GB2372096A - Apparatus for determining skin types by detecting the light emitted to and then reflected from skin - Google Patents
Apparatus for determining skin types by detecting the light emitted to and then reflected from skin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2372096A GB2372096A GB0023599A GB0023599A GB2372096A GB 2372096 A GB2372096 A GB 2372096A GB 0023599 A GB0023599 A GB 0023599A GB 0023599 A GB0023599 A GB 0023599A GB 2372096 A GB2372096 A GB 2372096A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- light
- skin
- detector
- light emitting
- reflected light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000036555 skin type Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 tungsten halogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000006787 Port-Wine Stain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035617 depilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000216 vascular lesion Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J2003/1213—Filters in general, e.g. dichroic, band
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
- G01J3/501—Colorimeters using spectrally-selective light sources, e.g. LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
- G01J3/51—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors using colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/062—LED's
- G01N2201/0627—Use of several LED's for spectral resolution
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus determines human skin type by emitting light to the skin, and detecting the reflected light. The apparatus comprises a single or plurality of light source(s) (2, or 8, figure 2), filter(s) (4) to restrict the wavelengths incident to the skin, means for directing the light towards the skin, or light guides (1, figure 1), optical filters (5) for reflected light, and means for detecting the reflected light (3). The light source can be in the form of one or a plurality of gas discharge lamp(s), or tungsten filament lamp(s), or tungsten halogen lamp(s), or LEDs, or alternatively in the form of one or a plurality of laser diode(s). The optical filter(s) in front of the light source may be partly or totally removed. Similarly, optical filters placed in front of the detector(s) can be partly or totally removed from the light path towards the detector(s). The detector(s) of the reflected light can be one or a plurality of photodiode(s). Alternatively, one or a plurality of pyroelectric detector(s) or any other radiation detector may be used. There might be a lens or a system of lenses to focus the reflected light onto the detector(s). The constituent parts of apparatus can be used as a device on its own right or they can be incorporated into the delivery system of a larger dermatological treatment machine.
Description
NON-INVASIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING HUMAN PHOTODERMATOLOGICAL SKIN-TYPES FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining human skintype prior to dermatological treatment by laser or high intensity light apparatus. By illuminating the skin with a low intensity light source and measuring the skin's reflectivity at different wavelengths, skin-type can be determined. This allows the correct power or energy density of the treatment to be set.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Many dermatological conditions are treated by either laser light, or by incoherent light. As the intensity of the light in such treatments is high, situations in which a patient's skin can be burnt are likely. The threshold at which the skin bums is a function of its absorption coefficient at the wavelength or wavelengths of the treatment light. This absorption coefficient varies for different patients, making it difficult to set the correct light intensity for treatment. The determination of the absorption coefficient, or a relative parameter that varies with it allows the correct treatment level to be set. It is this parameter that is referred to herein as'skin-type'.
Conditions and treatment methods for which this invention is applicable include, but are not limited to, depilation by either laser or high intensity light sources. The treatment of vascular lesions by either laser or high intensity light sources. The treatment of port wine stains by either laser or high intensity light sources. The removal of tattoos by laser.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is concerned with providing an apparatus to determine patient skin type by the use of a light source or a plurality of light sources and a light
detector or a plurality of light detectors. Light emitted from the light source or light U L L sources is directed at the skin, and the reflected light is measured by the detectors,
The light source may be a gas discharge lamp, such as a photographic flashlamp, or CW arc lamp, which may have an optical filter to restrict the wavelengths of light incident upon the patients skin. The light source may equally be composed of a plurality of LEDs, the centre wavelengths of which are chosen to cover a spectral region of interest. The light source may equally be a tungsten filament or tungsten halogen lamp, which may have an optical filter to restrict the wavelengths of light incident upon the patient's skin.
The detector or iight detectors may be photodlodcs or PIN pho'Lodiodes o."aU types, to allow the wavelengths of interest to be detected. The light detector or light detectors may equally be pyroelectric type detectors An optical filter may be positioned in front each detector, each filter serving to restrict the wavelength range of the incident light upon each detector.
