GB2332493A - Tube with helical reinforcement - Google Patents

Tube with helical reinforcement Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2332493A
GB2332493A GB9824930A GB9824930A GB2332493A GB 2332493 A GB2332493 A GB 2332493A GB 9824930 A GB9824930 A GB 9824930A GB 9824930 A GB9824930 A GB 9824930A GB 2332493 A GB2332493 A GB 2332493A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
tube
reinforcement element
filament
canted
reinforcement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9824930A
Other versions
GB2332493B (en
GB9824930D0 (en
Inventor
Eric Pagan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smiths Group PLC
Original Assignee
Smiths Group PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smiths Group PLC filed Critical Smiths Group PLC
Publication of GB9824930D0 publication Critical patent/GB9824930D0/en
Publication of GB2332493A publication Critical patent/GB2332493A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2332493B publication Critical patent/GB2332493B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0009—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes
    • A61M25/0012—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes with embedded structures, e.g. coils, braids, meshes, strands or radiopaque coils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0425—Metal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
    • A61M25/005—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with embedded materials for reinforcement, e.g. wires, coils, braids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0475—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube
    • A61M16/0477—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube with incorporated means for delivering or removing fluids
    • A61M16/0484—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube with incorporated means for delivering or removing fluids at the distal end
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride

Abstract

The tube, e.g. endotracheal, cardiology, urology or enteral feeding catheter, or industrial has a wall e.g. of PVC and a reinforcement filament 10 of a harder plastics wound with a canted helical form so that adjacent turns of the filament slope at angles of 70‹ and 80‹ respectively in the plane of curvature of the tube. The filament 10, of rectangular or circular section, is of polyester, nylon, polythene, polypropylene or metal. The tube is made by extruding the base tube, winding the reinforcement 10 around the outside and then a further coating of PVC, polyurethane or TPE is applied e.g. by dip moulding.

Description

1 2332493 TUBES This invention relates to tubes.
The invention is more particularly concerned with reinforced tubes, such as for medical or surgical use.
It is known for medical tubes to be reinforced by the inclusion of a helical reinforcing element. Such a helical reinforcing element helps reduce the risk that the tube will be occluded by lateral forces and thereby enables the tube to have a thinner wall. Although such a reinforcing element increases crush resistance, compared with an unreinforced tube, the reinforced tube is still susceptible to crushing where a lateral force is exerted in a region narrower than the pitch of the reinforcing element. The tube is also still susceptible to kinking if the tube is bent around a small radius. Examples of reinforced tubes and their manufacture are described in GB204-33201 and GB 2 -3 3 2109 5... 1 1. - It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved reinforced tube.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a tube having first and second ends and a bore extending therethrough for the passage of fluid along the tube, the wall of the tube including a reinforcing element of a canted helix form.
2 Adjacent turns of the reinforcement element preferably slope in the same sense when viewed in elevation, such as at angles of 70' and 80" respectively. The tube is preferably curved along its length, the reinforcement element being canted in the plane of curvature of the tube. The reinforcement element may have a rectangular section. The wall of the tube may be of a first plastics, such as PVC, and the reinforcement element may be of a second plastics, such as polyester or nylon, different from the first.
The tube may be a medico-surgical tube such as an endotracheal tube in which the first end is adapted for location in the trachea and the second end is adapted to extend from the mouth of the patient.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a I method of making a reinforced tube including the steps of forming a base tube, wrapping around the base tube a reinforcement filament in a canted helical fashion by C, longitudinally oscillating a shuttle as the filament is wrapped, and applying an outer layer of material over the filament.
The base tube is preferably made by extrusion.
An endotracheal tube according to the present invention, will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
n J Figure 1 is a side elevation view of the tube; Figure 2 is a side elevation view of a part of the tube to a greater scale; and Figures 33 and 4 are side elevation views illustrating the effect of lateral forces applied to the tube.
With reference first to Figures 1 and 2, the endotracheal tube is of PVC, having a circular section with an external diameter between about 3) mm and 12 mm, and a wall thickness between about 1 mm and 2.5 mm. The tube is typically about 300 mm long and is curved along its length with a radius of curvature of about 140mm. The patient end 1 of the tube is bevelled to one side and has a Murphy eye 2 of conventional kind. The machine end 3 of the tube is fitted on a male fitting at one end of a connector 4, the other end of which is shaped to receive a mating coupling, such as connected to a patient ventilation circuit (not shown). The tube may have an inflatable cuff (not shown) close to its patient connected via an inflation lumen to a pilot balloon and connector. As so far described, the tube is conventional.
The tube includes a reinforcing element 10 extending from a location just rearwardly of the Murphy eye 2 to a location just forwardly of the machine end 3. The reinforcing element 10 is a polyester or nylon filament of rectangular section and about 0.25 mm thick wound into a canted helical path. Alternatively, the filament could have a circular section, although the rectangular section helps reduce the wall 4 thickness. The filament could be made of other materials, such as metal, polyester, nylon, Kevlar, polythene or polypropylene. The difference between a canted helix and a conventional helix is illustrated in Figure 2 where the conventional helix is shown as a broken line 10' and the canted helix reinforcement filament 10 is shown as a full line. When viewed in elevation, a conventional helix has a sawtooth appearance, with opposite slopes of each tooth having equal and opposite angles. By contrast, a canted helix viewed in elevation, in the canted plane, has the two slopes of each tooth at different angles, one being steeper than the other. In effect, the canted helix is shaped as if one side of a conventional helix has been pushed longitudinally relative to the other side. In particular, in the present invention, the canted helix preferably has one slope canted in the same sense as the other slope at an angle close to vertical. Typically the slope angles of the two slopes might be 70' and 80'.
One advantage of the canted helix filament 10 can be seen when the effect of a lateral force on the tube is considered, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. If a lateral force were exerted over a length of the tube corresponding to several pitches of the reinforcement element, as shown in FiEure 3), a high force would be required to compress the tube because one slope of the element is almost vertical to the applied force. If the lateral force were, instead, exerted over a short length of the tube less than the pitch of the reinforcement element 10, as shown in Figure 4, the effect would be to compress adjacent turns of the element towards one another. This has the effect of increasing the strength of the tube as the turns of the reinforcement element 10 are compressed closer towards one another. Such a localized force might be applied, for example, by teeth biting the tube. With a conventional helical reinforcement, a localized force of this kind would just separate the turns of the reinforcement. The canted reinforcement element 10 thereby gives the tube a greater resistance to crushing in the canted plane than a tube with a conventional helical reinforcement element.
The reinforcement element 10 is canted in the plane of curvature of the tube, that is, the turns of the reinforcement element along the outside curvature of the tube are displaced longitudinally relative to the turns along the inside curvature. This ensures that the tube has the greatest resistance to crushing from lateral forces in the plane of curvature, which is where the majority of forces, such as from a teeth bite, will be experienced in an endotracheal tube.
VVhen a tube is bent, there is a zone of compression on the inside of the bend and a zone of extension on the outside of the bend. With the tube of the present invention, there will be a greater number of turns of filament located in a compression/extension zone of given length, than in a conventional tube, so the energy produced on bending will be diverted more efficiently, with less risk of kinking. This reduced risk of kinking applies in all planes, but especially in the canted plane.
The tube is made by extruding a base tube of PVC and then winding the reinforcement filament around the outside of this in a canted helix fashion, by means of a shuttle that oscillates longitudinally as the filament is wrapped around the tube.
C:Y The reinforcing filament is then retained on the base tube by a ftirther extrusion such 6 as of PVC, polyurethane, or TPE, or by a coating, such as applied by dip moulding. Each tube may be made individually, with unreinforced portions left at opposite ends of the tube. Alternatively, a continuous length of tubing may be reinforced, which is then cut to length, the reinforcement element being removed ftom the end portions. In some tubes it may be unnecessary to have unreinforced end portions.
The invention is applicable to other tubes with a passage for conveying fluid. These may be medical tubes, such as, for example, cardiology catheters, urology catheters and enteral feeding catheters, or tubes for other applications such as t industrial hoses.
7

Claims (14)

  1. A tube havin first and second ends and a bore extending therethrough for the passage 9 C of fluid along the tube, wherein the wall of the tube includes a reinforcing element of a canted helix form.
  2. 2. A tube according to Claim 1, wherein adjacent turns of the reinforcement element slope in the same sense when viewed in elevation.
  3. A tube according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein adjacent turns of the reinforcement element slope at angles of substantially 70' and 80' respectively.
  4. 4.
    A tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tube is curved along its length and wherein the reinforcement element is canted in the plane of curvature of I the tube.
  5. 5. A tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement element has a rectangular section.
    8
  6. 6. A tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wall of the tube is of a first plastics and the reinforcement element is of a second plastics different from the first.
  7. 7. A tube according to Claim 6, wherein the wall of the tube is of PVC and the reinforcement element is of polyester or nylon.
  8. 8. A medico-surgical tube according to any one of the preceding claims.
    0 -
  9. 9. An endotracheal tube according to Claim 8, wherein the first end is adapted for location in the trachea and the second end is adapted to extend from the mouth of the patient.
  10. 10. An endotracheal tube substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Z C
  11. 11. A method of making a reinforced tube including the steps of forming a base tube, wrapping around the base tube a reinforcement filament in a canted helical fashion by longitudinally oscillating a shuttle as the filament is wrapped, and applying an outer layer of material over the filam ent.
    9
  12. 12. A method according to Claim 11, wherein the base tube is made by extrusion.
  13. 13. A method of making a reinforced tube substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  14. 14. Any novel and inventive feature as hereinbefore described.
GB9824930A 1997-12-20 1998-11-13 Tubes Expired - Fee Related GB2332493B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9726820.5A GB9726820D0 (en) 1997-12-20 1997-12-20 Tubes

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9824930D0 GB9824930D0 (en) 1999-01-06
GB2332493A true GB2332493A (en) 1999-06-23
GB2332493B GB2332493B (en) 2002-09-18

Family

ID=10823867

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB9726820.5A Ceased GB9726820D0 (en) 1997-12-20 1997-12-20 Tubes
GB9824930A Expired - Fee Related GB2332493B (en) 1997-12-20 1998-11-13 Tubes

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB9726820.5A Ceased GB9726820D0 (en) 1997-12-20 1997-12-20 Tubes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6148818A (en)
JP (1) JPH11244389A (en)
DE (1) DE19854585A1 (en)
GB (2) GB9726820D0 (en)

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US7438711B2 (en) 1999-07-19 2008-10-21 I-Flow Corporation Catheter for uniform delivery of medication
US7547302B2 (en) 1999-07-19 2009-06-16 I-Flow Corporation Anti-microbial catheter
US7569045B2 (en) 1999-07-19 2009-08-04 I-Flow Corporation Catheter for uniform delivery of medication
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CN104043172A (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 成都嘉逸科技有限公司 Trachea cannula with memory alloy tent
CN104043170A (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 成都嘉逸科技有限公司 Anti-occlusion trachea cannula
WO2014163110A2 (en) * 2013-04-02 2014-10-09 セブン ドリーマーズ ラボラトリーズ，インコーポレイテッド Nasal intubation tube
GB201401929D0 (en) * 2014-02-05 2014-03-19 Smiths Medical Int Ltd Tracheostimy tube assemblies and inner cannilae
HUE044648T2 (en) 2014-05-21 2019-11-28 Dentsply Ih Ab Reinforced urinary catheter
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JPH11244389A (en) 1999-09-14
GB2332493B (en) 2002-09-18
DE19854585A1 (en) 1999-06-24
US6148818A (en) 2000-11-21
GB9726820D0 (en) 1998-02-18
GB9824930D0 (en) 1999-01-06

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