GB2310810A - Mixing apparatus for foundry sand comprising two mixing pans - Google Patents
Mixing apparatus for foundry sand comprising two mixing pans Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2310810A GB2310810A GB9604853A GB9604853A GB2310810A GB 2310810 A GB2310810 A GB 2310810A GB 9604853 A GB9604853 A GB 9604853A GB 9604853 A GB9604853 A GB 9604853A GB 2310810 A GB2310810 A GB 2310810A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- mixing
- impeller
- pan
- agitator
- mixing apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 101150006573 PAN1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
- B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
- B01F27/703—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with stirrers rotating at different speeds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
- B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
- B22C5/0422—Devices having a fixed receptable with rotating tools, some or all of these tools being rolls or balls loosely mounted on their axis or loose balls in contact with the side wall or the bottom of the receptacle, e.g. with aerating means; "Devices of the Muller type"
- B22C5/0431—Devices having a fixed receptable with rotating tools, some or all of these tools being rolls or balls loosely mounted on their axis or loose balls in contact with the side wall or the bottom of the receptacle, e.g. with aerating means; "Devices of the Muller type" having at least two vertical tool-driving shafts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Description
A MIXING APPARATUS
The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus, in particular but not exclusively for mixing particulate materials together and/or with liquid. However, it is also envisaged that the apparatus could be used for blending mixtures consisting solely of liquid or fluid materials.
A wide diversity of mixing apparatuses have been produced in the past which are usually particularly adapted for specific purposes. For example for the mixing of foundry sand, gravity mixers are usually employed wherein a mixing drum contained within an outer casing is rotated to tumble its contents. To assist in the mixing of the contents, one or more small agitators are usually located within the drum adjacent to guides which channel the tumbled material into the path of the agitators. It will be appreciated that such mixers are complex machines and require considerable power to drive the drum. In addition, the exterior of the drum must be shielded by a casing for safety reasons thus adding to the production cost of the mixer.
The object of the present invention is provide a mixing apparatus suitable for various uses but which is of a simpler construction than many conventional mixers, in particular gravity mixers, intended for use in equivalent circumstances and which can thereby be produced with commensurate savings in materials and cost.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a mixing apparatus comprising a rotatable impeller located within a first mixing pan, the interior of which communicates with the interior of a second mixing pan in which is located a rotatable agitator, means being provided for driving the impeller and the agitator, the agitator being driven at at least the same as or a higher speed than the impeller, whereby material to be mixed can be thrown by the impeller out of the first pan into the second pan into the path of the agitator.
Preferably, the impeller and the agitator each comprise a drive shaft which are parallel to one another and which are rotated by the drive means in the same direction.
Preferably also, the first and second mixing pans comprise conjoined substantially cylindrical containers.
Preferably also, the first mixing pan has a diameter which is greater than that of the second mixing pan, advantageously in a ratio of at least 2:1.
Preferably also, the impeller comprises a plurality of blades which are disposed around its drive shaft and each of which defines an impelling face which is angled to lie in a plane which is parallel to a tangent of the drive shaft.
Preferably also, the blades of the impeller sweep substantially the whole of diameter of the first mixing pan as the impeller is rotated.
Preferably also, the agitator comprises a plurality of blades which are disposed around its drive shaft and each of which defines a face which is angled normally to the drive shaft.
Preferably also, drive means operate whereby the speed ratio of the agitator to the impeller is of the order of 10:1.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a mixing apparatus for use in a continuous process comprising a mixing apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention conjoined to a second impeller located on the opposite side of the agitator to the first impeller within a third mixing pan that is in communication with and conjoined to the second mixing pan, entry and exit apertures being located at opposite ends of the apparatus in the first and third mixing pans.
An example of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a schematic plan view of a mixing apparatus according to the invention.
The mixing apparatus shown in the drawing comprises a first mixing pan 1, which is substantially in the form of a cylindrical container or drum that communicates with and is conjoined to a second mixing pan 2, which is also substantially of drum form. The first pan 1 has a greater diameter than that of the second, preferably being approximately at least twice the size of the latter.
Located within the first pan 1 is an impeller 3 which comprises a plurality of blades 4 that are attached to a carrier 5, which is secured concentrically to a drive shaft 6 for the impeller 3. In this example eight blades 4 are equidistantly spaced around the carrier 5. Each blade 4 defines an impelling face 7 which is angled to lie in a plane which is tangential to the carrier 5 and therefore parallel to a tangent of the drive shaft 6. In addition, as shown in the drawing, the blades 4 are of a sufficient size that on rotation of the impeller 3 they sweep substantially the whole of diameter of the mixing pan 1, apart from a small annular area adjacent the inside face of the pan 1, as delineated by the dashed line 8 showing the circumference of the area swept by the blades 4.