TYPICAL EMBODIMENTS OF THE ! NVENTION There are several typical embodiments of this device, all effective at determining the skin-type of a patient adequately prior to dermatological treatment with a laser or high intensity incoherent light source.
One such typical embodiment, is depicted in Fig. 1, it is composed of a gas discharge lamp 2, this lamp emitting light either as a pulse or continuously. The emitted light is filtered by an optical filter 4, which restricts the spectrum of light incident upon the skin 6 to wavelengths that are of interest in determining the skin type. It may also serve as a physical barrier between the lamp and the skin, and to eliminate any wavelengths emitted by the lamp that may be harmful to the patient.
The filtered light from the lamp is directed at the patient's skin 6. The light reflected
from the patient's skin is incident upon a set of n photodiodes 3, each with an optical filter in front of it 5, each filter transmitting a given wavelength region, such that the intensity of light in up to n different wavelength regions is determined. The number of photodiodes n is typically between 1 and 20, although it is not restricted to these values. The photodiodes may be of different types such as but not limited to Si,
InGaAs, InSb, GaP. The response of the photodiodes due to the light incident upon them is measured by appropriate electronics, and is processed to give an output, which is indicative of the patient's skin-type. In this embodiment, the filter 4 in front of the lamp may be removed, as the reflected light is filtered in front of the detector diodes. Equally, some or all of the detectors 3 may be pyroelectric detectors, or any other optical detector, as long as they facilitate the determination of the reflected light intensity in the wavelength region of interest.
Another such embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, is composed of a number of light emitting diodes (LEDs) 13. The light emitted from the LEDs is directed at the patient's skin 16. Each LED is turned on individually, and the reflected intensity is measured by means of a light detector 14, such as a photodiode. By having LEDs that emit at different wavelengths, the reflected intensity at different wavelengths is measured. This information is then processed to give an output which is indicative of the patient's skin-type. The number of LEDs, is typically between 1 and 20, although not limited to this range. Some or all of the LEDs 13 in this embodiment may be replaced with laser diodes.
The same embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, may incorporate more than one photodiode or optical detector 9 to increase the wavelength range over which the measurement is made. Some or all of the LEDs 8 in this embodiment may be replaced with laser diodes.
If desired, so as to increase the reflected light intensity incident upon the light detector or light detectors 18, an optical element such as a lens or lens system 19 may
be used to image or focus some of the reflected tight onto the detector or detectors.
This is depicted in Fig, 4. Other embodiments would include, but are not restricted to, the inclusion of all or any part of the previously described embodiments into the dermatological treatment equipment, such as the delivery system of the laser or light source.
Claims (1)
1. Apparatus for determining skin type of a patient prior to dermatological treatment with a laser or high intensity light source, said apparatus comprising, a light emitting source, filters to restrict the wavelengths of the source incident upon the skin, means for directing the light emitted onto the patients skin, optical filters for filtering the reflected light, means of detecting said light reflected from the patient's skin, means of using the detected light.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a gas discharge lamp.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a plurality of gas discharge lamps.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 where the light emitting source is a tungsten filament or tungsten halogen lamp.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 where the light emitting source is a plurality of tungsten filament or tungsten halogen lamps.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a light emitting diode (LED) 7. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a plurality of light emitting diodes.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a laser diode.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, where the light emitting source is a plurality of laser diodes.
10. The apparatus of any of claims 1-9 where an optica ! niter is placed in front of each light source for the purpose of restricting the wavelengths incident upon the patient's skin.
11. The apparatus of any of claims 1-9 where there is no optical filter placed in front of each light source.
12. The apparatus of either of claims 3,5, 7 or 9 where there are optical filters placed in front of some, but not all of the light sources.
a photodiodc. 14. The apparatus of any of claims 1-12 where the reflected light is detected by means of a plurality ofphotodiodes.
15. The apparatus of claims 1-12 where the reflected light detector is a pyroelectric detector 16. The apparatus of any ot claims 1-12 where the reflected light is detected by means of a plurality of pyroelectric detectors.
17. The apparatus of claims 1-12 where any optical radiation detector may be employed as a means of detecting the reflected light.
18. The apparatus of claims 1-12 where a plurality of any type of optical radiation detector may be employed as a means of detecting the reflected light.
19. Any preceding claim where an optical filter is placed in front of each detector, to restrict the wavelength range of the reflected light incident upon the detector
20. Any of claims 1-18 where there is no filter between the skin and the light detectors.
21. Any of claims 1-18 where there are filters in front of some but not all of the reflected light detectors.
22. The apparatus of any preceding claim where an optical element or elements such as a lens or system of lenses are used to focus or image some of the reflected light onto the detector or detectors.
23. The apparatus of any preceding claim, used in conjunction with the apparatus of any other claim or claims.
24. The apparatus of any preceding claim constituting a device in its own right.
25. The apparatus of any preceding claim when incorporated into the delivery system of a dermatological treatment machine.
26. The apparatus of any preceding claim when incorporated into any other device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0023599A GB2372096A (en) | 2000-09-27 | 2000-09-27 | Apparatus for determining skin types by detecting the light emitted to and then reflected from skin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0023599A GB2372096A (en) | 2000-09-27 | 2000-09-27 | Apparatus for determining skin types by detecting the light emitted to and then reflected from skin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0023599D0 GB0023599D0 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| GB2372096A true GB2372096A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
Family
ID=9900175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0023599A Withdrawn GB2372096A (en) | 2000-09-27 | 2000-09-27 | Apparatus for determining skin types by detecting the light emitted to and then reflected from skin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2372096A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103492859A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-01-01 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Substance determining apparatus |
| CN104825131A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2015-08-12 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | Skin condition evaluation apparatus and skin condition evaluation method using the same |
| US9375281B2 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2016-06-28 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Light application apparatus for applying light to an object |
| ES2604304A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-06 | Universidad De Málaga | Lighting device based on leds with automated dose control for photodiagnosis of cutaneous diseases related to light exposure, applications and related methods (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US9976950B2 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2018-05-22 | Aston University | Optical detector module, measurement system and method of detecting presence of a substance in a test material |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4749865A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1988-06-07 | Klaus Scheller | Apparatus for determining an optium sunscreen factor at any given time |
| GB2218802A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-11-22 | Glyn Alyn Edwards | An opto-electrical device |
| FR2708735A1 (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-10 | Routier Jean Denis Leon | Device making it possible to evaluate the effects of light on the skin and its application to detection of pathologies of the skin |
| JPH09164127A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-24 | Kao Corp | Method for evaluating light transmissivity of skin and apparatus therefor |
| US5747789A (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1998-05-05 | Dynamics Imaging, Inc. | Method for investigation of distribution of physiological components in human body tissues and apparatus for its realization |
| US5760407A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-06-02 | Elizabeth Arden Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Device for the identification of acne, microcomedones, and bacteria on human skin |
-
2000
- 2000-09-27 GB GB0023599A patent/GB2372096A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4749865A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1988-06-07 | Klaus Scheller | Apparatus for determining an optium sunscreen factor at any given time |
| GB2218802A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-11-22 | Glyn Alyn Edwards | An opto-electrical device |
| FR2708735A1 (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-10 | Routier Jean Denis Leon | Device making it possible to evaluate the effects of light on the skin and its application to detection of pathologies of the skin |
| US5747789A (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1998-05-05 | Dynamics Imaging, Inc. | Method for investigation of distribution of physiological components in human body tissues and apparatus for its realization |
| JPH09164127A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-24 | Kao Corp | Method for evaluating light transmissivity of skin and apparatus therefor |
| US5760407A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-06-02 | Elizabeth Arden Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Device for the identification of acne, microcomedones, and bacteria on human skin |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9375281B2 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2016-06-28 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Light application apparatus for applying light to an object |
| CN103492859A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-01-01 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Substance determining apparatus |
| CN104825131A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2015-08-12 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | Skin condition evaluation apparatus and skin condition evaluation method using the same |
| US9976950B2 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2018-05-22 | Aston University | Optical detector module, measurement system and method of detecting presence of a substance in a test material |
| ES2604304A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-06 | Universidad De Málaga | Lighting device based on leds with automated dose control for photodiagnosis of cutaneous diseases related to light exposure, applications and related methods (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0023599D0 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |