power are coupled to ports B and C. The receiving microwave circuit is connected to port D. According to this embodiment of the invention a two port dual-polarisation antenna is connected to ports B and C of the 3dB coupler. In a further aspect of the invention the antenna connected to ports B and C is provided with a predetermined mismatch, and is suitably located electrically, such that the reflected signals entering ports B and C of the coupler combine in port D in such a way as to just cancel the 'breakthrough' signal entering port D from port A. Isolation levels between ports A and D of the order of 45dB or more are possible with careful design.
Description
Integrated'Cancellation'Antenna for Full Duplex Microwave Transceivers In microwave transmit/receive systems in which full duplex operation (i e signal reception during transmission) is an operational requirement, for example, in hand-held phones, in tagging systems, in ground penetrating radar systems and in some medical systems, reception of the return signal which may be very low by comparison with the transmitted signal is highly dependent on the isolation between the transmitter and receiver circuits, particularly when an a common antenna is used. This isolation is commonly achieved by using a circulator to separate the transmission and reception paths. However the very best circulators can provide isolation levels of no more than about 30dB, which means that that a Tx/Rx system generating, say, lWatt of transmitted power, would result in an'unwanted'breakthrough signal into the receiver of the order of 1 m W. Without the use of sophisticated signal recovery techniques it is, therefore, difficult in such a system to detect a'wanted'signal of much lower that ImW. This results in a significant limitation in the range potential of full duplex systems.
This patent provides a solution to the problem of limited isolation associated with conventional circulator based Tx/Rx systems by incorporating signal cancellation into an integrated antenna/coupler circuit arrangement based on the use of a 3dB hybrid coupler, ringhybrid coupler, or any other 3-port or 4-port coupling arrangement which provides electrical interconnection of a transmitter, receiver and a single antenna. An essential feature of the invention is that the antenna and coupler are designed and fabricated as a single integrated unit with the electrical separation of the coupler and the antenna pre-determined to ensure that 'cancellation'occurs. In currently available systems the antenna and coupler/circulator are designed as separate units which are then connected at an arbitrary distance from each other in electrical terms. The proposed invention takes advantage of modem design methods and microwave integrated circuit techniques to achieve the'cancellation'circuit layout.
According to the one embodiment of the present invention there is provided a 3dB microwave coupler with four ports. To port A of the coupler is connected the microwave transmitting device so that equal levels of transmission power are coupled to ports B and C The receiving microwave circuit is connected to port D. According to this embodiment of the invention a two port dual-polarisation antenna is connected to ports B and C of the 3dB coupler In a further aspect of the invention the antenna connected to ports B and C is provided with a predetermined mismatch, and is suitably located electrically, such that the reflected signals entering ports B and C of the coupler combine in port D in such a way as to just cancel the'breakthrough'signal entering port D from port A Isolation levels between ports A and D of the order of 45dB or more are possible with careful design.
According to a second embodiment of the present invention there is provided a microwave coupler/circulator with three ports To port A of the coupler is connected the microwave transmitting device so that power is coupled to port B and the antenna The receiving microwave circuit is connected to port C. According to this aspect of the invention the antenna connected to ports B is provided with a predetermined mismatch, and is suitably located electrically, such that the reflected signals entering ports B of the coupler/circulator combine in port C in such a way as to just cancel the'breakthrough'signal entering port C from port A Isolation levels between ports A and C of the order of 45dB or more are possible with careful design.
A schematic diagram showing specific circuit details of an embodiment of the invention based on a four port coupler realised in microstrip form is presented in figure 1. It comprises a four port hybrid coupler (1) with a transmitter port A, a receiver port D, and dual-polarised antenna ports B and C. The transmitter at port A (2) should be match to the feed line (3), but may be any microwave transmitting device delivering a modulated or unmodulated microwave carrier signal in a microwave or mm-wave frequency band. The receiver at port D (4), which may be any suitable receiving device operating in a microwave or mm-wave frequency band, should be matched to the feed line (5) The electrical length of the feed line (6) between ports B and C and the dual-polarised antenna (7) ports is pre-determined to ensure that the reflected signals (S,,.) from the antenna ports (8), the magnitudes of which are also pre-determined, are in antiphase with the'breakthrough'signal SDA (9) entering port D of the hybrid The combined reflected signal SDB and Soc are designed to be equal in magnitude to SDA so that in operation the isolation between the transmitter port A and the receiver port D is at least 45dB at the design frequency
A schematic diagram showing specific circuit details of an embodiment of the invention based on a three port coupler/circulator realised in microstrip form is presented in figure 2 It comprises a three port hybrid circulator (I) with a transmitter port A, a receiver port C, and an antenna port B The transmitter at port A (2) should be match to the feed line (3), but may be any microwave transmitting device delivering a modulated or unmodulated microwave carrier signal in a microwave or mm-wave frequency band. The receiver at port C (4), which may be any suitable receiving device operating in a microwave or mm-wave frequency band, should be matched to the feed line (5). The electrical length of the feed line (6) between ports B and the antenna (7) port is pre-determined to ensure that the reflected signal (S,,) from the antenna port (8), the magnitude of which is also pre-determined, is in antiphase with the 'breakthrough'signal SCA (9) entering port C of the circulator. The reflected signal SCB is designed to be equal in magnitude to SCA so that in operation the isolation between the transmitter port A and the receiver port C is at least 45dB at the design frequency.
Claims (6)
- Claims 1 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit implemented in some microwave transmission medium which provides high isolation between the transmit and receive ports of a full-duplex transceiver by ensuring that signal cancellation occurs in the receive port between the coupler breakthrough signal from the transmit port and reflections from the antenna port (s).
- 2 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claim 1 in which the coupler is realised as a four port hybrid coupler and the antenna is realised as a dual polarised antenna
- 3. There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claim 1 in which the coupler is realised as a four port ring-hybrid coupler and the antenna is realised as a dual polarised antenna.
- 4. There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claim 1 in which the coupler is realised as a three port circulator and the antenna is realised as a single polarised antenna.
- 5 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 in which the microwave transmission medium is micro-stripline.
- 6. There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1,2, 3, and 4 in which the microwave transmission medium is tri-plate stripline.7 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 in which the microwave transmission medium is waveguide 8 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1,2, 3, and 4 in which the microwave transmission medium is co-planar waveguide 9 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1,2, 3, and 4 in which the microwave transmission medium is slot-line 10. There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as claimed in claims 1 through 9 in which the antenna is replaced by an output microwave circuit with similar electrical characteristics to a single-polarised or dual-polarised microwave antenna 11 There is provided an integrated antenna/coupler circuit as described herein with reference to figures I and 2
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0031017A GB2372902B (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Integrated cancellation antenna for full-duplex microwave transceivers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0031017A GB2372902B (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Integrated cancellation antenna for full-duplex microwave transceivers |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0031017D0 GB0031017D0 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| GB2372902A true GB2372902A (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| GB2372902B GB2372902B (en) | 2004-06-16 |
Family
ID=9905424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0031017A Expired - Lifetime GB2372902B (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Integrated cancellation antenna for full-duplex microwave transceivers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2372902B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1672380A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | HMI-System with integrated transmit and receive concept |
| EP1672385A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Production and processing plant with a transponder device |
| US8077639B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-12-13 | Knox Michael E | High isolation signal routing assembly for full duplex communication |
| US8111640B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2012-02-07 | Knox Michael E | Antenna feed network for full duplex communication |
| WO2013152588A1 (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Full-duplex wireless communication device, method and system |
| US9413414B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2016-08-09 | Mode-1 Corp. | High isolation signal routing assembly for full duplex communication |
| US9780437B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2017-10-03 | Michael E. Knox | Antenna feed network for full duplex communication |
| US10644394B2 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2020-05-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Technique for full duplex with single antenna |
| US10644763B1 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2020-05-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Technique for single antenna full duplex |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3731235A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-05-01 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Dual polarized diplexer |
| FR2487608A1 (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1982-01-29 | Gache Jean Louis | Portable phase modulation duplex transceiver - has common aerial coupled to transmitter and receiver through isolating duplexer having cell structure |
| EP1024551A2 (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-02 | Radio Frequency Systems Inc. | Isolation improvement circuit for a dual-polarization antenna |
-
2000
- 2000-12-20 GB GB0031017A patent/GB2372902B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3731235A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-05-01 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Dual polarized diplexer |
| FR2487608A1 (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1982-01-29 | Gache Jean Louis | Portable phase modulation duplex transceiver - has common aerial coupled to transmitter and receiver through isolating duplexer having cell structure |
| EP1024551A2 (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-02 | Radio Frequency Systems Inc. | Isolation improvement circuit for a dual-polarization antenna |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1672380A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | HMI-System with integrated transmit and receive concept |
| EP1672385A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Production and processing plant with a transponder device |
| US8111640B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2012-02-07 | Knox Michael E | Antenna feed network for full duplex communication |
| US9780437B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2017-10-03 | Michael E. Knox | Antenna feed network for full duplex communication |
| US8077639B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-12-13 | Knox Michael E | High isolation signal routing assembly for full duplex communication |
| US9413414B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2016-08-09 | Mode-1 Corp. | High isolation signal routing assembly for full duplex communication |
| WO2013152588A1 (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Full-duplex wireless communication device, method and system |
| US9520908B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2016-12-13 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Full-duplex radio communication device, method and system |
| US10644394B2 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2020-05-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Technique for full duplex with single antenna |
| US10644763B1 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2020-05-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Technique for single antenna full duplex |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0031017D0 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| GB2372902B (en) | 2004-06-16 |
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