GB231686A - Improved process and apparatus for fractional distillation - Google Patents

Abstract

231,686. Borrmann, C. H. May 2, 1924. Distilling plant; hydrocarbons, distilling; separate heater and evaporator apparatus.-In distilling mineral oils, tars, fatty acids &c. the crude liquid is passed in succession through tubular heaters at successivelv increased temperatures and is passed through vapour separators between the heating stages. The heaters 3, 16 consist of coiler tubes heated by furnace gases which pass over the heater 16 in the same direction as the oil flows through it and over the heater 13 in countercurrent. A by-pass 35 and valves 36, 37 are arranged to vary the passage of the flue gases. Oil from a tank 1 is forced by a pump 2 through the heater 3 and to a distilling column 4 to which superheated steam is admitted by a pipe 5. Light oil vapours pass through reflux condensers 7, 8 to a final condenser 9. The unvaporized oil passes by a pipe 13 to a tank 14 from which it is forced by a pump 15 through the heaters 16 to a distilling column 17 in which it falls in countercurrent to superheated steam admitted through a pipe 18 having downwardlydirected perforations. The pitch-outlet pipe 26 is covered by a hood 28 and has a small outlet opening 29 in the base so that the column may be drained. The vapours pass through a spiral outlet passage 30 to separate entrained liquid and through reflux condensers 20, 21 to a final condenser 22. The heaters 3, 16 may be heated separately and by electrical means or superheated. steam.