In this example, the impeller 3 is driven via its shaft 6 by a motor 9 and appropriate gearing located beneath the pan 1. However, such gearing and the motor 9 could be located in any convenient location above, below or to the side of the pan 1.
Within the second mixing pan 2 is located an agitator 10 which comprises a plurality of blades 11 equidistantly spaced around and attached to a carrier 12. The carrier 12 is attached to a drive shaft 13 for the agitator. The blades 11 each define a face 13 which is angled normally to the carrier 12 and thereby the drive shaft 13. Unlike the blades 4 of the impeller 3, in this example the blades 11 of the agitator 10 do not sweep substantially the whole of diameter of the mixing pan 2 but approximately half its area, as indicated by the dashed line 14. This enables the material to be mixed to swirl and tumble freely in the unswept area and also means no intermeshing need be arranged between the blades 4 and 11 of the impeller 3 and the agitator 10 respectively. However, the length of the blades 4 can be made longer or shorter dependent on the properties of the material to be mixed.
The agitator 10 is driven by via its shaft 13 by an overhead mounted belt drive 15 powered by a motor 16 with appropriate gearing. Any suitable drive means could, however, be used, again located in any convenient location above, below or to the side of the pan 2.
The drive shafts 6 and 13 are disposed parallel to one another and both are rotated in the same direction by their respective drive means. In this example, as shown in the drawing, both the impeller 3 and the agitator 10 are driven in an anti-clockwise direction when viewed from above. It is expected that this arrangement will be suitable for mixing particulate material such as sand.
However, it is envisaged that if fluids are to be mixed, the impeller 3 and the agitator 10 could be driven in opposite directions. Likewise, it may be appropriate in some circumstances to angle the drive shaft 13 of the agitator 10 so that it is no longer parallel to the drive shaft 6 of the impeller.
Preferably, the agitator 10 is driven at a higher speed than the impeller 3, the speeds and speed ratio chosen being dependent on the materials to be mixed. For example, if the apparatus is intended for mixing foundry sand and similar materials, it is expected that the speed ratio of the agitator 10 to the impeller 3 will be of the order of 10:1.
In use, the mixing pan 1 is charged with the various materials to be mixed and the impeller 3 and the agitator 10 are set into operation. The materials to be mixed are at first impelled by the faces 7 of the blades 4 around the pan 1 so that a preliminary degree of mixing is achieved. As a result of the angling of the blades 4, the material tends to be thrown outwardly by the impeller 3 towards the wall of the pan 1 whilst still being swept circularly around the pan 1. However, as the material approaches the area of the pan 1 where the second pan 2 is conjoined, it is thrown out of the pan 1 into the second pan 2 and into the path of the blades 11 of the agitator 10. As a result of the higher speed operation of the agitator 10, the material is swirled and tumbled so that conglomerated material is broken up and a more thorough mixing takes place. The material is stil swept around the pan 2, however, by the action of the blades 11 and, as in the first pan tends to be thrown outwards towards the wall of the pan 2. As a result, the material tends to be thrown back into the pan 1 from the pan 2 after it has been transported around the periphery of the pan 2. The path of material around the apparatus is indicated by the arrows and it can be seen that it tends to follow a looped path around the periphery of the pans 1,2. In this way, low speed blending and melding of material tends to occur in the first mixing pan 1 whereas high speed mixing tends to occur in the second mixing pan 2.
However, if the impeller 3 and agitator 10 are driven in opposite directions, then the path of material around the apparatus follows that of a figure "8".
As it is advantageous for the material in the first pan 1 to be directed outwards towards the wall, the carrier 5 may be surmounted by a cone (not shown) by means of which material is kept from entering the central area of the pan 1. Material being thrown back into the pan 1 by the agitator 10 which impacts the cone will tend to slid downwardly back into the path of the blades 4. In a mixing apparatus intended for mixing foundry sand, it is expected that the diameter of the pan 1 could be of the order to 2000 mm and the diameter of the base of the cone of the order of 600 mm.
When thorough mixing of the materials has occurred, the rotation of the impeller 3 and agitator 10 is stopped and the mixed material removed from the pans 1 and 2.
Preferably this accomplished via a door (not shown) which may be located beneath the second pan 2, or in the wall of the pan 1. To assist in removal of the material, it is possible to arrange for the impeller 3 and the agitator 10 to be driven at very low speeds to urge material towards the door.
In a modification of the apparatus which can increase the batch loading and the speed of mixing, two or more agitators similar to the agitator 10 could be provided each located within its own mixing pan which would be conjoined to the first pan 1 in a manner similar to the pan 2. In such an arrangement, the impeller 3 would tend to feed each of the agitators 10 in turn with material to be mixed.
It will be appreciated that the mixing apparatus shown in the drawing and as described above is intended as a batch mixer, a predetermined quantity of material to be mixed being placed in the apparatus, mixed, and then discharged therefrom. However, is is envisaged that the apparatus could also be adapted to form a continuous mixer for location in a continuous process line. Such an adaption would involve, for example, a second impeller, similar to the impeller 3, being located on the opposite side of the agitator 10 to the impeller 3 within a third mixing pan that is conjoined to the pan 2. The pan 2 would then become a channel between the two larger pans. In addition, entry and exit apertures would be located at opposite ends of the apparatus in the impeller pans in line with the impeller and agitator shafts. In another example, two mixers similar to that shown in the drawing could be connected in-line with appropriate entry and exit apertures. As a result of the operation of the impellers and the agitator, material to be mixed tends to travel along the line of the apparatus and therefore effectively flow through the apparatus during which thorough mixing takes place.
Claims (10)
1. A mixing apparatus comprising a rotatable impeller located within a first mixing pan, the interior of which communicates with the interior of a second mixing pan in which is located a rotatable agitator, means being provided for driving the impeller and the agitator, the agitator being driven at at least the same as or a higher speed than the impeller, whereby material to be mixed can be thrown by the impeller out of the first pan into the second pan into the path af the agitator.
2. A mixing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the impeller and the agitator each comprise a drive shaft which are parallel to one another and which are rotated by the drive means in the same direction.
3. A mixing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the first and second mixing pans comprise conjoined substantially cylindrical containers.
4. A mixing apparatus as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the first mixing pan has a diameter which is greater than that of the second mixing pan, advantageously in a ratio of at least 2:1.
5. A mixing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the impeller comprises a plurality of blades which are disposed around its drive shaft and each of which defines an impelling face which is angled to lie in a plane which is parallel to a tangent of the drive shaft.
6. A mixing apparatus as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the blades of the impeller sweep substantially the whole of diameter of the first mixing pan as the impeller is rotated.
7. A mixing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the agitator comprises a plurality of blades which are disposed around its drive shaft and each of which defines a face which is angled normally to the drive shaft.
8. A mixing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the speed ratio of the agitator to the impeller is arranged to be of the order of 10:1 respectively.
9. A mixing apparatus for use in a continuous process comprising a mixing apparatus as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 8 conjoined to a second impeller located on the opposite side of the agitator to the first impeller within a third mixing pan that is in communication with and conjoined to the second mixing pan 2, entry and exit apertures being located at opposite ends of the apparatus in the first and third mixing pans.
10. A mixing apparatus substantially as described herein and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9604853A GB2310810A (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1996-03-07 | Mixing apparatus for foundry sand comprising two mixing pans |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9604853A GB2310810A (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1996-03-07 | Mixing apparatus for foundry sand comprising two mixing pans |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9604853D0 GB9604853D0 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
| GB2310810A true GB2310810A (en) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=10790008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9604853A Withdrawn GB2310810A (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1996-03-07 | Mixing apparatus for foundry sand comprising two mixing pans |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2310810A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108213334A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 无锡锡南铸造机械股份有限公司 | Thermal current Multi-axle verticle back and forth rubs frosted regenerating device with the hands |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB905539A (en) * | 1957-12-23 | 1962-09-12 | Nat Eng Co | Multiple stage mixing apparatus |
| GB1244115A (en) * | 1968-07-20 | 1971-08-25 | Dierks & Soehne | Improvements relating to mixing machines |
| US4361404A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-11-30 | Pettibone Corporation | Mixing equipment and agitator therefor for use with granular material and method of producing prepared granular material |
-
1996
- 1996-03-07 GB GB9604853A patent/GB2310810A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB905539A (en) * | 1957-12-23 | 1962-09-12 | Nat Eng Co | Multiple stage mixing apparatus |
| GB1244115A (en) * | 1968-07-20 | 1971-08-25 | Dierks & Soehne | Improvements relating to mixing machines |
| US4361404A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-11-30 | Pettibone Corporation | Mixing equipment and agitator therefor for use with granular material and method of producing prepared granular material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108213334A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 无锡锡南铸造机械股份有限公司 | Thermal current Multi-axle verticle back and forth rubs frosted regenerating device with the hands |
| CN108213334B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-06-28 | 无锡锡南铸造机械股份有限公司 | Thermal current Multi-axle verticle back and forth rubs frosted regenerating device with the hands |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9604853D0 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |