GB2355032A - Process for the recovery and disposal of waste from the seabed - Google Patents
Process for the recovery and disposal of waste from the seabed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2355032A GB2355032A GB9923694A GB9923694A GB2355032A GB 2355032 A GB2355032 A GB 2355032A GB 9923694 A GB9923694 A GB 9923694A GB 9923694 A GB9923694 A GB 9923694A GB 2355032 A GB2355032 A GB 2355032A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- seabed
- waste
- sea
- drill cuttings
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 drilling cuttings Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010951 particle size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/006—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes adapted for working ground under water not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
- E21B41/0057—Disposal of a fluid by injection into a subterranean formation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The process includes collecting waste, including drilling cuttings, scrap metal and other large objects, from the seabed and during an initial separating stage sorting the small sized waste from the other large waste. The small sized waste is transported to a separation plant where the excess water is removed and cleaned before being returned to the sea and the coarse metal particles are separated from the drill cuttings which are converted to a slurry and injected into a formation.
Description
2355032 I PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE FROM THE 2 SEABED
3 4 The invention relates to a process for recovering and disposing of large quantities of 5 waste material, including drilling waste, which has accumulated on the seabed around 6 and beneath offshore oil and gas production structures. 7 8 Over the lifetime of an offshore oil or gas production structure, but particularly during 9 the initial construction and drilling phases, a large amount of waste material and debris lo is dropped or dumped from the structure onto the seabed within the footprint of the I I structure or in the immediate vicinity. Such material is likely to include large 12 quantities of scaffolding components, steel scrap and welding debris, and large items 13 accidentally lost during construction. During drilling it was formally routine 14 procedure to dump the rock chippings that are produced when drilling subterranean 15 wells, known as drill cuttings, into the sea below. Such drill cuttings may be 16 contaminated with hydrocarbons and chemicals which are now considered to adversely 17 affect the environment. It is currently estimated that the total weight of drill cuttings 18 beneath oil and gas production structure in the UK sector of the North Sea is in the 19 order of 600,000 tonnes. As existing structures reach the end of their useful life 20 increased environmental awareness has resulted in a requirement to remove such 21 structures from the seabed and to clear debris from the area. 22 23 Typically the waste accumulation extends over the lower portion of the structure and 24 such waste must be removed to facilitate removal of the structure at or below the 25 seabed, whether or not there is a requirement for seabed remediation in the general 26 area. Because the drill cuttings are likely to be contaminated with oil and/or noxious 27 chemicals resulting from residue'coating of drilling fluids it is necessary to prevent or 28 minimise the release of such contaminants while removing the debris. 29 3o A particular problem with the removal of the debris is the need to separate the different 31 types of waste for appropriate processing, and in particular the need to separate the 32 drill cuttings from the scrap metal on the seabed in order that safe and efficient 33 transportation to further apparatus above the surface of the sea can be achieved, 2 i preferably on a continuous basis. Separation is made more difficult by the effect of 2 corrosion on the steel waste, resulting in a complex semi- cohesive structure of steel 3 through and over which the drill cuttings have permeated. 4 5 Those skilled in the art will recognise that previous inventions describing a method for 6 the removal of piles of drill cuttings from around and beneath an oil or gas production 7 structure by means of pumps alone, for example British Patent No. GB 2,305,197, are 8 only capable of removing the surface layer of drill cuttings before encountering scrap 9 waste that prevents further removal. 10 I I In accordance with the present invention, a process for removing and disposing of 12 waste from the seabed comprises a means for collecting the debris from its location 13 around and beneath the structure; a means of separating the drill cuttings from the 14 scrap metal and other large objects; a means of transporting the drill cuttings to a 15 separation plant; a means of separating and cleaning excess water; a means of 16 removing coarse metal particles from the drill cuttings. The individual types of waste 17 may then be disposed of in a manner appropriate to the environmental requirements. 18 The equipment on the seabed that captures and separates the debris includes a means 19 by which fine particles and contaminants that might be disturbed when the waste is 20 moved are contained and separated from the surrounding water. 21 22 Preferably the waste is converted into a slurry containing the drill cuttings and 23 contaminated liquid, and disposed of by injection into a disposal borehole. 24 25 Preferably the process includes apparatus to reduce the scrap metal to a convenient size 26 for handling and transportation. 27 28 Preferably the process includes apparatus on the seabed to reduce the particle size of 29 the drill cuttings and fine debris to a size appropriate for transportation in suspension 30 or as a slurry which can be pumped to treatment apparatus above the surface of the sea. 31 32 Preferably the seabed apparatus is mobile. 33 3 I Preferably the operation of the seabed apparatus will be controlled by personnel 2 located above the surface of the sea.
3 4 Preferably a system is included to communicate the location and configuration of the 5 seabed apparatus and the location of the oil or gas production structure to operating 6 personnel located above the surface of the sea.
7 8 Preferably a system is included to identify large items of waste on the seabed in order 9 that the operating personnel located above the surface of the sea may deal with such 10 items in an appropriate manner.
11 12 Preferably the seabed apparatus includes an articulated arm incorporating cutting and i ') gripping devices.
14 Previous references to "above the surface of the sea" may include a ship or floating 16 marine vessel, a semi-submersible marine vessel, or any part of the oil or gas 17 production structure which is above the surface of the sea.
18 19 An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:- 21 22 FIGURE I is a block diagram illustrating the process in accordance with a first 23 embodiment of the present invention.
24 FIGURE 2 is a block diagram illustrating the process in accordance with a 26 second embodiment of the present invention.
27 28 Figure I shows the seabed apparatus delineated by box 50 and the apparatus mounted 29 on the surface of the sea delineated by the box 60. The collection apparatus I feeds the 30 waste material (not shown) to the transport apparatus 2, which may for example be an 31 articulated belt conveyor. The transport apparatus 2 carries the waste to the primary 32 separation apparatus 3 which separates the drill cuttings and fine scrap particles from 33 the larger scrap items. The primary separation apparatus 3 may for example be a 4 1 trommel, vibrating screen, or similar apparatus. The collection apparatus 1, transport 2 apparatus 2, and primary separation apparatus 3 are surrounded by a particle 3 containment screen 4 incorporating an aperture 5 adjacent to the collecting apparatus 1 4 to permit ingress of waste to the system. A pumping apparatus 6 draws potentially 5 contaminated seawater from within the particle containment screen 4 through a 6 separation system 7 which removes contaminants from the seawater. The clean 7 seawater is then discharged into the sea 8. The potentially contaminated seawater that 8 is drawn from within the particle containment screen 4 is replaced by a flow of 9 seawater 9 entering through the aperture 5 adjacent to the collection apparatus. This 10 flow 9 carries particles disturbed during collection of the waste from the seabed into I I the system, preventing their release into the surrounding sea. 12 13 The scrap is discharged from the primary separation apparatus 3 into a container or 14 containers 10 for recovery to the surface of the sea by lifting with a suitable device. 15 The scrap is discharged from t he container or containers 10 to a stockpile 21 for 16 appropriate disposal. The drill cuttings and fine particles are discharged from the 17 primary separation apparatus 3 by means of a conduit I I to pumping apparatus 12 for 18 transport through a flexible conduit 13 to the water separating apparatus 14 located 19 above the surface of the sea. 20 21 The water separating apparatus 14 removes most of the fluid from the drill cuttings and 22 fine scrap particles, and may for example be a vibrating screen. The separated fluid is 23 transported through a conduit 15 to the water cleaning apparatus 16. An example of a 24 suitable water cleaning apparatus 16 is a hydrocyclone, product name Oilspin AV, 25 offered by Serck Baker of Gloucester in the United Kingdom. Clean seawater is 26 returned to the sea through a discharge conduit 17. Contaminated liquid from the 27 water cleaning apparatus 16 is transported through a conduit 18 to a holding tank 19 28 for appropriate disposal. 29 30 The drill cuttings and fine scrap particles are discharged from the water separation 31 apparatus 14 into the metal separation apparatus 20. The fine scrap particles are 32 discharged from the metal separation apparatus to a stockpile 21 for appropriate i disposal. The drill cuttings are discharged from the metal separation apparatus 20 to a 2 stockpile 22 for appropriate disposal.
3 4 Figure 2 shows the seabed apparatus delineated by box 50 and the apparatus mounted 5 on the surface of the sea delineated by the box 60. The seabed apparatus 50 is capable 6 of movement across the seabed. A system is incorporated to communicate the location 7 and configuration of the seabed apparatus 50 and the location of the oil or gas 8 production structure to operating personnel located above the surface of the sea. The 9 operation of the seabed apparatus 50 is controlled by operating personnel on the to surface of the sea by means of a remote control system.
11 12 The collection apparatus 1 feeds the waste material (not shown) to the transport 13 apparatus 2, which may for example be an articulated belt conveyor. A system is 14 incorporated to identify large items of waste on the seabed in order that the operating 15 personnel located above the surface of the sea may deal with such items in an 16 appropriate manner. The collection apparatus includes an articulated arm incorporating 17 cutting and gripping devices for handling and, or, dismantling large items of scrap 18 which are too large for the subsequent processing apparatus.
19 The transport apparatus 2 carries the waste to the primary separation apparatus 3 which 21 separates the drill cuttings and fine scrap particles from the larger scrap items. The 22 primary separation apparatus 3 may for example be a trommel, vibrating screen, or 23 similar apparatus.
24 The scrap is discharged from the primary separation apparatus 3 into size reduction 26 apparatus 31 for processing the scrap into pieces more suited to efficient transportation 27 and subsequent recycling, for example the pieces might be no larger than 200mm in 28 any one dimension. The processed scrap from the size reduction apparatus 31 is 29 discharged into a container or containers 10 for recovery to the surface of the sea by 30 lifting with a suitable device. The scrap is discharged from the container or containers 31 10 to a stockpile 21 for appropriate disposal. The drill cuttings and fine particles are 32 discharged from the primary separation apparatus 3 into particle size reduction 33 apparatus 32 where the material is reduced to a size appropriate for transportation in 6 1 suspension or as a slurry. An example of a suitable size reduction apparatus 32 is a 2 WAG Mill (trade mark), offered by QED Sales Ltd of the United Kingdom. The drill 3 cuttings and fine particles are transported from the size reduction apparatus 32 by 4 means of a flexible conduit I I to pumping apparatus 12 for transport through a flexible 5 conduit 13 to the water separating apparatus 14 located above the surface of the sea.
6 7 The collection apparatus 1, transport apparatus 2, primary separation apparatus 3, and 8 size reduction apparatus 32 are surrounded by a particle containment screen 4 9 incorporating an aperture 5 adjacent to the collecting apparatus I to permit ingress of waste to the system. A pumping apparatus 6 draws potentially contaminated seawater I I from within the particle containment screen 4 through a separation system 7 which 12 removes contaminants from the seawater. The clean seawater is then discharged into 13 the sea 8. The potentially contaminated seawater that is drawn from within the particle 14 containment screen 4 is replaced by a flow of seawater 9 entering through the aperture 5 adjacent to the collection apparatus. This flow 9 carries particles disturbed during 16 collection of the waste from the seabed into the system, preventing their release into 17 the surrounding sea.
18 19 The water separating apparatus 14 removes most of the fluid from the drill cuttings and 20 fine scrap particles, and may for example be a vibrating screen. The separated fluid is 21 transported through a conduit 15 to the water cleaning apparatus 16. An example of a 22 suitable water cleaning apparatus 16 is a hydrocyclone, product name Oilspin AV, 23 offered by Serck Baker of Gloucester in the United Kingdom. Clean seawater is 24 returned to the sea through a discharge conduit 17. Contaminated liquid from the 25 water cleaning apparatus 16 is transported through a conduit 18 to the drill cuttings 26 injection system 35.
