GB2300775A - Optical link between electrical modules - Google Patents

Optical link between electrical modules Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2300775A
GB2300775A GB9609838A GB9609838A GB2300775A GB 2300775 A GB2300775 A GB 2300775A GB 9609838 A GB9609838 A GB 9609838A GB 9609838 A GB9609838 A GB 9609838A GB 2300775 A GB2300775 A GB 2300775A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
modular electrical
light
optical signals
electrical device
modular
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Granted
Application number
GB9609838A
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GB2300775B (en
GB9609838D0 (en
Inventor
Ernesto Santini
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BTicino SpA
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BTicino SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by BTicino SpA filed Critical BTicino SpA
Publication of GB9609838D0 publication Critical patent/GB9609838D0/en
Publication of GB2300775A publication Critical patent/GB2300775A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2300775B publication Critical patent/GB2300775B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
    • H04B10/801Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections
    • H04B10/802Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections for isolation, e.g. using optocouplers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Description

a 1 0 2300775 "SYSTEM FOR CONNECTING MODULAR ELECTRICAL DEVICES WITH EACH
OTHER, SUITABLE FOR TPANSk'tRKING OPTICAL SIGNALS UNDER ELECTRICAL ISOLATION CONDITIONS" The present invention relates to a mutual connection system for modular electrical devices suitable for transferring analogue and digital optical signals under electrical isolation conditions.
Although they can be classified according to different types from aesthetical and mechanical viewpoints, the presently available modular electrical devices are manufactured for most different applications which require an increasingly growing usage of special electronic circuits (above all, extremely-low-voltage electronic system of 1%SELVO, type. specifically designed for safety reasons) andlor connectivity obtained by means of digital bus communication lines, inside which the commands and data flow according to standard information protocols.
Therefore, the interconnections between the above said modular devices result to be of extreme importance, above all for devices installed in adjacent or contiguous positions.
In fact, such installation/connection operations normally require long, complex steps including mounting the devices on support means for flushmount modules, stripping the isolating sheath so from connection wires,fastening tricm into 0 1 terminals, using dedicated connectors.
All the above results in an excessive and undesired increase in necessary times for connection operations, complexity in accessing the several connection devices, need for particular care and attention by the installer, considerable differentiation and specificity in connector design according to the planned ube and aesthetical and mechanical classes of electrical devices, high costs.
Furthermore, the connections between contiguous modular electrical devices require large amounts of electrical materials (lengths of cable, terminals, connectors) which should desirably be reduced.
is Another drawback affecting the electrical interconnection used up-to-date, according to the prior art, emerges during the exchange of optical signals between command/control circuits and actuator circuits (i.e., power circuits), above all in case of design and installation according to the safety criteria to be fulfilled under the presently applicable rules and prescriptions on electrical facilities for civil purposes.
Usually, the eictrical safety of the user is secured by physically separating the low-voltage control electronic circuits and the power circuits.
It is consequently clear that the safety is committed, in this case, to the attention and care paid by the facility designer and the installer.
In order to limIL Lhe rIsks deriving from 0 possible installer inadvertence during facility assembly, in a large number of electrical devices the connections between the control electronic circuits and power circuits are arranged inside the same device and are guaranteed, from the viewpoint of electrical safety, - directly by the manufacturer. Unfortunately, such a measure makes it impossible using traditional information and communication protocols on digital bus lines or electronic control modules coupled with other devices which are connected, for example, with the power distribution line voltage (220 V). For example, Llic digital bus systems Of "St:LC -t-ype are extreme 1 y- low-vo lt age electrical circuits; however, inside them electrical is devices are present which control loads fed with the power distribution line voltage (220 V).
A purpose of the present invention is of providing a connection system for modular electrical devices suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation ct)ild!Lic)ris which ubviates the above cited drawbacks, i.e., supplying a combination of electronic circuits, optoelectronic circuits and optical and mechanical parts suitable for forming a connection of optoelectronic type between the modular electrical devices, such that connecting contiguous modules results to be a simple mechanical assembly operation.
Another purpose of the present invention is of providing a mutual connection system for modular electrical devices by using standard circuit a 0 technologies, as well as univocal communication protocols and electrical solution.
A further purpose of the present invention is of providing a system for connecting modular electrical devices showing a limited length of harness and which allows a high level of flexibility of installation and integration of the elect. rical devices in the existing facility, as well as higher rapidity and simplicity of mounting than the solutions known from the prior art, guarantee of electrical safety for the users, thanks Lu Llic electrical isolation between the circuits, possibility of connection to digital buses, which are coupled with specific-functionality devices, is also operating at the voltage level from electrical power distribution line.
A not least purpose of the invention is of realizing a connection system between modular electrical d-evices which is simple and cheap to be realized, without use of complex or expensive technologies.
These and still other purposes are achieved by a connection system for modular electrical devices according to claim 1.
In an advantageous way, the connecting system for modular electrical devices suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation conditions, which is the object of the present invention, provides for a connection of optoelectronic type between contiguous modular 0 0 4 electrical devices, which takes advantage of the mechanical coupling implied by the modular character of the devices, so as to limit the installation times, the mounting difficulties and the costs for electrical materials. Furthermore, the connection of optoelectronic type secures the electrical isolation between safety circuits (low-voltage circuits) and actuator electronic circuits (power circuits).
Finally, by means of the above said connection system, one can realize standard modular electrical control devices suitable for being connected with digital buses of "SEW" type operating at extremely low voltage values,_ -to be coupled with-different devices performing specific functions, also is operating at voltage levels of power distribution line (220 V).
Further purposes and advantages of the present invention will be clear from the following disclosure and accompanying drawings, supplied for merely exemplifying, explanatory, non-limitative purposes, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematIc vIew ot a:Jrst exemplifying, non-limitative embodiment of a connection system for connecting modular electrical devices with each other, which is suitable for transterring optIcal signals under eleeLrical isolation conditions, according to the present invention, in which the transfer of the optical signals takes place according to one direction only; 30 Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a second 00 9 exemplifying, non-limitative embodiment, of a connection system for connecting modular electrical devices according to the present invention, in which the transfer of optical signals takes place in both directions and the modular electrical devices are installed inside a support means for flush-mount electrical modules for civil usage.
Referring to Figure 1, wiLli Lhe reference numeral (10) a modular electrical device is generally indicated which is suitable for transmitting analogue and digital optical signals, and with (11) a modular electrical device is generally indicated whIch is suitable for receiving analogue and digital optical signals.
is With (12) the mechanical hooking, or fastening, organs are indicated with which the modular electrical devices (10) and (11) are equipped in order to be applied onto a support frame means for flush-mount electrical modules for civil usage.
Inside the modular electrical device (10) there is a LED diode (14) which emits light within the IR wavelength region and a light pipe (13) suitable for conveying the optical signals emitted by the LED diode (14).
The modular electrical device (11) comprises a light pipe (13M which receives the optical signals coming trom light pipe (13) and conveys it, and a phototransistor (15), suitable for receiving Llic optical signal emitted by the LED diode (14). The phototransistor (15) can be replaced by an 0 0 ' integrated optoelectronic circuit capable of recognizing and processing the optical signal emitted by the LED diode (14) of the modular electrical device (10).
Referring to Figure 2, with the reference numeral (20) a support means is indicated which is suitable tor supporting flush-mount electrical modules for civil use, comprising two modular electrical devices (25, 25M suitable for transmitting and receiving analogue and digital optical signals and a modular electrical device (30) performing functions of optical bridge intercommunicating -bitween the modular electrical devices (25, 2SA). The support means (20) comprises is a LED diode (23) which generates an optical signal emitting light within the IR wavelength region, a phototransistor (21) suitable for receiving the optical signal and two light pipes (22, 221) positioned in front of the LED diode (23) and the phototransistor (21), respectively, in order to convey the optical signals.
The phototransistor (21) can be replaced by an optoelectronic integrated circuit for receiving and processing the optical signal. The modular electrical device (25) comprises two LED diodes (23A, 23A'), suitable for emitting analogue and digital optical signals within the IR wavelength region, two phototrans is tors (21A, 21A1) (or, if so desired, two integrated circuits of optoelectronic type), suitable for receiving the analogue and 0 1.4 digital optical signals and four light pipes (22A, 22AF, 22All, 22A"'). The light pipes (22A') and (22A") are positioned in front of both LED diodes (23A) and (23A1), respectively, and the light pipes (22A) and (22Al") are positioned in front of both photo transistors (21A) -and (21A') respectively, in order to convey and transport the optical signal outside of the modular electrical device (25). The modular electrical device (25A) comprises the same apparatuses which make part of the modular electrical device (25): two LED diodes (23C, 23C1) emitting within the Ilk wavelength region, which transmit the optical -Signal, two phototrans is tors (21C, 21C1) suitable for receiving the optical is signal and four light pipes (22C, 22C1, 22Cf#f 22C0.0191) performing the task of conveying and transmitting the optical signal. The light pipes (22V) and (22V') are positioned in front of both LED diodes (23C) and (23C') respectively, and both light pipes (22C) and (22CI'l) are positioned in front of both phototransistors (21C) and (2le') respectively.
The modular electrical device (30) comprises two light pipes (22B, 22B'), each of which is positioned in front of light pipes (22A') and (22C), on the one side, and both light pipes (22A111) and (22V'), on the other side, respectively, in order to constitute an optical bridge intercommunicating between both modular electrical devices (25, 2SA) in order to transfer the optical signal from one of 00 0 modular devices (25, 25A) to the other modular device, and vice-versa.
The modular electrical devices 2b, 25A, 30) mentioned above are provided with mechanical organs (24A, 24AI, 24B, 24Blo 24C, 24C1), which enable them to be fastened onto a support frame means for flush mount electrical modules for civil usage.
The connection system for connecting modular electrical devices with each other according to the present invention operates as follows: in the case of a unidirectional connection between two modular electrical devices (10, 11), wherein the first device is a communicat ion/ control device -connected with a digital bifilar bus and the second device is is a (power) actuator device connected with a load (usually a lamp) and with the power distribution line voltage, when both devices (101 11) are installed, -they are mounted in suitably adjacent positions, so as to secure Lhe LrdLisfer of the optical signal emitted by the LED diode (14), conveyed by both light pipes (13, 13A) (in order to reduce the dispersions in other directions), and received and processed by the phototransistor (15). The data contained in the optical signal emitted by the LED diode (14) can be of binary type (for example, zero value = LED diode (14) switched off, value 1 = LED diode (14) lit), or of modulated type (for example, by means of the transmission of analogue optical signals or by transmission through the telephone network), or of digital type using and 0 1 0 0 0 encoded communication protocol (for example, in the case of digital buses for installation purposes, or in the case of local serial digital connections).
A further optoelectronic connection between modular electrical devices (10, 11) can be provided in order to allow -optical information to be transferred in reversed direction relatively to the previously described transfer, using the same modular devices (10, 11), and installing the LED diode (14) which emits the optical signal on the modular electrical device (11) and the phototransistor (15) on the modular electrical device (10). In order -to obtain a connectinn system of bidirectional type, the modular electrical is devices (10, 11) mounted according to the latter optical connection, are each Installed under each device (10, 11), respectively, mounted according to the preceding optical coziiiec;Ljuii [i.e., as used for direct connection of devices (10, 11)].
As an alternative to this connection, similar modular electrical devices (25, 25M are provided with optoelectronic circuits and apparatuses, as LED diodes (23A, 2W, 23C, 23V) to emit the optical signal, light pipes (22A, 22AF, 22A11, 22AP11, 22C, 22C1, 22C11, 22C"') which convey and transport the optical signal and phototransistors (21A, 21A1, 21C, 21V), which receive the emitted optical signal, that the same opzical connection can be used order to accomplish the optical signal transfer both directions along the connection system.
so in in 1.
- 1 1 - In the case when modular electrical devices (25, 25A) are positioned at a distance which is equal to, or larger than, the width of said modular electrical devices (25, 2SA), further modular electrical devices (30) are interposed, each of which realizes an intercommunicating optical bridge, by means of light pipes (22B, 22B1 which convey and transfer the optical signal.
The above said modular electrical devices (25, 2bA, 3U), bidirectionally intercommunicating, can be installed inside a support means (20) for flushmount electrical modules for civil usage, also equipped with optoelectronic apparatuses, like diodes (21), phototransistors (23) and light pipes is (22, 221), suitable for transmitting and receiving the optical signals.
From the above disclosure, the characteristics will clearly appear of the connection system for connecting modular electrical devices suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation conditions, which is the subject-matter of the present invention, as well as the advantages thereof.
In particular, said advantages are represented by:
- flexibility and rapidity of Installation of the modular electrical devices making part of the connection system; - simplicity of connection of adjacent modular electrical devices; 0.
saving in electrical materials, as compared to prior art; - guarantee of electrical safety, thanks to the optoelectronic isolation between control circuits and actuator (power) circuits.
Furthermore, the phototransistors (15, 21, 21A, 21A1, 21C, 21C1) of the modular electrical devices (11, 25, 25A) and of the support means (20) can be replaced by suitable integrated optoelectronic circuits which receive and process the optical signal before transferring it to further electronic circuits or digital-bus communication lines.
Finally, it wil; -be clear that a large number of other changes and modifications can be supplied is to the reception and management system according to the present Invention, without thereby departing from the novelty principles inhering in the inventive idea, as well as it will be clear that, when practicing the invention, the materials, the shapes and the size of the illustrated details can be any, according to different requirements, and the same can be replaced by other, technically equivalent, details.
06 0 0 4

Claims (9)

C 1 a i m s
1. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11, 25, 25A, 30) with one another, of the type suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation conditions, comprising at least a first modular- electrical device provided with mechanical hooking, or organs (12, 24A, 24A'), which enable applied onto at least one support frame 10 flush-mount electrical modules and at (10, 25), fastening it to be means f or least one second modular electrical device (11, 2SA) also provided with mechanical hooking, or fastening, organs (12, 24C, 24C!)- which enable it to be applied onto at least one support frame for flush-mount is electrical modules, characterized in that said first modular electrical device (10, 25) and bdid second modular electrical device (11, 2SA) die installed in mutually adjacent positions and are provided with a plurality of optoelectronic means for transferring optical signals from said first modular electrical device (10, 25) to said second modular electrical device (11, 2SA), and/or vice-versa.
2. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11) with each other according to claim 1, characterized in that said first modular electrical device (10) is constituted by at least one modular communication/control apparatus, connected with a digital bifilar bus and is equipped with at least one emitter element (14) emitting infrared light, said infrared (IR) light being a.
collected and conveyed according to a preferential direction over other directions, by at least one first light pipe (13), positioned in front of said emitter element (14) and used to limit the dIspersions of the opLical sigzidlb in different directions from priferential direction and characterized in that said second modular electrical device (11) Is constituted by at least one acLuaLui. or power modulef connected with at least one load element and with the power distribution line and is provided with at least one receiver element (15) for IF, light, positioned in a corresponding position to said emitter element- C14) and in front of -at least one second light pipe (13A), which collects and is conveys the light coming from said first light pipe (13), reducing the dispersions of the optical signals in different directions from preferential transfer direction, so that said transfer of optical signals takes place by starting from said first modular electrical device (10) towards said second modular electrical device (11).
3. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11) with each other according to claim 1, characterized in that said first modular electrical device (10) is constituted by at least one modular communication/control apparatus connected with a bifilar digital bus and is equipped with at least one receiver element (15) for IR light, said IR light being collected and conveyed according to a preferential direction over other 0 0, directions by at least one first light pipe (13), positioned in front of said receiver element (15) and used Lo llut!L Lhe dispersions of the optical signals in different directions from preferential direction and characterized in that said second modular electrical dev- ice (11) is constituted by at least one actuator or power module, connected with at least one load element and with the power distribution line and is provided with at least one emitter element (14) for IR light, positioned in a corresponding position to said receiver element (15) and in front of at least one second light pipe (13A), which collects- and conveys the light coming from said first light pipe (13), reducing the is dispersions of the optical signals in different directions from preferential transfer direction, so that said transfer of optical sigrials Ldkeb place by starting from said second modular electrical device (11) towards said first modular electrical device (10).
4. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11) with each other according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises at least two modular electrical devices (10) by which IR light is emitted, corresponding to optical signals and at least two modular electrical devices (11) suitable for receiving said optical signals, in such a way that the transfer of optical signals takes placc bidircctionally.
5. System for connecting modular electrical #Q 0, devices (25, 25A, 30) to one another accDrding to claim 1, characterized in that said first modular electrical device (25) and said second modular electrical device (25M are each provided with at least two first emitter elements (23, 23AI, 23C, 23V) emitting IR lighL, each uú wliiuli is positioned in front of at least one first light pipe (22AI, 22M'# 22V, 22C") which connects, and conveys, according to a preferential direction over other directions, the optical signals, and with at least two first receiver element (21A, 21AI, 21Co 21CP) suitable for receiving IR lightf each of which is positioned in tront of at least one second light pipe (22A, 22A111, 22C, 22C) which connects and is conveys the optical signals according to a preferential direction over other directions with said first (25) and second (25A) modular electrical devices being also installed in a mutually adjacent position and-at such a distance from each other that between them at least one third modular electrical device (30) is inserted which constitutes a suitable bridge for transferring said optical signals, with said third modular electrical device (30) being equipped with mechanical hooking, or fastening, organs (24B, 24B'), which enable it to be applied onto at least one support frame means for flushmount electrical modules and with at least two light pipes (22B, 22B'), suitable for conveying and transporting IR light, corresponding to optical signals emitted by at least two of said emitter 0 4.
elements (23A, 23C'), with said first (25), second (25A) and third (30) modular electrical devices being installed above one single support means (20) suitable for supporting modular flush-mount apparatuses, with said support means (20) comprising at least one second emitter element (23) emitting IR light, positioned in front of at least one third light pipe (22) which collects and conveys the emitted light according to a preferential direction over other directions, and is positioned in a corresponding position to at least one from said first receiver elements (21M suitable for receiving the IR light from-"id first modular electrical device (25) and at least one second receiver element (21) suitable for receiving IR light, positioned in front of at least one fourth light pipe (221), which collects and conveys, according to a preferential direction over other directions, towards said second receiver eiement (21), the light, corresponding to the optical signals, coming from at least one from said first emitter elements (23A1) emitting IR light of said first modular electrical device (25).
6. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11, 25, 25A, 30) with one another according to claims 2 or 3 or 5, characterized in that said optical signals are constituted by digital optical signals of binary type or analogue optical signals of modulated type, or digital optical signals having at least one communication protocol.
7. System for connecting modular electrical - is - devices (lo, 11, 25, 25A, 30) with one another according to claims 2 or 3 or 5 or 6, characterized In that said emitter elements (14, 23, 23A, 23C, 23C1, 23A') emitting IR light, corresponding to said optical signals, are constituted by LED diodes, emitting inside Lhe IR wavelength region.
8. System for connecting modular electrical devices (10, 11, 25, 25Ar 30) with one another according to claims 2 or 3 or 5 or 6, characterized in that said receiver elements (15, 21A, 21C, 21C', 21A19 21) suitable for receiving IR light corresponding to said optical signals, are constituted by photetransistors, or integrated circuit3 of optoelectronic type.
is
9. System for connecting modular electrical devices as substantially disclosed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB9609838A 1995-05-10 1996-05-10 System for connecting modular electrical devices with each other suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation conditions Expired - Fee Related GB2300775B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI950939A IT1274465B (en) 1995-05-10 1995-05-10 CONNECTION SYSTEM BETWEEN MODULAR ELECTRIC DEVICES SUITABLE TO TRANSFER OPTICAL SIGNALS IN ELECTRIC INSULATION

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9609838D0 GB9609838D0 (en) 1996-07-17
GB2300775A true GB2300775A (en) 1996-11-13
GB2300775B GB2300775B (en) 1999-06-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9609838A Expired - Fee Related GB2300775B (en) 1995-05-10 1996-05-10 System for connecting modular electrical devices with each other suitable for transferring optical signals under electrical isolation conditions

Country Status (6)

Country Link
BE (1) BE1011997A5 (en)
DE (1) DE19618924A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2120361B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2734106B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2300775B (en)
IT (1) IT1274465B (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998039861A1 (en) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-11 International Business Machines Corporation Optical bus system
GB2343313A (en) * 1998-10-31 2000-05-03 Ibm Data storage array using optical data interconnection

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651961A1 (en) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-18 Siemens Ag Electrical device with modular construction technology

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EP0047869A1 (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Signal processing apparatus
GB2168214A (en) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-11 Gec Avionics Data handling systems
US4678939A (en) * 1984-08-17 1987-07-07 Nixdorf Computer Ag Output circuit for signal transmission systems
EP0243978A1 (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-04 OMRON Corporation Input circuit having a photo-coupler
GB2201561A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-09-01 Marconi Gec Ltd Data handling systems
US4850044A (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-07-18 International Business Machines Corporation Serial optical interconnect bus for logic cards and the like
EP0538522A1 (en) * 1990-03-22 1993-04-28 Regis, Peter John Method of making composite building elements
EP0593287A1 (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-20 Gec-Marconi Limited Electrooptical connector in an optical bus system

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US4612670A (en) * 1984-05-16 1986-09-16 General Dynamics Corporation Electro-optical connection between electronic modules
EP0538552A3 (en) * 1991-10-21 1993-10-06 Rockwell International Corporation High speed array processor bus

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EP0047869A1 (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Signal processing apparatus
US4678939A (en) * 1984-08-17 1987-07-07 Nixdorf Computer Ag Output circuit for signal transmission systems
GB2168214A (en) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-11 Gec Avionics Data handling systems
EP0243978A1 (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-04 OMRON Corporation Input circuit having a photo-coupler
GB2201561A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-09-01 Marconi Gec Ltd Data handling systems
US4850044A (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-07-18 International Business Machines Corporation Serial optical interconnect bus for logic cards and the like
EP0538522A1 (en) * 1990-03-22 1993-04-28 Regis, Peter John Method of making composite building elements
EP0593287A1 (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-20 Gec-Marconi Limited Electrooptical connector in an optical bus system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998039861A1 (en) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-11 International Business Machines Corporation Optical bus system
US6628441B1 (en) 1997-03-06 2003-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Optical bus system and method
GB2343313A (en) * 1998-10-31 2000-05-03 Ibm Data storage array using optical data interconnection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2734106A1 (en) 1996-11-15
BE1011997A5 (en) 2000-04-04
GB2300775B (en) 1999-06-09
ES2120361A1 (en) 1998-10-16
GB9609838D0 (en) 1996-07-17
ITMI950939A1 (en) 1996-11-10
ES2120361B1 (en) 1999-05-01
DE19618924A1 (en) 1996-11-14
IT1274465B (en) 1997-07-17
FR2734106B1 (en) 2001-10-19
ITMI950939A0 (en) 1995-05-10

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090510