GB2320056A - I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating - Google Patents

I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2320056A
GB2320056A GB9625459A GB9625459A GB2320056A GB 2320056 A GB2320056 A GB 2320056A GB 9625459 A GB9625459 A GB 9625459A GB 9625459 A GB9625459 A GB 9625459A GB 2320056 A GB2320056 A GB 2320056A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
engine
blower
exhaust
gases
egr
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9625459A
Other versions
GB9625459D0 (en
Inventor
Thomas Tsoi-Hei Ma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Motor Co
Original Assignee
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Motor Co
Priority to GB9625459A priority Critical patent/GB2320056A/en
Publication of GB9625459D0 publication Critical patent/GB9625459D0/en
Publication of GB2320056A publication Critical patent/GB2320056A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/005—Exhaust driven pumps being combined with an exhaust driven auxiliary apparatus, e.g. a ventilator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
    • F02B47/08—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only the substances including exhaust gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/34—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with compressors, turbines or the like in the recirculation passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/36—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for adding fluids other than exhaust gas to the recirculation passage; with reformers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/42—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders
    • F02M26/44—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders in which a main EGR passage is branched into multiple passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/71—Multi-way valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

An i.c. engine 16 has an intake system 12, and an exhaust system 18, 20. Blower 30 may be mechanically or electrically driven through pulley 28; or through an exhaust gas turbine, which may be part of a turbocharger. The blower draws exhaust gases in through pipe 38, and pumps them into the intake 12 through pipe 24 and valve 26 for recirculation. The blower can also circulate the gases through a closed loop 32, 34, with restriction 36, before they reach the intake. This can cool the gases to reduce NO x emission, or can heat them to improve the ignition stability of the engine. In the latter case, pipe 34 adjoins the exhaust manifold, and additional fuel is injected at 42 through pipe 40 to form partial oxidation products. This system allows an increased proportion of EGR under high load conditions, when the pressure difference between manifolds is low.

Description

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system connected between the exhaust system and the intake system.
According to the present invention, there is provided an internal combustion engine having an intake system, an exhaust system, and a blower connected to draw exhaust gases from the exhaust system and to supply the gases to the intake system for recirculation through the engine.
The blower may conveniently be driven by a turbine driven by the engine exhaust gases. This is advantageous in that waste energy is used to drive the blower and its presence does not add to the fuel consumption of the engine.
The turbine can drive more than one blower so that, for example, it may drive a blower section used to turbocharge the intake system and/or a blower section used to cause circulation of the exhaust gases in the exhaust system.
The blower can be used to provide forced exhaust gas recirculation to allow a higher proportion of EGR to be achieved under high load operating conditions. Under high load, NOx concentration in the exhaust gases can be reduced by increasing the proportion of EGR gases introduced into the intake system and the higher EGR proportion does not affect combustion stability. However, in a conventional engine in which the proportion of EGR is dictated by the pressures in the intake and exhaust manifold, the intake system does not receive the optimum proportion of EGR gases.
The provision of a blower for forcing exhaust gases into the intake system enables the EGR proportion to be determined independently of the prevailing manifold pressures.
In addition to driving gases from the exhaust system to the intake system, the blower may be used to circulate gases in a closed loop before they reach the intake system. This increases the residence time of the EGR gases in the EGR pipe thereby allowing the temperature of the EGR gases to be modified before they enter the intake system. The closed loop may either be exposed to the ambient atmosphere to allow heat to be dissipated from the exhaust gases before they reach the intake system, or a length of the circulation loop may be kept in intimate contact with the exhaust system to allow the exhaust gases to be heated while they are circulated.
The use of cooling in the circulation loop is desirable from the point of view of reducing NOx emissions. On the other hand, heating of the gases in the circulation loop is desirable in a lean burn engine in which some fuel is introduced into the EGR gases. In a lean burn engine, the EGR gases always contain a surplus of oxygen and introducing fuel into the EGR gases results in the formation of partial oxidation products which improve the ignition stability.
Partial oxidation of the fuel requires heat and time and this can be achieved in the present invention by circulating the EGR gases around the point where fuel is introduced and heating the EGR gases in the circulation loop.
The invention will now be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the single figure is a schematic representation of a an engine of the invention fitted with an EGR system connected between the exhaust system and the intake system.
An internal combustion engine 16 has an intake system that includes an intake manifold 12 with a main throttle 10.
The engine also has an exhaust system that includes an exhaust manifold 18 and a downpipe 20 leading to a catalytic converter. An EGR pipe 22, 24 is connected between the exhaust manifold 18 and the intake manifold 12 and includes an EGR valve 26. A blower 30 that is driven by a pulley 28 is connected by a first auxiliary pipe 38 to the EGR pipe 22 and a second auxiliary pipe 32 to the EGR pipe 24. The EGR pipes 22 and 24 are also connected to one another by a circulation pipe 34 that contains a flow restrictor 36. Fuel can be injected by means of a fuel injector 42 to a branch pipe 40 that leads into the second auxiliary pipe 32.
The pulley 28 is illustrated as an example of a means for driving the blower 30 and torque can be applied to the pulley 28 by any suitable means such as an electric motor or a mechanical drive. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the blower 30 is directly driven by an engine exhaust gas turbine which uses only waste energy from the exhaust gases. The turbine can drive several blowers one of which is the blower 30.
A first advantage of providing a blower 30 in the manner described above is that it allows a greater proportion of EGR to be achieved at times when the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake manifolds is low.
Thus under moderately high engine loads it is desirable to provide a substantial proportion of EGR but this cannot be achieved conventionally even if the EGR valve 26 is fully open on account of the low pressure difference. In the present invention, the blower 30 serves to boost this pressure difference.
The circulation pipe 34 connected in parallel with the blower 30 would tend to counteract the pressure effect and it is for this reason that a restrictor 36 is placed in the circulation pipe 34 to create a pressure differential across the blower 30.
The purpose of the circulation pipe 34 under all conditions is that the EGR gases are passed several time around the loop 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 to allow time for the gases to gain or loss heat through the walls of the loop.
The cooling of the EGR gases is beneficial in order to reduce the production of NOx. In this case the circulation pipe 34 is thermally isolated from the exhaust manifold 18 so that the EGR gases can be cooled as they circulate around the loop.
The heating of the EGR gases, on the other hand, can be used to advantage when the engine is a lean burn engine and when some fuel is introduced through the injector 42 into the circulating EGR gases. In a lean burn engine there is always present a surplus of oxygen in the exhaust gases. If fuel is introduced into the EGR gases by means of the fuel injector 42 it will react with the oxygen to form partial oxidation products provided that the temperature is sufficiently high and enough time is allowed. Such products when drawn into the intake manifold and mixed with the intake charge are beneficial for improving the ignition stability of the engine. In this case, the circulation pipe 34 is arranged to be in intimate thermal contact with the exhaust manifold 18 so that the EGR gases containing fuel are heated by the exhaust manifold 18 as they circulate around the loop.

Claims (8)

1. An internal combustion engine having an intake system, an exhaust system, and a blower connected to draw exhaust gases from the exhaust system and to supply the gases to the intake system for recirculation through the engine.
2. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blower is driven by an engine exhaust gas turbine.
3. An engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the turbine is connected to drive at least one additional blower for turbocharging the intake system or for causing circulation of the exhaust gases in the exhaust system.
4. An engine as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the blower is operative to provide forced exhaust gas recirculation to allow a higher proportion of EGR to be achieved under high load operating conditions.
5. An engine as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the blower is connected to circulate EGR gases in a closed loop before they reach the intake system.
6. An engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circulation loop is exposed to ambient atmosphere to allow cooling of the circulating EGR gases.
7. An engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circulating exhaust gases contain oxygen, means are provided for injecting fuel into the circulation loop and a section of the circulation loop is in thermal contact with the exhaust pipe to heat the circulated exhaust gases and fuel to promote the formation of partial oxidation products.
8. An internal combustion engine constructed, arranged and adapted to operate substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB9625459A 1996-12-07 1996-12-07 I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating Withdrawn GB2320056A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9625459A GB2320056A (en) 1996-12-07 1996-12-07 I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9625459A GB2320056A (en) 1996-12-07 1996-12-07 I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9625459D0 GB9625459D0 (en) 1997-01-22
GB2320056A true GB2320056A (en) 1998-06-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9625459A Withdrawn GB2320056A (en) 1996-12-07 1996-12-07 I.c. engine EGR system has blower, and internal recirculation for cooling or heating

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002095210A1 (en) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-28 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Method for fuel injection in a combustion engine and combustion engine
WO2010003664A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Self-igniting internal combustion engine with ether fumigation of the combustion air for vehicles and a method for ether fumigation of the combustion air in a self-igniting internal combustion engine for vehicles
JP2011157959A (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-18 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland Large two-cycle diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3861367A (en) * 1972-04-13 1975-01-21 John J Kelmar Non-polluting internal combustion engine system
US4231225A (en) * 1979-02-05 1980-11-04 Aya Kazim K Turbocharged engine with pressurized gas recirculation
GB2088476A (en) * 1980-11-29 1982-06-09 Daimler Benz Ag An internal engine combustion engine exhaust system
US4373498A (en) * 1979-05-22 1983-02-15 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system for internal combustion engine
EP0622533A1 (en) * 1993-04-01 1994-11-02 Ab Volvo Supercharged internal combustion engine with EGR
WO1996018030A1 (en) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Arrangement for return of exhaust gases in supercharged engines with turbines in series

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3861367A (en) * 1972-04-13 1975-01-21 John J Kelmar Non-polluting internal combustion engine system
US4231225A (en) * 1979-02-05 1980-11-04 Aya Kazim K Turbocharged engine with pressurized gas recirculation
US4373498A (en) * 1979-05-22 1983-02-15 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system for internal combustion engine
GB2088476A (en) * 1980-11-29 1982-06-09 Daimler Benz Ag An internal engine combustion engine exhaust system
EP0622533A1 (en) * 1993-04-01 1994-11-02 Ab Volvo Supercharged internal combustion engine with EGR
WO1996018030A1 (en) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-13 Scania Cv Aktiebolag Arrangement for return of exhaust gases in supercharged engines with turbines in series

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002095210A1 (en) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-28 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Method for fuel injection in a combustion engine and combustion engine
US6953030B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2005-10-11 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Method for fuel injection in a combustion engine and combustion engine
WO2010003664A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Self-igniting internal combustion engine with ether fumigation of the combustion air for vehicles and a method for ether fumigation of the combustion air in a self-igniting internal combustion engine for vehicles
CN101868609A (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-10-20 曼恩载重汽车股份公司 Self-igniting internal combustion engine with ether fumigation of the combustion air for vehicles and a method for ether fumigation of the combustion air in a self-igniting internal combustion engine for vehicles
US9261053B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2016-02-16 Man Truck & Bus Ag Self-igniting internal combustion engine with ether fumigation of the combustion air for vehicles and a method for ether fumigation of the combustion air in a self-igniting internal combustion engine for vehicles
JP2011157959A (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-18 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland Large two-cycle diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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