27 28 The drill cuttings and fine scrap particles are discharged from the water separation 29 apparatus 16 into the metal separation apparatus 20. The fine scrap is discharged from 30 the metal separation apparatus to a stockpile 21 for appropriate disposal. The drill 31 cuttings are discharged from the metal separation apparatus 20 to the drill cuttings 32 injection system 35. An example of a suitable drill cuttings injection system 35 is the 33 Procut, offered by Procon Engineering Services a/s in Norway. The drill cuttings 7 1 injection system 35 produces a homogeneous slurry from the drill cuttings and 2 contaminated liquid, and injects the slurry into a suitable geological formation 3 underground by means of a borehole from the oil or gas production structure.
4
Claims (9)
- I CLAIMS2 3 1 A process for removing and disposing of waste from the seabed comprising a 4 means for collecting the debris from its location around and beneath the structure; a means of separating the drill cuttings from the scrap metal and other large objects; a 6 means of transporting the drill cuttings to a separation plant; a means of separating and 7 cleaning excess water; a means of removing coarse metal particles from the drill 8 cuttings; a means by which fine particles and contaminants that might be disturbed 9 when the waste is moved on the seabed are contained and separated from the surrounding water.11 12
- 2. A process as claimed in Claim I where the drill cuttings and contaminated 13 liquid waste are converted into a concentrated slurry and disposed of by injection into 14 a disposal borehole.16
- 3. A process as claimed in Claim I or Claim 2 where the process includes 17 apparatus to reduce the scrap metal to a convenient size for handling and 18 transportation.19
- 4. A process according to any of the preceding claims which includes apparatus 21 on the seabed to reduce the particle size of the drill cuttings and fine debris to a size 22 appropriate for transportation in suspension or as a slurry which can be pumped to 23 treatment apparatus above the surface of the sea.24
- 5. A process according to any of the preceding claims in which the seabed 26 apparatus is mobile.27 28
- 6. A process according to any of the preceding claims in which the operation of 29 the seabed apparatus will be controlled by personnel located above the surface of the sea.32
- 7. A process according to any of the preceding claims which includes a system to 33 communicate the location and configuration of the seabed apparatus and the location of the oil or gas production structure to operating personnel located above the surface 2 of the sea.3 4
- 8. A process according to any of the preceding claims which includes a system to identify large items of waste on the seabed in order that the operating personnel 6 located above the surface of the sea may deal with such items in an appropriate 7 manner.8 9
- 9. A process according to any of the preceding claims where the seabed apparatus includes an articulated arm incorporating cutting and gripping devices.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9923694A GB2355032B (en) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | System for the recovery and disposal of waste from the seabed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9923694A GB2355032B (en) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | System for the recovery and disposal of waste from the seabed |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9923694D0 GB9923694D0 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
| GB2355032A true GB2355032A (en) | 2001-04-11 |
| GB2355032B GB2355032B (en) | 2003-12-03 |
Family
ID=10862266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9923694A Expired - Fee Related GB2355032B (en) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | System for the recovery and disposal of waste from the seabed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2355032B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5431236A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1995-07-11 | Warren; Jasper N. | Method for processing solid material for disposal in an underground porous formation |
| GB2305197A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-04-02 | Murray Ian Engineering Ltd | A method of disposing of drill cuttings |
| US5734988A (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1998-03-31 | Alexander; Albert H. D. | Method and apparatus for the injection disposal of solid and liquid waste materials into subpressured earth formations penetrated by a borehole |
| GB2327442A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-27 | Jeffrey Reddoch | Modular system and method for processing and injecting oil and gas drill cuttings |
-
1999
- 1999-10-07 GB GB9923694A patent/GB2355032B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5431236A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1995-07-11 | Warren; Jasper N. | Method for processing solid material for disposal in an underground porous formation |
| US5734988A (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1998-03-31 | Alexander; Albert H. D. | Method and apparatus for the injection disposal of solid and liquid waste materials into subpressured earth formations penetrated by a borehole |
| GB2305197A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-04-02 | Murray Ian Engineering Ltd | A method of disposing of drill cuttings |
| GB2327442A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-27 | Jeffrey Reddoch | Modular system and method for processing and injecting oil and gas drill cuttings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2355032B (en) | 2003-12-03 |
| GB9923694D0 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20081007 |